PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路在脂多糖诱导的大鼠肝星状细胞自噬中的作用

该文探讨了磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路在脂多糖(LPS)诱导的大鼠肝星状细胞-T6(HSC-T6)自噬中的作用。体外培养HSCT6细胞,随机分为对照组、LPS组、雷帕霉素(Rapamycin, Rapa)组、LPS+Rapa组、LY294002组、LPS+LY294002组, SC79组、LPS+SC79组,各组经相应处理后,单丹磺酰尸胺(MDC)染色法观察自噬溶酶体变化;细胞免疫荧光法检测各组微管相关蛋白轻链Ⅱ(LC3 Ⅱ)表达; Western blot检测各组通路蛋白p-Akt、p-mTOR、Akt、mTOR及自噬相关蛋白LC3 Ⅱ、Beclin1的表达; qRT-PCR检测各组LC3 Ⅱ和Beclin1 mRNA的表达。结果显示,LPS+Rapa组、LPS+LY294002组较LPS组的自噬溶酶体、LC3 Ⅱ荧光亮点含量无明显差异(P0.05), LPS+SC79组较LPS组的自噬溶酶体、LC3 Ⅱ荧光亮点含量明显减少(P0.05); Western blot显示, LPS+Rapa组、LPS+LY294002组较LPS组LC3 Ⅱ、Beclin1、p-Akt、p-mTOR蛋白表达水平无明显差异(P0.05), LPS+SC79组较LPS组LC3 Ⅱ、Beclin1含量明显减少, p-Akt、p-mTOR蛋白表达水平明显增加(P0.05); qRT-PCR显示LPS+Rapa组、LPS+LY294002组较LPS组LC3 Ⅱ、Beclin1 mRNA含量无明显差异(P0.05), LPS+SC79组较LPS组LC3 Ⅱ、Beclin1 mRNA含量明显减少(P0.05)。该项研究结果表明,LPS可能通过抑制PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路促进HSC-T6细胞自噬。     

亚慢性砷中毒对大鼠肝脏自噬的抑制作用

目的:在建立亚慢性砷暴露模型的基础上,探讨砷暴露对SD大鼠肝脏自噬水平的影响.方法:出生21天断乳雄性SD大鼠分为不同水平砷暴露组,通过饮水给与NaAsO2的方式染毒;全自动生化分析仪检测血清肝功能项目的变化;HE染色检测肝脏组织病理学改变;透射电镜法超微结构的改变.Western blot方法检测自噬相关蛋白Beclin1、LC3表达水平变化.结果:砷暴露组肝脏出现显著的异常,同时伴随肝组织形态学改变.于是此同时,LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ比值以及beclin1的表达水平均随着砷作用浓度的升高而降低.结论:亚慢性砷暴露在诱导肝脏损伤的同时可伴随自噬水平的抑制,这种水平的改变可能参与了砷的肝脏毒性.     

丹参酚酸B通过抑制PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路促进自噬减轻大鼠心肌纤维化的研究

目的:研究丹参酚酸B(SA-B)能否通过抑制PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路促进自噬,从而减轻大鼠心肌纤维化。方法:选用SD大鼠40只,完全随机化分为对照组、模型组、低剂量SA-B治疗组和高剂量SA-B治疗组,采用皮下注射异丙肾上腺素(ISO)构建大鼠心肌纤维化模型。低、高剂量SA-B治疗组在造模同时灌喂丹参酚酸B水溶液,对照组和模型组分别灌胃等体积0.9%生理盐水。测定心重指数(HW/BW)和左心室重指数(LVW/BW);ELISA法测定心肌中Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型胶原水平;Western blot检测自噬相关蛋白PI3K、AKT、p-AKT、mTOR、Beclin1、LC3-Ⅱ水平;大鼠心肌HE染色评估心肌纤维化程度。结果:与对照组比较,模型组中大鼠的心重指数、左心室重指数和心肌中Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型胶原的水平升高(P0.05),HE染色结果提示心肌组织发生明显的纤维化。模型组大鼠心肌细胞中的自噬相关蛋白PI3K、AKT、p-AKT、mTOR表达升高,Beclin1、LC3-Ⅱ表达较对照组明显降低(P0.05)。SA-B组中心重指数、左心室重指数和心肌中Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型胶原的水平明显降低,HE染色未见明显纤维化病灶,其自噬相关蛋白PI3K、AKT、p-AKT、mTOR表达降低,Beclin1、LC3-Ⅱ表达较模型组明显升高(P0.05)。结论:丹参酚酸B能够抑制ISO所致的大鼠心肌纤维化,且具有剂量依耐性,其机制与抑制PI3K/AKT/mTOR传导通路促进细胞自噬密切相关。     

