中国叉草蛉属三新种记述(脉翅目,草蛉科)

记述了草蛉科Chrysopidae叉草蛉属Dichochrysa 3新种.1窄带叉草蛉,新种Dichochrysa angustivittata sp.nov.正模♂,江西上饶,1978-05-30,杨集昆采(存中国农业大学昆虫标本室).新种与Dichochrysa kiangsuensis(Navas,1934)相似,但后者颜面无斑,胸背两侧黄褐色,前翅所有的横脉黑褐色,雄性外生殖器也与新种有较大差异.2脊背叉草蛉,新种Dichochrysa carinata sp.nov.正模♂,陕西宁陕火地塘,1 580 m,1998-07-14,袁德成采(存中国科学院动物研究所昆虫标本室).新种与其相似种Dichochrysa prasina(Burmeister,1839)的差别:后者触角之间具中斑,颊斑小;胸背淡绿色,具浅褐色斑点;径横脉、Rs脉的基部及分支脉的部分或全部以及阶脉都为黑色;雄性外生殖器与新种较为相似,但在殖弧叶两侧端部的宽窄、殖弧梁的形状等方面有明显区别.3芒康叉草蛉,新种Dichochrysa mangkangensis sp.nov.正模♂,西藏芒康盐井,1976-06-05,韩寅恒采(存中国科学院动物研究所昆虫标本室).新种与Dichochrysa yuxianensis(Bian et Li,1992)相似,但后者颜面有2对角下斑,颚唇须黑褐色,前胸背板绿色;伪阳茎、内突和殖下片也与新种有较大差异.     

中国意草蛉属二新种(脉翅目,草蛉科,草蛉亚科)

记述了中国意草蛉属2新种:晕翅意草蛉Italochrysa psaroala sp.nov.和黄意草蛉Italochrysa xanthosoma sp.nov.。新种模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆(IZCAS)和中国农业大学昆虫标本馆(CAU)。     

草蛉科四新种(脉翅目)

本文所报道的是草蛉科(Chrysopidae)4新种,隶属于草蛉亚科 Chrysopinae 璃草蛉属 Glenochrysa、波草蛉属 Plesiochrysa、饰草蛉属 Semachrysa和替草蛉属 Tjederina。其中替草蛉属为我国首次记录。研究用标本分别为广州微生物所送鉴标本和北京农业大学馆藏标本。新种模式标本保存在北京农业大学昆虫标本室。本文量度单位均为mm。     

中国通草蛉属的研究(脉翅目:草蛉科)

通草蛉属(Chrysoperla)是脉翅目(Neuroptera)草蛉科(Chrysopidae)一分布很广的属。它是匈牙利Steinmann 1964年以草蛉属(Chrysopa)的一个亚属提出来的,但他依据的是头上的颜色和斑纹,因此包括了诸如C.flavifrons Brauer等其它属的种类。1966年,Tjeder主要依据雄性外生殖器的特征,仍然把Chrysoperla作为Chrysopa的一个亚属,但此时该亚属包括的内容不同,它是以Chrysoperla carnea(Steph.)雌     

草蛉科一新属——纳草蛉属研究(Ⅰ)(脉翅目:草蛉科)

本文对草蛉科(Chsysopidae)玛草蛉属Mallada做了修正,并建立一新属——纳草蛉属Navasius gen. nov. 同时报道了纳草蛉属6新种:槽纳草蛉N. alviolatus sp. nov. 钩纳草蛉N. ancistroideus sp. nov. 无斑纳草蛉N. epunctatus sp. nov. 曲纳草蛉N. flexuosus sp. nov. 海南纳草蛉N. hainanus sp. nov. 及和纳草蛉N. hesperus sp. nov.。     

山西省草蛉一新种(脉翅目:草蛉科)

