A new species of Spauligodon (Nematoda: Oxyuroidea: Pharyngodonidae) in Latastia longicaudata (Sauria: Lacertidae) from Kenya

A new species of Spauligodon , Spauligodon latasticola n. sp., from the intestines of Latastia longicaudata (Lacertidae) from Kenya is described and illustrated. Spauligodon latasticola represents the 47th species assigned to the genus and the 8th species from the Ethiopian region. The new species differs from all but 2 other species assigned to Spauligodon by the presence of a conically tapering tail in the female. The new species is separated from the 2 similar species, Spauligodon garciaprietoi and Spauligodon goldbergi, by the position of the vulva, which is anterior to the esophageal bulb in the new species, at the level of the esophageal bulb in S. goldbergi, and posterior to the esophageal bulb in S. garciaprietoi.     

Taxonomy of the Neotropical Genus Americabaetis,New Status (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Baetidae)

Americabaetis (Insecta: Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), previously considered synonymous with Acerpenna, is reinstated and given generic rank. The genus differs from Acerpenna in lacking hindwings, gills on abdominal segment 1, and a conical process between the male genital forceps, and in possessing apically rounded gills on abdominal segment 7. The genus has a general Neotropical distribution with a northern limit in east-central Mexico. Five new species of Americabaetis are described from South America: A. alphus, new species, from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, and Paraguay; A. labiosus, new species, from Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay; A. longetron, new species, from Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay; A. maxifolium, new species, from Paraguay; and A. titthion, new species, from Brazil. Americabaetis boriquensis, new combination; A. intermedius, new combination; A. naranjoi, new combination; A. pleturus, new combination; and A. robacki, new combination, are reviewed.     

Taxonomy and phylogeny of a new Central American beetle genus: Catrachia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

A new genus and two species of Melolonthinae from Honduras and Nicaragua are described. A phylogenetic analysis, carried out using morphological characters, suggests that Catrachia is a strongly supported monophyletic group. Catrachia is therefore established as a new genus, constituted by two new species, Catrachia mariana and Catrachia nica.     

A new species of the genus Attheyella (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Canthocamptidae) from Gosu cave in Korea

A new species, Attheyella namkungi sp. nov., is described from Gosu cave at Danyang, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea. This species bears a superficial resemblance to A. coreana Miura, 1969 in having a 2-segmented mandibular palp with only four smooth apical setae, and in the armature formulae of the antennary exopod and thoracic legs. However the new species is clearly distinguishable by the non-sexually dimorphic caudal rami, two long plumose setae and a short seta on leg 6, and the absence of the setular row at the inner lateral margin of each caudal ramus. The new species is characterized from other congeners by having two adjacent inner spines on female leg 3 endopod-2, the caudal ramus twice as long as its width, absence of a barbed apophysis on male leg 3 endopod-2, and the seta number of legs 5 and 6. A key to the Korean species of the genus Attheyella is provided.     

Biodiversity of Asterina species on Neotropical host plants: new species and records from Panama

Two new species of the genus Asterina are described from living leaves collected in provinces Chiriquí and Bocas del Toro in western Panama. Asterina alloplecti on Alloplectus ichtyoderma (Gesneriaceae) differs from other Asterina on Gesneriaceae by its stalked appressoria and host relationship. Asterina compsoneurae on Compsoneura sprucei (Myristicaceae) can be distinguished from other members of Asterina on Myristicaceae by its larger ascomata, larger, prominently spinose ascospores and host relationship. New records for Panama are Asterina corallopoda from a new host plant species (Solanum trizygum, Solanaceae), A. diplopoda, A. ekmanii from a new host plant species (Gonzalagunia rudis, Rubiaceae), A. siphocampyli from a new host plant genus and species (Burmeistera vulgaris, Campanulaceae) and A. styracina from a new host-plant species (Styrax argenteus, Styracaceae). This study increases the number of species of Asterina known for Panama from 12 to 19 and the number of Asterinaceae from 14 to 21. Asterina corallopoda, A. diplopoda, A. ekmanii, A. siphocampyli and A. styracina are illustrated for the first time. A phylogeny inferred from the analysis of LSU rDNA sequences of species of Asterina is presented. The diversity and host-plant patterns of known Neotropical species of Asterina are discussed.     

A New Species of the Genus Tylototriton(Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae) from Eastern Himalaya

A new species of the genus Tylototriton is described from eastern Himalaya based on molecular and morphological comparisons. The new species is diagnosable from the closely-related species by having light brown colouration in dorsal region in life, flat and blunt snout, greatly separated dorsolateral bony ridges on head and straightthick tailfin. In addition to head morphology, the new species is also morphologically distinguishable from its closelyrelated species Tylototriton shanorum by having 16 dorsal warts and average smaller Snout Vent Length(SVL).     