妊娠晚期高雄环境对子代雌鼠性腺发育及生殖功能的影响

目的:通过观察妊娠晚期高雄环境对子代雌鼠性腺发育及生殖功能的影响,从而探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的可能致病因素.方法:16只妊娠Wismr大鼠被随机分为A、B两组各8只(A为实验组,B为对照组),A,B两组大鼠均取妊娠第15-20天的相同时间于颈部皮下分别注射等量丙酸睾丸酮和中性茶油,均于孕2l天剖宫产,A组子代雌鼠14只,B组12只;观察子代雌鼠脐带血中睾酮(T)水平、出生体重、阴道开口时间和发情周期、出生100天时体重、乳房发育情况及卵巢、子宫的组织形态学改变.结果:①A组子鼠脐带血中睾酮(T)水平明显增高(P＜0.05);②A组子鼠出生体重较B组明显降低,而出生100天时A组子代雌鼠体重明显高于B组(P＜0.05);无明显发情周期;出生100天时乳房数明显低于B组;阴道开口时间较B组无明显差异③A组子代雌鼠子宫积水扩张明显,卵巢中闭锁卵泡较B组明显增加(P＜0.05).结论:妊娠晚期高雄环境下子代雌鼠表现出类似PCOS的性腺发育及生殖功能异常,推测妊娠晚期母体雄激素过高可能是PCOS的早期致病因素.     

HCMV感染对胶质瘤细胞U87自噬的影响

研究人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)感染对神经胶质瘤U87细胞自噬的影响。通过观察微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3)、自噬相关基因Beclin1及其蛋白表达的变化,从而探讨HCMV与神经胶质瘤发生、发展的关系及意义。用HCMV AD169(MOI=5)感染神经胶质瘤U87细胞,同时将未感染HCMV的U87细胞作为对照组。分别在6、12、24、48 h用RT-PCR检测Beclin1的表达,Western-blot和免疫荧光检测Beclin1和LC3编码蛋白的表达,最后用CCK-8检测细胞的增殖活性。结果显示,HCMV感染的U87细胞LC3-II蛋白表达水平逐渐下降(P<0.05);同时,HCMV感染的U87细胞Beclin1基因及蛋白的表达水平也逐渐下降(P<0.01),且HCMV感染U87细胞增殖显著(P<0.01)。以上结果表明,HCMV感染抑制胶质瘤U87细胞自噬,并会引起Beclin1表达水平下调,进而导致胶质瘤细胞增殖。     

二氢生物喋呤还原酶参与调控HEK293T细胞自噬作用的初步研究

目的探讨二氢生物喋呤还原酶（dihydropteridine reductase,QDPR）对HEK293T细胞自噬作用的影响。方法构建野生型QDPR和突变型QDPR重组质粒分别转染HEK293T细胞,并设空载体对照组。采用RT-PCR及Western blot方法检测空载体组,野生型QDPR组和突变型QDPR组自噬相关蛋白LC3和Beclin 1的表达量变化。结果 1）测序结果证实PCR扩增得到编码正常QDPR的cDNA序列正确以及突变的cDNA也在正确的位置突变;2）磷酸钙共沉淀法转染HEK293T细胞后,野生型QDPR和突变型QDPR融合蛋白成功表达;3）RT-PCR结果显示,与对照组相比,野生型QDPR组LC3基因水平明显上调（P〈0.05）,突变型QDPR组LC3基因水平与对照组相比无统计学差异;与对照组相比,野生型和突变型组Beclin1基因水平无统计学差异;4）Western blot结果显示,与对照组相比,野生型QDPR组LC3-II和Beclin1的蛋白表达量明显上调（P〈0.05）,但LC3-I的蛋白表达量无统计学差异,突变型QDPR组与对照组相比LC3-I,II和Beclin1的蛋白表达量均没有统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论二氢生物喋呤还原酶能增强HEK293T细胞自噬相关基因LC3和Beclin 1的表达,提示其可能具有激活自噬作用的功能;二氢生物喋呤还原酶93位氨基酸的突变影响了其对细胞自噬作用的调控,降低了自噬标志分子LC3-I和Beclin1的基因表达。     

