子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤的临床应用价值

目的：研究子宫动脉栓塞术（UAE）治疗子宫肌瘤的安全性和临床应用价值,材料和方法：25例经临床,B超证实的子宫肌瘤患者,平均年龄43．5岁,主要临床表现为月经量增多21例,贫血16例,有压迫症状4例,选择性双侧子宫动脉插管造影,用聚己烯已醇海绵（PVA）颗粒栓塞该动脉。结果：UAE后第3,6个月随访,所有患者月经量均恢复正常,15例贫血,4例压迫症状者均缓解,第3,6个月B超复查子宫肌瘤体积分别缩小47．37％和51．31％,与UAE产比较有显著差异（P＜0．01）,缺血性盆腔疼痛（92％）是最常见的副反应,UAE后卵巢体积均无显著缩小（P＞0．05）,结论：介入性双侧子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤是一种微创,安全的手术,可保留子宫及其功能,其近期疗效显著,子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤具有重要的临床应用价值。     

子宫动脉栓塞术对剖宫产术后瘢痕部位妊娠的治疗价值

目的：随着剖宫产率的不断攀升,剖宫产术后瘢痕部位妊娠的发生率已日趋增多。本研究将探讨子宫动脉栓塞术对剖宫产术后瘢痕部位妊娠的治疗价值。方法：选择我院2009年03月至2013年03月剖宫产术后瘢痕部位妊娠的患者共28例,均行双侧子宫动脉栓塞治疗,收集其主要临床资料,包括术中出血量、血HCG下降情况、住院时间、住院费用、月经复潮时间及不良反应,并进行回顾性分析。结果：28例患者均治疗有效,24例患者栓塞治疗后行清宫术,术中出血量5-200（平均36．5±4．8）mL,另4例栓塞治疗后未行清宫术。平均住院时间为13．6±4．7天。28例血β-HCG于栓塞后7～38天降为正常,超声检查示子宫复旧的平均时间为20—36天,栓塞后28-44天月经复潮。结论：28例患者采用UAE联合MTX灌注化疗治疗后出血量少,恢复快,疗效显著。子宫动脉栓塞术能有效防止和控制出血,保留妇女生育功能,是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

Ultrasound characteristics of uterine myoma before and after uterine artery embolization

The diagnosis and treatment of uterine leiomyoma are topical problems of modern gynecology and radiodiagnosis. Organ-saving treatments for uterine myoma, one of which is uterine artery embolization, are gaining wide acceptance now. The objective of the study was to increase the informative value of ultrasound study to predict the uterine myoma after uterine artery embolization. One hundred uterine myoma patients aged 20 to 52 years were examined. Small pelvic Doppler ultrasonography was carried out in all the patients. The reduction of myomatous nodules was estimated after uterine artery embolization. The decrease in uterine myoma sizes was found to be due to the reduction in their vascularization and the occurrence of ischemia with degeneration in the myoma. Ultrasonography was found to be most accessible and informative in the prognostic and postoperative evaluation of the efficiency of X-ray endovascular treatment for uterine myoma.     

血清VEGF，IGF-1和CA125水平与子宫动脉栓塞术(UAE)治疗子宫腺肌症的相关性

目的:探讨血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)和CA125水平和子宫动脉栓塞术(UAE)治疗子宫腺肌症的之间的相关性。方法:选择接受子宫动脉栓塞术治疗的39例子宫腺肌症患者作为患者组,取同时期参加健康体检的30名健康者作为健康对照组。用ELISA法检测子宫腺肌症患者子宫动脉栓塞术前和术后不同时点血清VEGF、IGF-1、CA125的水平,评估子宫动脉栓塞术后的患者的疗效。结果:34例痛经患者术后1个月开始改善,最终29例完全缓解,有效率85.2%。患者组治疗前血清VEGF、IGF-1、CA125水平均显著高于健康对照组(P0.05)。子宫动脉栓塞术治疗后,患者组血清IGF-1、VEGF和CA125的水平与治疗前相比均显著降低,术后6月,恢复正常水平。结论:血清IGF-1、VEGF、CA125的变化可能在子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫腺肌症中作为疗效和预后评估指标。     

