哈萨克族原发性高血压患者血浆EPCsCD34+水平及其相关性研究

目的:探讨血浆内皮祖细胞(EPCs)CD34+水平与新疆哈萨克族(哈族)原发性高血压病患者血压、血脂、血糖、肥胖等的相关性.方法:选取新疆哈族原发性高血压患者87为观察组,哈族健康对照组79例,测量血压(BP)、身高、体重、腰围(WC)、臀围(HC),抽取空腹静脉血测定血糖(FPG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),计算体重指数(BMI)腰臀比(WHR).结果:①原发性高血压组血浆EPCs CD34+水平明显低于对照组(p<0.01)②原发性高血压组血浆EPCs CD34+水平与收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血糖、体重指数呈显著负相关.对照组血浆EPCs CD34+水平与收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、体重指数呈负相关.③多元回归分析显示在原发性高血压组中收缩压、甘油三酯是影响血浆EPCs CD34+水平的独立因素,在对照组中总胆固醇、体重指数是影响血浆EPCs CD34+水平水平的独立因素.结论:哈族原发性高血压患者血浆EPCs CD34+水平与血压水平存在一定的相关性.     

原发性高血压患者心率变异性及血压变异性与血管损害的相关性研究

目的:探讨原发性高血压患者心率变异性(HRV)及血压变异性(BPV)与血管损害的相关性。方法:选取2014年12月到2017年12月期间在我院接受治疗的原发性高血压患者94例,根据脉搏波传导速度(PWV)的不同分为对照组(60例)和血管受损组(34例)。比较两组患者的HRV、BPV指标,并分析PWV与HRV、BPV指标的相关性。结果:血管受损组的5 min心搏R-R间期平均值的标准差(SDANN)低于对照组,低频(LF)、高频(HF)、低高频之比(LF/HF)高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);血管受损组的24h平均收缩压(24h SBP)、24h平均脉压(24h PP)、白天平均收缩压(dSBP)、白天平均脉压(dPP)、夜间平均收缩压(nSBP)、夜间平均脉压(nPP)高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);PWV与LF、HF、LF/HF、24h SBP、24h PP、dSBP、dPP、nSBP、nPP均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:原发性高血压患者部分HRV、BPV指标与PWV呈明显的相关性,说明HRV和BPV与患者的血管损害密切相关。     

生化指标及动态血压检测对隐匿性高血压的临床诊断

为了探讨脂代谢、尿酸等生化指标及动态血压监测对隐匿性高血压诊断的价值,本研究分别选取来我院诊断的隐匿性高血压患者91例,真性高血压患者120例,正常人群100例为隐匿性高血压组、真性高血压组和对照组,考察各组脂代谢、尿酸生化指标及动态血压数据的临床特点。与对照组相比,真性高血压组患者的血清总胆固醇(serum total cholesterol,TC)、低密度脂蛋白(low density lipoprotein,LDL)、载脂蛋白B(apolipoprotein B,APOB)均显著增高,隐匿性高血压组患者LDL明显增高;真性高血压组所有动态血压参数均高于对照组;隐匿性高血压组患者的白天、夜间、24 h平均收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)和夜间、24 h平均舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)均明显高于对照组;3组的尿酸水平无明显差异。Spearman直线相关分析显示,TC、HDL、APOB与动态血压数据显著相关。研究表明,脂代谢、尿酸生化指标及动态血压的联合检测能更准确地评估隐匿性高血压,为隐匿性高血压的诊断与心血管疾病的预防提供参考;同时提示我们,脂代谢异常的人群罹患高血压疾病的风险更大,需特别注意隐匿性高血压的早期筛查。     

