人纤溶酶原Kringle 1—4.5结构域的表达及活性鉴定

利用RT PCR的方法从人肝癌细胞株HepG2细胞内获得了编码人纤溶酶原 (hPlasminogen)的Kringle 1到 4及部分Kringle 5结构域 (简称K1- 4.5 )的cDNA ,将其克隆到表达载体pHIL S1中。将重组载体pHIL K 1- 4.5转化毕赤酵母GS115 ,得到的重组菌株用甲醇进行诱导表达 ,并利用赖氨酸亲和柱纯化重组蛋白质 ,得到的蛋白质纯度大于 95 %。重组蛋白质能特异性地按剂量依赖的方式抑制碱性成纤维细胞生长因子 (bFGF)刺激的牛主动脉内皮细胞 (BAEC)的增殖 ,浓度为 2mg/L达到最大抑制效果的 5 0 % ;K1- 4.5还能抑制bFGF引起的BAEC的迁移 ,作用浓度为 1mg/L时对BAEC迁移的抑制率为 40 %。     

人血管抑素 Kringles 1-3 的表达纯化及生物学活性研究

人血管抑素包含了4个环饼状结构域(Kringle),是一个有效的血管生成抑制因子。采用PCR方法从人胚肝cDNA文库中扩增了人血管抑素Kringles 1-3的基因,重组于pPIC9K载体中,获得重组载体pPIC9K-K1-3,然后转化毕赤酵母细胞GS115,获得重组菌株。K1-3蛋白在5 L发酵罐的表达量达41.2 mg/L,发酵液上清经过浓缩、透析,然后用Lysine Sepharose 4B层析柱纯化,得到的K1-3蛋白纯度大于98%,纯化回收率达到95%以上。K1-3能明显抑制bFGF刺激的人微血管内皮细胞的迁移,达到抑制效果为50%时所需的蛋白浓度(IC₅₀)为1.86 μg/ml。K1-3也能抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管的生长,抑制率达95%。为应用人血管抑素Kringles 1-3治疗肿瘤奠定了初步实验基础。     

重组人纤溶酶原Kringle1-5的制备及其

为了研究重组人纤溶酶原 Kringle1-5(K1-5)的抗血管生成活性及其对内皮细胞增殖的影响, 通过PCR扩增人纤溶酶原K1-5 cDNA,定向克隆于原核表达载体pET30a(+)中,构建重组表达载体pET-K1-5, 转化E.coli BL21(DE3), IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE 和Western 杂交检测K1-5的表达。鸡胚尿囊膜 (CAM) 实验和MTT实验分别检测重组人纤溶酶原Kringle1-5对鸡胚新生血管生成和内皮细胞的抑制作用。结果表明,IPTG诱导原核表达载体pET-K1-5在E.coli BL21(DE3)中的表达量约占菌体总蛋白量的32%, K1-5主要以包涵体形式存在,包涵体经过洗涤、溶解、Ni-spin 亲合柱层析纯化以及蛋白质复性等步骤后,获得了纯度约为96%的重组K1-5蛋白。CAM实验表明,原核表达的重组人K1-5能有效地按剂量依赖的方式抑制鸡胚新生血管的形成。MTT实验结果显示,重组人K1-5特异地抑制内皮细胞的增殖, 而对非内皮细胞无抑制作用。     

人血管抑制素在酿酒酵母中的分泌表达和活性鉴定

将酵母交配因子 (MF)α1信号肽编码序列和人血管抑制素 (hAGN)cDNA融合序列插入穿梭载体pYADE4 ,构建得到分泌型重组表达质粒pYADEMA18.转化酿酒酵母JG110 7后 ,用 2 %乙醇和2 %甘油联合诱导表达 .ELISA分析表明 ,在诱导 14h～ 30h期间 ,hAGN获得了表达并分泌至细胞外 .发酵上清液经 75 %饱和度硫酸铵沉淀、CM 5 2纤维素离子交换层析和Superdex 75凝胶过滤层析纯化 .SDS PAGE分析显示 ,表达产物重组人血管抑制素 (rhAGN)相对分子质量约 5 0kD ,电泳纯度达到 94 %.生物活性分析证明 ,rhAGN在 0 0 1mg L～ 3 0mg L浓度范围内能够抑制人真皮内皮细胞株HDMEC增殖 ,抑制作用随剂量的增加而增强 .     

