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1.
比较了凝胶电泳示检测质粒DNA时不同激发波长对DNA-EB荧光强度的影响,发现短波长激发光可增加DNA的探测灵敏度。采用260nm作为激光光时可探测到少至0.7ng的线性DNA。且在很广的DNA的质量范围内,DNA-EB荧光强度 与DNA量或正比。以此改进方法检测电离辐射诱导的DNA单、双链断裂岢得到与其它研究结果相一致的G(SSB)和G(DSB)值。  相似文献   

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杨丽琼  刘晓  张姚  叶敏 《生物技术》2021,(5):444-448
[目的]建立寨卡病毒核酸实时荧光定量PCR超敏检测方法.[方法]选取寨卡病毒基因NS5片段保守序列设计寨卡病毒特异性引物和探针,体外转录建立寨卡病毒标准品(1 ×101 ~1 ×108拷贝/μL);以寨卡病毒标准品为模板,对反应体系探针浓度、退火温度和反应时间进行优化;以标准品为模板,建立标准曲线,并确定检测灵敏度;使...  相似文献   

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目的:建立从转基因作物中快速提取DNA的方法.方法 :采用Chelex-100法提取抗草甘膦大豆和非转基因大豆、转基因抗虫玉米Bt176和非转基因玉米中的DNA,使用PCR扩增大豆和玉米的内源基因(Lectin,zSSⅡb)及外源特异性序列(CaMV35S,Bt176)评价提取核酸的质量.结果 :Chelex-100法能够快速在1h之内从大豆和玉米中提取DNA,所提取的DNA可以直接用于PCR扩增反应,PCR扩增产物电泳条带清晰,转基因抗草甘膦大豆样品和转基因抗虫玉米Bt176检测均出现强阳性结果.结论 :Chelex-100法提取DNA可以作为转基因检测的模板,该方法具有经济、简便、快速的特点,适合于转基因检测工作.  相似文献   

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毛细管电泳已DNA片段分离分析的重要手段。本简述了毛细管电泳中采用无胶筛分介质分离DNA片段的机理研究,介绍了筛分介质近年的研究发展状况,依据分离介质的化学组成,分单聚物、共聚物和混聚物等3个部分进行了评述,并对其发展前景进行了展望。  相似文献   

6.
表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)是一种超灵敏的生化分析技术,已经被广泛运用于细胞、核酸、蛋白质等生物分子的检测,在生物医学领域表现出了巨大的应用潜力。近年来,将表面增强拉曼光谱技术应用于遗传物质DNA的精准检测,引起了人们广泛的关注。本文简要叙述了表面增强拉曼光谱技术的基本原理及其在DNA检测中的优势,主要介绍了非标记的DNA-SERS检测应用进展,其中包括本项目组的相关工作。研究表明,非标记DNA-SERS技术有望成为一种快速、准确的临床诊断方式。  相似文献   

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随着光学技术的发展,表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)作为一种新兴的技术被逐渐应用于生物医学领域。SERS波谱作为一种振动波谱,能够反应被测物质的内部信息,具有指纹识别特征;具备高灵敏度、高效能的特点,且能实现复合样本的同时测定;带标记的SERS技术能进一步提高SERS检测的特异性。目前SERS技术已被广泛用于体内外DNA、蛋白分子的检测,为生物分子的分析检测提供了一种崭新、高效的手段。  相似文献   

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Contiguous stacking hybridization of oligodeoxyribonucleotides with a stem of preformed minihairpin structure of a DNA template was studied with the use of UV‐melting technique. It was shown that the free‐energy of the coaxial stacking interaction (ΔG°ST at 37°C, 1 M NaCl, pH 7.4) at the complementary interface XA*pTY/ZATV (an asterisk stands for a nick) strongly depends on the type of nearest neighbor bases X and Y flanking the nicked dinucleotide step. The maximum efficiency of the coaxial stacking was observed for the PuA*pTPy/PuATPy interface, whereas the minimum efficiency was obtained for the PyA*pTPu/PyATPu interface. A 5′‐phosphate residue in the nick enhances the coaxial stacking. In dependence on duplex structure the observed efficiency of A*T/AT coaxial stacking varied from (? 0.97 kcal/mol) for unphosphorylated TA*TA/TATA interface to three‐fold higher value (? 2.78 kcal/mol) for GA*pTT/AATC interface.  相似文献   

