缺氧诱导因子-1α和血管内皮生长因子在突出腰椎间盘中的表达及意义

目的探讨缺氧诱导因子-1α（hypoxia—induciblefactor-1α,HIF-1α）和血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF）在突出腰椎间盘组织中的表达及意义。方法采用链霉亲和素-过氧化物酶复合物（SABC）免疫组化方法,测定40例腰椎间盘突出症患者椎间盘组织中HIF-1α和VEGF的表达情况。结果退变椎间盘组织中HIF-1α和VEGF呈高表达,HIF-1α和VEGF在髓核的表达显著高于纤维环;纤维环破裂型显著高于纤维环完整型;各组中HIF-1α和VEGF的表达均高度相关。结论HIF-1α和VEGF共同参与了椎间盘退变;HIF-1α可能通过上调VEGF的表达来促进椎间盘组织中新生血管的形成,进而延缓椎间盘退变的发生。     

缺氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子和成纤维细胞生长因子在胰腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：研究胰腺癌组织中缺氧诱导因子1alpha（Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha,HIF-1α）、血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF）和成纤维细胞生长因子（fibroblast growth factor,FGF）的表达并探讨其意义。方法：Western blot法检测22例胰腺癌及癌旁组织中HIF-1α、VEGF和FGF蛋白的表达,分析HIF-1α与VEGF、FGF之间的相关性以及与性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移和TNM分期之间的关系。结果：HIF-1α、VEGF和FGF在胰腺癌组织中的蛋白表达水平明显高于胰腺癌周组织（P〈0.01）,HIF-1α与VEGF、FGF之间的表达具有显著相关性（P〈0.01）。HIF-1α的表达与胰腺癌的TNM分期、肿瘤大小和淋巴结转移有关（P〈0.01）,VEGF和FGF的表达与胰腺癌的肿瘤大小和淋巴结转移有关（P〈0.05）。结论：HIF-1α可以上调VEGF和FGF的表达,在胰腺癌的发生、发展中起着重要作用。     

Connective tissue growth factor is a substrate of ADAM28

ADAM28, a member of the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) gene family, is over-expressed by carcinoma cells and the expression correlates with carcinoma cell proliferation and progression in human lung and breast carcinomas. However, information about substrates of ADAM28 is limited. We screened interacting molecules of ADAM28 in human lung cDNA library by yeast two-hybrid system and identified connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Binding of CTGF to proADAM28 was demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid assay and protein binding assay. ADAM28 cleaved CTGF in dose- and time-dependent manners at the Ala¹⁸¹-Tyr¹⁸² and Asp¹⁹¹-Pro¹⁹² bonds in the hinge region of the molecule. ADAM28 selectively digested CTGF in the complex of CTGF and vascular endothelial growth factor₁₆₅ (VEGF₁₆₅), releasing biologically active VEGF₁₆₅ from the complex. RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that ADAM28, CTGF and VEGF are commonly co-expressed in the breast carcinoma tissues. These data provide the first evidence that CTGF is a novel substrate of ADAM28 and suggest that ADAM28 may promote VEGF₁₆₅-induced angiogenesis in the breast carcinomas by the CTGF digestion in the CTGF/VEGF₁₆₅ complex.     

Effects of intraluteal implants of prostaglandin E1 or E2 on angiogenic growth factors in luteal tissue of Angus and Brahman cows

Previously, it was reported that intraluteal implants containing prostaglandin E₁ or E₂ (PGE₁ and PGE₂) in Angus or Brahman cows prevented luteolysis by preventing loss of mRNA expression for luteal LH receptors and luteal unoccupied and occupied LH receptors. In addition, intraluteal implants containing PGE₁ or PGE₂ upregulated mRNA expression for FP prostanoid receptors and downregulated mRNA expression for EP₂ and EP₄ prostanoid receptors. Luteal weight during the estrous cycle of Brahman cows was reported to be lesser than that of Angus cows but not during pregnancy. The objective of this experiment was to determine whether intraluteal implants containing PGE₁ or PGE₂ alter vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), angiopoietin-1 (ANG-1), and angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) protein in Brahman or Angus cows. On Day 13 of the estrous cycle, Angus cows received no intraluteal implant and corpora lutea were retrieved, or Angus and Brahman cows received intraluteal silastic implants containing vehicle, PGE₁, or PGE₂ on Day 13 and corpora lutea were retrieved on Day 19. Corpora lutea slices were analyzed for VEGF, FGF-2, ANG-1, and ANG-2 angiogenic proteins via Western blot. Day-13 Angus cow luteal tissue served as preluteolytic controls. Data for VEGF were not affected (P > 0.05) by day, breed, or treatment. PGE₁ or PGE₂ increased (P < 0.05) FGF-2 in luteal tissue of Angus cows compared with Day-13 and Day-19 Angus controls but decreased (P < 0.05) FGF-2 in luteal tissue of Brahman cows when compared w Day-13 or Day-19 Angus controls. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of PGE₁ or PGE₂ on ANG-1 in Angus luteal tissue when compared with Day-13 or Day-19 controls, but ANG-1 was decreased (P < 0.05) by PGE₁ or PGE₂ in Brahman cows when compared with Day-19 Brahman controls. ANG-2 was increased (P < 0.05) on Day 19 in Angus Vehicle controls when compared with Day-13 Angus controls, which was prevented (P < 0.05) by PGE₁ but not by PGE₂ in Angus cows. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of PGE₁ or PGE₂ on ANG-2 in Brahman cows. PGE₁ or PGE₂ may alter cow luteal FGF-2, ANG-1, or ANG-2 but not VEGF to prevent luteolysis; however, species or breed differences may exist.     