FABP5基因重组突变体蛋白抗前列腺癌细胞活性分析

为构建脂肪酸结合蛋白5 (FABP5)突变体的原核表达体系,评价突变体蛋白质体外抗前列腺癌细胞的活性.利用定点突变技术,突变FABP5蛋白脂肪酸结合的3个关键位点,并构建原核表达体系,对重组蛋白质进行原核表达、分离纯化.通过细胞毒性、细胞划痕和细胞侵袭试验,评价重组FABP5突变体蛋白质对前列腺癌细胞22RV1和PC3增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响.结果 显示定点突变后的DNA与表达载体pQE32连接并转入大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli) BL21(DE3),经序列测定正确,构建了重组表达工程菌,并诱导表达的重组蛋白经亲和层析纯化获得纯度较高的重组蛋白;三突变体对细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭抑制作用比3个单突变体和3个双突变体抑制效果明显;单突变体和双突变体组内对细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭抑制作用差异较小;而野生型重组蛋白质对两株细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭具有促进作用.本研究从所有突变体中筛选出FABP5的三突变体重组蛋白质对前列腺癌细胞抑制作用较好,为后续开发去势抵抗性前列腺癌(CRPC)蛋白质药物提供参考.     

人血管抑素在丝氏酵母中的表达及其活性测定

利用RT－PCR方法从人肝细胞癌HepG2细胞株中扩增得到编码人血管抑素（angiostatin)的cDNA。将其插入毕氏酵母表达载体pPIC9K中,转化结氏酵母,获得了整合多拷贝血管抑素基因的菌株。了酵液经赖氨酸亲和柱纯化所得到的重组蛋白的产量为25mg/L。蛋白质氨基酸序列分析结果与国外报道一致。重组蛋白特异地抑制bFGF刺激的牛主动脉内皮细胞的增殖,ED50约为3mg/L。     

鼠源休眠蛋白具有抑制内皮细胞增殖和诱导细胞凋亡的活性

内皮抑素 (endostatin)是最近发现的一种具有抑制血管生长的蛋白质。休眠蛋白 (restin)是内皮抑素的同源蛋白质 ,最早由Ramchandran等人发现 ,它来源于胶原蛋白XV的羧端非胶原蛋白结构域 (NC1)。为了研究鼠源休眠蛋白对内皮细胞生长的影响 ,利用RT PCR从鼠肌肉中扩增出它的基因 ,克隆入原核表达载体pQE32。诱导后 ,重组蛋白质以包涵体形式高效表达 ,表达量约占菌体总蛋白质的 6 0 %～ 70 %。重组蛋白质经纯化复性后 ,可以特异地抑制bFGF刺激的牛主动脉内皮细胞的增殖 ,但是休眠蛋白的抑制活性比内皮抑素活性稍低。流式细胞仪检测发现 ,休眠蛋白可以引起内皮细胞的细胞周期的改变 ,并且引起细胞凋亡     

DADS 上调K562 细胞p21WAF1 表达对细胞生长阻抑和凋亡 的实验研究

目的:探讨二烯丙基二硫(DADS)对体外培养的人白血病细胞系K562细胞生长阻抑和凋亡作用及机制。方法:采用MTT分析法检测细胞活性、流式细胞术分析细胞周期及凋亡率、免疫组化检测p21WAF1基因表达。结果:1).DADS在10mg/L～80 mg/L范围内,对K562细胞的抑制作用呈剂量-时间依赖效应;2).不同浓度DADS作用于K562细胞24h后,细胞周期发生了变化:DADS可以将K562细胞阻滞于G2/M期;3).DADS浓度在10mg/L～80mg/L时作用K562细胞24h后,凋亡率逐渐升高,有显著的统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);4).用浓度分别为0mg/L,20mg/L,40mg/L,80mg/L处理K562细胞24h后,p21WAF1蛋白表达上调,有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),溶媒组和阴性对照组无差别(P>0.05)。结论:DADS有抑制K562细胞增殖和促进K562细胞凋亡的作用。其作用的可能机制与上调细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂p21WAF1表达,从而诱使k562细胞阻滞于G2/M期有关。     

