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1.
Asma Ben Ghnaya Gilbert Charles Michel Branchard 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2008,92(1):25-30
The present work describes a procedure that allows for the easy and rapid induction of caulogenesis in four cultivars of Brassica napus L. from transversal Thin Cell Layers (tTCLs). In order to investigate the regeneration ability of this crop, the effects
of genotype, explant source and culture medium were examined on shoot regeneration. The tTCL explants were excised from hypocotyl
and petiole of 2-week-old seedlings and cultured on a solid basal MS medium supplemented with α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA:
0.1–0.4 mg l−1), 6-benzylamino-purine (BAP: 1–4 mg l−1) and sucrose (20–40 g l−1). A significant genotypic effect was observed between the four cvs; Jumbo and Drakkar displayed higher capacities to produce
shoots than Pactol and Cossair. Regeneration commenced earlier and the percentage of shoot-producing explants as well as the
number of shoots per regenerating explant was greater. The comparison between the regeneration ability of different explants
showed that the hypocotyls exhibited a high rate of shoot organogenesis when they were cultured on MS medium supplemented
with 3 mg l−1 BAP, 0.3 mg l−1 NAA and 30 g l−1 sucrose. Adventitious shoot buds developed from 46% of the tTCLs, with a mean of 7.5 buds. Furthermore, the method was fast
with shoot formation occurring by 7 days culture. Plantlets regenerated from all shoots and developed normally. The regenerated
plants were fertile and identical to source plants. 相似文献
2.
V. Chalupa 《Biologia Plantarum》1989,31(5):400-407
Shoot multiplication of Larixdecidua was achieved using axillary and adventitious buds. The formation of axillary buds was stimulated on shoot tips soaked in
a cytokinin solution (BAP 10-50 mg 1−1 for 2–4 h. Adventitious buds were induced on cotyledons, needles and vegetative buds cultured on WPM or QL medium supplemented
with cytokinin (BAP 1–3 mg 1−1). The shoot formation from induced axillary and adventitious buds was promoted on WPM or QL medium containing a low concentration
of auxin (IBA 0.1 mg 1−1). Shoot multiplication of Pinussylvestris was stimulated on WPM, MS, and QL media supplemented with a low concentration of cytokinin (BAP 0.2 mg 1−1) and auxin (IBA 0.1 mg 1−1). Shoot segments produced 2–5 new axillary shoots within 4–5 weeks. Root initiation was stimulated on larch and pine shoots
cultured first on WPM supplemented with auxins (NAA and IBA) and later transferred to auxin-free medium. 相似文献
3.
Stem internodes with axillary buds were excised from 5-year old trees ofFicus benjamina cv. Exotica. The effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), gibberellic acid (GA3), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on shoot growth and
proliferationin vitro was investigated. Multiple shoots were developed after 3–4 weeks from stem internodes with axillary buds incubated in Murashige
and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with phloroglucinol (PG) and BAP. Optimum shoot proliferation took place in the presence
of 1.0 mg l−1 BAP. Shoots obtained could be elongated in a medium with 0.5 mg l−1 GA3 prior to their rooting. The root initiation was successfully induced on MS medium either with IAA at 0.5–0.1 mg l−1 or in plant growth regulator-free medium. All rooted plantlets were subsequently transferred to a peat, humus and perlite
mixture in a culture room with high humidity and covered with plastic bags. After one month the plantlets were established
for growing in a greenhouse.
Communicated by J. TUPY 相似文献
4.
A protocol was developed for plant regeneration of Melia azedarach L. by in vitro culture of apical meristem (0.5 mm in length). The influence of six clones was investigated. The culture procedure comprised
two sequential steps: 1) Induction of shoots by in vitro culture of axillary buds from adult trees (10–15 years old) by culture on Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium (MS) supplemented
with 0.5 mg·dm−3 BAP (6-benzylaminopurine), 0.1 mg·dm−3 IBA (indolebutyric acid), and 0.1 mg·dm−3 GA3 (gibberellic acid). The Multiplication of the regenerated shoots was achieved in MS + 0.5 mg·dm−3 BAP + 0.1 mg·dm−3 GA3. 2) In vitro culture of the apical meristems from the regenerated shoots in MS medium (0.7 %) supplemented with various combinations of
BAP and IBA.
Maximum shoot proliferation was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg·dm−3 BAP and 0.1 mg·dm−3 IBA.
