大熊猫急性剧烈腹胀的救治一例

本文首次报道了一例大熊猫患急件剧烈腹胀病症的发病经过、诊断和治疗措施。并对发病原因及预防措施等进行了分析和探讨。     

126例家族性甲状腺机能亢进患者分析

本文分析了126例家族甲状腺机能亢进患者发病情况,一级亲属发病99例（74.4%）,二级亲属26例（19.6%）,(6.0%)。其中一、二级亲属均发病者7例,故各级亲属发病总数为133例,符合一级亲属>二级亲属>三级亲属的发病规律。根据本组资料算得家族性甲亢遗传度为83%。此外,还分析了甲亢发病诱因,有诱因者占84.1%,其中家族、工作纠纷及工作紧张为主要诱因,占63.5%。     

126例家族性甲状腺机能亢进患者分析

本文分析了126例家族甲状腺机能亢进患者发病情况，一级亲属发病99例（74.4%），二级亲属26例（19.6%），(6.0%)。其中一、二级亲属均发病者7例，故各级亲属发病总数为133例，符合一级亲属>二级亲属>三级亲属的发病规律。根据本组资料算得家族性甲亢遗传度为83%。此外，还分析了甲亢发病诱因，有诱因者占84.1%，其中家族、工作纠纷及工作紧张为主要诱因，占63.5%。     

NONFH与脂质代谢紊乱

非创伤性股骨头坏死是多发于中青年的疑难骨病,其发病机制尚不明晰。脂质代谢紊乱被认为是该病发病的重要机制之一,基于该机制防治非创伤性股骨头坏死虽有了一定的进展,但仍处在研究探索中。本文将对脂质代谢紊乱在非创伤性股骨头坏死机制中的作用及基于该机制的防治进展做一综述,以期为该病发病机制研究及防治提供参考及借鉴。     

2011年河南省流行性腮腺炎流行特征分析

目的了解2011年河南省流行性腮腺炎发病水平及流行特点。方法对河南省2011年"疾病监测信息报告管理系统"的流行性腮腺炎病例资料进行分析。结果 2011年河南省共报告流行性腮腺炎20 572例,发病率为21.88/10万,发病率与2010年相比上升了35.33%,发病构成占2011年丙类传染病的16.57%,在河南省11种丙类传染病中居第3位。第一季度和第三季度发病数明显少于第二季度和第四季度,豫北豫西发病率高于豫南豫东,发病年龄以4～8岁儿童为主,发病性别男性高于女性,发病人群以学生和儿童为主。结论当前流行性腮腺炎仍然是严重危害河南省居民身体健康的重要公共卫生问题之一,建议当地政府及有关部门继续加强对流行性腮腺炎预防控制工作的投入和管理力度。     

闽西北桃小叶症病因诊断

通过对闽西北桃小叶症发病果园中健康植株及发病植株叶片及土壤的营养诊断,探明桃小叶症的发病原因系植株缺乏B、Ca所致。在排除农药污染因素后,桃小叶症主导病因为植株缺B,其次为缺Ca。     

抑郁症单胺类递质受体研究进展

目前认为,抑郁症的发病主要与单胺类递质有关,单胺类递质受体系统在抑郁症的发病及治疗过程中会发生明显变化,本文综述了5-羟色胺受体,肾上腺素受体和多巴胺受体在抑郁症发病机制中所起作用的研究进展。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病基因工程动物模型研究进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD,简称慢阻肺)是我国常见的高发病率和死亡率的慢性气道炎症性疾病,造成沉重社会经济负担。其发病与遗传及环境因素息息相关。动物模型是研究其发病机制、预防、治疗方案并鉴定潜在治疗靶点及生物标志物的重要工具。随着基因工程技术的发展和慢阻肺相关靶点及基因的不断发现,基因修饰动物模型越来越多地用于慢阻肺的研究。通过检索PubMed中已发表论文,分析了慢阻肺相关动物模型的动物种类及造模方法。然后通过文献检索及数据库挖掘等方法,分析了主要的慢阻肺易感基因及在不同物种中的区别。最后总结了慢阻肺基因工程小鼠和大鼠模型的信息和研究进展,供科研和临床人员参考使用,以便更好地开展慢阻肺的发病机制和防治方法的研究。     