皖南尖吻蝮蛇毒I型金属蛋白酶Acutolysin A的表达、重折叠及其生物学活性

将皖南尖吻蝮蛇毒I型金属蛋白酶acutolysinA基因克隆进原核表达载体pBAD/gIIIA后得到重组表达质粒 pDS。在 0 .0 2 %的L ( ) 阿拉伯糖的诱导下 ,质粒pDS在E .coliTOP1 0中表达了重组acutolysinA。与其天然形式相比 ,重组蛋白质在N端和C端各增加了 2 2个和 8个氨基酸残基 (均源于载体序列 ) ,并以包含体的形式存在于胞质中 ,表达量约占菌体总蛋白质的 5 %～ 1 0 %。在经 8mol/L尿素或 6mol/L盐酸胍变性及体外复性后 ,重组蛋白质获得了良好的免疫学及生物学活性。Western印迹及ELISA实验表明 ,天然金属蛋白酶acutolysinA与重组蛋白质具有良好的免疫反应相关性。动物实验表明 ,复性的重组蛋白质能明显引起皮下出血 ,其最低出血剂量约为 2 0 μg左右。1mmol/LEDTA、1mmol/LEGTA及 3mmol/L咪唑均能不同程度的抑制天然及重组金属蛋白酶的出血活性。PMSF没有明显的抑制效果。并对出血毒金属蛋白酶的出血机制进行了探讨     

人sCD40L转基因小鼠模型的构建

目的研究阻断CD40-CD40L共刺激信号通路对移植皮肤免疫排斥反应的影响。方法通过RT-PCR技术克隆了呈可溶性表达的CD40L分子胞外区(sCD40L),利用K14启动子构建了sCD40L皮肤特异性表达载体,并利用该载体制备了转基因小鼠。结果所克隆的CD40L胞外区片段其大小及序列符合预期;以哺乳动物表达载体PCI为骨架,通过DNA重组,获得了含K14启动子和sCD40L编码区的皮肤特异性表达载体K14-sCD40L;通过显微注射和胚胎移植,PCR筛选检测:49只G0代小鼠有1只小鼠扩增出特异性条带,阴性对照无条带。结论成功建立sCD40L转基因阳性小鼠。     

Expression of recombinant kringle 1-5 domains of human plasminogen by a prokaryote expression system

Kringle1-5 (K1-5), a proteolytic fragment containing five kringle domains of human plasminogen generated by plasmin-mediated proteolysis, has been already identified by Cao et al. with relation to anti-angiogenesis and proliferation of endothelial cells. To investigate anti-angiogenesis activity of recombinant human K1-5 (rhK1-5) expressed in Escherichia coli BL21, the cDNA of human K1-5 obtained from cloning vector pUC57-K1-5 by PCR, was inserted into an expression vector pET30(+) to construct a prokaryotic expression vector pET-K1-5. Recombinant K1-5 efficiently expressed in E. coli BL21 after IPTG induction was monitored by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting with an anti-angiostatin monoclonal antibody and an anti-hexahistidine tag antibody. The expressed K1-5 accounted for approximately 32% of the total bacterial proteins as estimated by densitometry, and existed mainly as inclusion bodies. The inclusion bodies were washed, lysed, purified, and refolded to a purity of 96% as estimated by capillary electrophoresis and the final purification yield of K1-5 in E. coli system was approximately 5.8 mg/L. Purified K1-5 protein was tested on chicken embryo chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs), and a large number of newly formed blood vessels were significantly regressed. In the present study, we demonstrated that bacterial-expressed K1-5 effectively inhibited angiogenesis of the chicken embryo in a dose-dependent manner through CAM assay. In addition, the rhK1-5 potently inhibited endothelial cell proliferation but not non-endothelial cells. For the first time, these findings demonstrate that the rhK1-5 produced by a prokaryote expression system effectively inhibited angiogenesis of the chicken embryo in a dose-dependent manner and specially suppressed in vitro the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. This fact derived from the present study further suggests the rhK1-5 can be used for anti-angiogenesis therapy of cancer.     

The antiproliferative effect of interferon and the mitogenic activity of growth factors are independent cell cycle events : Studies with vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells

We studied the antagonistic effects of interferon (IFN) and growth factors in G0/G1-arrested normal bovine aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) which were stimulated by serum, or purified platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), supplemented with plasma-derived serum (PDS). The growth response, measured as [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA, was dependent on the concentration of the mitogen. Human IFN alpha, recombinant human IFN alpha 2, or a crude bovine-IFN preparation prepared from virus-infected bovine aortic endothelial cells, inhibited SMC growth induced by either serum or PDGF with PDS. The extent of IFN inhibition was inversely related to the concentration of the mitogenic stimulus. We also investigated whether IFN inhibited the early events in G1 phase, stimulated by the competence factor PDGF, or the progression of the cell into the S phase induced by PDS. The results indicated that IFN inhibited these two stages of the G1 phase independently. In addition, we investigated the antiproliferative effect of IFN on bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC), which do not respond to PDGF but to the mitogenic activity of fibroblast growth factor (FGF). IFN inhibited the mitogenic activity of FGF in a dose-dependent manner. The results indicate that the anti-proliferative activity of IFN and the mitogenic effects of different growth factors are independent.     