Regenerated shoots were rooted on MS + 3.5 mg·dm−3 IBA (4 days) followed by subculture on MS lacking growth regulators (30 days). Complete plants were transferred to soil. 相似文献
5.
In vitro propagation of northern red oak (Quercus rubra) shoots was successful from cotyledonary node explants excised from 8-wk-old in vitro grown seedlings. Initially, four shoots per explant were obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4.4 μM
6-benzylaminopurine (BA), 0.45 μM thidiazuron (TDZ), and 500 mg l−1 casein hydrolysate (CH) with a regeneration frequency of 64.7% after 3 wk. Subculturing explants (after harvesting shoots)
to fresh treatment medium significantly increased shoot bud regeneration (16.6 buds per explant), but the buds failed to develop
into shoots. A higher percentage (73.3%) of the explants regenerated four shoots per explant on woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented
with 4.4 μM BA, 0.29 μM gibberellic acid (GA3), and 500 mg l−1 CH after 3 wk. Explants subcultured to fresh treatment medium after harvesting shoots significantly increased shoot regeneration
(16 shoots per explant). Shoot elongation was achieved (4 cm) when shoots were excised and cultured on WPM supplemented with
0.44 μM BA and 0.29 μM GA3. In vitro regenerated shoots were rooted on WPM supplemented with 4.9 μM indole-3-butyric acid. A higher percentage regeneration response
and shoot numbers per explant were recorded on WPM supplemented with BA and GA3, than on MS medium containing BA and TDZ. Lower concentrations of BA and GA3 were required for shoot elongation and prevention of shoot tip necrosis. Each cotyledonary node yielded approximately 20
shoots within 12 wk. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized. 相似文献
6.
The hypocotyls, cotyledons, leaf blades, whole leaves and petioles of seedlings ofAilanthus altissima are capable of producing callus and budsin vitro. Buds and callus were also obtained from whole leaves and internodes of 2-years old plantlets grownin vitro. From the calli buds differentiated and later, both from buds developing directly without a callus phase and alsovia a callus phase, well developed shoots were formed. The cultures were mainained on MS medium in 2 combinations: A) IAA - 0.2
mg 1−1, BAP - 1 mg 1−1, GA3 - 0.5 mg 1−1, thiamine - 4 mg 1−1 and sucrose 3 %; B) BAP - 0.5 mg 1−1, IAA - 1 mg 1−1, casein hydrolysate 400 mg 1−1, thiamine 4 mg 1−1 and sucrose 3 %. Excised shoots, which had developedde novo in culture, produced roots when incubated on the basic mineral medium of MS with the addition of IAA. The regenerative potential
ofA. altissima is very high and this woody species seems to be an ideal object for various morphogenetic studies. 相似文献
7.
Callus cultures of Prosopis tamarugo Phil (Leguminosae, Sub family-Mimosoideae) were established from hypocotyls and cotyledons on MS medium supplemented with NAA (2.0 mg l-1) and BAP (0.2 mg l-1). Regeneration through various juvenile explants was obtained on hormone-free and high cytokinin containing Murashige and Skoog's medium. Multiple shoot buds formation was observed from the embryonic axis on MS medium incorporated with BAP (5.0 mg l-1)). Elongation of shoot buds was observed on subsequent transfer to MS medium with BAP (1.0–2.5 mg l-1) or without BAP. Explants containing apical meristem showed higher number of shoot formation at an early period. De novo shoot buds formation through callus morphogenesis was observed at the base of differentiated shoots on high cytokinin containing medium. All the manipulations of salt strength of MS, nitrogen, carbon, ascorbic acid and polyamines failed to induce organogenesis in isolated callus. In vitro produced shoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with IBA or NAA singly or in combination.Abbreviations HC
high cytokinin (BAP 5.0 mg l-1)
- BAP
6-benzyl amino purine
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- HF
hormone free
- NAA
I-naphthalene acetic acid
- MS
Murashige & Skoog 相似文献
8.
