河北省苔类植物新纪录属的研究——Ⅰ.耳叶苔属(Frullania Raddi)

在研究标本和文献的基础上,对河北省苔类植物新纪录属--耳叶苔属Frullania Raddi进行了首次报道,其中包括达乌里耳叶苔F. davurica、达乌里耳叶苔凹叶变种F. davurica var. concava、石生耳叶苔F. inflata、盔瓣耳叶苔F. muscicola、陕西耳叶苔F. schensiana、塔拉大克耳叶苔F. taradakensis、远东耳叶苔F. fauriana和筒瓣耳叶苔F. diversitexta等7种1变种。本文对它们的生境和地理分布作了初步讨论,并编制了河北省耳叶苔属植物的分种检索表。     

河北省凤尾藓属植物的初步研究

报道了河北省产凤尾藓属（Fissidens Hedw.)植物7种,其中,直叶凤尾藓（F.strictu-lus C.Muell.)、二形凤尾葡（F.geminiflorus Doz.et Molk.)、尖肋凤尾藓（F.becketii Mitt.)、卷叶凤尾藓（Fissidens dubius P.Beauv.)、透明凤尾藓（F.hyalinus Hook.et Wils.l)和裸萼凤尾藓（F.gymnogymus Besch.)6种为河北省藓类新记录种,文中对它们的生境、识别特征和地理分布特点作了初步的讨论。并给出了河北省凤尾藓属植物的分种检索表。     

河北省绢藓属(Entodon)植物的分类与地理分布

在研究文献和标本的基础上,简要回顾了绢藓属(Entodon C. Muell.)植物在中国以及在河北省的研究背景.对采自河北省的210余号绢藓属植物标本进行了研究鉴定,整理出河北省绢藓属植物14种2变种,其中有河北省新记录2种:细疣绢藓(Entodon verruculosus)和中华绢藓(E. smaragdinus).按照吴征镒先生对中国种子植物属的分布类型划分原则\[1\],河北省绢藓属植物可划分为4个类型,其中,密叶绢藓短柄变种(E. compressus var. zikaiwiensis)、亮叶绢藓(E. aeruginosus)、陕西绢藓(E. schensianus)、中华绢藓、短柄绢藓(E. micropodus)、和细疣绢藓6种为中国特有分布.作者根据标本编制了河北省绢藓属植物分种检索表,并概述了每一种的生境、识别特征和地理分布.最后,对河北省绢藓属植物地理分布的特点进行了简要讨论.     

贵州省拟大萼苔属Cephaloziella植物的初步研究

在查阅文献和标本的基础上,对贵州省拟大萼苔属Cephaloziella植物进行了系统的整理和研究,初步理清了该属植物在贵州的分布,确认贵州省拟大萼苔属植物有8种1变种。其中,刺茎拟大萼苔C.spinicaulis为贵州新记录种,并提供了该种的详细形态描述。本研究还编制了贵州省拟大萼苔属植物的分种检索表。     

8种耳叶苔属植物的孢子形态及壁层结构电镜观察

对8种耳叶苔属(Frullania)植物的孢子形态进行了电镜观察研究.其中,运用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了7种耳叶苔属植物的孢子形态及纹饰,所观察的孢子都为近球形或近多角形,无萌发孔,属于中型孢子(25～45 μm),表面纹饰为密集型疣状(颗粒状),其中4种具有明显的莲座状结构.运用透射电镜(TEM)观察了4种耳叶苔属植物的孢壁结构,结果显示,4种孢子的壁层超微结构相似:周壁为颗粒状物质,覆盖在外壁表面.外壁有多个数量不等的玫瑰状结构,周壁颗粒物质填充在内.内壁与外壁分层不明显,由外向内电子层密度逐渐增加.     

中国合叶苔属(Scapania)两个新记录种

报道了于我国四川发现的苔类植物合叶苔属(Scapania)的中国2个新记录种：兜瓣合叶苔(Scapania cuspiduligera(Nees)K.Muell．)和长叶合叶苔(Scapania glaucocephala(Tayl)Aust．)。     

秦岭毛茛属植物(毛茛科)的分类学研究

记载了产于秦岭的毛茛属植物共11种,4变种,其中含秦岭分布新记录4种、3变种,它们是:美丽毛茛、丽江毛茛(变种)、毛果毛茛(变种)、丝叶毛茛(变种)、褐鞘毛茛、愚毛茛、匍枝毛茛;另外,收录了《秦岭植物志》遗漏的另外2种,即太白山毛茛和细长喙毛茛。经研究认为,《秦岭植物志》原记载的小毛茛Ranunculus ternatusThunb.在秦岭无分布。给出了秦岭毛茛属植物分种(变种)检索表;对每一种及种下等级的产地及分布进行了详细的论述。     

金丝桃属和三腺金丝桃属植物叶表皮

利用扫描电镜比较观察金丝桃属9组17种1变种和三腺金丝桃属2种植物叶表皮的微形态.属间和组间的表皮微形态特征存在显著差异,组内种间也存在一定差异.说明二属的划分和金丝桃属属下的分组是合理的,同时支持Robson把椭圆叶金丝桃另立为新属的观点.     

