新辅助化疗联合间隔肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗晚期卵巢癌的临床观察

目的:观察新辅助化疗与间隔肿瘤细胞减灭术联合治疗晚期卵巢癌的临床疗效。方法:选取我院收治的晚期卵巢癌患者88例,采取分层随机法分成两组,对照组采取间隔肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗,将全子宫、大网膜、双附件、肿瘤转移灶、阑尾切除,根据手术中的情况,切除腹主动脉旁、盆腔淋巴结及受累的脏器,观察组在对照组基础上采取新辅助化疗,行2-3次化疗后进行手术,采取TP方案进行新辅助化疗,150 mg/m~2紫杉醇,行静脉滴注,持续滴注3小时,每天1次;0.06卡铂、200 m L 0.9%氯化钠注射液,行静脉滴注,每天1-3次;每个疗程间隔3周。比较两组的临床治疗总有效率、腹水量、术中出血量、病灶大小、手术时间、住院时间。结果:观察组的治疗总有效率(75.00%)显著高于对照组(54.55%)(P0.05),腹水量、术中出血量均明显少于对照组,病灶显著小于对照组(P0.05),手术时间、住院时间均明显短于对照组(P0.05)。结论:新辅助化疗联合间隔肿瘤细胞减灭术治疗晚期卵巢癌患者的临床效果明显优于单用间隔肿瘤细胞减灭术。     

新辅助化疗联合肿瘤细胞减灭术对晚期卵巢癌患者的疗效及对血流动力学参数的影响

目的:探讨新辅助化疗联合肿瘤细胞减灭术对晚期卵巢癌患者的疗效及对血流参数的影响。方法:选取2015年1月-2017年6月我院诊治的158例晚期卵巢癌患者,按治疗方法分为对照组、观察组,各79例。对照组使用肿瘤细胞减灭术进行常规卵巢癌治疗,观察组在常规基础上联合新辅助化疗进行治疗。比较两组临床疗效、治疗前后血流动力学参数的变化及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,观察组化疗的表观缓解率(83.54%)显著高于对照组(62.03%)(P0.05)。两组患者治疗前各血流动力学参数比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),观察组术后1、4、12 w颈动脉收缩期最大流速(peak systolic velocity,PSV)均显著低于对照组(P0.05),血管阻力指数(resisitance index,RI)、搏动指数(pulsatility index,PI)均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者在治疗期间出现的心脏毒性反应的发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),对照组患者治疗期间骨髓抑制、恶心呕吐、肝脏损伤、肾脏损伤的不良反应程度显著低于观察组(P0.05)。结论:新辅助化疗联合肿瘤细胞减灭术能够显著提高患者的临床疗效,改善卵巢的血流动力学参数。     

紫杉醇联合洛铂治疗LACC患者的疗效评价

为了探讨紫杉醇联合洛铂在局部晚期宫颈癌(LACC)患者术前新辅助化疗中的效果以及对患者血清肿瘤标记物和预后的影响。本研究选取在我院实施新辅助化疗的58例LACC患者进行研究,其中29例患者采用紫杉醇联合洛铂新辅助化疗方案(A组)、29例患者采用紫杉醇联合顺铂治疗(B组),两组患者均实施根治性宫颈癌手术治疗,对比两组患者的近期疗效、血清肿瘤标记物、毒副反应发生率及远期预后。研究发现,A组患者的缓解率82.75%、总有效率100%,B组患者的缓解率68.97%、总有效率96.55%,两组间比较差异均不具有统计学意义(p0.05);化疗后,A组和B组患者的血清CYFRA21-1、SCCAg水平较化疗前均显著的降低(p0.05);化疗过程中,A组患者的恶心呕吐、腹泻发生率分别为17.24%、6.90%,B组患者的恶心呕吐、腹泻发生率分别为48.28%、62.07%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(p0.05);36个月随访,A组总生存率为68.97%(20/29)、B组患者的总生存率为62.07%(18/29),两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.305,p=0.5810.05);两组患者的生存函数曲线分析,生存时间比较差异无统计学意义(z=0.381,p=0.5370.05)。说明紫杉醇联合洛铂在LACC患者术前新辅助化疗中与紫杉醇联合顺铂的效果相当,但是紫杉醇联合洛铂相对毒副反应发生率更低,提高了患者的治疗依从性,可以成为目前LACC治疗的首选方案,但未来还需进一步研究来提高其治疗效果。     