大负荷运动诱导大鼠骨骼肌损伤对其自噬超微结构及Beclin1和LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ的影响

目的:观察大负荷离心运动对大鼠骨骼肌自噬超微结构及自噬相关蛋白Beclin1和LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ的影响。方法:48只SD雄性大鼠适应性训练后随机分成对照组(C,n=8)和大负荷离心运动组(E,n=40)。E组于跑台进行90 min下坡跑,运动后0 h、12 h、24 h、48 h和72 h取比目鱼肌,透射电镜观察其自噬体超微结构变化; Western blot检测Beclin1和LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ蛋白表达;免疫荧光观测LC3的定位及含量变化。结果:E组比目鱼肌自噬体数量在运动后0 h、12 h和24 h均有增加,并伴LC3自噬荧光明显增强(P0.01),同时运动后48 h自噬荧光仍有显著性升高(P0.05); Beclin1和LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ在大负荷离心干预后表达升高(P0.05),运动后12 h～24 h达到峰值(P0.01),直至运动后72 h完全恢复。结论:大负荷离心运动可诱导骨骼肌自噬超微结构变化,自噬蛋白表达增强,以上可能是运动损伤的骨骼肌功能下降的原因之一。     

维生素C对万古霉素诱导大鼠肾损伤自噬的作用

摘要 目的：探讨维生素C对万古霉素诱导肾损伤自噬水平的影响。方法：将20只雄性SD大鼠随机分为：对照组、万古霉素组、万古霉素+维生素C组和维生素C组。万古霉素组：连续每天腹腔注射400 mg/kg万古霉素;万古霉素+维生素C组：注射万古霉素之前30 min腹腔注射200 mg/kg维生素C;对照组和维生素C组分别单独注射同体积的生理盐水和200 mg/kg维生素C。连续给药7 d后,通过苏木精-伊红染色（HE）观察大鼠肾组织病理损伤;免疫组化和免疫荧光检测肾组织中LC3B和Beclin 1的表达情况,比较各组之间的表达差异。结果：相对于对照组,万古霉素诱导大鼠肾损伤模型组肾组织出现明显的病理改变,包括肾间质水肿,肾小管细胞质空泡性变化,细胞凋亡坏死等;同时观察到肾组织中LC3B光密度明显升高和Beclin 1的荧光强度显著增强。维生素C处理组,肾组织的病理损伤显著改善并且自噬相关蛋白LC3B和Beclin 1的表达显著降低。相对于对照组,维生素C单独处理组肾组织损伤和自噬相关蛋白的表达无明显变化。结论：维生素C可降低自噬相关蛋白LC3B和Beclin 1的表达,缓解万古霉素诱导的大鼠肾损伤。     

黄芩苷诱导自噬改善胰岛素抵抗

探讨黄芩苷对胰岛素抵抗的作用及其机制,将大鼠肝脏间质细胞(BRL-3A细胞)分成空白组、模型组、黄芩苷高剂量组和黄芩苷低剂量组。除空白组以外,其余组BRL-3A细胞均采用0.2 mmol/L棕榈酸(PA)处理,并给予相应药物进行干预,检测葡萄糖消耗量和甘油三酯含量;Western blotting法检测自噬蛋白LC3-Ⅰ、LC3-Ⅱ和Becline1的表达,RT-qPCR法检测自噬基因Beclin1的表达。结果显示:经PA处理之后,BRL-3A细胞对葡萄糖的消耗量减少,甘油三酯水平增加,表明BRL-3A细胞出现葡萄糖的摄取和利用障碍,以及脂代谢紊乱,证明胰岛素抵抗细胞模型复制成功。而LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ、Beclin1和Beclin1 mRNA的表达均明显减少,表明细胞自噬被抑制。黄芩苷高、低剂量组均能增加BRL-3A细胞对葡萄糖的消耗量,减少甘油三酯水平;LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ、Beclin1和Beclin1 mRNA的表达也明显增加,且黄芩苷高剂量比低剂量效果明显。本研究表明:黄芩苷可以增加BRL-3A细胞对葡萄糖的摄取利用,减轻脂质代谢紊乱,从而改善胰岛素抵抗,具体作用机制可能与其诱导细胞自噬有关。     