国产鸡血藤属和崖豆藤属(豆科)的花粉形态及其系统学意义

为探讨国产豆科(Leguminosae)鸡血藤属(Callerya Endl.)和崖豆藤属(Millettia Wight et Arn.)的属间和属下分类,在扫描电镜下观察了鸡血藤属11种5变种和崖豆藤属6种2变种的花粉形态。结果表明,鸡血藤属和崖豆藤属植物的花粉都是3孔沟或3沟的单粒,辐射对称,赤道面观主要为类球形或近扁球形,极面观主要为圆形或圆状三角形。鸡血藤属植物的花粉大小为中等,而崖豆藤属的为小型。两属植物花粉的沟膜呈现或多或少的隆起或凹陷,附有细微的或粗糙的颗粒,花粉外壁纹饰可分为6种类型。花粉形态不支持Schot合并所有灰毛鸡血藤复合体中除了亮叶鸡血藤[C.nitida(Benth.)R.Geesink]与喙果鸡血藤[C.cochinchinensis(F.P.Metcalf)Z.WeiPedley]为灰毛鸡血藤[C.cinerea(Benth.)Schot]的观点,花粉大小支持将鸡血藤属从广义崖豆藤属中分离。     

江西猕猴桃属(Actinidia)植物的分布及其区系特征

通过野外调查和查阅大量标本、文献,对江西猕猴桃属植物的分布和区系特征进行了系统研究。江西省境内分布有猕猴桃属植物20种和11变种(或变型),其中葛枣猕猴桃(Actinidia polygama (Sieb．et Zucc．)Maxim．)、灰毛猕猴桃(A．cinerascens C．F．Liang)、楔叶猕猴桃(A.fasciculoides var. cuneata C.F.Lang)和簇花猕猴桃(A．fasciculoides C．F．Liang)为江西新分布。江西猕猴桃属植物区系特征表现在：(1)种类丰富;(2)特有现象较明显;(3)多型性突出;(4)地理成分复杂,以中国特有分布式样为主;(5)种间、种内分化较强烈;(6)与邻近地区猕猴桃属植物的关系密切。还对江西猕猴桃属植物的分布与自然生境的关系进行了探讨。     

中国耳叶苔科-新记录种——本州耳叶苔(Frullania usamiensis)

本文报导了辽宁省首次发现的中国耳叶苔科一新记录种即本州耳叶苔(Frullania usamiensis Steph.)。作者在研究东北耳叶苔科标本过程中,发现了本州耳叶苔,该种原仅在日本和朝鲜有报导,为我国新记录,现报导如下。     

Chromosomes of African Hepatics—Jubulae

Abstract

The chromosome numbers of five species belonging to the Jubulae have been described, and are as follows:

Lejeuneaceae

Cololejeunea cf. dissita, n = 9.

Arehilejeunea autoiea Vanden Berghen, n=9.

Caudalejeunea hanningtonii (Mitt.) Schiffn., n =9.

Mastigolejeunea florea (Mitt.) Steph., n=9.

Frullaniaceae

Frullania spongiosa Steph., female, n = 9.

F. spongiosa Steph., male, n=8.

The author wishes to thank Dr E. W. Jones for assistance in identifications, especially with Cololejeunea cf. dissita.     

The Nucleolar Chromosome in Hepatics. I.

Abstract

1. In six species of hepatics belonging to the Marchantiales and Acrogynae the large heteropycnotic chromosome found in addition to the sex chromosome or microchromosome is the nucleolar chromosome.

2. The sex chromosomes and microchromosomes in these species, and in four of the five species of which the nucleolar chromosomes have been described by other authors, are not nucleolar chromosomes. Riccardia pinguis (L.) Gray appears to stand alone in having a nucleolar orpnizer on the sex chromosome in addition to that on an autosome bearing a heteropycnotic trabant.

3. The large heteropycnotic sex chromosomes of certain species of Frullania belonging to the subgenus Galeiloba Steph. are not apparently homologous with the large heteropycnotic chromosome of Frullania africana Steph., belonging to the subgenus Chonanthelia Spr. This is not in accordance with the suggestion of Tatuno (1941) that all ' H-chromosomes' are phylogenetically homologous.

