Giant panda ribosomal protein S14: cDNA, genomic sequence cloning, sequence analysis, and overexpression

RPS14 is a component of the 40S ribosomal subunit encoded by the RPS14 gene and is required for its maturation. The cDNA and the genomic sequence of RPS14 were cloned successfully from the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) using RT-PCR technology and touchdown-PCR, respectively; they were both sequenced and analyzed. The length of the cloned cDNA fragment was 492 bp; it contained an open-reading frame of 456 bp, encoding 151 amino acids. The length of the genomic sequence is 3421 bp; it contains four exons and three introns. Alignment analysis indicates that the nucleotide sequence shares a high degree of homology with those of Homo sapiens, Bos taurus, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Gallus gallus, Xenopus laevis, and Danio rerio (93.64, 83.37, 92.54, 91.89, 87.28, 84.21, and 84.87%, respectively). Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the giant panda with those of these other species revealed that the RPS14 of giant panda is highly homologous with those of B. taurus, R. norvegicus and D. rerio (85.99, 99.34 and 99.34%, respectively), and is 100% identical with the others. This degree of conservation of RPS14 suggests evolutionary selection. Topology prediction shows that there are two N-glycosylation sites, three protein kinase C phosphorylation sites, two casein kinase II phosphorylation sites, four N-myristoylation sites, two amidation sites, and one ribosomal protein S11 signature in the RPS14 protein of the giant panda. The RPS14 gene can be readily expressed in Escherichia coli. When it was fused with the N-terminally His-tagged protein, it gave rise to accumulation of an expected 22-kDa polypeptide, in good agreement with the predicted molecular weight. The expression product obtained can be purified for studies of its function.     

大熊猫和亚洲黑熊TNNC1 基因的克隆、表达与序列分析

慢肌肌钙蛋白C (Troponin C type 1,TNNC1)具有高度保守性,调控骨骼肌慢肌和心肌的收缩,影响肌蛋白的生成,从而可能导致动物肌肉的生长、进化和功能的差异。本研究以大熊猫和亚洲黑熊骨骼肌为材料,提取总RNA 和基因组DNA,运用RT-PCR 和Touch-down PCR 分别扩增出TNNC1 基因的cDNA 序列和结构基因序列,并且构建了含有TNNC1 cDNA 的重组表达载体,转化进入E. coli BL21 进行超表达研究。结果表明大熊猫TNNC1 基因的cDNA 片段长602 bp,包含一个编码161 个氨基酸的开放阅读框,其结构基因全长2 831 bp,包含6 个外显子和5 个内含子。亚洲黑熊TNNC1 基因的cDNA 片段长486 bp,亦包含一个编码161 个氨基酸的开放阅读框,其结构基因全长2 758 bp,同样包含6 个外显子和5 个内含子。该两个物种的TNNC1 基因与已报道的13种动物的TNNC1 基因具有很高的相似性。拓扑预测表明,大熊猫和亚洲黑熊TNNC1 蛋白有1 个蛋白激酶C 磷酸化位点,5 个酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点,1 个N-豆蔻酰化位点,3 个EF 手性钙结合域及1 个N - 糖基化位点。将TNNC1 基因在大肠杆菌中表达发现TNNC1 蛋白与氮端多聚组氨酸标签蛋白(His6) 融合成大小为23. 5kD 左右的多肽,这与预期结果相一致。本研究结果为进一步深入探讨大熊猫和亚洲黑熊TNNC1 基因及蛋白的结构、功能和进化关系提供资料。     

cDNA, genomic sequence cloning and overexpression of ribosomal protein gene L9 (rpL9) of the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

