白介素10和白介素17基因启动子区多态性位点与儿童哮喘的相关性研究

目的：探讨IL-10基因启动子区-627A/C和IL-17基因启动子-152A/G位点多态性与儿童哮喘发生的相关性。方法：采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析（PCR-PFLP）方法检测186名哮喘儿童、198名健康儿童各个多态性位点的基因型,采用SPSS13.0进行统计学分析。结果：IL-17基因-152A/G位点的基因型及等位基因频率分布在哮喘组与正常对照组均存在显著性差异（p〈0.05）,哮喘组-152A/G位点等位基因A频率显著高于正常对照组（x2=6.077,p=0.014,OR=1.430,95%CI=1.076-1.902）。结论：IL-17基因-152A/G位点可能与儿童哮喘的发病存在关系,其中A等位基因可能是易感基因,携带A的个体可能更易患有哮喘。     

易感基因多态性与支气管哮喘的相关性研究

目的:探讨白介素-4(Interleukin-4,IL-4)基因589位点、白介素-4受体(interleukin-4 receptor,IL-4R)基因576位点多态性与内蒙古地区汉族支气管哮喘患者是否存在遗传易感性,是否与血清总IgE浓度相关.方法:采用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法检测内蒙古地区62例支气管哮喘患者和30例汉族正常人群IL-4基因的589位点、IL-4R基因的576位点多态性,进行基因型和基因频率分析,同时采用Elisa法检测患者血清总IgE浓度.结果:哮喘组IL-4基因启动子区-589(C/T)位点多态性分布频率与对照组比较,两组间基因型频率分析(X2=3.437,P=0.179),无显著性统计学差异(P＞0.05);两组基因频率分析(X2=9.405,P=0.002),有显著性差异(P＜0.05).哮喘组IL-4R基因启动子区-576(Q/R)位点多态性分布频率与对照组比较,两组间基因型频率分析(X2=0.815,P=0.665),无显著性统计学差异(P＞0.05),两组基因频率分析(X2=0.245,P=0.621),无显著性差异(P＞0.05).哮喘组血清总IgE浓度高于对照组,有显著性差异(t=6.367,P=0.00,P＜0.05).结论:内蒙古地区汉族人群哮喘组中,IL-4基因启动子区-589(C/T)位点多态性与支气管哮喘的发病无显著性差异;IL-4R基因-576(Q/R)位点多态性与支气管哮喘的发病无显著性差异;患者组血清总IgE显著高于对照组,但是与IL-4基因启动子区-589(C/T)位点多态性和IL-4R基因-576(Q/R)位点多态性没有相关性.     

白介素-18 基因多态性与黑龙江省汉族人群心房颤动相关性

目的:探讨白介素-18(IL-18)基因启动子区-137G/C(rs187238)位点和-607A/C(rs1946518)位点的等位基因、基因型、单体型与黑龙江省汉族人群心房颤动发病风险的相关性。方法:选取56例心房颤动患者和26例对照者,心房颤动患者按持续时间分为阵发房颤组和持续房颤组。采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)和直接测序法(DS)对所选2个SNPs位点的基因型进行检测。结果:1黑龙江省地区汉族人群中IL-18基因启动子区-607A/C位点存在AA、AC、GG三种基因型,-137C/G位点存在CC、GC、GG三种基因型。2各心房颤动患者组与对照组间IL-18基因启动子区-137G/C(rs187238)位点和-607A/C(rs1946518)位点的基因型和等位基因频率比较均无显著性差异(P0.05)。3IL-18基因启动子区-137G/C(rs187238)位点和-607 A/C(rs1946518)位点有CA、CC、GA、GC四种单倍体型,各组单倍体型分布频率比较均无统计学差异(P0.05。4IL-18基因启动子区-137G/C(rs187238)位点和-607 A/C(rs1946518)位点的基因型和等位基因频率与AF患者的发病年龄均无统计学相关性(P0.05)。结论:IL-18基因启动子区-607A/C(rs1946518)位点和-137G/C(rs187238)位点不是黑龙江省汉族人群心房颤动的易感基因,可能与其心房颤动的发病风险无关。     

