紫花重瓣玫瑰花干品香气特征成分的分析

紫花重瓣玫瑰干品依次用CO2超临界萃取、水蒸汽蒸馏、乙醚萃取得到样品,样品经GC-MS分析鉴定71个化合物,据文献报道的香气特征成分并结合本文的研究结果综合分析,确定了12种香比强值和留香值较高的玫瑰干花香气特征成分:苯乙酸、3,4-二氢-4,4,5,7-四甲基-香豆素-6-醇、1,2-二甲氧基-4-丙烯基-苯(丁香酚甲醚)、芹菜脑、4-丙烯基-茴香醚(茴香脑)、苯甲醛、苯乙酮、5-烯丙-1,2,3-三甲氧苯(榄香素)、苯甲酸苯乙酯、苯甲酸甲酯、α-异-甲基紫罗兰酮,其中以苯乙酸、苯乙酮、苯甲酸苯乙酯、苯甲酸甲酯、榄香素、α-异-甲基紫罗兰酮组成了主要的玫瑰花香气。     

杠柳根皮挥发油化学成分及对麦二叉蚜的毒杀活性初探

采用GC/M S联用技术,对杠柳根皮中挥发油的化学成分进行了分析,共分离出15种化合物,对其中10种进行了鉴定,已鉴定成分占挥发油总成分的94.91%,分别为4-甲氧基水杨醛、乙酸丁酯、2-甲基-1,3-二氧环戊基乙酸乙酯、乙羟硫代羧酸-8-二乙氧基磷酰正辛酯、1,1,3,3-四丁氧基-2-丙酮、4-甲基-2-戊酮、甲酸丁酯、1-(1-乙氧基乙氧基)丁烷、2-正丁氧基四氢吡喃及丁醚。以麦二叉蚜为试虫进行挥发油杀虫活性测定。结果表明,杠柳根皮挥发油对试虫具有较强的触杀活性。     

维吾尔医常用药材-芹菜籽挥发油化学成分的研究

利用水蒸气蒸馏法提取维吾尔医常用药材芹菜籽挥发油成分,运用气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用技术,结合标准谱库,从检出的12个化合物中共鉴定了10个成分。其中主要成分为γ-萜品烯、1-甲基-2-异丙基苯、2-甲基-5-异丙基苯酚、邻苯二甲酸正丁基异丁基二酯、邻苯二甲酸二酯、α-宁烯等,其中γ-萜品烯、1-甲基-2-异丙基苯、2-甲基-5-异丙基苯酚的含量较高,占挥发油成分总量的86．84％。检出成分占挥发油成分的98．7％。     

山楂核干馏油GC-MS主要成分分析及含量测定

本研究目的在于建立气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)分析山楂核干馏油中挥发油、脂溶性成分以及气相色谱法(GC-FID)同时测定山楂核干馏油中活性成分的定量分析方法。采用GC-MS法对山楂核干馏油化学成分进行分析,共分析出62种化学成分,用峰面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量,含量最高的化合物为醛类,占总量的55.96%。以GC-FID法同时测定山楂核干馏油中的主要成分的含量(糠醛、愈创木酚、2,6-二甲基苯酚、2-甲基苯酚、苯酚、2-甲氧基-4-甲基苯酚、2,6-二甲氧基苯酚、四氯愈创木酚、1,2,3-三甲氧基苯、3,4,5-三甲氧基甲苯),测得加样回收率范围为100.06%~102.44%,RSD范围为2.98%~4.57%。本方法准确、简便、重复性好,为山楂核干馏油制剂的内在质量控制及提升废弃物山楂核循环利用价值提供依据。     

地枫皮精油化学成分的研究

从广西的地枫皮制备精油,并用毛细管色谱/质谱/计算机联用方法进行了化学成分分析,鉴定了25种成分,占精油的81.50％。主要芳香成分为黄樟醚(21.74％)、芳樟醇(15.81％)、1,2-二甲氧基-4-(2-丙烯基)苯(6.30％)、α-松油醇(5.89％)。     

湘西辣蓼挥发油化学成分的研究

利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对湘西辣蓼草中的挥发油化学成分进行了研究,共鉴定出53种组分.其主要成分为1-菲兰烯、1-异丙烯基-?-甲基苯、姜烯、α-苎烯、β-石竹烯、α-蒎烯、γ-松油烯、香柠檬烯、律草烯、红没药烯等.其中1-菲兰烯含量最高.约占挥发油总量的14%.     

不同种源野菊及菊花脑花的挥发油成分分析

用GC-MS法对来源于不同产地的野菊(Dendranthema indicum L.)及菊花脑(D. nankingene Hand.-Mazz.)花的挥发油成分进行分析及鉴定。结果显示,河北产野菊、江苏产野生和栽培野菊、湖北产野菊及江苏产菊花脑花的挥发油相对含量分别为0.731%、0.226%、0.199%、0.219%及0.171%;它们的主要成分分别为樟脑(12.62%)和龙脑(8.06%)、2-甲氧基-1,7,7-三甲基-二环[2.2.1]庚烷(27.82%)和樟脑(27.56%)、2,6,6-三甲基-二环[3.1.1]-3-庚烯-4-醇乙酸酯(40.58%)和乙酸桃金娘酯(20.07%)、2,7,7-三甲基-二环[3.1.1]-2-庚烯-6-酮(25.10%)和2-亚乙基-6-甲基-3,5-庚二烯醛(17.66%)、龙脑(26.90%)和乙酸龙脑酯(18.60%)。主成分分析及聚类分析结果表明,河北产野菊花的挥发油成分与其他产地野菊花的挥发油成分差异显著,且菊花脑的挥发油成分与不同产地的野菊间也存在一定的差异。     

韭菜挥发油成分的GC—MS分析

采用“同时蒸馏-萃取”装置（SDE）提取2个韭菜品种的挥发性物质,经GC-MS分析,“紫根韭菜”和“平韭4号”分别含有20种和26种挥发油成分,韭菜挥发油成分在2个品种间有一定差异。决定韭菜风味的主要挥发油成分为二甲基三硫化物、甲基丙烯基硫化物和甲基丙烯基二硫化物。     

钻地风挥发油化学成分及抗炎活性的研究

为了研究钻地风挥发油的化学成分及其抗炎药效,我们采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取钻地风挥发油并用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)技术分析,分别用佛波酯醇(PMA)或二甲苯(xylene)诱导小鼠耳肿胀,在致炎部位外涂钻地风挥发油以观察疗效.从钻地风挥发油中分离并鉴定了24个组分,占总峰面积含量的96.01%,主要由萜类、芳香羟类成分构成,分别为(E)-1,2-亚甲二氧基-4-丙烯基-苯(23.47%),桉树脑(11.503%),芳樟醇(9.558%),β-松油醇(9.201%),α-蒎烯(7.185%)等,实验显示钻地风挥发油外用可以显著抑制佛波酯醇或二甲苯诱导的小鼠耳肿胀.     

观光木酚性成分研究

从观光木(Tsoongiodendron odorum Chun)茎枝的80％乙醇提取物中分离得到11个酚性化合物,经波谱鉴定为:对羟基苯甲醛(1)、香草醛(2)、1,3,5-三甲氧基苯(3),丁香醛(4)、香草酸(5)、苏式-2,3-二-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯)-3-甲氧基丙醇(6)、赤式-2,3-二-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯)-3-甲氧基丙醇(7)、丁香酸(8)、3-羟基-1-(4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯)-1-丙酮(9)、对羟基苯乙醇(10)和C-veratroylglycol( 11).其中,化合物1～4和6～ 11为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.