洛铂与紫杉醇联合治疗晚期卵巢癌的临床观察

目的：观察洛铂与紫杉醇联合化疗治疗晚期卵巢癌的近期疗效及不良反应。方法：50例晚期卵巢癌（Ⅲ期或Ⅳ期）患者,其中26例患者采用洛铂＋紫杉醇静脉化疗,其中洛铂30mg／m2,d1天,紫杉醇135～175mg／m。dl天。24例患者采用顺铂＋紫杉醇静脉化疗,其中顺铂25mg／m2,d1-3天,紫杉醇135～175mg／m。dl天,2～4个疗程观察疗效。结果：26例洛铂组患者中,完全缓解7例,部分缓解8例,稳定9例,进展2例,有效率为57．7％。24例顺铂组患者中,完全缓解5例,部分缓解8例,稳定6例,进展5例,有效率为54．2％。主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制、骨骼酸痛、神经毒性和脱发。结论：洛铂联合紫杉醇治疗晚期卵巢癌疗效较好,毒副反应可以耐受。     

不同化疗方案联合手术治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效及对患者免疫功能的影响分析

目的:探讨分析不同化疗方案联合手术治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效以及对患者免疫功能的影响。方法:经病理学证实的非小细胞肺癌患者94例,随机数字表法将其分为顺铂组与洛铂组,各47例。2组患者均采取手术治疗,并术前行辅助化疗。其中顺铂组采取紫杉醇+顺铂方案,洛铂组接受紫杉醇+洛铂方案。比较治疗前后2组患者临床疗效及KPS评分,并对Ig A、Ig G、Ig M、CD4+及CD8+指标水平进行分析。结果:洛铂组有效率(CR+PR)为87.2%(41/47),与顺铂组[80.8%(38/47)]差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。洛铂组术后KPS评分及CD4+水平高于顺铂组(P0.05),但CD8+水平低于顺铂组(P0.05),差异有统计学意义;2组患者手术前后Ig A、Ig G及Ig M均无统计学意义(P0.05)。洛铂组毒副反应发生率低于顺铂组(P0.05)。结论:含洛铂术前辅助化疗方案有助于改善非小细胞肺癌患者的免疫功能,降低化疗的毒副反应。     

多西他赛或紫杉醇联合奈达铂在宫颈癌辅助化疗中的疗效及安全性分析

目的:观察和比较多西他赛或紫杉醇联合奈达铂辅助化疗治疗宫颈癌患者的临床疗效及其安全性。方法:选择45例采用多西他赛联合奈达铂化疗的宫颈癌患者为观察组及45例同期采用紫杉醇联合奈达铂化疗的宫颈癌患者作为对照组,两组均行手术治疗,且术前接受辅助化疗。对比两组临床疗效、手术时间和术后病理状况及不良反应的发生情况。结果:化疗后,观察组临床有效率高于对照组(62.22%vs.55.56%),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。化疗期间,观察组恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、白细胞、中性粒细胞减少、血红蛋白和血小板减少的发生率均低于对照组,但组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组神经毒性发生率明显低于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。化疗后,行手术治疗,观察组手术时间低于对照组,但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);手术后,观察组盆腔淋巴结转移率和宫旁浸润率低于对照组,但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:多西他赛联合奈达铂辅助化疗宫颈癌的疗效与紫杉醇联合奈达铂相当,且神经毒性、骨髓抑制方面的发生率明显降低,是临床低毒性且有效的宫颈癌术前新辅助化疗方案。     

替吉奥治疗结肠癌的研究

目的:探讨替吉奥治疗结肠癌的疗效。方法:75例经病理组织学确诊的结肠癌患者,分为A、B、C组。A组:替吉奥联合奥沙利铂(艾恒)25例。B组:5-Fu/LV联合奥沙利铂(艾恒)25例。C组:替吉奥单药治疗25例。观察疗效、疾病控制率及不良反应。结果:A组、C组与B组对比,不良反应发生率明显降低。A组有效率48%,疾病控制率88%。B组有效率28%,疾病控制率84%。C组有效率32%,疾病控制率80%。结论:替吉奥是结肠癌辅助化疗联合用药及单药治疗老年结直肠癌较好的治疗药物。     