The ribosomal protein L9 (RPL9), a component of the large subunit of the ribosome, has an unusual structure, comprising two compact globular domains connected by an α-helix; it interacts with 23 S rRNA. To obtain information about rpL9 of Ailuropoda melanoleuca (the giant panda) we designed primers based on the known mammalian nucleotide sequence. RT-PCR and PCR strategies were employed to isolate cDNA and the rpL9 gene from A. melanoleuca; these were sequenced and analyzed. We overexpressed cDNA of the rpL9 gene in Escherichia coli BL21. The cloned cDNA fragment was 627 bp in length, containing an open reading frame of 579 bp. The deduced protein is composed of 192 amino acids, with an estimated molecular mass of 21.86 kDa and an isoelectric point of 10.36. The length of the genomic sequence is 3807 bp, including six exons and five introns. Based on alignment analysis, rpL9 has high similarity among species; we found 85% agreement of DNA and amino acid sequences with the other species that have been analyzed. Based on topology predictions, there are two N-glycosylation sites, five protein kinase C phosphorylation sites, one casein kinase II phosphorylation site, two tyrosine kinase phosphorylation sites, three N-myristoylation sites, one amidation site, and one ribosomal protein L6 signature 2 in the L9 protein of A. melanoleuca. The rpL9 gene can be readily expressed in E. coli; it fuses with the N-terminal GST-tagged protein, giving rise to the accumulation of an expected 26.51-kDa polypeptide, which is in good agreement with the predicted molecular weight. This expression product could be used for purification and further study of its function.     

大熊猫酸性核糖体磷酸蛋白P1 基因cDNA 克隆及序列分析

运用RT-PCR 技术,从大熊猫的肌肉组织总RNA 中成功克隆了酸性核糖体磷酸蛋白P1 (RPLP1)基因的表达序列,并对其进行了测序及初步分析。结果表明:大熊猫RPLP1 基因的表达序列全长为448 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为344 bp,编码114 个氨基酸的蛋白质,该蛋白的分子量为11.566 kDa,pI 为4.4,含有3 个酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点和2 个N - 酰基化位点。进一步分析发现,大熊猫RPLP1 基因的表达序列及其编码的氨基酸序列与已报道的部分哺乳动物具有很高的相似性。      

Expression, purification, and evaluation for anticancer activity of ribosomal protein L31 gene (RPL31) from the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

Ribosomal protein L31 gene is a component of the 60S large ribosomal subunit encoded by RPL31 gene, while ribosomal protein L31 (RPL31) is an important constituent of peptidyltransferase center. In our research, the cDNA and the genomic sequence of RPL31 were cloned successfully from the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) using RT-PCR technology respectively, following sequencing and analyzing preliminarily. We constructed a recombinant expression vector contained RPL31 cDNA and over-expressed it in Escherichia coli using pET28a plasmids. The expression product was purified to obtain recombinant protein of RPL31 from the giant panda. Recombinant protein of RPL31 obtained from the experiment acted on human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 and human hepatoma HepG-2 cells for study of its anti-cancer activity by MTT [3-(4, 5-dimehyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide] method. Then observe these cells growth depressive effect. The result indicated that the cDNA fragment of the RPL31 cloned from the giant panda is 419 bp in size, containing an open reading frame of 378 bp, and deduced protein was composed of 125 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 14.46-kDa and PI of 11.21. The length of the genomic sequence is 8,091 bp, which was found to possess four exons and three introns. The RPL31 gene can be readily expressed in E.coli, expecting 18-kDa polypeptide that formed inclusion bodies. Recombinant protein RPL31 from the giant panda consists of 157 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 17.86 kDa and PI of 10.77. The outcomes showed that the cell growth inhibition rate in a time- and dose-dependent on recombinant protein RPL31. And also indicated that the effect at low concentrations was better than high concentrations on Hep-2 cells, and the concentration of 0.33 μg/mL had the best rate of growth inhibition, 44 %. Consequently, our study aimed at revealing the recombinant protein RPL31 anti-cancer function from the giant panda, providing scientific basis and resources for the research and development of cancer protein drugs anti-cancer mechanism research. Further studies of the mechanism and the signal transduction pathways are in progress.     