白介素18启动子区基因多态性与儿童EV71感染相关性研究

目的:研究白介素18基因启动子多态性与儿童EV71感染遗传易感性的关系.方法:收集EV71感染患儿177例,单纯HFMD组127例,HFMD并脑炎组50例,提取外周血DNA,用序列特异性引物-聚合酶链反应(SSP-PCR)技术及基因测序法检测IL-18启动子区-137G/C、-607A/C位点的基因多态性.结果:EV71感染患儿与健康儿童IL-18-607基因型以CA为主,AA、CC次之,EV71感染患儿AA基因型、A等位基因分布频率显著高于健康儿童.EV71感染HFMD并脑炎组患儿AA基因型分布显著高于单纯HFMD组患儿,差异有统计学意义.EV71感染患儿与健康儿童IL-18-137基因型以CC为主,CG次之,GG占少数.该位点基因型及等位基因在EV71感染组与健康儿童、单纯HFMD与HFMD并脑炎组的分布无显著差异.结论:IL-18基因多态性与EV71感染相关,IL-18-607AA基因型、A等位基因携带儿童更易感染EV71病毒,且AA基因型患儿易并发脑炎,-607AA基因型可能为EV71感染的易感基因型.-137C/G位点基因多态性与EV71感染无相关性.     

IL-6基因多态性与小儿全身炎症反应综合征的相关性研究

目的探讨白细胞介素-6（Interleuk in-6,IL-6）基因多态性与小儿全身炎症反应综合征（system ic inflamm atory response syndrom e,SIRS）的关系。方法 30例SIRS患儿为SIRS组,随机挑选30例健康体检的小儿为对照组,采用限制片段长度多态分析聚合酶链反应方法（PCR/RFLP）对2组儿童的IL-6基因的-174位点和-572位点基因进行分析;并应用酶联免疫吸附试验法（ELISA）检测2组儿童的血清IL-6水平,观察基因型对血清IL-6水平的影响。结果 IL-6基因-572位点基因型和等位基因频率在2组间分布差异有统计学意义,SIRS组GG基因型和G等位基因频率均显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）;携带G等位基因个体患SIRS的风险约是C等位基因型个体的6.84倍（OR95%CI：2.62～17.89,P〈0.05）;G等位基因携带者IL-6血清含量显著高于CC基因携带者（P〈0.05）。IL-6基因启动子-174位点在SIRS组与对照组中只发现GG基因型,CG和CC基因型在2组中均未发现;SIRS组IL-6血清水平显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论 IL-6基因-572C/G多态性可能是中国汉族儿童SIRS发病的遗传危险因素之一,血清IL-6水平可能受其基因多态性的影响。而IL-6基因-174G/C多态性与中国汉族儿童SIRS发病可能不具有相关性。     

IL-10基因启动子-627位点多态性与过敏性哮喘

目的:探讨白细胞介素-10(IL-10)启动子-627C/A基因多态性和等位基因频率与过敏性哮喘血清IgE、IL-10浓度以及病情严重程度的相互关系。方法:从哮喘病人DNA文库中选择青岛地区过敏性哮喘病人518例和健康志愿者501例,采用PCR-RFLP方法对IL-10基因启动子-627位点多态性进行观察,比较两组基因型和等位基因的分布频率,同时测定血清中总IgE、IL-10浓度和肺功能检查(FEV1、FVC、FEVl/FVC)。结果:轻度和中-重度哮喘组AA、CA和CC基因型所占比例分别为38.1%、46.0%、15.9%和45.6%、46.2%和8.2%(P=0.0168,X~2=8.232,df=2)A等位基因与哮喘病轻的严重程度有明显相关性(P<0.05)。AA基因型哮喘病人血清的IgE浓度显著升高(P<0.01),但其血清IL-10浓度比CC基因型携带者明显降低(P<0.01)。结论:IL-10基因启动子-627位点多态性与过敏性哮喘的发生有一定的相关性,等位基因A是哮喘患病的风险基因,而等位基因C则是哮喘病的保护基因。     