子宫动脉栓塞术在穿透性凶险性前置胎盘中的临床应用研究

目的:探讨子宫动脉栓塞术在穿透性凶险性前置胎盘中的临床应用效果。方法:选取2010年1月~2014年12月唐山市妇幼保健院收治的孕晩期穿透性凶险性前置胎盘患者36例,依据是否行子宫动脉栓塞术分为子宫动脉栓塞组20例和非子宫动脉栓塞组16例,比较两组患者的术中情况和临床结局。结果:子宫动脉栓塞组患者失血量、红细胞输血量、冷沉淀输血量均少于非子宫动脉栓塞组(P0.05)。两组患者血浆输血量和术后住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。子宫动脉栓塞组ICU入住率、子宫切除率、产后出血、DIC发生率均低于非子宫动脉栓塞组(P0.05)。两组患者的产褥感染率、失血性休克发生率、早产儿发生率以及新生儿轻度窒息率比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:子宫动脉栓塞术可以减少术中出血及术后并发症的发生率,改善穿透性凶险性前置胎盘的临床结局。     

子宫动脉栓塞术后并发血栓的临床病例分析和诊治探讨

目的:探讨剖宫产瘢痕妊娠(CSP)患者经子宫动脉栓塞术(UAE)后并发下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的临床病例的诊断治疗要点。方法:回顾性分析2014年-2016年我院收治的剖宫产瘢痕妊娠患者经子宫动脉栓塞术后并发下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)5例患者的临床特点及诊断、治疗方法。结果:2014年-2016年,我院CSP患者经UAE治疗后发生DVT的发病率为1.63%,患者平均年龄35.2岁。DVT临床症状出现于UAE术后3-6天,多表现为下肢的疼痛及酸胀,深静脉血栓均出现在介入穿刺处肢体。用彩色多普勒血流显像诊断深静脉血栓安全可靠。采用低分子肝素皮下注射抗凝治疗均取得较好效果。结论:剖宫产瘢痕妊娠患者经子宫动脉栓塞术治疗后有发生下肢深静脉血栓风险,DVT发生与穿刺处肢体制动,血管受压,血液回流障碍有关。手术前后应采取预防措施,低分子肝素钠抗凝对DVT治疗有效。     

子宫动脉栓塞术对于难治性子宫下段瘢痕妊娠的影响分析

目的:探讨子宫动脉栓塞术对于难治性子宫下段瘢痕妊娠的影响。方法:回顾性分析2009年8月至2013年4月经我院收治的85例难治性子宫下段瘢痕妊娠患者,其中41例行子宫动脉栓塞术治疗(观察组),44例行孕囊穿刺术治疗(对照组)。记录两组患者术中出血量、住院时间、转经时间、β-HCG下降至正常时间及激素水平,并比较两种治疗方法的效果。结果:观察组与对照组痊愈率分别为92.68%和90.91%,两组治疗效果比较无显著性差异(P0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组术中出血量显著降低、住院时间及β-HCG下降至正常时间均显著缩短(P0.05);但两组治疗前后激素水平变化比较无显著性差异(P0.05)。术后随访1-3个月,观察组患者转经时间为(32.18±11.46)d,显著低于对照组的(50.03±8.04)d,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:子宫动脉栓塞术有效性和安全性更高,与孕囊穿刺术比较能减少术中出血量,缩短住院时间、转经时间及β-HCG下降至正常时间。     