人激肽释放酶-1在甲醇酵母中高水平表达、纯化与鉴定

将自肾脏cDNA中获得的人激肽释放酶-1(Human kallikrein 1, hK1)基因插入到pPICZαA载体中, 构建甲醇酵母分泌型表达载体pPICZα-hK1, 该载体转化毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)宿主菌X33, 通过提高YPD平板和培养液中抗生素Zeocin的浓度(500~700 μg/mL), 筛选能高水平表达重组人激肽释放酶-1(Recombinant human kallikrein 1, rhK1)的P. pastoris工程菌株。在30 L发酵罐中发酵的表达条件为30oC、pH 6.0, 诱导64 h时, 发酵上清中rhK1产量达到6500 u/L(约1.25 g/L)。表达的rhK1有N-型糖基化程度不同的两种类型, 分别是分子量偏大的rhK1-H和分子量略小的rhK1-L。通过苯基疏水作用、Cu2+螯合以及阴离子交换层析纯化, 从每升发酵上清中可获得0.28 g的rhK1-H和0.62 g的rhK1-L, 纯化的总得率约为72%, 纯度不低于96%。到目前为止, 该研究获得的rhK1产量高于其他研究者的结果。     

人血管内皮抑制素在毕赤酵母中的表达纯化及活性测定

血管内皮抑制素是胶原ⅩⅧ C-末端的一个片段,是一个有效的血管生成抑制因子。本文克隆了人血管内皮抑制素的基因,并用毕赤酵母进行表达,表达量为50.5 mg/L。发酵液上清经SP Sepharose Fast Flow凝胶一步层析,产物纯度达到98%以上,纯化收率达到95%以上。毕赤酵母分泌表达的人血管内皮抑制素具有免疫活性;能明显抑制鸡胚尿囊膜新生血管的生长;并且能特异性地抑制bFGF刺激的人微血管内皮细的迁移,达到抑制效果为50%时所需的蛋白浓度（IC50）为0.4μg/ml。本研究为应用人血管内皮抑制素治疗肿瘤奠定了初步实验基础。     

Prostaglandin H synthase: protein synthesis-independent regulation in bovine aortic endothelial cells

The objective ofthe present study was to examine whether prostaglandin H synthase(PGHS) can be regulated by pathways independent of de novo synthesis ofPGHS. Incubation of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) for as shortas 5 min with NaF (40 mM) resulted in a 60% increase in PGHS activity.PGHS activity induced by NaF was unaffected by either 10 µMcycloheximide or 1 µM actinomycin D. Aspirin (25 µM) completelyinhibited resting PGHS activity, and NaF did not induce furtherstimulation. NS-398 (500 nM), a specific PGHS-2 inhibitor, wasineffective. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) induced asignificant increase in PGHS activity within 30 min and was insensitiveto cycloheximide. The levels of PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 proteins, as measuredby Western blots, were not affected by NaF or bFGF. The tyrosine kinaseinhibitor genistein attenuated PGHS activity that was induced by NaFand bFGF, whereas the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, sodiumorthovanadate, augmented these responses. The G protein activators5'-guanylyl imidodiphosphate and guanosine5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) inhibited both resting andNaF-induced PGHS activities. These results suggest that, in BAEC,PGHS-1 activity can be regulated by tyrosine kinase and/or Gproteins, independently of de novo protein synthesis.

     

Inhibition of human kallikreins 5 and 7 by the serine protease inhibitor lympho-epithelial Kazal-type inhibitor (LEKTI)