危重病人预警蛋白质组指纹表达与无效化疗的相关性研究

目的:探索无效化疗与危重病人预警蛋白质组(LGT)指纹的相关性。方法:取昆明小鼠30只,平均体重19-22g,建立小鼠S180肉瘤动物模型,随机分为A(n=10)、B(n=5)、C(n=10)、D(n=5)四组,A组腹腔注射顺铂2.6mg/kg/d×4天,C组腹腔注射顺铂2.6mg/kg/d×8天,于用药结束后4天处死小鼠,B组和D组分别为肿瘤对照组(B组与A组处死小鼠时间相同,D组与C组处死时间相同,同时摘眼球取血进行SELDI(表面增强飞行时间质谱)技术检测,并计算瘤重。比较A组与B组、C组与D组之间肿瘤瘤重有无差异,并根据化疗后肿瘤与对照组比有无缩小分成化疗有效和无效组,比较二组之间LGT蛋白质组指纹出现率有无差异。结果:①模型鼠肿瘤瘤重与LGT蛋白质组指纹的出现率呈正相关,相关系数rs=1.00,P<0.01。A组瘤重与B组相比无统计学差异(P>0.05),C组瘤重明显高于D组,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。②各组LGT蛋白质组指纹的出现率分别为:A组:55.6% B组:50% C组:22.2% D组:80%。A组的LGT蛋白质组指纹出现率高于C组,相比有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:无效化疗可造成模型鼠肿瘤的增大和LGT蛋白质组指纹出现率的增高,表明肿瘤增大是造成肿瘤模型小鼠死亡的重要原因。     

腹腔复苏治疗创伤失血性休克大鼠的实验研究

目的:探讨在静脉输液通道无法建立的情况下,单纯腹腔复苏对创伤失血性休克是否有效.方法:40只SD大鼠被随机分为A组(空白对照组)、B组(休克不复苏组,出血+急救期不接受任何治疗)、C组(腹腔复苏组,出血+急救期给予腹腔注射平衡液10ml/100g体重)、D组(静脉输液组,出血+急救期静脉输入平衡液并保持大鼠MAP在60+5mmHg),B、C、D三组大鼠均制备为未控制创伤失血性休克模型,记录各组大鼠的生存时间,比较各组大鼠的生存率,在0、30、90和120 min时相点观察比较各组大鼠临床指标、血气分析指标和血清TNF-α.结果:C组大鼠的存活时间较B组明显延长(P＜0.05);C组大鼠72 h存活率明显高于B组,但低于D组(P＜0.05).C组大鼠的临床复苏指标、血气分析指标均优于B组,但较D组差;C组大鼠血清TNF-α低于B组,高于D组.C组大鼠生存率明显高于B组,低于D组.结论:腹腔复苏治疗创伤失血性休克大鼠是有效的但效果比静脉复苏差.     

24例维吾尔族宫颈癌新辅助化疗临床疗效分析

目的:研究5-氟尿嘧啶、丝裂霉素加顺铂在局部晚期宫颈癌术前新辅助化疗中的作用.方法:应用5.氟尿嘧啶、丝裂霉素加铂类经股动脉插管,超选择性选择子宫动脉对局部晚期维族宫颈癌术前进行灌注化疗后栓塞,观察24例患者化疗前后局部肿瘤体积变化、手术切除率、盆腔淋巴结转移、脉管癌栓、病灶局部化疗反应.结果:作为术前新辅助化疗,肿瘤体积缩小总有效率87.5%,CR16.66%,手术切除率100%.结论:5-氟尿嘧啶、丝裂霉素加铂类方案联合化疗在局部晚期宫颈癌术前新辅助化疗方面疗效明显.     

Antiangiogenic Therapy with Human Apolipoprotein(a) Kringle V and Paclitaxel in a Human Ovarian Cancer Mouse Model

INTRODUCTION: The present study compared the effect of combination therapy using human apolipoprotein(a) kringle V (rhLK8) to conventional chemotherapy with paclitaxel for human ovarian carcinoma producing high or low levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human ovarian carcinoma cells producing high (SKOV3ip1) or low (HeyA8) levels of VEGF were implanted into the peritoneal cavity of female nude mice. Seven days later, mice were randomized into four groups: control (vehicle), paclitaxel [5 mg/kg, weekly intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection], rhLK8 (50 mg/kg, daily i.p. injection), or the combination of paclitaxel and rhLK8. Mice were treated for 4 weeks and examined by necropsy. RESULTS: In mice implanted with SKOV3ip1 cells, rhLK8 treatment had no significant effect on tumor incidence or the volume of ascites but induced a significant decrease in tumor weight compared with control mice. Paclitaxel significantly reduced tumor weight and ascites volume, and combination treatment with paclitaxel and rhLK8 had an additive therapeutic effect. Similarly, in HeyA8 mice, the effect of combination treatment on tumor weight and tumor incidence was statistically significantly greater than that of paclitaxel or rhLK8 alone. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a significant decrease in microvessel density and a marked increase of apoptosis in tumor and tumor-associated endothelial cells in response to combination treatment with paclitaxel and rhLK8. CONCLUSION: Collectively, these results suggest that antiangiogenic therapy with rhLK8 in combination with taxane-based conventional chemotherapy could be effective for the treatment of ovarian carcinomas, regardless of VEGF status.     