PVA颗粒与中药白芨栓塞犬子宫动脉的对比研究

目的:研究PVA微粒、中药白芨颗粒栓塞犬子宫动脉所引起的子宫病理变化,观察两者之间对子宫影响有无差别;探讨中药白芨作为血管栓塞剂的有效性、安全性及相关特性。方法:先结扎8例犬双侧子宫动脉,病理证实子宫组织无坏死。然后采用Seldinger技术,对16例犬进行选择性子宫动脉栓塞。分别向子宫动脉注入PVA微粒、中药白芨颗粒阻断供血,观察子宫病理变化。将病理结果予以定量,综合评价脏器损伤。结果:双侧子宫动脉栓塞后,各栓塞组之间样本均数两两比较,均为P>0.05,即三种处理对于子宫组织损伤无统计学差异。白芨主要栓塞末梢小动脉,栓塞牢靠,不易形成侧支循环,未出现细胞坏死。结论:选择上述栓塞剂,对子宫组织损伤效果一致,中药白芨颗粒具有良好的血管栓塞作用和载体特性,使用方便、安全,是一种较理想的末梢型血管栓塞剂。     

子宫动脉栓塞术与子宫切除术应用于胎盘因素所致严重产后出血产妇中的效果比较

摘要 目的：比较子宫动脉栓塞术与子宫切除术应用于胎盘因素所致严重产后出血产妇中的效果。方法：回顾性分析南京鼓楼医院集团宿迁医院和南京医科大学第二附属医院于2014年1月至2021年12月期间收治的86例胎盘因素所致严重产后出血产妇的临床资料,根据手术方式分为子宫切除组（34例）与介入组（52例）;其中子宫切除组采用子宫切除术治疗,介入组采用子宫动脉栓塞术治疗。比较两组止血效果、出血量、围术期相关临床指标（手术时间、术后首次下床活动时间、术后住院时间）、术后并发症发生情况、凝血功能要因子、女性性功能指数量表（FSFI）评分和生活质量评分量表（SF-36）评分。结果：两组出血量、止血有效率比较无差异（P＞0.05）;介入组手术时间、术后首次下床活动时间、术后住院时间均短于子宫切除组（P＜0.05）;两组均无严重并发症发生,在感染、伤口渗血、疼痛、阴道出血及恶心呕吐的发生率无差异（P＞0.05）;其中介入组未见栓塞综合征,且发热发生率低于子宫切除组（P＜0.05）;术后6个月,两组孕妇血清APTT,PT升高,FIB下降,且介入组的FIB短于子宫切除组,PT、APTT高于子宫切除组（P＜0.05）;介入组术后6个月的FSFI评分和SF-36评分均高于子宫切除组（P＜0.05）。结论：子宫动脉栓塞术与子宫切除术应用于胎盘因素所致严重产后出血产妇中的效果相当,前者在促进术后康复、改善凝血功能和提高性生活质量、生活质量上具有优势,值得进一步研究应用。     

子宫肌瘤动脉栓塞术改善子宫肌瘤患者预后与生活质量研究

目的:评估子宫肌瘤动脉栓塞术(UAE)改善子宫肌瘤患者预后与生活质量。方法:选取在我院介入科住院治疗的400例子宫肌瘤患者,记录患者的再干预率和出血有关的临床症状。将症状持续、恶化、症状复发和再干预定义为治疗失败(TF)。使用Kaplan-Meier分析计算成功治疗的累积率。运用Cox回归分析计算临床或形态学预测因子。评估患者生活质量和更年期的变化情况。结果:400例患者中,328例患者(82.0%)完成随访。共有54例TF,对其中46例进行了再干预治疗。Kaplan-Meier分析表明,5年后TF累积率为23.3%。Cox回归分析表明,与45岁以上女性相比,40岁以下女性更易发生TF(OR=2.29,95%CI:1.02-5.19,P=0.048)。非TF患者治疗后疾病相关生活质量显著改善(P0.001)。274例非TF患者中,有62(22.6%)例停经平均年龄为52岁。结论:UAE可以对83.5%的子宫肌瘤患者相关的症状予以长期控制,并使其生活正常化。与接近绝经期妇女相比,TF在年轻女性中的发生率更高。     

Superselective embolization of arterial bleeding as a late complication 3 months after nephron sparing surgery for renal cell carcinoma

To our knowledge, this is the first case of an arterial bleeding as a late complication 3 months after nephron sparing surgery of renal cell cancer, presumably originating from an arteriocalyceal fistula. Superselective embolization of the feeding arterial branch was chosen for treatment of the hemorrhage and proved successful. The high efficacy of superselective embolization as a minimally invasive procedure in this and other cases of bleeding Vessels should be the preferred method instead of open surgery.     