LEKTI is a 120-kDa protein that plays an important role in skin development, as mutations affecting LEKTI synthesis underlie Netherton syndrome, an inherited skin disorder producing severe scaling. Its primary sequence indicates that the protein consists of 15 domains, all resembling a Kazal-type serine protease inhibitor. LEKTI and two serine proteases belonging to the human tissue kallikrein (hK) family (hK5 and hK7) are expressed in the granular layer of skin. In this study, we characterize the interaction of two recombinant LEKTI fragments containing three or four intact Kazal domains (domains 6-8 and 9-12) with recombinant rhK5, a trypsin-like protease, and recombinant rhK7, a chymotrypsin-like protease. Both fragments inhibited rhK5 similarly in binding and kinetic studies performed at pH 8.0, as well as pH 5.0, the pH of the stratum corneum where both LEKTI and proteases may function. Inhibition equilibrium constants (Ki) measured either directly in concentration-dependent studies or calculated from measured association (kass) and dissociation (kdis) rate constants were 1.2-5.5 nM at pH 8.0 and 10-20 nM at pH 5.0. At pH 8.0, kass and kdis values were 4.7 x 10(5) M(-1) s(-1) and 5.5 x 10(-4) s(-1), and at pH 5.0 they were 4.0 x 10(4) M(-1) s(-1) and 4.3 x 10(-4) s(-1), respectively. The low Ki and kdis values (t1/2 of 20-25 min) indicate tight and specific association. Only fragment 6-9' was a good inhibitor of rhK7, demonstrating a Ki of 11 nM at pH 8.0 in a reaction that was rapidly reversible. These results show that LEKTI, at least in fragment form, is a potent inhibitor of rhK5 and that this protease may be a target of LEKTI in human skin.     

抑制肿瘤生长活性的内皮生长抑制剂EDI-8t

对内源性的内皮生长抑制剂的序列来源分析后,用RT-PCR方法从人脐带中获得了417bp的cDNA,并克隆到毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9,然后转化毕赤酵母GS115获得重组表达菌株。表达菌株通过甲醇诱导表达后,将发酵液通过分离纯化获得重组蛋白纯品,命名为EDI-8t。体外实验结果表明,这个胶原蛋白VIII来源的rhEDI-8t蛋白能特异性地抑制牛主动脉内皮细胞的增殖和迁移,并能引起内皮细胞的凋亡。动物体内实验结果表明,rhEDI-8t蛋白样品可有效抑制裸鼠皮下肝癌肿瘤的生长,抑制效果和参照品endostatin相同。但在小鼠黑色素瘤肺转移模型中,rhEDI-8t显示了高于参照品的抑癌效果。     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对生长板软骨细胞增殖与分化的影响

目的:探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)对生长板软骨细胞增殖和分化的作用。方法:分离并在低血清条件下培养兔生长板软骨细胞。采用改良MTT法检测细胞增殖倍数;羟脯氨酸法测定软骨细胞胶原产量;酶动力学方法测定碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性。结果:bFGF浓度在5-100ng／ml范围内可以促进软骨细胞增殖,并以25ng／ml刺激时效果最为显著。当bFGF浓度高于25ng／ml时,抑制软骨细胞的胶原合成;当高于1ng／ml时,抑制碱性磷酸酶活性。结论:bFGF刺激生长板软骨细胞增殖,并在较高浓度时抑制生长板软骨细胞的分化。     

内皮素和bFGF对MC的促增殖作用及胰岛素的协同效应

采用３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入法,测定碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＦ）、胰岛素和内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）对体外培养的大鼠肾小球系膜细胞（ＭＣ）增殖的影响,以及胰岛素与ｂＦＧＦ或ＥＴ－１促ＭＣ增殖的协同作用。结果表明,不同浓度的ｂＦＧＦ（５－２００ｎｇ／ｍｌ）和胰岛素（０．１－２．４Ｕ／ｍｌ）均显著升高ＭＣ的３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入值（ｃｐｍ值）（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＥＴ－１对ＭＣ的ｃｐｍ值的影响依剂量不同呈现两种不同的效应,在１０－９－１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时,随着浓度的升高,ＭＣ的ｃｐｍ值明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,并以１０－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ作用最强;当升高到１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时,ＭＣ的ｃｐｍ值出现降低趋势。胰岛素与ｂＦＧＦ或低浓度ＥＴ－１（≤１０－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）共同作用于ＭＣ时,ＭＣ的ｃｐｍ值明显高于二者单独作用之和（Ｐ＜０．０１）,与高浓度ＥＴ－１（＞１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）共同作用于ＭＣ时,ＭＣ的ｃｐｍ值小于二者单独作用之和（Ｐ＞０．０５）。上述结果说明,胰岛素、ｂＦＧＦ和ＥＴ－１均能显著促进ＭＣ增殖;胰岛素与ｂＦＧＦ或低浓度的ＥＴ－１促ＭＣ增殖具有正协同作用,与高浓度ＥＴ－１呈现负协同作用。