细胞因子在类风湿关节炎发病机制中的作用

机体的免疫细胞和非免疫细胞合成和分泌的小分子多肽类因子统称为细胞因子。随着对类风湿关节炎（RA）的病因及发病机制的深入研究,发现细胞因子在RA发病过程中起重要作用。简要综述了细胞因子在RA发病中的促炎、抗炎作用,及细胞因子间的相互作用。     

脂肪组织纤维化的研究进展

脂肪组织纤维化是脂肪组织功能障碍的重要标志。胰岛素抵抗和能量代谢障碍与其密切相关。本文从肥胖症人群或动物模型脂肪组织的组成,脂肪纤维化的发病机制和影响进行综述。从低氧、炎症、PDGFR-α+CD9high脂肪祖细胞、基质钙粘蛋白-11等方面阐述了脂肪纤维化的发病机制,为深入研究脂肪组织纤维化发病机制及肥胖症的治疗提供新的方向。     

农牧结合生态工程的基本理论与实践

农牧结合生态工程是一个复杂的农业生态、经济和技术系统工程,它由植物(种植业)、动物(养殖业)和微生物(连接种养业)3个子系统组成,其关键是建设一个以"四、三、二、一"畜牧业生产模式为主要内容的高效节粮型畜牧生态工程,它要求用尽可能少的自然资源,在尽可能短的周期内,生产尽可能多而优的农(牧)产品,以获取尽可能高的经济效益,达到或维持尽可能最佳的生态平衡.     

Ethnobotany of Ghalegay, District Swat, Pakistan

Ethnobotanical study of plants revealed that the local community of Ghalegy, District Swat, invariably uses 126 species of 59 families for various purposes. Based on their traditional local uses, fifty-seven species （45.2%） were classifted as medicinal, forty-seven as fire wood （37.3 % ）, forty-five as forage （35.7 % ）, twenty-eight as honey bee species （22.2%）, twenty-seven as vegetable species （21.4%）, 25 as edible fruits （14 wild and llcultivated）, thirteen as timberwood （10.3%）, twelve as ornamental （9.5%）, eleven as furniture wood, ten as shelter and thatch makers （7.9%）, ten as fencing （7.9%）, five as poisonous （4%）, four as religious/superstitious species, three species used in making hand sticks and wooden tools （2.4%）, three as utensil cleaner species （2.4%）, three as evil repellent and one as fish poisoning species. The area is in plant resources and traditional knowledge but it needs ecological management for its sustainability.     

Ethnobotany of Ghalegay,District Swat,Pakistan*

Ethnobotanical study of plants revealed that the local community of Ghalegy, District Swat, invariably uses 126 species of 59 families for various purposes. Based on their traditional local uses, fifty- seven species ( 4512%) were classified as medicinal, forty-seven as fire wood ( 3713%) , forty- five as forage ( 3517%) , twenty- eight as honey bee species ( 2212%) , twenty- seven as vegetable species ( 2114%) , 25 as edible fruits ( 14 wild and 11cultivated) , thirteen as timber wood ( 1013%) , twelve as ornamental ( 91 5%) , eleven as furniture wood, ten as shelter and thatch makers ( 719%) , ten as fencing ( 719%) , five as poisonous ( 4%) , four as religiousPsuperstitious species, three species used in making hand sticks and wooden tools ( 21 4%) , three as utensil cleaner species ( 214%) , three as evil repellent and one as fish poisoning species. The area is in plant resources and traditional knowledge but it needs ecological management for its sustainability.     