超选择子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤

目的探讨超选择子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的方法及疗效。方法子宫肌瘤65例采用Seldinger技术经皮股动脉插管至双侧髂内动脉,造影了解肿瘤的血供来源后,超选至两侧子宫动脉,缓慢注入平阳霉素碘油乳剂或PVA微粒栓塞治疗。结果患者症状缓解率为93．2％,月经增多,痛经,尿频、尿急,贫血等1-3个月内恢复正常。并发症：除栓塞综合征外,可见阴道不规则流血,腰腿痛,可自行恢复。治疗后3-6个月肌瘤缩小率在30％-68％之间。中短期疗效较稳定,末见复发。治疗前后性激素水平变化无明显差异。结论子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤操作简单安全,疗效好。超选择子宫动脉插管其分支栓塞,并发症少,具有较大的临床应用价值。     

介入栓塞治疗内脏动脉瘤的临床研究

目的:探讨介入血管腔内栓塞治疗内脏动脉瘤的方法、疗效及安全性。方法:选择内脏动脉瘤患者23例,包括脾动脉瘤13例,肝动脉瘤2例,胃十二指肠动脉瘤3例,肠系膜上动脉瘤4例,肾动脉瘤1例。其中,9例行远近端动脉栓塞术,4例采用支架辅助弹簧圈瘤体内填塞,3例采用弹簧圈瘤体内填塞加瘤体内注胶栓塞术,4例行弹簧圈瘤体内栓塞术,2例行分支动脉颗粒栓塞术,1例行单纯注胶栓塞术。术后1月、3月、6月行超声、CTA或血管造影复查,以后每年复查一次。结果:本组均成功行介入血管腔内栓塞治疗内脏动脉瘤,栓塞治疗后造影示动脉瘤体和/或载瘤动脉闭塞,动脉瘤体内无明显对比剂显影,脾动脉瘤栓塞患者有3例出现发热,脾区疼痛等脾梗塞症状,未见栓塞术相关严重并发症发生。4例消化道出血患者出血均停止。术后随访3~48个月,未见动脉瘤破裂出血、动脉瘤复发或增大,支架置入者,支架内及分支动脉血流均保持通畅。结论:介入血管腔内栓塞是一种治疗内脏动脉瘤的简便、微创、安全有效的方法。     

女性微创妇科手术中隐匿性子宫肉瘤的危险因素分析

为了确定影响子宫平滑肌肉瘤风险的因素,本研究采用回顾性病例对照研究,选择72例接受微创妇科手术治疗子宫肌瘤的妇女为研究对象,对平滑肌肉瘤(病例)的患者在年龄、手术年限和外科医生专业方面进行对照研究。妇科病理学家通过对病理学数据库中的病例进行鉴定,确诊平滑肌肉瘤或平滑肌瘤。通过计算平滑肌肉瘤的累积风险,并使用条件逻辑回归研究预测平滑肌肉瘤风险升高的因素。本研究中确诊了15名平滑肌肉瘤的患者,并与57名对照组进行对照,发现进行微创妇科手术后,病理诊断子宫平滑肌肉瘤的累积风险为0.19%(95%置信区间[CI],0.06%~0.56%)。多变量分析显示血细胞比容值<30%(校正比值比[aOR],20;95%CI,1.08~100;p=5.05)与子宫平滑肌肉瘤的诊断独立相关。增加的肌瘤大小(aOR,9.73;95%CI,0.75~1.26;p=5.08)和孤立性肌瘤(aOR,3.85;95%CI,0.65~25;p=5.14)与更大的子宫平滑肌肉瘤风险相关;但是差异没有统计学意义。本研究表明,贫血和肌瘤大小>7 cm可能与隐匿性平滑肌肉瘤相关;但是这些标准仍不具有足够的区分性以用于术前鉴别子宫肉瘤患者。     

