"从督论治"针刺治疗颈性眩晕的随机对照临床研究

摘要 目的：观察"从督论治"针刺治疗颈性眩晕的临床应用价值。方法：选取上海市中医医院2020年5月~2022年3月期间收治的296例颈性眩晕患者，采用双色球法将其分为研究组、对照组，各为148例。研究组接受"从督论治"针刺治疗，对照组接受常规针刺治疗。对比两组中医疗效、临床症状评分[颈性眩晕症状与功能评估量表（ESCV）、视觉疼痛模拟评分（VAS）]、动脉血流速度、血液流变学指标。结果：研究组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，研究组ESCV评分高于对照组，VAS评分低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，研究组基底动脉（BA）和大脑双侧（L、R）椎动脉（VA）的血管搏动指数（PI）低于对照组，平均血流速度（Vm）高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，研究组全血粘度-高切（HBV）、全血粘度-低切（LBV）、红细胞压积（HCT）、血浆粘度（PV）、红细胞聚集指数（AI）、全血还原粘度（RV）、红细胞刚性指数（IR）、血沉（ESR）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）、红细胞电泳时间（EET）低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论："从督论治"针刺治疗颈性眩晕，可有效改善疼痛、眩晕症状，调节脑血流速度、血液流变学指标。     

板蓝根中靛玉红含量测定方法的研究

研究在薄层色谱板上采用"展开-挖点"方法测定板蓝根中靛玉红含量,回收率达96.58%。     

右归饮加减方联合"固本通络"针法对类风湿性关节炎患者血清炎性因子和细胞免疫功能的影响

摘要 目的：探讨右归饮加减方联合"固本通络"针法对类风湿性关节炎患者血清炎性因子和细胞免疫功能的影响。方法：按照随机数表法将我院于2018年1月至2020年1月收治的105例患者分为对照组（n=52）和研究组（n=53）。对照组给予西医常规治疗，研究组在其基础上给予右归饮加减方联合"固本通络"针法治疗，两组均连续治疗3个月。统计两组的临床总有效率，分别于治疗前后测定DAS-28积分和症状体征指数积分，于治疗前后检测患者类风湿因子（RF）、红细胞沉降率（ESR）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-1（IL-1）水平及外周血CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD8⁺水平。结果：研究组的临床总有效率明显比对照组高（P<0.05）。两组治疗后DAS-28积分、症状体征指数积分、CRP、RF、ESR、CD8⁺及血清TNF-α、IL-1及IL-6水平均明显小于治疗前（P<0.05），CD3⁺、CD4⁺均明显大于治疗前（P<0.05），研究组治疗后症状体征指数积分、DAS-28积分、RF、CRP、ESR、CD8⁺及血清TNF-α、IL-1及IL-6水平均明显小于对照组（P<0.05），CD3⁺、CD4⁺均明显大于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：右归饮加减方联合"固本通络"针法治疗类风湿性关节炎的疗效明确，有助于改善细胞免疫功能、抑制炎症反应及减轻临床症状。     

“微生物-肠-脑”轴介导的宿主食欲调节

人和动物的食欲受到中枢神经系统和外周激素的协同调控。近年来，一些研究指出肠道菌群的组成与变化通过多重途径影响宿主的食欲。肠道细菌分泌和产生的大量功能性代谢物如短链脂肪酸、次级胆汁酸和氨基酸衍生物等是其发挥调控作用的重要媒介物质。此外，肠道菌群还能够影响消化系统营养感知、肠迷走神经信号投递、肠道激素分泌等，这些也都会参与食欲和进食调节。在明确细菌调控食欲的作用机制后靶向调控和重组肠道微生物可能是改善宿主食欲的一种新策略，有助于厌食症、暴食症等相关疾病的诊治。     

安神定志汤联合"调肝熄风"针法对多发性抽动症患儿下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴激素和行为心理的影响

摘要 目的：探讨安神定志汤联合"调肝熄风"针法对多发性抽动症（TS）患儿下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴激素和行为心理的影响。方法：研究对象选自2017年2月~2020年2月期间我院收治的98例TS患儿，将其按照信封抽签法分为对照组（n=49）和研究组（n=49）。其中对照组给予常规西医治疗，研究组在对照组的基础上加用安神定志汤联合"调肝熄风"针法治疗。对比两组疗效，耶鲁抽动严重程度综合量表（YGTSS）、儿童行为量表(CBCL)评分，皮质醇（COR）、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）水平及复发率。结果：研究组的临床总有效率为87.76%（43/49），高于对照组的65.31%（32/49）（P<0.05）。治疗6周后，两组患儿CBCL、YGTSS评分均明显降低，且研究组均低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗6周后，两组患儿COR、ACTH水平均明显降低，且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组患儿的复发率为10.20%（5/49），低于对照组的32.65%（16/49）（P<0.05）。结论：安神定志汤联合"调肝熄风"针法治疗TS，能显著减轻患儿的抽动症状，改善行为心理状态和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴功能，提高患儿治疗效果，降低复发率。     