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞向神经细胞分化后自噬水平的变化

目的:探讨骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)向神经细胞分化前后自噬水平的变化,进一步研究BMSCs神经分化机制。方法:原代培养大鼠BMSCs,三代后用L-DMEM(2%DMSO+200μmol/L BHA)诱导其向神经细胞分化,采用免疫细胞化学方法检测神经元特异标记物NSE表达,采用RT-PCR方法检测自噬相关基因LC3B、Beclin1、Atg5、Atg7、Atg10的表达,用Western blot及流式细胞术检测了自噬标志蛋白LC3B的表达。结果:大鼠BMSCs传3代后,贴壁的BMSCs可达90%以上,类成纤维细胞样梭形生长,经诱导剂作用5 h后,细胞呈现神经细胞样改变,NSE阳性率为(83±5)%。RT-PCR结果表明BMSCs向神经细胞分化后LC3B,Beclin1,Atg5,Atg7,Atg10的表达升高,流式细胞术检测LC3B的平均荧光强度升高,Western blot结果表明神经分化后LC3B-Ⅱ表达增加。结论:大鼠BMSCs向神经细胞分化后自噬水平增加。     

自噬在声动力疗法抑制C6胶质瘤细胞增殖中的作用

目的:探讨自噬在血卟啉单甲醚(Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether,HMME)介导的声动力疗法(Sonodynamic therapy,SDT)抑制C6胶质瘤细胞增殖中的作用。方法:选取对数期生长的C6胶质瘤细胞并随机分为四组:对照组(未予处理)、超声组(单独超声照射)、HMME组(单独加入HMME)、SDT组(超声照射+HMME)。透射电镜观察SDT处理的C6胶质瘤细胞中自噬体数量的改变。应用qRT-PCR和免疫印迹分析SDT处理对C6胶质瘤细胞中的LC3、Beclin1、Bcl-2 m RNA及蛋白表达水平的影响。MTT检测C6胶质瘤细胞的活力变化。结果:透射电子显微镜显示SDT组自噬体数量较对照组明显增多。SDT组C6胶质瘤细胞中微管相关蛋白1轻链3 (Microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3, LC3)、Beclin1 m RNA和蛋白水平高于对照组,B细胞淋巴瘤-2(B cell lymphoma-2, Bcl-2) m RNA和蛋白水平低于对照组。与对照组相比,SDT组C6胶质瘤细胞存活率从0 h至6 h逐渐下降,从12 h至72 h逐渐升高。3-甲基腺嘌呤(3-Methyladenine,3-MA)+SDT、氯喹(Chloroquine,CQ)+SDT处理后C6胶质瘤细胞存活率较SDT组明显降低。结论:SDT可能通过诱导自噬抑制C6胶质瘤细胞增殖。     

Selenium Deficiency Induces Autophagy in Immune Organs of Chickens

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of selenium (Se) deficiency on autophagy-related genes and on ultrastructural changes in the spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and thymus of chickens. The Se deficiency group was fed a basal diet containing Se at 0.033 mg/kg and the control group was fed the same basal diet containing Se at 0.15 mg/kg. The messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of the autophagy genes microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-I, LC3-II, Beclin 1, dynein, autophagy associated gene 5 (ATG5), and target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) were assessed using real-time qPCR. The protein levels of LC3-II, Beclin 1, and dynein were investigated using western blot analysis. Furthermore, the ultrastructure was observed using an electron microscope. The results indicated that spleen mRNA levels of LC3-I, LC3-II, Beclin 1, dynein, ATG5, and TORC1 and the protein levels of LC3-II, Beclin 1, and dynein were increased in the Se deficiency group compared with the control group. In the bursa of Fabricius, the mRNA levels of LC3-I, LC3-II, Beclin 1, dynein, ATG5, and TORC1 and the protein levels of Beclin 1 and dynein were increased; furthermore, the protein level of LC3-II was decreased in the Se deficiency group compared to the control group. In the thymus, the mRNA levels of LC3-I, Beclin 1, and ATG5 increased; the levels of LC3-II, dynein, and TORC1 were decreased; the protein level of Beclin 1 increased; and the levels of LC3-II and dynein decreased in the Se deficiency group compared to those in the control group. Further cellular morphological changes, such as autophagy vacuoles, autolysosomes, and lysosomal degradation, were observed in the spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and thymus of the Se-deficiency group. In summary, Se deficiency caused changes in autophagy-related genes, which increased the autophagic process and also caused structural damages to the immune organs of chickens.     