哈萨克族原发性高血压患者血浆EPCs CD34^＋水平及其相关性研究

目的：探讨血浆内皮祖细胞（EPCs） CD34＋水平与新疆哈萨克族（哈族）原发性高血压病患者血压、血脂、血糖、肥胖等的相关性。方法：选取新疆哈族原发性高血压患者87为观察组,哈族健康对照组79例,测量血压（BP）、身高、体重、腰围（WC）、臀围（HC）,抽取空腹静脉血测定血糖（FPG）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）,计算体重指数（BMI）腰臀比（WHR）。结果：①原发性高血压组血浆EPCs CD34^＋水平明显低于对照组（p〈0.01）②原发性高血压组血浆EPCs CD34^＋水平与收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血糖、体重指数呈显著负相关。对照组血浆EPCsCD34^＋水平与收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、体重指数呈负相关。③多元回归分析显示在原发性高血压组中收缩压、甘油三酯是影响血浆EPCs CD34^＋水平的独立因素,在对照组中总胆固醇、体重指数是影响血浆EPCs CD34^＋水平水平的独立因素。结论：哈族原发性高血压患者血浆EPCs CD34^＋水平与血压水平存在一定的相关性。     

原发性高血压患者Hcy、hs-CRP及IL-6水平与血压变异性的相关性研究

目的:研究原发性高血压患者同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平与血压变异性的相关性。方法:选取2016年2月-2017年12月四川大学华西医院收治的180例原发性高血压患者为研究对象。将所有患者根据Hcy水平的不同分为Ⅰ组80例、Ⅱ组61例、Ⅲ组39例。根据hs-CRP水平的不同分为A组71例、B组68例、C组41例。根据IL-6水平的不同分为D组80例、E组61例、F组39例。对比不同Hcy、hs-CRP以及IL-6水平患者的血压变异性及空腹血糖情况,分析Hcy、hs-CRP及IL-6水平与血压变异性的相关性。结果:不同Hcy水平患者中Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组的24h SSD、24h DSD水平高于Ⅰ组,且Ⅲ组高于Ⅱ组(P0.05)。不同hs-CRP水平患者中B组、C组的24h SSD、24h DSD水平高于A组,且C组高于B组(P0.05)。不同IL-6水平患者中E组、F组的24h SSD、24h DSD水平高于D组,且F组高于E组(P0.05)。不同Hcy、hs-CRP以及IL-6水平患者空腹血糖水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析显示,Hcy、hs-CRP及IL-6水平与24h SSD、24h DSD水平均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:原发性高血压患者Hcy、hs-CRP及IL-6水平与血压变异性存在明显正相关,对空腹血糖无明显影响,值得临床重点关注。     

低钠透析联合血液透析滤过对终末期肾脏病合并顽固性高血压患者血压节律、钙磷代谢的影响

目的:探讨低钠血液透析(hemodialysis,HD)联合血液透析滤过(Hemodiafiltration,HDF)对终末期肾脏病合并顽固性高血压的透析患者血压节律、钙磷代谢的影响。方法:将62例终末期肾脏病合并顽固性高血压患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,对照组应用常规HD治疗,每周3次,每次4 h,治疗组低钠联合HDF治疗,每周1次,3个月后进行效果评价。比较两组治疗前后血压昼夜节律、钙磷代谢变化及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,治疗组24 h收缩压(systolic blood pressure,24h SBP)、24 h舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,24h DBP)、日间收缩压(day systolic blood pressure,dSBP)、日间舒张压(day diastolic blood pressure,dSBP)、夜间收缩压(night systolic blood pressure,nSBP)、夜间舒张压(night diastolic blood pressure,nSBP)均较治疗前明显下降,且明显低于对照组(P0.05);对照组除nSBP外,其余血压指标治疗前后比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,治疗组血Ca水平较治疗前明显升高,且显著高于对照组,而血P、PTH水平较治疗前明显降低,且均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗组和对照组不良反应发生率分别为16.1%、12.9%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:低钠HD联合HDF治疗终末期肾脏病合并顽固性高血压患者可有效改善钙磷代谢并促进血压节律恢复。     