多巴胺D2受体基因多态性位点与海洛因依赖的关系

目的:探讨多巴胺D2受体(Dopamine D2 receptors,DRD2)基因3'非翻译区Taq ⅠA、启动子区-141 Ins/Del 2个多态性位点和海洛因依赖的相关性.方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态(PCR-RFLP)技术检测320例海洛因依赖患者及300例健康对照组的TaqⅠA和-141 Ins/Del2个多态性位点的基因型.采用HaploView4.0及SPSS11.5软件分析这2个多态性位点的基因型、等位基因频率及组间差异.结果:DRD2基因Taq ⅠA位点的基因型及等位基因频率分布在海洛因依赖组与正常对照组存在显著性差异(p<0.01),海洛因依赖组TaqⅠA位点的等位基因A1频率显著高于正常对照组(x2=11.156,p=0.001,OR=1.463,95%CI=1.170～1.830);DRD2基因-141 Ins/Del位点的基因型及等位基因频率分布在海洛因依赖组与正常对照组之间无统计学差异(p<0.05).结论:DRD2基因TaqⅠA位点多态性可能与海洛因依赖有关,携带有TaqⅠA多态性位点A1等位基因的个体可能更容易对海洛因产生依赖.     

青霉素过敏人群IL-18血清浓度以及启动子区基因多态性研究

目的：探讨青霉素类抗生素过敏反应与IL-18及其基因多态性的关系。方法：采用ELISA方法检测50例正常对照和67例过敏患者血清中IL-18水平,PCR-SSP法检测IL-18启动子区多态性位点的基因型。结果：青霉素过敏组IL-18血清浓度显著高于正常对照组（P〈0.01）,且随着皮试反应程度的增强,IL-18浓度也随之升高;青霉素过敏病人IL-18-607位点A等位基因出现频率显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）,CA＋CC基因型降低了青霉素过敏发生的风险性[2=5.868,P〈0.05,OR=3.910,95%Cl（1.225,12.478）]。不同基因型患者血清中IL-18浓度无显著性差异。结论：青霉素过敏反应与IL-18升高有关,IL-18基因启动子区-607C/A位点多态性与青霉素过敏显著相关。     

多巴胺D4受体基因启动子区多念性位点与注意缺陷多动障碍的关联研究

目的:探讨多巴胺D4受体基因启动子区-1240L/S,-616C/G和-521C/T三个多态性与注意缺陷多动障碍(Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)的关系.方法:取无亲缘关系的ADHD患者及对照组各166名,采用等位基因特异性扩增技术(allele specific amplification,ASA)及聚合酶链式反应琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术,检测ADHD患者和对照组基因型和等住基因的频率分布.结果:DRD4基因-521C/T的基因型及等位基因频率分布在ADHD组与正常对照组存在显著性差异(p＜0.05),ADHD组的T等位基因的频率显著高于正常对照组(x2=9.827,p=0.002,OR=1.639,95%CI=1.202-2.234).DRD4基因启动子区2个功能多态性位点-616C/G及-1240L/S的基因型及等位基因频率在正常组与ADHD组的分布无显著性差异(p＞0.05).结论:-521C/T位点与ADHD的易感性存在关联,且-521C/T等位基因是决定ADHD个体易感性的重要因素,含有T等位基因的个体罹患注意缺陷多动障碍的相对风险增高.     

多巴胺D4受体基因启动子区多态性与精神分裂症的相关性

目的:探讨多巴胺D4受体(Dopaminc D4 receptor,DRD4)基因启动子区的3个功能多态性与精神分裂症是否存在相关性.方法:严格按照诊断标准,选取无亲缘关系的精神分裂症患者220例,健康对照组200例提取基因组DNA,采用聚合酶链反应及等位基因特异性扩增技术检测DRD4基因启动子区-521C/T、-616C/G和-1240L/S 3个功能位点的基因型,采用HaploView4.0及SPSS11.5软件分析各位点基因型、等位基因频率及组间差异.结果:DRD4基因-1240L/S的基因型及等位基因频率分布在精神分裂症与正常对照组存在显著性差异(p<0.05).DRIM基因启动子区-521C/T和-616C/G位点的基因型及等位基因频率分布在精神分裂症组与正常对照组无统计学差异(p>0.05).结论:DRD4基因-1240L/S多态性与精神分裂症相关联,携带有-1240L/S多态性住点L等住基因的个体可能更容易患精神分裂症.     