大熊猫苦味受体T2R2 基因的克隆与序列分析

Based on bitter taste receptor T2R2 gene sequence of domesticated dog(AB249685), one pair of primers were designed and used to amplify an approximately 1.1 kb DNA fragment from genomic DNA sample of giant panda by using PCR. The PCR products were ligated into the pMD-18T vector, and then transformed into competent cells of E.coli DH5α. The identified positive clone was sequenced. The result showed that the T2R2 gene of giant panda was 1 008 bp in length, and contained complete exon, and 915 bp, encoding 304...     

cDNA, genomic sequence cloning and overexpression of ribosomal protein S25 gene (RPS25) from the Giant Panda

RPS25 is a component of the 40S small ribosomal subunit encoded by RPS25 gene, which is specific to eukaryotes. Studies in reference to RPS25 gene from animals were handful. The Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), known as a “living fossil”, are increasingly concerned by the world community. Studies on RPS25 of the Giant Panda could provide scientific data for inquiring into the hereditary traits of the gene and formulating the protective strategy for the Giant Panda. The cDNA of the RPS25 cloned from Giant Panda is 436 bp in size, containing an open reading frame of 378 bp encoding 125 amino acids. The length of the genomic sequence is 1,992 bp, which was found to possess four exons and three introns. Alignment analysis indicated that the nucleotide sequence of the coding sequence shows a high homology to those of Homo sapiens, Bos taurus, Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus as determined by Blast analysis, 92.6, 94.4, 89.2 and 91.5%, respectively. Primary structure analysis revealed that the molecular weight of the putative RPS25 protein is 13.7421 kDa with a theoretical pI 10.12. Topology prediction showed there is one N-glycosylation site, one cAMP and cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site, two Protein kinase C phosphorylation sites and one Tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site in the RPS25 protein of the Giant Panda. The RPS25 gene was overexpressed in E. coli BL21 and Western Blotting of the RPS25 protein was also done. The results indicated that the RPS25 gene can be really expressed in E. coli and the RPS25 protein fusioned with the N-terminally his-tagged form gave rise to the accumulation of an expected 17.4 kDa polypeptide. The cDNA and the genomic sequence of RPS25 were cloned successfully for the first time from the Giant Panda using RT-PCR technology and Touchdown-PCR, respectively, which were both sequenced and analyzed preliminarily; then the cDNA of the RPS25 gene was overexpressed in E. coli BL21 and immunoblotted, which is the first report on the RPS25 gene from the Giant Panda. The data will enrich and supplement the information about RPS25, which will contribute to the protection for gene resources and the discussion of the genetic polymorphism.     

大熊猫辅酶Q-细胞色素C氧化还原酶的辅酶Q连接蛋白基因cDNA的克隆及序列比较

大熊猫（Ailuropoda melanoleuca）是世界上极其宝贵的自然历史遗产,具有重要的学术研究价值,其生存和保护现状为世人所关注。而从分子水平上对大熊猫开展研究逐渐成为国内外研究的重点。目前,对大熊猫基因的研究多集中于线粒体（Zhang and Ryder,1994）和部分基因的克隆与分析（周荣家等,1998）,而涉及众多功能基因及其生物学功能探索相对较少,     

大熊猫Sjogren综合症/硬皮病自身抗原1基因(SSSCA1)的克隆及比较

硬皮病或称系统性硬化症(systemic sclerosis,SSc),又名sjogren's综合症,是一种以局限性或弥漫性皮肤及内脏器官结缔组织纤维化或硬化,最后发展至萎缩为特点的疾病.根据受累范围、程度、病程分为局限性SSc和弥漫性SSc两类,累及的内脏器官为肺脏、食管,患者常死于肺部感染、肾衰竭、心力衰竭等.     

Comparative Analysis and Molecular Characterization of a Gene BANF1 Encoded a DNA-Binding Protein During Mitosis from the Giant Panda and Black Bear