A reproducible protocol has been developed for high frequency plant regeneration from immature embryos of Argyrolobium roseum Jaub & Spach, an important medicinal legume. Green nodular calli were initiated from immature embryos excised from 10-d-old
pods in 70 % of cultures within 3 weeks when grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg dm−3 benzylaminopurine (BAP) + 0.25 mg dm−3 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Subsequent transfer of 5 mm2 callus pieces to MS medium supplemented with BAP (0.5 mg dm−3) alone or in combination with IAA (0.25 mg dm−3) facilitated regeneration of multiple shoots. Organogenic calli bearing multiple shoots when transferred to MS medium supplemented
with BAP (0.5 mg dm−3) + IAA (0.25 mg dm−3) supported rapid shoot elongation. Shoot propagules subcultured to Gamborg's medium (B5) with 0.5 mg dm−3 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) rooted with 80 % frequency and developed into phenotypically normal plants. Plantlets were successfully
acclimatized in a sterile mixture of sand and garden soil (1:1) under greenhouse and thereafter transferred to field beds. 相似文献
9.
R. K. Sinha K. Majumdar S. Sinha 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2000,36(5):370-373
Summary Petiolar and distal cotyledonary segments (PCS and DCS) of Albizia chinensis were cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS; 1962) medium and induced to form adventitious shoot buds in the presence of either
cytokinins 6-benzylamino purine (BAP), kinetin (KN) or thidiazuron (TDZ). Superiority of BAP in inducing shoot bud and differentiation
was observed. PCS was more morphogenic to shoot bud differentiation than DCS. TDZ was highly effective in inducing shoot buds,
but arrested shoot growth, while KN produced more callus during differentiation of shoots. Rapid and high rate of shoot multiplication
per explant was achieved through subculture in MS medium containing BAP (1.0 mg l−1) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0.5 mg l−1). BAP at low concentration was required to enhance shoot multiplication and elongation. Successful rooting of regenerated
shoots was carried out in a two-step culture procedure in MS media with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (2.0 mg l−1) and subsequent subculture in IBA-free medium. 相似文献
10.
Rapid multiple shoot production from cotyledonary node explants of pea (Pisum sativum L.) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jennifer A. Jackson Shaun L. A. Hobbs 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1990,26(8):835-838
Summary Multiple shoots were produced, from cotyledonary node explants of pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultured on MS medium containing 1 mg 1−1 BAP. The number of buds formed could be increased by scraping the nodes before culture or by increasing the cytokinin concentation.
However, cytokinin levels over 5 mg 1−1 increasingly produced shoots that were vitrified and dificult to root. With all the genotypes tested, developing buds were
visibile as soon as 5 days after culture and elongated shoots could be removed after 21 days., Histological studies indicated,
that the buds and shoots were formed from superficial layers of tissue. The efficiency of this regeneration system compared
favorably with previosly published methods. The rapid, genotype-independent, high frequency system described here may be of
use in the production of transgenic pea plants. 相似文献
11.
Seeds of Citrus reticulata were germinated efficiently when they were sown directly after their extraction from fruits harvested in January, and incubated
at constant temperature (25 °C). Seed drying decreased both the percentage of seed germination and the number of seedling
per seed. Germination of seeds was better on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg dm−3 benzylaminopurine (BAP) than in a soil. Shoot cuttings obtained from germinated seeds were subcultured on B5 medium supplemented
with 1 mg dm−3 BAP, 0.5 mg dm−3 kinetin (KIN) and 0.5 mg dm−3 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), where shoots grew and multiplied. They were rooted on half strength MS medium supplemented
with 0.25 mg dm−3 BAP, 0.5 mg dm−3 NAA and 1 mg dm−3 isobutyric acid (IBA). Rooting under light was better than under dark. Seedlings and shoot cuttings with roots were transferred
successfully to the soil after three weeks of acclimatization.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
12.
A highly efficient protocol for plant regeneration from cotyledonary node of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars ICCV-10 and Annigeri used phenylacetic acid (PAA). The Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.0
mg dm−3 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1.0 mg dm−3 PAA was used for induction of bud formation. Buds were elongated on MS medium supplemented either with only 0.75 mg dm−3 gibberellic acid (GA3) or 0.2 mg dm−3 GA3 + 0.6 mg dm−3 PAA. The elongated shoots were then transferred onto rooting medium containing 1 mg dm−3 PAA. The frequency of multiple shoot induction and rooting was higher in Annigeri as compared to ICCV-10. The complete plantlets
with well-developed roots were transferred to pots containing sterilized soil and sand in the ratio 3:1 where they survived
(74 %) and set normal seeds. 相似文献
13.