Association of Interleukin-6, Interleukin-12, and Interleukin-10 Gene Polymorphisms with Essential Hypertension in Tatars from Russia

Essential hypertension is a common disease with fatal clinical complications. Epidemiological and family studies have confirmed the role of genetic predisposition in its development. Hypertensive patients have been shown to have an altered profile of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The aim of our investigation was to reveal the association of interleukin-6, interleukin-12, and interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms with essential hypertension and its clinical complications in a Tatar ethnic group from Bashkortostan, Russia. The study involved 362 hypertensive patients and 244 healthy subjects from this Tatar ethnic group (Bashkortostan, Russia). DNA was isolated from whole venous blood using phenol–chloroform extraction by the standard method. IL6 −572 G/C, IL12B 1159 C/A, and IL10 –627 C/A genotypes were typed using polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction enzyme digestion. We found that the IL10 −627 *C/*C genotype was associated with decreased risk of hypertension (OR = 0.64, P = 0.035). IL6 genotypes and allele distribution did not differ significantly between subjects with and without hypertension, but the IL6 −572 *G/*G genotype frequency was found to be significantly higher among those patients who had stroke, compared with normotensive control subjects (P = 0.036). Carriers of the IL12B 1159 *A/*A genotype had a lower risk of stroke (OR = 0.38, P = 0.028). Our study has shown the association between IL10 −627 C/A polymorphism and essential hypertension in the Tatar ethnic group from Bashkortostan, Russia. The IL10 −627*C/*C genotype was found to be protective against hypertension. We also demonstrated that hypertensive patients with the IL12B *A/*A and IL6 *G/*G genotypes had increased risk of stroke. Our results suggest a role for cytokines in cardiovascular disease development in the Tatar ethnic group, but further investigation is needed.     

Interleukin-18 promoter polymorphism and asthma risk: a meta-analysis

Some studies have shown that IL-18 was associated with aetiology and progression of asthma. However, the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms −607C/A (rs1946518) and −137G/C (rs187238) located in the IL-18 gene promoter and asthma risk was still controversial and ambiguous. To derive a more precise effect on the association between these polymorphisms and asthma risk, we performed a meta-analysis based on the currently available evidence of the literature. A total of 5 studies with 1411 cases and 1525 controls for −607C/A polymorphism and 5 studies with 1883 cases and 6645 controls for −137G/C polymorphism were identified to perform a meta-analysis, up to October 2010. Summary ORs and corresponding 95% CIs for IL-18 polymorphisms and asthma were estimated using fixed- and random-effects models when appropriate. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated. We found that individuals carrying AC/CC genotype of −607C/A polymorphism were associated with an increased asthma risk in recessive model (OR = 1.278; 95% CI, 1.073–1.522). However, no significant association was observed between −137G/C polymorphism and asthma risk under different contrast models. There was no evidence of publication bias. The present meta-analysis suggested that IL-18 −607C/A polymorphism in promoter region was associated with asthma risk.     

IL-10基因启动子-627位点多态性与过敏性哮喘

目的：探讨白细胞介素-10（IL-10）启动子-627C／A基因多态性和等位基因频率与过敏性哮喘血清IgE、IL-10浓度以及病情严重程度的相互关系。方法：从哮喘病人DNA文库中选择青岛地区过敏性哮喘病人518例和健康志愿者501例,采用PCR—RFLP方法对IL．10基因启动子．627位点多态性进行观察,比较两组基因型和等位基因的分布频率,同时测定血清中总IgE、IL-10浓度和肺功能检查（FEV1、FVC、FEV1／FVC）。结果：轻度和中一重度哮喘组AA、CA和CC基因型所占比例分别为38．1％、46．0％、15．9％和45．6％、46．2％和8．2％（P=0．0168,X2=8．232,df=2）。A等位基因与哮喘病轻的严重程度有明显相关性（P〈0．05）。AA基因型哮喘病人血清的IgE浓度显著升高（P〈0．01）,但其血清IL-10浓度比CC基因型携带者明显降低（P〈0．01）。结论：IL-10基因启动子-627位点多态性与过敏性哮喘的发生有一定的相关性,等位基因A是哮喘患病的风险基因,而等位基因C则是哮喘病的保护基因。     