"标本配穴"针灸结合甲钴胺对老年糖尿病周围神经病变患者糖脂代谢、炎性细胞因子和受损神经传导速度的影响

摘要 目的：探讨"标本配穴"针灸结合甲钴胺对老年糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）患者糖脂代谢、炎性细胞因子和受损神经传导速度的影响。方法：选取2018年3月~2019年12月期间我院收治的93例老年DPN患者，按照随机数字表法将患者分为研究组（n=47）、对照组（n=46），对照组患者予以甲钴胺治疗，研究组在对照组的基础上联合"标本配穴"针灸治疗，比较两组疗效、糖脂代谢、炎性细胞因子、受损神经传导速度及不良反应。结果：研究组治疗4周后的临床总有效率87.23%（41/47）高于对照组69.57%（32/46）（P<0.05）。两组治疗4周后空腹血糖（FPG）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）均下降，且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组治疗4周后白介素-6（IL-6）、白介素-1β（IL-1β）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）均下降，且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组治疗4周后腓总神经运动神经传导速度（MCV）、正中神经MCV、腓总神经感觉神经传导速度（SCV）、正中神经SCV均升高，且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组均未见明显不良反应发生。结论："标本配穴"针灸结合甲钴胺治疗老年DPN患者疗效确切，可改善患者糖脂代谢、炎性细胞因子和受损神经传导速度，安全可靠。     

&#183;遗传咨询&#183;

1．多囊肾的遗传 问：我有家族多囊肾遗传史,自己双肾有囊肿,现在怀孕29周,胎儿彩超双肾大,有回声,医生判定为多囊肾,我如果不要这胎,再怀孕,有不遗传的可能吗？     

Australopithecus afarensis : bipédie stricte ou associée à une composante arboricole ? Critiques et révision du matériel fémoral

Although much research has been carried out on Australopithecus afarensis locomotion, no consensus has yet been reached. Our new critic study on femoral material brings to the fore a strictly bipedal behaviour within this taxon. Our results are based on the pertinence of human anatomical characteristics among A. afarensis and on the absence of characteristics revealing arboreal displacement. These results have emerged from our different observation and interpretation of some preceding authors concerning the anatomy of these fossil hominids. It is important to underline that apomorphic characteristics of this species are difficult to interpret. They must not however be used to support the idea of arboreal displacement simply based on the fact of a no totally human morphe. We believe that present day humans do not necessarily reflect the earliest strict bipedal anatomic model. An the other hand, it appears that the disagreement between the two locomotor hypothesis for A. afarensis that are bipedalism and arboreal displacement, facing the possibility of bipedalism associated with negligible arboreal displacement, results more from an evolutionary fact than from a real scientific conflict.     

马克&#183;史蒂文&#183;普塔什尼

分子生物学的任务之一就是研究基因的表达,无论是低等的细菌,还是高等的哺乳动物甚至人,在特定的情况下只有部分基因表达,同时另外的部分则不表达,甚至在一个细胞内部的基因表达也存在这种状况,很自然基因开关的研究就成为生命科学领域最基本的问题之一。上世纪60年代,对该问题的研究深入到了分子水平,其中1967年哈佛大学的马克&#183;史蒂文&#183;普塔什尼（Mark Steven Ptashne）阻遏蛋白的发现掀开了该领域崭新的一页。     

哈罗德&#183;埃利奥特&#183;瓦姆斯

1939年12月18日,哈罗德&#183;埃利奥特&#183;瓦姆斯（Harold Eliot Varmus）出生于美国纽约东南部的欧申赛德社区,是犹太人的后裔。瓦姆斯的父亲弗兰克是纽约的一位家庭医生,母亲是当地一位精神病学方面的社会工作者,因此瓦姆斯的童年就在纽约度过。1957年,瓦姆斯进入到阿姆赫斯特学院进行医学预科班的学习,1961年,凭借一篇关于狄更斯的文学而获得文学学士学位。毕业后瓦姆斯甚至考虑将来可以将文学作为自己的职业,并于1962年又获得哈佛大学英语文学的硕士学位。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.