Kulkarni Anjali A. Thengane S.R. Krishnamurthy K.V. 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2000,62(3):203-209
In vitro studies were initiated with Withania somnifera (L.) Dun. for rapid micropropagation of selected chemotypes using nodes, internodes, hypocotyls and embryo explants. Direct
regeneration of shoot buds was observed in MS basal medium supplemented with various concentrations of either benzyladenine
(BA) or thidiazouron (TDZ) depending on the explant. Nodal explants formed multiple shoots both from pre-existing and de novo buds on Murashige and Skoog's medium (MS) containing 0.1–5.0 mg l−1 BA and a ring of de novo shoot buds on MS medium containing 0.2 and 0.3 mg l−1 TDZ. Internodal explants formed shoot buds on MS with 1.0 and 5.0 mg l−1 BA while the hypocotyl explants gave rise to multiple shoots only on MS with 0.5 mg l−1 BA. Isolated embryos gave rise to many shoot buds on MS with 0.2 and 0.3 mg l−1 TDZ. The shoot buds elongated and rooted either on MS medium with 0.01 mg l−1 BA or on half strength MS medium lacking growth regulators, which depended upon the growth regulator used in the shoot bud
induction medium. Except for the embryo-derived plantlets, all other plantlets could be acclimatized with 100% success.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
Buhara Yucesan Arzu Ucar Turker Ekrem Gurel 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2007,91(3):243-250
A very efficient and rapid regeneration system via multiple shoot formation was developed for Cichorium intybus L. when leaf explants excised from sterile seedlings were cultured on medium supplemented with different concentrations and
combinations of various plant growth regulators. In a comparison of leaf lamina and petiole explants, lamina explants produced
over three times more shoots than petiole explants, with a mean of 7.5 shoots compared to 2.4. Of the combinations of KIN/IAA,
KIN/NAA, BAP/IAA, or BAP/NAA, 0.5 mg l−1 KIN combined with 0.3 mg l−1 IAA was the most effective, producing a mean of 19.7 shoots per lamina explant while the control treatment involving no plant
growth regulators produced no shoots at all. When either cytokinin was used alone, BAP was found nearly twice more successful
than KIN. However, the most effective treatment of all was the combination of 0.01 mg l−1 TDZ and 1.0 mg l−1 IAA, producing as many as 35.8 shoots per lamina explant. This rate of shoot regeneration is remarkably higher than those
previously reported for C. intybus, most likely due to the highly inductive effect of TDZ, which was tested for the first time in this species. Rooting of the
shoots was readily achieved on medium containing different concentrations of IAA or IBA. IAA was more effective than IBA and
resulted in the highest frequency of shoots that rooted (100%) and mean number of roots per shoot (4.2) when used at 0.5 mg l−1. Hardening off process resulted in a production of more than 80% healthy plantlets. 相似文献
15.
Plant regeneration from mesophyll protoplasts of pepper,Capsicum annuum
L. cv. California Wonder has been demonstrated via shoot organogenesis. Protoplasts isolated from fully expanded leaves of
3-week-old axenic shoots when cultured in TM medium supplemented with 1 mg l
−1
NAA, 1 mg l
−1
2,4-D, 0 5 mg l
−1
BAP (CM 1) resulted in divisions with a frequency ranging from 20–25 %. Antioxidant ascorbic acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone
(PVP) in the medium and incubation in the dark helped overcome browning of protoplasts. Microcalli and macrocalli were formed
in TM medium containing 2 mg l
−1
NAA and 0.5 mg l
−1
BAP (CM II) and MS gelled medium containing 2 mg 1
−1
NAA and 0 5 mg 1
−1
BAP (CM III), respectively. Regeneration of plantlets was possible via caulogenesis. Microshoots, 2–5 percallus appeared on
MS gelled medium enriched with 0.5 mg l
−1
IAA, 2mg l
−1
GA and l0mg l
−1
BAP (CM IVc). Rooting of microshoots was obtained on half strength gelled medium containing 1 mg l
−1
NAA and 0.5mg l
−1
BAP. Protoplasts isolated from cotyledons failed to divide and degenerated eventually. 相似文献
16.