Individual Management of Recurrent Intracranial Aneurysms: The Wuxi Experience

Recurrent intracranial aneurysms can occur after either surgical clipping or endovascular therapy. In this article, we present a consecutive series of 18 patients who underwent individual treatment for recurrent aneurysms after primary coil embolization or surgical clipping. During an 8-year period between May 1997 and December 2005, 18 patients underwent individual treatment for recurrent aneurysms. Clinical data and imaging studies of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. Out of the 18 patients, 13 had recurrent aneurysms located in the anterior circulation, and 5 had aneurysms of the posterior circulation. Treatment consisted of coiling in 16 patients and clipping in two patients. Of the 18 patients, 15 achieved a good or excellent recovery, two were paralyzed, and one died post-treatment. Both the surgical clipping and endovascular embolization for the treatment of recurrent intracranial aneurysms can achieve very good radiological results with low mortality rates. One of the key points for the successful treatment of this kind of lesions is the proper, individual, and interdisciplinary patient selection.     

综合手术救治方舱内采用不同栓塞材料救治脾破裂的对比研究

目的：探讨在战争或自然灾害等野战条件下,使用综合手术介入方舱,现场对脾脏实施快速微创介入栓塞的可行性及效果,对比分析综合手术救治方舱内采用不同栓塞材料介入救治脾破裂的适应症及有效性、安全性。方法：采用Seldinger技术,经股动脉插管至脾动脉,行数字减影血管造影术（DSA）,显示出血动脉,然后超选择插管至该动脉,经导管注入不同类型栓塞剂以栓塞出血动脉。术后观察不同栓塞剂成功封堵受损血管所用时间,封堵时造影剂用量,封堵效果。结果：手术均成功,止血效果确切,无严重并发症。术后观察2周动物无死亡。结论：综合手术救治方舱具有良好的机动性和较强的自然环境适应能力,灾难现场应用综合手术救治方舱开展血管损伤应急介入救治具有可行性。根据血管损伤的不同类型,恰当选择不同类型的栓塞剂,可以取得很好的疗效。     

Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in the first half of pregnancy, uterine and umbilical artery blood flow, and foetal growth: a longitudinal Doppler ultrasound study

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: During early pregnancy, the placenta develops to meet the metabolic demands of the foetus. The objective of this analysis was to examine the effect of malaria parasitaemia prior to 20 weeks' gestation on subsequent changes in uterine and umbilical artery blood flow and intrauterine growth restriction. METHODS: Data were analysed from 548 antenatal visits after 20 weeks' gestation of 128 women, which included foetal biometric measures and interrogation of uterine and umbilical artery blood flow. Linear mixed effect models estimated the effect of early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia on uterine and umbilical artery resistance indices. Log-binomial models with generalized estimating equations estimated the effect of early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia on the risk of intrauterine growth restriction. RESULTS: There were differential effects of early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia on uterine artery resistance by nutritional status, with decreased uterine artery resistance among nourished women with early pregnancy malaria and increased uterine artery resistance among undernourished women with early pregnancy malaria. Among primigravidae, early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia decreased umbilical artery resistance in the late third trimester, likely reflecting adaptive villous angiogenesis. In fully adjusted models, primigravidae with early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia had 3.6 times the risk of subsequent intrauterine growth restriction (95% CI: 2.1, 6.2) compared to the referent group of multigravidae with no early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia. CONCLUSIONS: Early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia affects uterine and umbilical artery blood flow, possibly due to alterations in placentation and angiogenesis, respectively. Among primigravidae, early pregnancy malaria parasitaemia increases the risk of intrauterine growth restriction. The findings support the initiation of malaria parasitaemia prevention and control efforts earlier in pregnancy.     