FOLFOX4和XELOX两周方案用于进展期胃癌新辅助化疗的随机对照研究

目的:观察FOLFOX4和XELOX新辅助化疗方案治疗局部进展期胃癌的疗效和毒副作用。方法:68例初治确诊为局部进展期胃癌的患者,随机分为两组,每组各34例,分别采用XELOX和FOLFOX4化疗方案行术前两个疗程的化疗治疗。结果:XELOX组总有效率为47.06%,FOLFOX4组总有效率为41.08%,两组间无显著性差异。不良反应方面,FOLFOX4组恶心、呕吐,白细胞减少和口腔黏膜炎发生率较高,而XELOX组手足综合症发生率较高。结论:XELOX方案作为胃癌新辅助化疗方案,疗效与FOLFOX4方案相似,但XELOX方案副作用较轻且均可控制,化疗时间短,对机体损伤小,易于接受,值得在临床工作中进一步研究和推广。     

新辅助化疗在局部晚期宫颈癌治疗中的疗效观察

目的：探讨新辅助化疗联合手术治疗较传统手术治疗Ib2、IIa2局部晚期宫颈癌的临床疗效。方法：选取2008年6月～2011年12月在黑龙江省哈尔滨医科大学附属第三医院初治宫颈癌患者120例,临床分期为Ib2期、IIa2期,术前均经病理证实为宫颈鳞癌,将其分为两组：研究组（新辅助化疗联合手术治疗组）;对照组（单纯手术治疗组）。研究组给予1～2个疗程的新辅助化疗后评估其化疗疗效,有效者化疗结束后行广泛性子宫切除＋盆腔淋巴结清扫术;对照组直接行手术治疗。结果：新辅助化疗能够使肿瘤体积较化疗前缩小或消失,临床有效率高达81.43%,从而降低了宫颈癌的临床分期,提高手术的切除率,扩大手术适应征,降低术后病理高危因素,同时手术治疗能保留卵巢功能,提高年轻宫颈癌患者生活质量。结论：术前新辅助化疗可以提高手术治疗局部晚期宫颈癌的临床疗效。     

彩色多普勒超声对乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效的评价研究

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)对乳腺癌新辅助化疗(NCT)疗效评价的临床应用价值。方法:选取2013年1月~2013年12月在我院接受新辅助化疗后行手术治疗的女性乳腺癌患者55例,以病理学评价为金标准,化疗后根据化疗效果分为有效组和无效组,利用CDFI观察患者NCT前后病灶超声指标、病灶内血流分级及阻力指数(RI)值变化。结果:55例患者中,临床触诊疗效评价符合率为36.4%,敏感度为60.7%;CDFI评价符合率为70.9%,敏感度为85.7%。CDFI检查显示,乳腺癌NCT后原发肿瘤病灶大小显著缩小,边界多清晰可见,内部回声及后方回声倾向正常。有效组NCT前后病灶内的血流类型和RI值变化有统计学意义(P0.05),无效组NCT前后病灶内的血流类型和RI值无明显变化(P0.05)。结论:CDFI技术可对乳腺癌NCT前后病灶大小及病灶内部血流动力学变化提供客观参数,是评价乳腺癌NCT疗效的有效方法。     

Neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in locally advanced stage II-III gastric cancer: A single-centre retrospective study

BackgroundPD-1 blockade has been shown to have promising efficacy and acceptable safety profiles in advanced and metastatic gastric cancer; however, the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade-based immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) remain uncertain.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of patients with LAGC who received neoadjuvant treatment followed by D2 radical resection at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from 2019 to 2021. The primary aim was to investigate the difference in pathological response rates between neoadjuvant PD-1 immunotherapy plus chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone. Multivariable models for pathological complete response (pCR) were constructed to investigate the factors that facilitate pCR. Trial registration: QYFYWZLL27406.ResultsA total of 77 patients were included in the analysis, among whom 34 (44.2%) received neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade immunotherapy plus chemotherapy. A higher pCR rate was observed in the neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade immunotherapy plus chemotherapy group (8 of 34, 23.5% vs. 2 of 43, 4.7%, P=0.019). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of pCR revealed neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy regimen promoted pCR (OR 12.95, P=0.016). Regarding safety, 76.5% (26 of 34) of patients in the PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy group and 76.7% (33 of 43) of patients in the chemotherapy group experienced treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), and grade 3 or worse adverse events were 29.4% (10 of 34) and 34.9% (15 of 43), respectively.ConclusionNeoadjuvant PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy induced a higher pCR rate than neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and the combined therapy was tolerable in LAGC patients.     