Abu Ashfaqur Sajib Md. Shahidul Islam Md. Shamim Reza Arpita Bhowmik Layla Fatema Haseena Khan 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2008,93(3):333-340
An efficient microprogation protocol has been developed for Dendrobium
densiflorum Lindl. ex Wall., a traditional medicinal plant, through protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) from nodal stem segments using 6-benzylamino-purine
(BAP) and the lanthanoid neodymium. The highest percentage of explants producing PLBs (72%), with an average of 15 PLBs per
explant, was induced by culturing stem segments on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 5.0 mg l−1 BAP. The newly formed PLBs proliferated well on the basal MS medium and completely converted into shoots on MS medium containing
2.0 mg l−1 BAP. Shoots produced an average of 22 roots per plantlet when cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg l−1 neodymium nitrate. Healthy plantlets with well-developed roots were successfully acclimatized. The obtained result suggests
that the lanthanoids can be used to effectively initiate rooting in the micropropagation and conservation of D. densiflorum. 相似文献
17.
Sergio J. Ochatt 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1993,33(3):315-320
Strategies were developed for the successful isolation of large numbers of highly viable protoplasts from the leaves, stems
and roots of axenic plants of the hybrid ornamental shrubWeigela ×florida cv Bristol Ruby. Protoplasts, of all sources, were cultured on different media, leading to the establishment of sustained
divisions, and coupled with the production of multi-celled (>50 cells) colonies. However, those colonies derived from mesophyll
protoplasts only were capable of a further proliferation to the callus stage. Upon transfer to a regeneration medium consisting
of MS salts and organics plus a range of concentrations of NAA and BAP, such calli underwent caulogenesis, with optimum responses
for a medium with 1.0 mg l−1 NAA and 1.0 mg l−1 BAP. The protoplast-derived shoots thus obtained were multiplied on MS medium with 0.1 mg l−1 IBA, 0.5 mg l−1 BAP and 0.1 mg l−1 GA3. Individual shoots were subsequently rooted on a half-strength MS medium plus 3.0 mg l−1 IBA, and complete protoplast-derived plants were finally transferred to the glasshouse for acclimatization. 相似文献
18.
Summary An efficient and reproducible protocol for mass propagation of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk, an important medicinal plant, was standardized by culturing shoot tips and nodal segments taken from in vitro raised plants. Maximum shoot proliferation occurred when the explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented
with 1 mg l−1 benzylaminopurine (BAP). The shoot buds formed were further multiplied and maintained on medium containing BAP (0.5 mgl−1) and gibberellic acid (0.5 mgl−1). Rooting was best achieved on MS medium supplement with 1 mg−1 indole-3-butyric acid. Rooted plantlets attained maturity and flowered normally in the field. 相似文献
19.
Dilip K. Das Prasanna Bhomkar N. Shiva Prakash Neera Bhalla-Sarin 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2002,38(5):456-459
Summary A very rapid and efficient regeneration method of Vigna mungo L. has been established using liquid culture. A highly regenerable explant, viz., young multiple shoots obtained by germinating
the seeds in 2 mgl−1 (8.9μM) N6-benzyladenine-supplemented Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, was used as a source of tissue to initiate the liquid culture.
The liquid medium consisted of half-strength B5 or MS salts supplemented with MS organics, α-naphthaleneacetic acid (0.1 mgl−1, 0.54μM) and N6-benzyladenine (0.5mgl−1, 2.2μM). Transferring the growing tissues to fresh medium every third day resulted in ca. 142% increase in the number of shoot buds produced after 24d. Shoot buds elongated on one-third-strength MS (MS1/3) semisolid medium and plantlets were obtained by transferring the shoots onto MS1/3 semisolid medium supplemented with indolebutyric acid (1 mgl−1, 4.9 μM). 相似文献
20.
Mingxi Liu Jing Yang Shaoyun Lu Zhenfei Guo Xiping Lin Hong Wu 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2008,44(2):100-104
Centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides [Munro] Hack.) is an important warm-season turfgrass and pasture grass. To explore the potential use of biotechnical tools
in breeding of centipedegrass, we established an efficient plant regeneration system for this species. Four basal media and
24 combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-benzyladenine (BAP) were examined for their effects on callus
induction from mature seed explants. Twenty combinations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and BAP were tested for their effect
on plant regeneration. Results indicated that Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with 4.5 mg l−1 2,4-D and 1 mg l−1 BAP was the best medium for callus induction, while the combination of 2 mg l−1 BAP and 1 mg l−1 NAA induced the highest rate of regeneration and development of shoots and roots. This work provides a basis for the breeding
of centipedegrass through somaclonal variation and genetic transformation. 相似文献