Morphologic changes in the vitreous body during intravitreal hematoma in hemophthalmos

The experimental hemophthalm caused by the administration of different amounts of blood (0.1 to 1.2 ml) into the vitreous body of 74 rabbits with the following analysis of the results in I h-3.5 years has demonstrated that hematoma developed in the vitreous body at the moment of blood administration and persisted for 6-7 months. Mechanical, physico-chemical and biological effects of intravitreal hematoma are associated with syneresis of some and synchysis of other vitreous body areas and the following formation of films in induration sites and appearance of uncharacteristic structures.     

Finding of carotenoids in the vitreous body of human eye during prenatal development

Carotenoids were found for the first time in the vitreous body of human eye during the fetal period from week 15 until week 28. Their maximum content was timed to week 16–22. No carotenoids were found the vitreous body of 31-week fetuses, as well as adult humans, which corresponds to the published data. It was shown using HPLC that chromatographic characteristics of these carotenoids correspond to those of lutein and zeaxanthin, characteristic pigments of the retinal yellow macula.     

Detection of carotenoids in the vitreous body of the human eye during prenatal development

Carotenoids were found for the first time in the vitreous body of human eye during the fetal period from week 15 until week 28. Their maximum content was timed to week 16-22. No carotenoids were found the vitreous body of 31-week fetuses, as well as adult humans, which corresponds to the published data. It was shown using HPLC that chromatographic characteristics of these carotenoids correspond to those of lutein and zeaxanthin, characteristic pigments of the retinal yellow macula.     

Studies on the chemical composition of the rat body during growth and development

Studies of the chemical composition of the rat body during growth and development. Acta Physiol. Pol., 1977, 28 (6): 559-573. Changes in the content of nitrogen, ether extract, water and ash in the body of rats were examined from the 1st to the 265th day of their life under conditions optimal for maximal growth and development. The investigations were carried out on 203 male Wistar rats kept on a standard diet containing about 20% of protein and 3.2 kcal ME/g. The diet was available ad libitum. After a period of fasting the animals were sacrificed at definite time intervals, their bodies were autoclaved and homogenized. The results of chemical analyses were processed statistically using logarithmic values and linear regression equations for all components in relation to the total (shrunk) and fat-free body mass, and for the relationship between the different components. The results obtained indicate that the values of all components related to the total or fat-free body mass show a curvilinear course of changes, which can be described with the power function Y = axb.     

Biochemical changes during sporulation of Bacillus stearothermophilus.

The process of sporulation was studied in Bacillus stearothermophilus. A medium is described that supports good growth and sporulation of the organism. In this medium, which contains glucose, salts, and amino acids, acetate starts to accumulate before any of the glucose is catabolized. Enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle are present at all times during growth and sporulation and are found in dormant spores. As the glucose in the culture is consumed, acetate rapidly increases and the pH of the medium drops. The acetate rapidly disappears during sporulation and the pH rises. Dipicolinic acid appears during sporulation and several key-enzyme activities fluctuate in a characteristic pattern.     

Biochemical changes during embryonic development in the aquatic hemipteran bug Laccotrephes griseus

Protein, carbohydrate, free amino acid, lipid, RNA levels, and electrophoretic changes in the protein profile were determined in the eggs of the water scorpion, Laccotrephes griseus, during normal embryonic development. The protein levels remain lower and relatively constant in the eggs of 0, 1 and 2 days of age, while in the eggs of older groups, i.e. between 2 and 6 days, a marked increase in the protein level occurs. Then its level declines. The RNA content shows a rise up to the day 6 stage, later it declines sharply, indicating an increase in the degree of synthetic activity that takes place during such period of embryonic development. Electrophoretic and densitometric analysis show the qualitative and quantitative changes of yolk protein reflecting the utilization of already existing proteins as well as the appearance of new proteins.Water content increases gradually as development proceeds. There is a steady depletion of carbohydrate and lipid during the course of embryonic development. The nature of yolk components as well as their preferential utilization during embryogenesis has been discussed in relation to the generally accepted view that protein serves as the source for the embryonic metabolism in aquatic insects does not hold good for L. griseus and other freshwater insects.     

Auxin-induced growth of tuber tissue of Jerusalem artichoke VI. Biochemical changes in chromatin during aging and cell expansion

Possible mechanisms by which auxin and gibberellic acid stimulateRNA synthesis were examined, using slices excised from cold-storedtubers of Jerusalem artichoke. The ratio of DNA in nucleo non-histone to the total DNA in chromatinincreased during the aging process. On the other hand, cellexpansion did not involve this kind of change in chromosomalcomponents. Gibberellic acid and 2,4-D showed no significanteffects on the ratio of DNA in nucleo non-histone to the totalDNA in chromatin. Melting points of DNA and nucleohistone did not differ significantlyaccording to their sources, i.e. unaged, aged and growing tissues. (Received November 13, 1970; )     

Biochemical changes in avian tissues during infection.

Major sources of error in studies of diet--infectious disease interactions relate to failure 1) to define the stage of a disease cycle; and 2) to determine the extent of disease involvement at time of sampling. The former can be determined from clinical and biochemical observations from time of inoculation to recovery or mortality; the latter can be calculated from indexes obtained from histological preparations, changes in body temperatures, and other clinical symptoms, including weight loss and efficiencies of feed utilization. Other significant errors are derived from the normal 24-hour dynamics of particular tissue constituents, which include oscillations and circadian rhythms. Experimental designs and accuracy of data are always helped by prior knowledge of 24-hour patterns of these normal fluctuations. For example, such patterns will reveal that enzyme and hormonal changes are far more dynamic than body water changes. Studies of nutrition--disease interactions are extremely complex and the researcher must be aware of and eliminate as many sources of experimental error as possible to avoid confounding the data.