脑源性神经营养因子基因多态性与注意缺陷多动障碍的关联性研究

目的:探讨脑源性神经营养因子(Brain-derivedneurotrophicfactor,BDNF)G196A、C270T及Val66Met3个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点与注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的关系。方法:选取无亲缘关系的ADHD患者共114例,健康对照共96例。采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术检测G196A、C270T和Val66Met3个多态性位点的多态性,采用HaploView4.0及SPSS13.0软件进行连锁不平衡分析并比较两组基因型分布和等位基因频率。结果:BDNF三个多态性位点基因型及等位基因频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg定律。ADHD组G196A和C270T多态性位点分布与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义,而BDNF基因Val66Met位点的基因型及等位基因频率分布在ADHD组与对照组存在显著性差异(p<0.05),ADHD组Val66Met位点的等位基因G(Val)频率显著高于正常对照组。结论:BDNF基因Val66Met多态性可能与ADHD发病有关,携带有Val66Met多态性位点G等位基因的个体可能更容易产生ADHD。     

Interleukin-2 gene polymorphisms associated with increased risk of gastric atrophy from Helicobacter pylori infection

BACKGROUND: Gastric atrophy induced by Helicobacter pylori is thought to predispose patients to noncardiac gastric cancer development. However, the host genetic factors that influence the progression of gastric atrophy have not been elucidated. In this study, we examined the effects of cytokine polymorphisms on H. pylori-induced gastric atrophy. METHODS: Blood samples were taken from 454 Japanese subjects. The interleukin-2 (IL-2; T-330G), IL-4 (C-33T), and IL-13 (C-1111T) polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers (PCR-CTPP). Anti-H. pylori IgG antibody and pepsinogen I and II were measured to diagnose H. pylori infection and atrophic gastritis. RESULTS: The odds ratios (ORs) for the association between IL-2 polymorphism [OR = 2.78, 95% CI (confidence interval) = 1.26-6.17 (T/T to G/G)] or IL-4 polymorphism [OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.01-4.89 (T/C to C/C)] were increased significantly with gastric atrophy, whereas the corresponding OR of IL-13 polymorphism was decreased with gastric atrophy [OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.39-0.96 (C/T and T/T to C/C)]. There were no significant H. pylori seropositivity-related differences between these polymorphisms. We examined the relationship between these polymorphisms and gastric atrophy separately in H. pylori-seropositive and -seronegative groups. In the H. pylori-seropositive group, the IL-2 T/T (OR = 2.78, 95% CI = 1.12-6.93) had a significant association with gastric atrophy. CONCLUSIONS: These results reveal that the IL-2 gene polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of gastric atrophy induced by H. pylori infection and might predispose to gastric cancer.     

Polymorphisms of interleukin-8 and -18 genes and diabetic retinopathy

We evaluated possible roles of interleukin-8 gene polymorphisms (1633T/C-rs2227543, 251A/T-rs4073) and interleukin-18 gene polymorphisms (-607C/A-rs1946518, -137G/C-rs187238) in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Caucasians with type 2 diabetes. 271 patients with DR and 113 without diabetic retinopathy were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. We did not observe an association between either interleukin-8 gene polymorphisms (1633T/C, 251A/T) or interleukin-18 gene polymorphisms (-607C/A, -137G/C) and diabetic retinopathy in Caucasians with type 2 diabetes. We did not find statistically significant differences in interleukin-8 serum levels between diabetics with the TT and AA genotype and those with other genotypes. The interleukin-18 serum levels between diabetics with the CC genotype of the -607C/A polymorphism and those with other genotypes (AA, AC) were not significantly different. Moreover, we did not observe a statistically significant effect of the tested polymorphisms of either interleukin-8 or interleukin-18 genes on serum levels in diabetics. In conclusion, our study indicates that the examined polymorphisms of interleukin-8 (1633T/C, 251A/T) and interleukin-18 (-607C/A or the -137G/C) genes are not genetic risk factors for diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, they may not be used as genetic markers for diabetic retinopathy in Caucasians with type 2 diabetes.     

Interleukin-4 receptor alpha gene variants and allergic disease

The interleukin-4 (IL-4) signalling cascade has been identified as a pathway potentially important in the development of asthma. Genetic variants within this signalling pathway might contribute to the risk of developing asthma in a given individual. A number of polymorphisms have been described within the IL-4 receptor α (IL-4Rα) gene. In addition polymorphism occurs in the promoter for the IL-4 gene itself. This commentary accompanies a paper by C Oberet al describing the contribution of IL-4Rα polymorphism to susceptibility to asthma and atopy in the Hutterite population and other outbred populations collected during the collaborative studies on the genetics of asthma (CSGA) programme.