Fish oil up-regulates hepatic autophagy in rats with chronic ethanol consumption

In this study, we examined the regulation of autophagy by fish oil in rats under ethanol-containing diets. Thirty male Wistar rats (8-week-old) were divided into six groups and fed a control diet or an ethanol-containing diet, which was adjusted with fish oil to replace 25% or 57% of the olive oil. After 8 weeks, rats in the E (ethanol diet) group showed the significantly higher plasma aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities, protein expression of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), and levels of hepatic inflammatory cytokines. However, all of those items had significantly decreased in the EF25 (ethanol with 25% fish oil) and EF57 (ethanol with 57% fish oil) groups. As to autophagic indicators, protein expressions of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) and p62 were significantly increased in the E group. Conversely, the protein expressions of light chain 3II (LC3II)/LC3I and Beclin1 were significantly decreased in the E group. On the other hand, protein expressions of phosphorylated Akt, mTOR, ULK1, and p62 were down-regulated, protein expressions of LC3II/LC3I and Beclin1 were conversely up-regulated in the EF25 and EF57 groups. Fish oil activated hepatic autophagy via inhibiting the Akt signaling pathway, which exerted protective effects against ethanol-induced liver injury in rats.     

TRPM3表达上调通过调控Beclin1的表达促进卵巢癌细胞自噬

目的:探讨瞬时受体电位离子通道3(TRPM3)和Beclin1在卵巢癌中的表达和对卵巢癌细胞自噬的影响。方法:收集6例正常卵巢组织标本和20例卵巢癌组织标本,应用免疫组织化学染色法检测TRPM3和Beclin1在卵巢癌组织中的表达,采用western blotting法检测TRPM3和Beclin1在正常卵巢上皮细胞Moody和卵巢癌细胞Hey、ES-2中的表达差异。用TRPM3-siRNA瞬时转染细胞Hey和ES-2,通过western blotting法检测TRPM3基因沉默情况及Beclin1、p62和LC3的蛋白表达变化。结果:在正常卵巢组织和卵巢癌组织中,TRPM3的阳性表达率分别为33.3%、80.0%(P0.05),而Beclin1的阳性表达率分别为33.3%、65.0%(P0.05)。与正常卵巢上皮细胞Moody相比,卵巢癌细胞Hey和ES-2中TRPM3、Beclin1蛋白表达水平明显较高(P0.05)。沉默TRPM3基因表达的卵巢癌细胞中Beclin1和LC3蛋白表达与对照组相比明显降低,而p62表达升高(P0.05)。结论:卵巢癌组织和细胞中TRPM3蛋白呈高表达,可能通过调控Beclin1促进卵巢癌细胞的自噬。     

Single administration of di(n-butyl) phthalate delays spermatogenesis in prepubertal rats

Morphological alterations in seminiferous tubules caused by single administration of di(n-butyl) phthalate (DBP) in 3-week-old rats were investigated throughout the first wave of spermatogenesis. Single administration of DBP (500 mg/kg) showed progressive detachment and displacement of spermatogenic cells and disappearance of tubular lumen at 3 h after treatment, and then showed thin seminiferous epithelia and wide tubular lumen at day 1 (D1). At D1, quite significant numbers of apoptotic spermatogenic cells were detected, and then they gradually decreased in accordance with the passage of time. In contrast, the testes revealed lower weight gain, even after completion of first wave of spermatogenesis in the DBP-treated group, compared to the control. In order to clarify whether spermatogenic cells differentiate into mature spermatids in the DBP-treated rats, immunohistochemical staining for Hsc 70t, a specific marker for elongate spermatids, was carried out. As a result, the decrease in mature spermatids in the DBP-treated testes, compared to the control, was demonstrated. For example, at D20 (41-day-old) after treatment, the most advanced spermatids in the tubules from rats in the DBP-treated groups were steps 2-4, while those of the control were steps 12-13. Moreover, in some tubules, pachytene spermatocytes were the most advanced spermatogenic cell. At D30 (51-day-old) after treatment, maturation of spermatogenic cells in the DBP-treated rats proceeded further, and the most advanced spermatids in tubules were steps 8-9, while those of the control were steps 15-19. These results lead us to the postulation that a single administration of DBP to prepubertal rats delays maturation of spermatogenic cells, even after completion of first wave of spermatogenesis.     