4. It is argued that the nucleolar chromosomes throughout the hepatics, with the exception of the sex chromosome of Riccardia pinguis, may be phylogenetically homologous.     

Notulae de Ranunculaceis Sinensibus (XIV)

One variety of Eranthis, four species of Delphinium, one species of Anemone, and two species and one variety of Clematis are described as new. The distribution of Anemone reflexa Steph. in western part of Henan Province is reported for the first time. The morphological variation of the inflorescence of Clematis armandii Franch.is elucidated, andaccording to it Clematis hefengensis G.F.Tao is reduced to a variety of C.armandii Franch.     

African Hepatics. XXX: The genus Radula Dumortier

Abstract

Fifteen species of Radula from Africa and the Mascarenes are described, of which R. pseudoflaccida is new. The following species are newly reduced to synonyms: R. angustata Steph., R. capensis Steph., R. guineensis Steph., R. macroloba Steph., R. molleri Steph., R. pirottae Gola and R. spongiosa Steph. R. caespitosa Steph. is transferred from R. tabularis Steph. to R. madagascariensis Gottsche.

Habit, stem-structure, leaf-cuticle, perianth and spores provide valuable taxonomic characters which have received little or no attention and which show some degree of correlation. The range of forms shown by the lobule in a single species represent stages in its development.     

六种中国苔类植物的染色体数目

报道了6种中国苔类植物配子体茎尖分生组织有丝分裂中期的染色体数目(1)皱叶耳叶苔,n=9;(2)双齿异萼苔,n=9;(3)卵叶羽苔,n=9;(4)丛生光萼苔日本变种,n=8;(5)密叶光萼苔,n=8;(6)格氏合叶苔,n=9。其中丛生光萼苔日本变种的染色体数目为首次报道,双齿异萼苔的染色体数目为国内首次报道。     

Distributional patterns of the genus Folioceros Bharad. in India

The genus Folioceros Bharad. is represented in the Indian subcontinent by 12 species: F. assamicus Bharad., F. appendiculatus (Steph.) Udar et Singh, F. dixitianus (Mahabale) Bharad., F. glandulosus (L. et L.) Bharad., F. indicus Bharad., F. kashyapii Sriv. et Asthana, F. mangaloreus (Steph.) Bharad., F. paliformis Singh, F. physocladus Bharad. ex Schiffn. et Pande, F. satpurensis (Sriv.) Bharad. et Srivastava, F. amboinensis (Schiffn.) Piippo and F. udarii Asthana et Sriv. The greatest concentration of species has been observed in the moist subtropical evergreen as well as deciduous forests of the eastern Himalaya and south India, possessing 6 and 4 species, respectively. Western Himalaya and central India host one species each while the Andaman Islands possess two species. All species are endemic to their bryogeographical zones except F. appendiculatus, F. glandulosus and F. amboinensis, as F. appendiculatus occur in Samoa, Java, Sumatra and New Guinea while F. glandulosus occurs in New South Wales, Australia and F. amboinensis in Java beyond the Indian subcontinent. Folioceros indicus, F. physocladus and F. satpurensis are restricted to slightly higher altitudes, whereas F. mangaloreus, F. assamicus, F. paliformis and F. amboinensis are restricted to comparatively lower altitudes.     

河北省苹果园根际土壤中疑似致病镰孢菌种类

为了解引起河北省苹果再植病害的病原菌,在河北省10个地区苹果园中采集土壤样品,在实验室进行病原菌的诱集分离培养,根据形态和分子特征对主要病原菌进行种类鉴定。结果表明,在分离得到的293株真菌中,有116株镰孢菌,为分离频率最高的真菌。在形态学鉴定的基础上,对供试镰孢菌进行了分子鉴定。在基于核糖体基因内转录间隔区（rDNA-ITS）序列与翻译延长因子1α（EF-1α）序列片段构建的系统发育树中,代表菌株分别与GenBank登记的所属菌株聚于同一群。研究结果明确了河北省苹果再植病害的疑似致病镰孢菌,包括：尖孢镰孢Fusarium oxysporum、木贼镰孢F. equiseti、锐顶镰孢F. acuminatum、层出镰孢F. proliferatum和茄腐镰孢F. solani。     

东亚分布合叶苔属(苔纲: 合叶苔科) 三种植物的比较和评估

对最近被Potemkin作为同一种处理的合叶苔属Scapania中东亚分布的三种即细齿合叶苔S. parvidens Steph.、弯瓣合叶苔S. parvitexta Steph.和灰绿合叶苔S. glaucoviridis Horik.的模式标本及相关标本进行了比较研究。结果表明, 它们仍应该作为三个独立不同的种来处理。对三个种的模式标本进行了绘图和描述, 并详细讨论了三种之间的区别。