TP化疗后奥拉帕利维持治疗对晚期卵巢癌患者近远期疗效、安全性和血清肿瘤标志物的影响

摘要 目的：探讨紫杉醇+顺铂方案（TP）化疗后应用奥拉帕利维持治疗对晚期卵巢癌患者近远期疗效、安全性和血清肿瘤标志物水平的影响。方法：选择2019年6月至2020年12月期间我院收治的78例晚期卵巢癌患者作为研究对象，分为对照组和观察组，41例和37例。所有患者均行TP化疗，观察组在化疗后接受奥拉帕利维持治疗。比较两组化疗后6个月时的临床疗效和癌症患者生活质量核心问卷（EORTCQLQ-C30）评分、化疗后2年内的无进展生存期和总生存期以及治疗过程中的不良反应发生情况。比较两组患者化疗前和化疗后6个月时血清癌抗原125（CA125）、特异性组织多肽抗原（TPS）、癌抗原199（CA199）、人附睾蛋白4（HE4）水平。结果：（1）观察组患者ORR（64.86% vs. 41.46%）和DCR（83.78% vs. 60.98%）均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；（2）观察组化疗后6个月时的自EORTCQLQ-C30评分明显高于对照组（P<0.05）；（3）观察组化疗后6个月时血清CA125、TPS、CA199和HE水平均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；（4）观察组中位PFS和OS分别为8.000（95%CI：7.151~8.849）和15.000（95%CI：13.505~16.495），均显著大于对照组（P<0.05）；（5）两组骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应、肝功能损伤、肾功能损伤和心脏毒性等毒副反应发生率比较均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。结论：TP化疗后应用奥拉帕利能够提高晚期卵巢癌患者近期疗效，延长生存时间，改善生存质量，安全性高。     

静脉联合腹腔热灌注化疗对老年复发卵巢癌的临床效果

目的:对比分析静脉联合腹腔热灌注化疗与全身静脉化疗治疗老年复发卵巢癌的临床效果。方法:以2010年1月至2010年12月我院收治的80例老年复发卵巢癌患者为研究对象,行随机数字表法均分为观察组和对照组。观察组(n=40)行静脉联合腹腔热灌注化疗对照组(n=40)仅行全身静脉化疗。持续四个周期后统计疗效、不良反应,治疗前后CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+;持续随访,统计1年生存率、2年生存率、3年生存率、平均生存时间。结果觌察组总有效率(75.0%vs 52.5%)显著高于对照组;不良反应发生率(22.5%vs 80.0%)明显低于对照组;CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+均显著高于对照组;1年生存率(72.5%vs 55.0%)、2年生存率(27.5%vs 7.5%)均显著高于对照组;平均生存时间(16.8±2.1)月vs(13.8±1.8)月显著长于对照组。结论:静脉联合腹腔热灌注化疗治疗老年复发卵巢癌疗效显著,值得推广。     

Effectiveness of prostaglandin F2alpha in the initial treatment of bovine ovarian cysts

This study was conducted to evaluate the use of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) in the initial treatment of ovarian cysts in dairy cattle. Two hundred and sixty three cows diagnosed cystic on palpation per rectum were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups (A, B or C). Cows in Groups A and B were treated with 25 mg i.m.of PGF2alpha at the time of diagnosis (Day 0), while cows in Group C received 100 mug of GnRH. Seven days following initial treatment (Day 7), cows from Group A that were not observed in estrus were treated with GnRH. Cows from Groups B and C were not treated. On Day 14, all cows that had not been inseminated received PGF2alpha. A blood sample was obtained from all cows on Days 0, 7 and 14 and was analyzed for progesterone (P4) using radioimmunoassay. Incidences of estrus were recorded and cows that were more than 60 d in milk at the time of diagnosis were bred when observed in estrus. The incidence of follicular cysts on Day 0 (as defined as P4 <0.5 ng/ml) was similar between groups and constituted about 40% of all cysts. There were significantly more cows pregnant to insemination within 7 d of initial treatment in Group B than in Groups A and C (P<0.05). After Day 14, the pregnancy rate was not statistically different between Group B and C, but Groups B and C had a statistically higher pregnancy rate than Group A from Day 21 to Day 35. At the end of the study, there was no statistical difference for the pregnancy rate between groups. We concluded that treatment of ovarian cysts diagnosed by per rectum examination with prostaglandin (at time of diagnosis and 14 d later for cows that were not inseminated) was as effective as initial treatment with GnRH followed by prostaglandins 14 d later for cows that were not inseminated previously. Cows that were initially treated with prostaglandins also tended to become pregnant sooner.