贝那普利联合氨氯地平对高血压患者降压效果、血压变异性及心功能的影响

目的:探讨贝那普利联合氨氯地平对高血压患者降压效果、血压变异性(BPV)及心功能的影响。方法:选取2015年2月～2018年12月期间西安交通大学医学院附属三二〇一医院收治的131例高血压患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组(n=65)和研究组(n=66),对照组患者给予氨氯地平治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联合贝那普利治疗。比较两组患者治疗后的降压效果、BPV以及心功能指标,记录两组患者治疗期间不良反应情况。结果:两组患者治疗4个月后收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)均下降,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗4个月后24 h收缩压变异性(24hSBPV)、白天收缩压变异性(dSBPV)、24h舒张压变异性(24hDBPV)、白天舒张压变异性(dDBPV)均下降,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05),而夜间收缩压变异性(nSBPV)、夜间舒张压变异性(nDBPV)比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者治疗4个月后A峰速度、A/E峰值均下降,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗4个月后E峰速度、EF值均升高,且研究组高于对照组(P0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较无差异(P0.05)。结论:贝那普利联合氨氯地平治疗高血压患者的降压效果确切,可有效改善患者BPV及心功能,且安全性较好。     

2型糖尿病合并原发性高血压患者动态血压昼夜节律的研究

目的:探讨观察2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并原发性高血压患者动态血压昼夜节律的的变化。方法:采用动态血压监测(ABPM)仪,测定50例T2DM合并原发性高血压患者(观察组)和原发性高血压患者(对照组)的24h血压、日间血压及夜间血压,计算血压昼夜差值。结果:观察组24h血压平均值、日间血压平均值、夜间血压平均值及血压昼夜差值均显著高于对照组,相比较均有显著性差性(P0.05)。结论:T2DM合并原发性高血压时对患者的昼夜血压调节功能损害较大。改善T2DM合并原发性高血压患者体内糖代谢状况,可能有助于改善T2DM合并原发性高血压患者心血管系统血流动力学,从而减少心血管并发症。     

有氧运动辅助常规药物对原发性高血压患者血压和血管内皮功能影响

为了探讨有氧运动辅助常规药物对治疗原发性高血压患者血压和血管内皮功能影响,本研究选取2010年4月至2013年12月本院收治的140例原发性高血压患者,采用抛掷硬币的方法随机分为对照组和治疗组各70例,两组患者均采用硝苯地平联合厄贝沙坦治疗、饮食控制等措施,治疗组患者在医生指导下进行有氧运动,比较两组患者的血压控制情况以及反映高血压患者血管内皮功能的指标血清中一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)、内皮素-1 (endothelin-1, ET-1)、基质金属蛋白酶28 (matrixmetalloproteinase-28, MMP-28)、超敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitive C-reactive protein, hs-CRP)水平,通过血流介导的血管扩张(flow mediateddilation, FMD)和硝酸甘油介导的血管扩张反应(nitroglycerin-mediateddilation, NMD)检测血管内皮功能。治疗前,比较两组患者的收缩压(systolic blood pressure, SBP)和舒张压(diastolic blood pressure, DBP)测定值无显著性差异(p0.05);治疗后,治疗组患者的SBP和DBP测定值均明显低于对照组(p0.05);治疗前,比较两组患者的ET-1、NO、hs-CRP、MMP-28的水平均无明显差异(p0.05);治疗后,治疗组患者的ET-1、hs-CRP、MMP-28的水平均明显低于对照组(p0.05),治疗组患者NO水平明显高于对照组(p0.05);治疗前,两组患者的FMD、NMD无明显差异(p0.05);治疗后,治疗组患者的FMD、NMD明显高于对照组(p0.05);治疗后,治疗组患者显效88.57%、有效11.43%,对照组显效74.29%、有效25.71%,两组患者比较具有明显差异(p0.05)。有氧运动辅助常规药物治疗原发性高血压患者有助于进一步降低血压、减轻高血压状态对患者血管内皮功能的损伤。     