An Improved Computational Prediction Model for Lysine Succinylation Sites Mapping on Homo sapiens by Fusing Three Sequence Encoding Schemes with the Random Forest Classifier

Background Lysine succinylation is one of the reversible protein post-translational modifications (PTMs), which regulate the structure and function of proteins. It plays a significant role in various cellular physiologies including some diseases of human as well as many other organisms. The accurate identification of succinylation site is essential to understand the various biological functions and drug development.Methods In this study, we developed an improved method to predict lysine succinylation sites mapping on Homo sapiens by the fusion of three encoding schemes such as binary, the composition of k-spaced amino acid pairs (CKSAAP) and amino acid composition (AAC) with the random forest (RF) classifier. The prediction performance of the proposed random forest (RF) based on the fusion model in a comparison of other candidates was investigated by using 20-fold cross-validation (CV) and two independent test datasets were collected from two different sources.Results The CV results showed that the proposed predictor achieves the highest scores of sensitivity (SN) as 0.800, specificity (SP) as 0.902, accuracy (ACC) as 0.919, Mathew correlation coefficient (MCC) as 0.766 and partial AUC (pAUC) as 0.163 at a false-positive rate (FPR) = 0.10 and area under the ROC curve (AUC) as 0.958. It achieved the highest performance scores of SN as 0.811, SP as 0.902, ACC as 0.891, MCC as 0.629 and pAUC as 0.139 and AUC as 0.921 for the independent test protein set-1 and SN as 0.772, SP as 0.901, ACC as 0.836, MCC as 0.677 and pAUC as 0.141 at FPR = 0.10 and AUC as 0.923 for the independent test protein set-2. It also outperformed all the other existing prediction models.Conclusion The prediction performances as discussed in this article recommend that the proposed method might be a useful and encouraging computational resource for lysine succinylation site prediction in the case of human population.     

孕烷X受体的研究进展

核受体是一类高度保守的配体依赖性转录因子家族,在哺乳动物发育、繁殖、免疫应答、心血管功能、组织生长、肿瘤形成、外源物清除及糖类和脂质代谢等生理过程中发挥重要作用。机体对外源物质的清除主要是由孕烷X受体等核受雄介导的。孕烷X受体最早是作为外源物感受器而被研究的,可以被大多数亲脂性药物等外源性化合物及一些内源性化合物如胆汁酸等结构差异很大的配体激活,进而与视黄醇类X受体等形成异源二聚体,结合在ER6、XREM等DNA元件上,调控下游靶基因（包括一相代谢酶、二相结合酶及药物转运体等基因）的表达。此外,孕烷X受体在能量代谢和免疫反应中也有重要作用,参与某些代谢疾病的发生发展,且已在动物模型中被证明是Ⅱ型糖尿病、血脂异常、肥胖症和动脉粥样硬化等代谢疾病治疗的有效靶标。我们主要就其发现、结构、组织分布、作用方式、自身表达的调节等方面的最新研究进行综述。     

Get a grip: Podosomes as potential players in phagocytosis

Podosomes have been known for several decades as micron-sized, F-actin-rich structures that play a pivotal role in cell migration and invasion, as they are able to mediate both cell-matrix attachment as well as extracellular matrix degradation. Particularly in monocytic cells, podosomes have been shown to fulfill a variety of additional functions such as sensing of substrate rigidity and topography, or cell-cell fusion. Increasing evidence now points to the involvement of podosome-like structures also during phagocytosis by immune cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils. Here, we compare the different cell models and experimental set ups where “phagocytic podosomes” have been described. We also discuss the composition and architecture of these structures, their potential involvement in mechanosensing and particle disruption, as well as the pros and cons for addressing them as bona fide podosomes.     