Barrier to autointegration factor 1 (BANF1) is a DNA-binding protein found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that functions to establish nuclear architecture during mitosis. The cDNA and the genomic sequence of BANF1 were cloned from the Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus mupinensis) using RT-PCR technology and Touchdown-PCR, respectively. The cDNA of the BANF1 cloned from Giant Panda and Black Bear is 297 bp in size, containing an open reading frame of 270 bp encoding 89 amino acids. The length of the genomic sequence from Giant Panda is 521 bp, from Black Bear is 536 bp, which were found both to possess 2 exons. Alignment analysis indicated that the nucleotide sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence are highly conserved to some mammalian species studied. Topology prediction showed there is one Protein kinase C phosphorylation site, one Casein kinase II phosphorylation site, one Tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site, one N-myristoylation site, and one Amidation site in the BANF1 protein of the Giant Panda, and there is one Protein kinase C phosphorylation site, one Tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site, one N-myristoylation site, and one Amidation site in the BANF1 protein of the Black Bear. The BANF1 gene can be readily expressed in E. coli. Results showed that the protein BANF1 fusion with the N-terminally His-tagged form gave rise to the accumulation of an expected 14 kD polypeptide that formed inclusion bodies. The expression products obtained could be used to purify the proteins and study their function further.     

粘虫核糖体蛋白S7 cDNA的克隆和表达分析

运用RT-PCR和RACE技术克隆了粘虫Mythimna separata(Walker)核糖体蛋白S7基因(RPS7)的全长cDNA序列(GenBank登录号:JN582331),并对其进行生物信息学分析。结果表明,粘虫RPS7全长cDNA序列为762 bp,包括5'非编码区32 bp和3'非编码区67 bp。其开放阅读框(573 bp)编码190氨基酸肽链,具有核糖蛋白S7e蛋白家族典型特征。该肽链理论分子量为21.924 ku,等电点为9.82,富含4种类型的特定功能位点。该蛋白序列与其他动物RPS蛋白序列具有96.8%～98.2%高度同源性。应用荧光实时定量技术建立了粘虫脑部胚后发育RPS7表达模式。RPS7表达量随胚后发育脑部重建呈现出动态变化,这一结果显示RPS7是在转录水平上呈现发育性调节。     

cDNA cloning and overexpression of acidic ribosomal phosphoprotein P1 gene (RPLP1) from the giant panda

RPLP1 is one of acidic ribosomal phosphoproteins encoded by RPLP1 gene, which plays an important role in the elongation step of protein synthesis. The cDNA of RPLP1 was cloned successfully for the first time from the Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) using RT-PCR technology, which was also sequenced, analyzed preliminarily and expressed in E.coli. The cDNA fragment cloned is 449bp in size, containing an open reading frame of 344bp encoding 114 amino acids. Alignment analysis indicated that the nucleotide sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence are highly conserved to other five species studied, including Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Bos Taurus and Sus scrofa. The homologies for nucleotide sequences of Giant Panda PPLP1 to that of these species are 92.4%, 89.8%, 89.0%, 91.3% and 87.5%, while the homologies for amino acid sequences are 96.5%, 94.7%, 95.6%, 96.5% and 88.6%. Topology prediction showed there are three Casein kinase II phosphorylation sites and two N-myristoylation sites in the RPLP1 protein of the Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). The RPLP1 gene was overexpressed in E. coli and the result indicated that RPLP1 fusion with the N-terminally His-tagged form gave rise to the accumulation of an expected 18kDa polypeptide, which was in accordance with the predicted protein and could also be used to purify the protein and study its function.     

粘虫核糖体蛋白S7cDNA的克隆和表达分析

运用RT—PCR和RACE技术克隆了粘虫Mythimnaseparata（Walker）核糖体蛋白s7基因（RPS7）的全长eDNA序列（GenBank登录号：JN582331）,并对其进行生物信息学分析。结果表明,粘虫RPS7全长eDNA序列为762bp,包括5’非编码区32bp和3’非编码区67bp。其开放阅读框（573bp）编码190氨基酸肽链,具有核糖蛋白S7e蛋白家族典型特征。该肽链理论分子量为21．924ku,等电点为9．82,富含4种类型的特定功能位点。该蛋白序列与其他动物RPS蛋白序列具有96．8％-98．2％高度同源性。应用荧光实时定量技术建立了粘虫脑部胚后发育RPS7表达模式。RPS7表达量随胚后发育脑部重建呈现出动态变化,这一结果显示RPS7是在转录水平上呈现发育性调节。     