原发性高血压患者血压昼夜节律与靶器官损害的关系研究

目的:研究原发性高血压患者血压昼夜节律异常是否与靶器官损害存在关联。方法:将2015年2~11月份在我院治疗的94例原发性高血压病人按照血压昼夜节律是否正常分为节律正常组52例和异常组42例。比较两组患者的24h、白天、夜间的收缩压(SBP)与舒张压(DBP)及血压负荷,并且比较两组患者心脏、脑、肾损伤相关指标。结果:异常组全天24h、白天、夜间SBP及DBP,血压负荷均高于正常组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。异常组患者左室重量(LVM)和左室重量指数(LVMI)、发生心肌缺血次数及持续时间、发生脑梗死几率均明显高于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。异常组尿微量白蛋白(MAU)、尿酸(UA)水平均高于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:原发性高血压患者出现昼夜节律异常,可能对相关靶器官造成损伤。     

New amino-dithiaphospholanes and phosphoramidodithioites and their rhodium and iridium complexes

New sulfur derivatives of phosphoramidite ligands were synthesized and the impact of the sulfur unit on the spectroscopic properties of their rhodium and iridium complexes was investigated. The new ligands Bn₂NPSCH₂CH₂S^a(P-S^a) (Bn = benzyl, 4), Bn₂NPSCHCHS^a(CH₂)₃C^aH₂(P-S^a)(C^a-S^a) (6) and Bn₂NP(4-XC₆H₄OMe)₂ (X = S, 7a; X = O, 7b) were converted to the rhodium and iridium complexes trans-[Rh(CO)Cl(L)₂] (L = 4, 6, 7), [RhCl(COD)(L)] (L = 4, 6, 7), [IrCl(COD)(7a)] and [IrCl₂Cp∗(6)]. For comparison, some phosphoramidite complexes of these formulations also were synthesized. The new metal complexes were spectroscopically analyzed. For the carbonyl complexes, the ν_CO IR stretching frequencies were lower than for the corresponding phosphite and phosphoramidite ligands. The ¹J_PRh coupling constants for the rhodium complexes with the new ligands were also smaller than for the respective phosphoramidite and phosphite complexes. Finally, the ¹J_PSe coupling constants of the selenides of the new ligands were lower than those of the phosphoramidite ligands but higher than for PPh₃. The spectroscopic data reveal that the new thio ligands 4, 6 and 7a are more electron donating than phosphites and phosphoramidites but less electron donating than PPh₃.     

Astrocytes and Synaptosomes Transport and Metabolize Lactate and Acetate Differently

Astrocytes transport the monocarboxylate acetate, but synaptosomes do not. The reason for this is unknown, because both preparations express monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). The transport and metabolism of lactate, another monocarboxylate, was examined in these two preparations, and the results were compared to those for acetate. Lactate transport is more rapid in astrocytes than in synaptosomes, but of lower affinity (Kms of 17 and 4 mM, respectively). Lactate (0.2 mM) is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in synaptosomes than in astrocytes (rates of 0.37 and 0.07 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). The reason for this is unclear, but cellular differences in lactate dehydrogenase isotype expression may be involved. Acetate is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in astrocytes than in synaptosomes (rates of 0.43 and 0.02 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). This is likely due to cellular differences in the expression of monocarboxylate transporter subtypes.     

Rapporteur report: Basics and technology and metrology and standards

The first and second sessions of the Workshop focussed on the basics of ultrasound and infrasound, their applications in both industry and medicine, and metrology and protection standards for ultrasound applications.     

白蚁与动物及微生物的共生类型及其机制

综述了白蚁螱客的主要种类、共生关系及相关机制的研究进展。白蚁螱客中,已报道的动物种类达170种。在与动物的共生关系中存在偏利共生（宾主共栖和异种共栖）、互利共生和无关共生三种;在与微生物的共生关系中,存在与内生菌（原生动物、细菌、真菌和放线菌）和外生菌（蚁巢伞菌等）间的互利关系。指出了白蚁与螱客研究中存在的问题,给出了解决方案,并提出了今后可能的研究热点或方向,为白蚁的综合利用（如纤维素酶）及今后研究物种间的协同进化提供了基础资料。     

Relative and combined effects of ethanol and protein deficiency on strontium and barium bone content and fecal and urinary excretion