9.
The use of capillary electrophoresis for DNA polymorphism analysis   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Capillary electrophoresis has advanced enormously over the last 10 yr as a tool for DNA sequencing, driven by the human and other major genome projects and by the need for rapid electrophoresis-based DNA diagnostic tests. The common need of these analyses is a platform providing very high throughput, high-quality data, and low process costs. These demands have led to capillary electrophoresis machines with multiple capillaries providing highly parallel analyses, to new electrophoresis matrices, to highly sensitive spectrofluorometers, and to brighter, spectrally distinct fluorescent dyes with which to label DNA. Capillary devices have also been engineered onto microchip formats, on which both the amount of sample required for analysis and the speed of analysis are increased by an order of magnitude. This review examines the advances made in capillary and chip-based microdevices and in the different DNA-based assays developed for mutation detection and genotype analysis using capillary electrophoresis. The automation of attendant processes such as for DNA sample preparation, PCR, and analyte purification are also reviewed. Together, these technological developments provide the throughput demanded by the large genome-sequencing projects.  相似文献   

10.
Repetitive sequences in DNA molecules, some of which are palindromic, tend to form stable cruciforms. These are frequently located in promoter regions of a specific operon and origin of replication. Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis can be used to distinguish among various supercoiled DNA topoisomers and to ascertain whether or not the cruciform motif has been extruded. In the current study, this technique is implemented for the first time to address the role of temperature in cruciform extrusion from plasmids.  相似文献   

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DNA amplification technology has been applied to clinical diagnosis of infectious disease, genetic disorder, and cancer. After in vitro amplification of a particular DNA region, the methods of analysis for these amplified samples play a pivotal role in clinical diagnosis. Conventional gel electrophoresis has been routinely used in the lab for checking DNA. The whole procedure is time consuming and requires more than 1 ng of DNA for detection. To achieve greater performance in DNA diagnosis, we demonstrated capillary electrophoresis with laser induced fluorescence detection for analysis of amplified DNA. The analysis of DNA could be completed within 3 min and the data is directly entered into the computer. Considering the automatic and rapid process, we believe that this method could be routinely utilized for the clinical diagnosis of amplified DNA products.  相似文献   

12.
Improvements to the sensitivity, speed, and reproducibility of digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled probes and chemiluminescent substrates makes these compounds increasingly popular to detect nucleic acids. High sensitivity and low background are essential in Southern blot analysis, particularly with plant DNA. This article describes a nonradioactive system to detect single-copy genes in transgenic plants. Labeling using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to produce highly sensitive and reusable DIG-labeled probes. The background was reduced by immobilizing the DNA onto nylon filters by alkaline transfer and by minimized gel handling; the signal-to-noise ratio was improved by modification of the detection procedure.  相似文献   

13.
Suqin Han 《Luminescence》2005,20(6):405-410
A simple and rapid capillary electrophoresis with direct chemiluminescence method has been developed for the determination of five natural pharmacologically active compounds including rutin, protocatechuic aldehyde, chlorogenic acid, luteolin and protocatechuic acid. The luminol as a component of the separation electrolyte buffer was introduced at the head of the separation capillary. The separation of five compounds was carried out in a fused-silica capillary with 15.0 mmol/L tetraborate, 1.0 mmol/L SDS and 0.42 mmol/L luminol (pH 8.5). The analytes was determined by enhancing the chemiluminescence of luminol with 0.13 mmol/L K3Fe(CN)6 in 0.05 mol/L NaOH, which was introduced at the post-column stage. The voltage applied was 16 kV. Under the optimum conditions, the analytes were separated within 10 min. The excellent linearity was obtained over two to three orders of magnitude with a detection limit (signal:noise = 3) of 0.012-0.055 micromol/L for all five analytes. The method was successfully used in the analysis of pharmaceutical and biological samples, and the assay results were satisfactory.  相似文献   

14.
The AlkB family of oxygenases catalyze the removal of alkyl groups from nucleic acid substrates in an iron and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent manner and have roles including in DNA repair. To understand the biological functions of these DNA-dealkylating enzymes it is desirable to measure their expression levels in vitro and in vivo in complex biological matrixes. Quantitative analyses of the enzymes require affinity probes capable of binding AlkB family members selectively and with high affinity. Here we report that DNA aptamers can serve as efficient affinity probes for quantitative detection of such enzymes in vitro. Nonequilibrium capillary electrophoresis of equilibrium mixtures (NECEEM) was applied as a general tool for: (i) selection of DNA aptamers, (ii) characterization of binding parameters for the aptamers, and (iii) quantitative detection of the target in an aptamer-based affinity analysis. The selected aptamers have a range of Kd values between 20 and 240 nM. The aptamers enabled accurate quantitative analysis of AlkB even in the presence of the Escherichia coli cell lysate. Aptamers can likely be developed for other nucleic acid repair enzymes. They may also be developed for use in in vitro and potentially in vivo studies of known nucleic acid-modifying enzymes including for functional analysis.  相似文献   

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