Concurrence of autophagy with apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells contributes to chronic pulmonary toxicity induced by methamphetamine

Objectives

Methamphetamine (MA) abuse evokes pulmonary toxicity. The aim of our study is to investigate if autophagy is induced by MA and if autophagy‐initiated apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells is involved in MA‐induced chronic pulmonary toxicity.

Materials and Methods

The rats in Control group and MA group were tested by Doppler and HE staining. The alveolar epithelial cells were treated with MA, following by western blot, RT‐PCR and immunofluorescence assay.

Results

Chronic exposure to MA resulted in lower growth ratio of weight and in higher heart rate and peak blood flow velocity of the main pulmonary artery of rats. MA induced infiltration of inflammatory cells in lungs, more compact lung parenchyma, thickened alveolar septum and reduction in the number of alveolar sacs. In alveolar epithelial cells, the autophagy marker LC3 and per cent of cells containing LC3‐positive autophagosome were significantly increased. MA dose dependently suppressed the phosphorylation of mTOR to inactivate mTOR, elicited autophagy regulatory proteins LC3 and Beclin‐1, accelerated the transformation from LC3 I to LC3 II and initiated apoptosis by decreasing Bcl‐2 and increasing Bax, Bax/Bcl‐2 and cleaved Caspase 3. The above results suggest that sustained autophagy was induced by long‐term exposure to MA and that the increased Beclin‐1 autophagy initiated apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells.

Conclusions

Concurrence of autophagy with apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells contributes to chronic pulmonary toxicity induced by MA.

     

高胱氨酸尿对大鼠肾脏自噬水平的抑制作用

摘要 目的：探讨胱氨酸尿症中高胱氨酸浓度对大鼠肾脏自噬水平的影响。方法：通过液相色谱串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）测定Slc7a9基因敲除大鼠24小时尿液胱氨酸浓度确定高尿胱氨酸;通过IHC（免疫组织化学）染色筛选无结石产生的胱氨酸尿症大鼠、观察肾脏组织结构有无明显变化;通过Western blot测定肾脏组织中的LC3-I、LC3-II、p62和mTOR的蛋白相对表达量,以检测自噬水平的变化,并探索变化原因;通过组织切片Masson染色法检测肾脏髓质纤维化程度。结果：10只无结石胱氨酸尿症大鼠尿液胱氨酸显著高于对照组;未发现有胱氨酸结石的生成与肾脏结构性变化;Masson染色提示胱氨酸尿症大鼠发现轻度肾脏纤维化过程;肾脏组织自噬标记蛋白LC3-I、LC3-II蛋白相对表达量、LC3-II/LC3-I比值以及自噬当量p62相对表达较对照组均显著降低,mTOR相对表达量显著升高。以上差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：在胱氨酸尿症大鼠模型上,发现无结石形成情况下的尿高胱氨酸水平可通过mTOR途径抑制大鼠肾脏组织的自噬水平,自我保护作用减弱,由此参与胱氨酸尿症的肾脏损伤过程。     

电针对快速衰老小鼠肝脏自噬及脂质代谢的影响

目的:研究电针对快衰老小鼠(SAMP8)肝脏中自噬相关因子LC3-Ⅱ、Beclin1、Atg7、P62表达的影响,探讨电针改善衰老小鼠肝脏脂质代谢的机制.方法:30周龄雄性SAMP8小鼠随机分为模型组、药物组、电针组,每组7只,以同周龄抗快速老化SAMR1小鼠7只作为对照组.对照组和模型组动物常规饲养4周,不进行任何干...