Genomic and cDNA cloning, characterization of Delonix regia trypsin inhibitor (DrTI) gene, and expression of DrTI in Escherichia coli

Degenerate primers were designed based on all possible sequences of the N-terminal and C-terminal regions of Delonix regia trypsin inhibitor (DrTI). Five hundred sixty-one bp of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product was amplified using the above degenerate primers and genomic DNA and cDNA of Delonix regia as a template. The amplified PCR products were cloned and sequenced. DNA sequence analysis of cDNA and genomic clones of DrTI have the same nucleotide sequence in the coding region, and manifested a genomic clone without intervening sequences in the coding region. The amino acid sequence deduced from the DrTI genomic and cDNA clones agreed with that identified via amino acid sequencing analysis, except that two amino acid residues, Ser and Lys, existed between residues Lys141 and Ser142. DrTI open reading frame was then amplified and cloned in-frame with GST in pGEX4T-1 and overexpressed in Escherichia coli to yield a glutathione S-transferase (GST)-fusion protein with a calculated molecular mass of about 45 kDa. The recombinant DrTI (reDrTI) was derived by treating the GST-DrTI fusion protein with thrombin. Both the reDrTI and GST-DrTI fusion protein exhibited a strong identical inhibitory effect on trypsin activity.     

Nucleotide sequence of cDNA encoding the mitochondrial precursor protein of the ATPase inhibitor from the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)

Mitochondrial ATP synthase (F1Fo-ATPase) is regulated by an intrinsic ATPase inhibitor protein. In the present study, using RT-PCR combined with in silico cloning, we isolated and sequenced the cDNA encoding the inhibitor protein of the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). The deduced protein sequence showed that the protein is composed of 106 amino acids and the estimated molecular weight of the ATPIF(1) protein is 12.32 kDa with an isoelectric point (pI) of 10.17. Alignment analysis revealed that the deduced protein sequence shares 66%, 78.3%, 66%, 72.6%, 77.4%, and 78.3% homology with that of Mus musculus, Pan troglodytes, Rattus norvegicus, Bos taurus, Macaca mulatta, and Homo sapiens, respectively. Topology prediction showed that there are three protein kinase C phosphorylation sites, one amidation site, three N-myristoylation sites, one casein kinase II phosphorylation site, and one tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site in the ATPase inhibitor. In particular, amino acids in the region between 39 and 72, which is the minimum sequence showing ATPase inhibitory activity, were highly conserved in the protein.     

特异种质烟草HZNH的Fe-SOD基因的克隆与表达

超氧化物歧化酶(superoxidedismutase,SOD)是一种广泛存在于动物、植物、微生物体内的金属酶,按其结合的金属性离子可分为Fe SOD、Mn SOD和CuZn SOD三种,它们通过催化超氧阴离子自由基O·-2发生歧化反应,达到清除O·-2的效果,具有防御氧毒性、增强机体抗辐射损伤能力、防衰老,治疗某些肿瘤、炎症、自身免疫疾病等功效,在农业、医药、食品、化工等产业中的应用前景广阔,因此广受国内外科研工作者的关注和重视[1].而试图通过转SOD基因技术来培育高抗逆农作物新品种和基因克隆与表达技术来实现SOD的大规模发酵生产,已成为国内外SOD…     

Cloning of the C alpha catalytic subunit of the bovine cAMP-dependent protein kinase.

The bovine C alpha type catalytic subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase was cloned. A partial cDNA was isolated from a bovine heart cDNA library. This clone contained 120 bp of the coding sequence and the entire 3' untranslated region of 1431 bp. The complete coding region was cloned by PCR amplification from total bovine heart and skeletal muscle RNA. The sequence of the 3' oligonucleotide was taken from the partial cDNA clone whereas the 5' oligonucleotide was chosen by comparison of sequences of published C alpha subunits from other species. In the deduced amino acid sequence there is one deviation from the published bovine C alpha protein sequence, aspartic acid 286 is exchanged by an asparagine. The C alpha mRNA was found to be expressed differentially in various bovine tissues.