健康仔猪肠道乳杆菌黑龙江地方株的鉴定与种属分析

为了从健康仔猪肠道中分离筛选用于研制微生态制剂的乳酸杆菌菌株,选择黑龙江省大庆、哈尔滨及宝泉岭地区部分猪场,采集12-60日龄健康仔猪肠道粪样64份。选用MRS乳酸杆菌专用培养基分离培养乳酸杆菌,通过分离株的形态特征和培养特性筛选出革兰阳性,厌氧,无芽胞杆菌48株。再通过生化试验鉴定和PCR种属分析,确定18株为乳酸杆菌。其中,罗伊乳杆菌7株,嗜酸乳杆菌5株,约氏乳杆菌2株,短乳杆菌1株,干酪乳杆菌假植物亚种1株,植物乳杆菌1株,詹氏乳杆菌1株。     

Genetic networks regulated by ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 (AS1) and AS2 in leaf development in Arabidopsis thaliana: KNOX genes control five morphological events

The asymmetric leaves 1 ( as1 ) and as2 mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana exhibit pleiotropic phenotypes. Expression of a number of genes, including three class-1 KNOTTED -like homeobox ( KNOX ) genes ( BP , KNAT2 and KNAT6 ) and ETTIN / ARF3 , is enhanced in these mutants. In the present study, we attempted to identify the phenotypic features of as1 and as2 mutants that were generated by ectopic expression of KNOX genes, using multiple loss-of-function mutations of KNOX genes as well as as1 and as2 . Our results revealed that the ectopic expression of class-1 KNOX genes resulted in reductions in the sizes of leaves, reductions in the size of sepals and petals, the formation of a less prominent midvein, the repression of adventitious root formation and late flowering. Our results also revealed that the reduction in leaf size and late flowering were caused by the repression, by KNOX genes, of a gibberellin (GA) pathway in as1 and as2 plants. The formation of a less prominent midvein and the repression of adventitious root formation were not, however, related to the GA pathway. The asymmetric formation of leaf lobes, the lower complexity of higher-ordered veins, and the elevated frequency of adventitious shoot formation on leaves of as1 and as2 plants were not rescued by multiple mutations in KNOX genes. These features must, therefore, be controlled by other genes in which expression is enhanced in the as1 and as2 mutants.     

Splenic lesions: FNA findings in 48 cases

OBJECTIVE: To study fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytological findings of splenic lesions and assess the role of FNA in the diagnosis of splenomegaly or splenic tumours. METHODS: This study consisted of 48 cases, 25 males and 23 females. The ages ranged between 3 and 71 years. Most of these cases were aspirated under ultrasonographic guidance and a small number were also aspirated directly by using a 22- to 23-gauge needles. The smears were stained with Wright-Giemsa and Papanicolaou methods. Special stains were used whenever necessary. RESULTS: In this study 14 cases were diagnosed as lymphoma-leukaemia, 7 cases as tuberculosis, 12 cases as kala-azar, 2 cases as hydatid cyst, 3 cases as storage diseases, 3 cases as simple cyst, 2 cases as myeloproliferative disorders, 2 cases as malignant tumours and 3 cases as hamartomas (these were wrongly diagnosed as malignant tumours). CONCLUSION: Splenic aspiration is a safe procedure and is very useful in the diagnosis of parasitic and infectious diseases, especially in endemic countries like Iran.     

SLX4: multitasking to maintain genome stability

The SLX4/FANCP tumor suppressor has emerged as a key player in the maintenance of genome stability, making pivotal contributions to the repair of interstrand cross-links, homologous recombination, and in response to replication stress genome-wide as well as at specific loci such as common fragile sites and telomeres. SLX4 does so in part by acting as a scaffold that controls and coordinates the XPF–ERCC1, MUS81–EME1, and SLX1 structure-specific endonucleases in different DNA repair and recombination mechanisms. It also interacts with other important DNA repair and cell cycle control factors including MSH2, PLK1, TRF2, and TOPBP1 as well as with ubiquitin and SUMO. This review aims at providing an up-to-date and comprehensive view on the key functions that SLX4 fulfills to maintain genome stability as well as to highlight and discuss areas of uncertainty and emerging concepts.