Acute embolization of the uteroplacental circulation: uterine blood flow and placental CO diffusing capacity

In an effort to determine to what extent the fetal sequalae following repeated embolization result from decreased area of placental exchange or from decreased uterine blood flow, we injected microspheres into the uterine circulation of the pregnant ewe. We measured total UBF continuously and sampled fetal blood gases in 6 chronically instrumented ewes following repeated injections of 1 to 2 million 25 mu microspheres into the common internal iliac artery at 30 min intervals. Embolization resulted in an immediate 25 to 30% drop in uterine flow, with partial recovery to about 85% of its control value within 30 min after injection. A linear relation existed between uterine blood flow and fetal O2 tension. A slightly accelerated decrease in O2 content with a more rapid increase in CO2 tension and [H+] was seen when uterine flow decreased below 150 ml X min-1 X kg fetal wt-1. Following repeated injections fetal descending aortic O2 tension and content decreased 34 and 82% respectively, while PCO2 and [H+] increased 28 and 84% respectively. Placental diffusing capacity for CO increased 117% after repeated embolization. Most of this increase could be accounted for by the fetal hypoxia and acidosis, although some of it may have resulted from distension or recruitment of vessels in the placental exchange area, or a more uniform distribution of placental blood flows. These studies suggest that the acute changes in fetal blood gas values following embolization result from a reduction in blood flow rather than from a reduced placental exchange area.     

Application of Detergents or High Hydrostatic Pressure as Decellularization Processes in Uterine Tissues and Their Subsequent Effects on In Vivo Uterine Regeneration in Murine Models

Infertility caused by ovarian or tubal problems can be treated using In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer (IVF-ET); however, this is not possible for women with uterine loss and malformations that require uterine reconstruction for the treatment of their infertility. In this study, we are the first to report the usefulness of decellularized matrices as a scaffold for uterine reconstruction. Uterine tissues were extracted from Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and decellularized using either sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) at optimized conditions. Histological staining and quantitative analysis showed that both SDS and HHP methods effectively removed cells from the tissues with, specifically, a significant reduction of DNA contents for HHP constructs. HHP constructs highly retained the collagen content, the main component of extracellular matrices in uterine tissue, compared to SDS constructs and had similar content levels of collagen to the native tissue. The mechanical strength of the HHP constructs was similar to that of the native tissue, while that of the SDS constructs was significantly elevated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed no apparent denaturation of collagen fibers in the HHP constructs compared to the SDS constructs. Transplantation of the decellularized tissues into rat uteri revealed the successful regeneration of the uterine tissues with a 3-layer structure 30 days after the transplantation. Moreover, a lot of epithelial gland tissue and Ki67 positive cells were detected. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that the regenerated tissues have a normal response to ovarian hormone for pregnancy. The subsequent pregnancy test after 30 days transplantation revealed successful pregnancy for both the SDS and HHP groups. These findings indicate that the decellularized matrix from the uterine tissue can be a potential scaffold for uterine regeneration.     

Cervical disease in women referred to colposcopy following inadequate smears

The aim of this audit was to determine if inadequate cervical smears are associated with significant cervical pathology. Case records for 52 women with three consecutive inadequate smears referred for colposcopy to the Leicester Royal Infirmary (LRI) were retrieved. Sixteen women underwent large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) was identified in six cases. There were no cases of inadequate smears initiating the diagnosis in 100 consecutive women with invasive cervical cancer. Inadequate smears are associated with high rates of treatment for a low yield of CIN. To reduce morbidity associated with colposcopy it may be acceptable to repeat an inadequate smear after 6 months rather than arranging immediate recall.