作者在对本所馆藏草蛉标本进行整理鉴定中,发现一新种。属草蛉科(Chrysopidae)纳革蛉属(Navasius Yang et Yang),因新种采自山西省盂县境内,故定名为盂县纳草蛉(Navasius yuxianensis sp.nov.)。模式标本保存在山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所标本室。     

中国边草蛉属研究(脉翅目,草蛉科)

检视和记述了我国边草蛉属Brinckochrysa Tieder 5个种类(包括1新种):桂边草蛉Brinckochrysa guiana sp.nov,琼边草蛉B.qwngana Yang,莲座边草蛉B.rosulataYang et Yang,膨板边草蛉B.turgida(Yang et Wang,1990)和秉氏边草蛉B.zina(Navas,1933),新种有详细的形态学描述、插图、种名词源以及与其近似种的区别.所有模式标本保存于中国农业大学标本馆.桂边草蛉,新种Brinckochrysa guianasp.nov.正模♂,广西临桂县,150 m,1963-04-29,杨集昆采.     

A new fossil silky lacewing genus (Neuroptera, Psychopsidae) from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China

A new genus and species, Undulopsychopsis alexigen. et sp. n., is described from the Early CretaceousYixian Formation of western Liaoning Province, China. This genus is probably most closely related to the Asian Cretaceous genus Kagapsychops Fujiyama, 1978. The family affinity of Undulopsychopsisgen. n. is discussed. The genus is preliminarily assigned to Psychopsidae, although it shares some character states with Osmylopsychopidae (e.g., crossveins are very scarce; Rs1 and 1A are multi-branched).     

Obligatory ontogenetic colour change correlated with sexual maturity in adult Chrysoperla congrua (Walker) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Soon after pupal eclosion, adult Chrysoperla congrua undergo obligatory ontogenetic colour change. This phenomenon, unique among lacewings to C. congrua , is investigated further and its functional significance is discussed. Four to 5 days after eclosion, adult C. congrua undergo obligatory ontogenetic colour change from yellow-brown to green, which corresponds with maturation of gonads in both sexes. Courtship displays by both sexes involving abdominal tremulation (calling) always occurred soon after colour change. I propose that colour change in adult C. congrua serves not only as camouflage in a dynamic habitat, as suggested by previous authors, but may also serve as a visual cue to conspecifics of sexual maturity and receptiveness to a potential mate.     

A new species of Glenochrysa Esben-Petersen from Australia (Neuroptera,Chrysopidae)

A new species of the charismatic green lacewing genus Glenochrysa Esben-Petersen is described from northern Western Australia. Glenochrysa minima sp. n. represents one of the smallest species of the genus. A key to species of Australian Glenochrysa is presented.     

New fossil mantidflies (Insecta: Neuroptera: Mantispidae) from the Mesozoic of north‐eastern China

Abstract:  Three new genera and four new species of the extinct mantidfly subfamily Mesomantispinae (Insecta: Neuroptera: Mantispidae) are described from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Liaoning and the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Inner Mongolia: Archaeodrepanicus nuddsi gen. et sp. nov., A. acutus gen. et sp. nov., Sinomesomantispa microdentata gen. et sp. nov., (Yixian Formation) and Clavifemora rotundata gen. et sp. nov. (Jiulongshan Formation). The specimens described herein represent the first Mesozoic mantidfly compression fossils to have body parts preserved, including the specialized raptorial forelegs articulated to the prothorax anteriorly, an autapomorphy of the family. These new taxa further confirm the placement of the subfamily Mesomantispinae within the family Mantispidae; however, the monophyly of Mesomantispinae has not been confirmed, and it is likely that it will prove to be paraphyletic.     