A new species of Aequales,genus Gieysztoria(Rhabdocoela:Dalyelliidae) from China

A new species of Aequales group,namely Gieysztoria shiyanensis Wang Xia,sp.nov.,is described from China.The new species is diagnosed by a sclerotic stylet with a belt attaching 15 fang-like spines.A worldwide list of Aequales group and a key to species of Gieysztoria in China are provided.     

中国阔颈叶蝉属分类研究（同翅目：叶蝉科：缘脊叶蝉亚科）

阔颈叶蝉属现全世界已知2种,中国均有分布。本文记述1新种,新种模式标本保存在西北农林科技大学昆虫博物馆。     

A new species of pelagic amphipod of the genus Lestrigonus (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea: Hyperiidae) from eastern Australia

A new species of pelagic amphipod, Lestrigonus ducrayi sp. nov.,from eastern Australia, is described and illustrated. It isvery similar to Lestrigonus bengalensis Giles, 1887, but isreadily distinguished by a relatively shorter telson (aboutone-third peduncle uropod 3) and, in mature males, pereonites1–5 are fused as in females. The two species often occurtogether in the same plankton sample; the new species beingmore abundant inshore, although both species seem to preferinshore waters. A key to the species of Lestrigonus is provided.     

A New Species of the Genus Achalinus from Huangshan,Anhui, China(Squamata: Xenodermidae)

A new species of the genus Achalinus is described based on five specimens collected from the villages of Huangjialing and Fuxi, Huangshan, Anhui, China. It can be morphologically differentia ted from all the other species in Achalinus except for A. spinalis and A. werneri by the presence of a dotted black streak in the middle of the subcaudal. It can be distinguished from A. spinalis in that its two anterior temporals are in contact with eye, and A. werneri by its light brown flanks. The phylogenetic rela tionship of Achalinus was reconstructed using the mitochondrial locus of cytochrome coxidase subunit 1(CO1). The five new specimens form a monophyletic clade with strong support. The uncorrected p-dista nces between the new species and other representatives of Achalinus range from 13.6% to 21.7%. The recognition of the new species increases the number of described Achalinus species to 14.     

Three new species of Monocotyle (Monogenea: Monocotylidae) from the stingray, Himantura uarnak (Rajiformes: Dasyatidae) from the Great Barrier Reef: phylogenetic reconstruction, systematics and emended diagnoses

Three new species of Monocotyle were found on the gills of the coachwhip stingray, Himantura uarnak (Rajiformes: Dasyatidae) collected at Heron Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia (23 degrees 27' S, 151 degrees 55 'E). Monocotyle helicophallus new species, Monocotyle multiparous new species and Monocotyle spiremae new species all have a single testis and are distinguished from other described Monocotyle species by size of body and hamulus and number of coils of the sclerotized male copulatory organ (21-22, three to four and 29-42, respectively). Monocotyle helicophallus new species is characterized by several muscular genital papillae, one of which is traversed by the ejaculatory duct; M. spiremae new species is distinguished by a sclerotized accessory structure associated with the distal end of the male copulatory organ, a vaginal sclerite and a conspicuous spherical, ejaculatory bulb; M. multiparous new species is distinguished by a large number of retained, thin-shelled eggs, many of which contain a fully developed oncomiracidium. A phylogenetic analysis of the 14 described species of Monocotyle utilizing 13 characters (11 binary and two multistate) produced the most parsimonious cladogram involving 18 steps with a consistency index of 0.78, two homoplasies and four unresolved polychotomies. Emended diagnoses of the Monocotylinae and Monocotyle are provided.     

A new Swartzia (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Swartzieae) species with trimorphic stamens from Amazonian Brazil

A new species Swartzia trimorphica Mansano & A. L. Souza (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Swartzieae) from the Amazonian Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species is notable and distinct from all the other species of Swartzia by its highly unusual trimorphic stamens, while the other species have either an isomorphic or a dimorphic androecium. The new species is included in the section and subsection Swartzia , ser. Orthostylae based on its bracteolate pedicels, the cauligerous inflorescences, lateral style and the relative size of the ovary compared to the style. The atypically small gynoecium in the material suggests the possibility that flowers may be functionally unisexual. Field observations and more collections are needed to resolve this question.  © 2005 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2005, 147 , 235–238.     

