共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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代谢工程在芳香化合物生物合成研究中的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
生物技术和代谢工程的发展促进了生物合成研究。概述了近年来利用微生物莽草酸途径进行芳香化合物生物合成研究的现况、代谢工程在提高天然芳香化合物产量和扩大合成非天然产生的芳香化合物范围的应用的进展 ,特别是整体代谢工程对提高第二代工程菌产量的作用。指出了生物合成法是生产氨基酸及其它生物小分子如奎尼酸、维生素和抗生素等的未来趋势 ,在工业化生产中有着广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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紫杉醇生物合成途径及调控研究进展 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本文综述了紫杉醇的生物合成途径、代谢调控及基因工程方面的研究进展,总结了代谢调控与基因工程方法提高红豆杉属植物细胞培养紫杉醇合成量的研究状况,并在探讨生物合成途径理论的基础上,对紫杉醇生物合成的限速步骤进行了阐述,指出解决侧链合成的根速步骤问题会显著提高紫杉醇的生物合成量。 相似文献
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环烯醚萜类化合物广泛存在于自然界之中,是许多中藏药的主要药用成分。研究发现该类化合物具有许多药理活性,如抗炎镇痛作用、保护心血管作用、保肝作用等。结合近年国内外研究,对中藏药中环烯醚萜类生物合成途径及萜类前体、环烯醚萜骨架合成相关的关键酶(HMGR、DXS、DXR、HDR、IDI、GPPS、GES、G10H、10-HGO、IS)与编码基因的研究进行综述,以期为进一步挖掘基因功能,调控活性成分积累,提高药材品质,对中藏药中环烯醚萜类成分进一步开发利用奠定基础。 相似文献
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黄曲霉毒素生物合成途径调节基因在黄曲霉毒素产生过程中发挥十分重要的作用,它为绝大多数黄曲霉毒素合成相关基因的表达所必需。黄曲霉毒素生物合成途径调节基因的启动子中,含有若干真菌转录因子同源物的假定结合位点。AflR蛋白是黄曲霉毒素生物合成途径中的主要正性转录因子,它调节大多数黄曲霉毒素合成相关基因,也包括其自身基因的表达。 相似文献
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植物类萜生物合成途径及关键酶的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
萜类化合物是植物中广泛存在的一类代谢产物,在植物的生长、发育过程中起着重要的作用。植物中的萜类化合物有两条合成途径:甲羟戊酸途径和5-磷酸脱氧木酮糖/2C-甲基4-磷酸-4D-赤藓糖醇途径。这两条途径中都存在一系列调控萜类化合物生成、结构和功能各异的酶,其中关键酶的作用决定了下游萜类化合物的产量。植物类萜生物合成途径的调控以及该途径中关键酶的研究已成为目前国内外生物学领域的一大热点。综述了植物类萜生物合成途径和参与该途径的关键酶及其基因工程的研究进展,并展望了其应用前景。 相似文献
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There is great interest in chromosome- and pathway-based techniques for genomics data analysis in the current work in order to understand the mechanism of disease. However, there are few studies addressing the abilities of machine learning methods in incorporating pathway information for analyzing microarray data. In this paper, we identified the characteristic pathways by combining the classification error rates of out-of-bag (OOB) in random forests with pathways information. At each characteristic pathway, the correlation of gene expression was studied and the co-regulated gene patterns in different biological conditions were mined by Mining Attribute Profile (MAP) algorithm. The discovered co-regulated gene patterns were clustered by the average-linkage hierarchical clustering technique. The results showed that the expression of genes at the same characteristic pathway were approximate. Furthermore, two characteristic pathways were discovered to present co-regulated gene patterns in which one contained 108 patterns and the other contained one pattern. The results of cluster analysis showed that the smallest similarity coefficient of clusters was more than 0.623, which indicated that the co-regulated patterns in different biological conditions were more approximate at the same characteristic pathway. The methods discussed in this paper can provide additional insight into the study of microarray data. 相似文献
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阿维菌素的生物合成与途径工程 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
阿维菌素是一种高效安全的大环内酯杀虫杀螨剂。本文介绍了阿维菌素生物合成的步骤及参与合成步骤的有关酶系统和基因簇。对阿维菌素 8个组分合成的遗传控制基因 ,特别是对其中B1a组分合成的遗传控制位点进行讨论分析 ,并介绍了利用途径工程改造阿维链霉菌生产合成单一高效组分B1a和提高活性组分产量的研究进展。 相似文献
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The evolutionary properties of a metabolic network may be determined by the topology of the network. One attribute of pathways that make up the network is the number of enzymatic steps between initial substrates and final products. To determine the effect of pathway length on evolutionary lability of pathway structure, we examined amino acid biosynthetic pathways across 48 sequenced organisms. We demonstrate that longer pathways exhibit lower rates of change in pathway structure than shorter pathways. This finding suggests that increasing complexity may increase constraint on evolutionary change.
(Matthew T. Rutter and Rebecca A. Zufall) Both authors contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
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环孢菌素A的研究进展及应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
环孢菌素A是从真菌中提取的一种新型免疫抑制剂,可选择性作用于T细胞,抑制其活化,现主要应用于器官移植时的排斥反应。工业上多以真菌孢子为原料,发酵生产进而分离纯化的方法得到环孢菌素A,以D-丙氨酸作为底物,在丙氨酸消旋酶和环孢菌素合成酶的作用下,通过复杂的40步反应也可以合成环孢菌素A。 相似文献
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Magnus Bentinger 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2010,396(1):74-79
In addition to its role as a component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and our only lipid-soluble antioxidant synthesized endogenously, in recent years coenzyme Q (CoQ) has been found to have an increasing number of other important functions required for normal metabolic processes. A number of genetic mutations that reduce CoQ biosynthesis are associated with serious functional disturbances that can be eliminated by dietary administration of this lipid, making CoQ deficiencies the only mitochondrial diseases which can be successfully treated at present. In connection with certain other diseases associated with excessive oxidative stress, the level of CoQ is elevated as a protective response. Aging, certain experimental conditions and several human diseases reduce this level, resulting in serious metabolic disturbances. Since dietary uptake of this lipid is limited, up-regulation of its biosynthetic pathway is of considerable clinical interest. One approach for this purpose is administration of epoxidated all-trans polyisoprenoids, which enhance both CoQ biosynthesis and levels in experimental systems. 相似文献
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ZHU Xiang-Cheng HUFFMAN Justin GERBER Ryan LOU Li-Li XIE Yun-Xuan LIN Ting JORGENSON Joel MARESCH Andrew VOGELER Chad WANG Qiao-Mei SHEN Yue-Mao DU Liang-Cheng 《云南植物研究》2008,30(3):249-278
Polyketides are one of the largest groups of natural products produced by bacteria, fungi, and plants. Many of these metabolites have highly complex chemical structures and very important biological activities, including antibiotic, anticancer, immunosuppressant, and anti-cholesterol activities. In the past two decades, extensive investigations have been carried out to understand the molecular mechanisms for polyketide biosynthesis. These efforts have led to the development of various rational approaches toward engineered biosynthesis of new polyketides. More recently, the research efforts have shifted to the elucidation of the three-dimentional structure of the complex enzyme machineries for polyketide biosynthesis and to the exploitation of new sources for polyketide production, such as filamentous fungi and marine microorganisms. This review summarizes our general understanding of the biosynthetic mechanisms and the progress in engineered biosynthesis of polyketides. 相似文献