Ingestion of spinosad bait GF-120 and resulting impact on adult Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

The spinosad bait spray GF-120 Naturalyte F® (Dow AgroSciences LLC, Indianapolis, IN, USA) is widely used in commercial olives in California. Because of concern about its non-target effects on beneficial insects, we studied its impact on feeding behavior, mortality, and reproductive parameters of adult green lacewings, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens), under laboratory conditions. Male and female feeding rate and quantity, and subsequent mortality, were compared over a 5-day period following a 24-h exposure to honey, GF-120, or the bait component (without spinosad) in two-choice and no-choice assays. All treatments were ingested equally when offered alone. Spinosad did not impart repellency or preference to GF-120 relative to the bait. Honey was preferred in choice tests with GF-120 or bait. Significant mortality occurred when GF-120 was offered alone, but was not significant when it was offered in choice with honey or bait. In a separate assay of female longevity and reproduction, mortality rate as a function of time was similar in all treatments, except for some significantly earlier mortality due to GF-120 compared with honey. GF-120 ingestion significantly reduced fecundity compared with bait during the first week after treatment. Egg hatch was not significantly affected. The preference of adult C. carnea for food should ameliorate the potential negative effect of GF-120 on adult C. carnea mortality in the field. The laboratory study finds that GF-120 is a potentially safer choice for C. carnea than an aqueous suspension of spinosad, and provides no new evidence for definitive risk to field populations.     

The rare Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) of southwestern Europe

Quantitative surveys of the chrysopid fauna from southwestern Europe, namely the Iberian and Italian peninsulas, France south of 46° N, and the west-Mediterranean Islands, were analysed. A total of 56 species of Chrysopidae were reported, of which three species were abundant. These, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens, 1836) sensu lato, Dichochrysa prasina (Burmeister, 1839) and D. flavifrons (Brauer, 1850), comprised a large percentage of the specimens. For the rarer species, comments are made on their distributions, the enhanced geographic range of exotic ones, and on levels of endemism and stenotopy.     

The pollen cones of Ginkgo from the Early Cretaceous of China, and their bearing on the evolutionary significance

A well-preserved pollen cone of the genus Ginkgo was found in the Yixian Formation (Early Cretaceous) of Liaoning Province, China, and is described as the new species Ginkgo liaoningensis . The pollen cone, catkin-like, consists of a main axis bearing scales at its base and spirally arranged sporophylls bearing 3–4 (−2) oval or elliptical sporangia. The sporangia are pendulous and dehiscent by a longitudinal slit. The mature pollen grains are monocolpate and elongate-elliptical, and the juvenile pollen grains are found in the tetrad stage. The characteristics of G. liaoningensis are very similar to those of the living Ginkgo biloba , but the sporophylls of G. liaoningensis bear 3–4 (−2) sporangia, whereas those of G. biloba bear mostly two sporangia. G. liaoningensis differs from fossil cones of Ginkgo huttoni from the Jurassic of Yorkshire, UK, and an unnamed specimen of Ginkgo from the Upper Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada, in the size and number of sporangia. The comparison between G. liaoningensis (fossil) and G. biloba (living) supports the reduction hypothesis of ovule organs in Ginkgo , with the number of sporangia having experienced the process of reduction from three or four to two since the Early Cretaceous.  © 2006 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2006, 152 , 133–144.     

A new species of Stenobiella Tillyard (Neuroptera, Berothidae) from Australia

Stenobiella variolasp. n., a new species of beaded lacewing (Neuroptera: Berothidae), is described and figured from south-eastern Australia. A preliminary key to Stenobiella species is presented.     

New material of Xyelydidae (Hymenoptera) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China

Chifengilyda robusta, a new extinct sawfly genus and new species assigned to Xyelidae, is described and figured here based on one fossil specimen from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Ningcheng in Inner Mongolia, China. Chifengilyda robusta n. gen. n. sp. differs from other xyelydids in having a forewing with pterostigma completely sclerotized, Sc closer to C, Sc1 about 3 times as long as Sc2, Sc1 intersecting C far beyond Rs base, 2r-m postfurcal and cell 1mcu relatively large. This new taxon further enriches the diversity of Xyelydidae in the Early Cretaceous, and even enhances our understanding of the evolution and inter-genera and interspecies relationships of this family.