Description of a new species of the subgenus Hirtodrosophila (Drosophila: Drosophilidae: Diptera: Insecta) from Chandigarh, India

A new species belonging to the subgenus Hirtodrosophila of the genus Drosophila is described from Chandigarh, India. The relationship, based on the morphology, periphallic organs and phallic organs, at the subgeneric and generic levels is discussed in detail. This new species does not resemble, in external morphology, any of the species described so far. However, in the structures of periphallic and phallic organs it resembles to D. (H.) nokogiri Okada (1956) and D. (H.) histiroides Okada & Kurokawa (1957). The present species is characterized by the presence of a pair of paired black stripes separated by a silvery-white stripe on the mesonotum and scutellum.     

中国波翅青尺蛾属分类研究(鳞翅目:尺蛾科:尺蛾亚科)

波翅青尺蛾属Thalera世界共记录6种和5亚种。中国已知3种和3亚种,本文记述5种和3亚种,其中包括采自四川巴塘1新种淡波翅青尺蛾Thalera simpliria sp.nov.和1新纪录种。文中给出了中国波翅青尺蛾属分种检索表和新种的成虫及外生殖器图。淡波翅青尺蛾,新种Thalera simpliria sp.nov.(图2,3,6,7）新种与Th.lacerataria Graeser,1889相似,但有以下不同：新种前翅外缘在M1与M3之间的缺刻极浅;前后翅外线较圆滑：♂外生殖器抱器瓣基部的三角形骨化片细尖,囊形突较细,钩形突较短粗;♀外生殖器后阴片有一方形弱骨化区域。     

Genus Autosticha Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Autostichidae) from Taiwan,China

Fourteen species of the genus Autosticha Meyrick,1886 are recorded from Taiwan,China.The genus Cynicocrates Meyrick,1935 is proposed as a new synonym of Autosticha,and its type species A.tachytoma (Meyrick,1935) comb.nov.is transferred to Autosticha.Autosticha cordiformis sp.nov.is described as new,and A.tachytoma is redescribed with male for the first time.A checklist of all the described species in Taiwan is given.Photographs of the new species and the newly combined species are provided.     

A new species and a new record of the genus Balanococcus Williams(Hemiptera:Coccoidea:Pseudococcidae) from China

A new species and a new record of the genus Balanococcus Williams are described from China.They are B.zhejiangensis sp.nov.and B.kwoni Pellizzari Danzig,2007.The new species,collected from Zhejiang,China under leaf sheath of Phyllostachys praecox,is similar to B.kwoni Pellizzari Danzig,but can be distinguished by its hind coxa inflated,and only small type of oral collar tubular ducts present on dorsal surface.A key to Chinese species of Balanococcus is given.All specimens examined are deposited in the Insect Collection of Beijing Forestry University.     

A new distinctive species of pagurid hermit crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) from Japan

A new species of pagurid hermit crab, Pagurus decimbranchiae, is described and illustrated based on 20 specimens collected from shallow waters of the Pacific coast of Japan ranging from Boso Peninsula to Tanegashima Island. It is quite distinctive in having the rudimentary arthrobranch on the third maxilliped represented by a single bud, however close morphological similarity is found between the new species and P. moluccensis Haig and Ball. Comparisons are also made among other species, including P. boriaustraliensis Morgan, P. sp. cf. boriaustraliensis sensu Rahayu and Komai (2000) and the members of the P. anachoretus group. The present generic assignment of the new species should be considered provisional, as more extensive study is needed to investigate phylogenetic relationships of the new species and the other species of Pagurus.     

A new species of Anisakis Dujardin, 1845 (Nematoda, Anisakidae) from beaked whales (Ziphiidae): allozyme and morphological evidence

Larvae and adults of Anisakis, recovered from the beaked whales Mesoplodon layardii and Ziphius cavirostris from the Mediterranean Sea and South African waters, were analysed morphologically and by molecular markers (allozymes). A new Anisakis species was identified, showing fixed allele differences at a number of loci from the other Anisakis spp. tested (A. simplex complex, A. physeteris). The lack of hybrid or recombinant genotypes in mixed infections with A. pegreffii, A. simplex C and A. physeteris, as well as the high values of genetic distance (average D_Nei = 1.65 from the members of the A. simplex complex, and D_Nei = 3.09 from A. physeteris) showed that the new species is reproductively isolated. This new Anisakis species is morphologically different from the other Anisakis retained by Davey (1971) as either good species or species inquirendae. The name Anisakis ziphidarum n. sp. is proposed for the new species.     

New archisargids from China (Insecta: Diptera)

The extinct family Archisargidae, which was rich in the Mesozoic, has been found in China, Kazakhstan and Mongolia. By now, six genera and 14 species have been found in Inner Mongolia and Liaoning Province of China. In this paper, two new species of the genus Mesosolva Hong, 1983 and a new genus Brevisolva gen. nov., represented by a new species belonging to the Archisargidae, are described from the Middle Jurassic deposits of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia. A key to the species of Mesosolva is given.