To elucidate accumulation of minerals in human iliac arteries with aging, the content of minerals was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Bilateral common, internal, and external iliac arteries of 16 men and 8 women, ranging ages from 65 to 93 yr, were examined. It was found that an extremely high accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred in the common iliac artery at old age, being higher than that of the internal and external iliac arteries. It should be noted that the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus is the highest in the common iliac artery among the human arteries examined to date. Regarding sexual differences, the content of calcium and phosphorus in the common and internal iliac arteries was higher in women than in men, whereas their content in the external iliac artery was lower in women than in men.     

Oxidation and nitration of ribonuclease and lysozyme by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase

In spite of the many studies on protein modifications by reactive species, knowledge about the products resulting from the oxidation of protein-aromatic residues, including protein-derived radicals and their stable products, remains limited. Here, we compared the oxidative modifications promoted by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase/hydrogen peroxide/nitrite in two model proteins, ribonuclease (6Tyr) and lysozyme (3Tyr/6Trp). The formation of protein-derived radicals and products was higher at pH 5.4 and 7.4 for myeloperoxidase and peroxynitrite, respectively. The main product was 3-nitro-Tyr for both proteins and oxidants. Lysozyme rendered similar yields of nitro-Trp, particularly when oxidized by peroxynitrite. Hydroxylated and dimerized products of Trp and Tyr were also produced, but in lower yields. Localization of the main modified residues indicates that peroxynitrite decomposes to radicals within the proteins behaving less specifically than myeloperoxidase. Nitrogen dioxide is emphasized as an important protein modifier.     

Prostaglandin and thromboxane production by human and guinea-pig macrophages and leucocytes

The ability of partially purified human and guinea-pig haematogenous cell populations, when cultured in vitro, to metabolise arachidonic acid (AA) has been studied. Supernatants from 24 hour cell culture have been subjected to analysis for products of AA metabolism by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection.The cell types studied were human peripheral blood monocytes (both glass adherent and non-adherent), neutrophils, eosinophils and leukemic leucocytes; thoracic duct lymphocytes and lung alveolar macrophages. From the guinea-pig, induced and non-induced macrophage or neutrophil enriched peritoneal exudate populations, lymph node cells, peritoneal eosinophils and peripheral blood platelets were examined. Supernatants were assayed for the presence of PGE₂, PGD₂, PGF_2α, TXB₂ and 6-keto-PGF_1α. In all types studied PGE₂ and TXB₂ were the major products formed. The identification of PGE₂ and TXB₂ was confirmed by GC/MS with multiple ion monitoring.The results have been compared with other reports and their possible significance discussed in relation to the proposed role of prostaglandins as mediators and modulators in immunopathology.     

Antibacterial and Antifugal Mono- and Di-substituted Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Triazine-derived Schiff-bases and their Transition Metal Complexes

A new series of antibacterial and antifungal triazine-derived mono- and di-substituted (symmetrical and unsymmetrical) Schiff-bases and their cobalt(II), copper(II), nickel(II) and zinc(II) metal complexes have been synthesized and characterized by their elemental analyses, molar conductances, magnetic moments and IR and electronic spectral measurements. IR spectra indicated the ligands to act as tridentate towards divalent metal ions via a trazine-N, the azomethine-N and, indole-NH and deprotonated-O of salicylaldehyde. The magnetic moments and electronic spectral data suggest octahedral geometry for the Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II)complexes and square-pyramid for Cu(II) complexes. NMR spectral data of the ligands and their diamagnetic zinc(II) complexes well-define their proposed structures/geometries. Elemental analyses data of the ligands and metal complexes agree with their proposed structures/geometries. The synthesized ligands, along with their metal complexes were screened for their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtillis, Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi and for antifungal activity against Trichophyton longifusus, Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, Microsporum canis, Fusarium solani and Candida glaberata. The results of these studies show the metal complexes to be more antibacterial/antifungal against two or more species as compared to the uncomplexed Schiff-base ligands.