稽留流产患者血清和绒毛中HIF-1alpha和VEGF表达水平及其相关性分析

目的：探讨缺氧诱导因子-1alpha（HIF-1alpha）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在稽留流产患者血清和绒毛中的表达水平及其相关性 分析。方法：选择2014 年8 月至2015 年8 月我院妇产科76 例稽留流产患者为观察组及行人工流产的60 例正常早产孕妇为对 照组;根据患者稽留流产时间将稽留流产患者分为稽留时间<2 周组（12 例）,2~4周组（33 例）,>4周组（31 例）;采用酶联免疫吸 附（ELISA）和免疫组化SP 法检测并分析患者血清与绒毛中HIF-1琢与VEGF的表达水平。结果：观察组血清中HIF-1alpha与VEGF 表达水平均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组和对照组绒毛VEGF 和HIF-1-alpha均表达,其中VEGF 主要表达 于滋养层细胞细胞质和细胞间质,HIF-1琢主要表达于滋养层细胞的细胞核与细胞质,且观察组患者绒毛HIF-1-alpha与VEGF 表达水 平均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;不同稽留时间患者绒毛HIF--alpha与VEGF表达水平间比较,差异均无统计学意 义（P>0.05）观察组患者血清HIF-1alpha与VEGF的表达水平呈现正相关关系（r=0.601;P<0.05）;且绒毛HIF-1琢与VEGF的表达水平 也呈现正相关关系（r=0.401;P<0.05）。结论：HIF-1琢和VEGF在血清和绒毛中的低表达可能是稽留流产的发生的重要原因,临床 上可以通过检测患者血清和绒毛组织中HIF-1琢和VEGF的水平,有针对性的对患者进行监护和治疗,预防稽留流产的发生。     

Synthesis and evaluation of heteroaryl-ketone derivatives as a novel class of VEGFR-2 inhibitors

We have discovered novel inhibitors of VEGFR-2 kinase with low nanomolar potency in both enzymatic and cell-based assays. Active series are heteroaryl-ketone compounds containing a central aromatic ring with either an indazolyl or indolyl keto group in the ortho orientation to the benzylic amine group (Fig. 1). The best compounds were demonstrated to be inactive against a small select panel of tyrosine and serine/threonine kinases with the exception of VEGFR-1 kinase, a close family member. In addition, the lead candidate 8 displayed acceptable exposure levels when administered orally to mice.     

Smad3 mediates TGF-beta1 induction of VEGF production in lung fibroblasts

Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is a key factor in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key angiogenic factor, and vascular change is one of the features of airway remodeling. We examined the effect of TGF-beta1 on VEGF production by fibroblasts from mice lacking expression of Smad2 or Smad3 as well as human lung fibroblasts treated with or without Smad2 or Smad3 siRNA. TGF-beta1 stimulated VEGF production by fibroblasts from Smad2 deficient animals and wildtype animals. In contrast, TGF-beta1 did not affect VEGF production by fibroblasts from Samd3 deficient mice. Similarly, TGF-beta1 failed to stimulate VEGF production by HFL-1 cells treated with Samd3 siRNA but significantly increased VEGF production by the cells treated with Smad2 siRNA. These result suggest that TGF-beta1 stimulation of VEGF production by fibroblasts is regulated by Smad3 but not by Smad2 signaling.     

In vitro and in vivo studies on CCR10 regulation by Annexin A1

The mode of action of annexin A1 (ANXA1) is poorly understood. By using rapid subtraction hybridization we studied the effects of human recombinant ANXA1 and the N-terminal ANXA1 peptide on gene expression in a human larynx cell line. Three genes showed strong downregulation after treatment with ANXA1. In contrast, expression of CCR10, a seven transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor for chemokine CCL27 involved in mucosal immunity, was increased. Moreover the reduction in CCR10 expression induced by ANXA1 gene deletion was rescued by intravenous treatment with low doses of ANXA1. These findings provide new evidence that ANXA1 modulates gene expression.     

肝细胞癌和癌旁肝组织中HIF-1α和VEGF的表达及其临床意义

目的研究肝细胞癌和癌旁肝组织中HIF-1α和VEGF表达及其临床意义。方法利用免疫组织化学检测62例肝细胞癌和癌旁肝组织中HIF-1α、VEGF和CD34的表达。结果HCC中HIF-1α和VEGF的阳性率和阳性表达强度均明显高于癌旁肝组织,且两者表达强度呈显著正相关(P<0.01);癌旁肝硬化和非典型增生的肝细胞亦呈HIF-1α强表达;HIF-1α和VEGF的表达强度与HCC分化程度、肿瘤大小及MV密度呈显著正相关。结论HIF-1α在HCC发生发展过程中可能起重要作用,其表达与HCC的某些生物学行为密切相关,检测HCC组织中HIF-1α的表达有可能作为评估预后的重要指标之一。     

Regulation of limb development by the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor S1p1/EDG-1 occurs via the hypoxia/VEGF axis

Angiogenesis, also known as new blood vessel formation, is regulated coordinately with other tissue differentiation events during limb development. Although vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) is important in the regulation of angiogenesis, chondrogenesis and osteogenesis during limb development, the role of other angiogenic factors is not well understood. Sphingosine 1-phosphate, a platelet-derived lipid mediator, regulates angiogenesis and vascular maturation via its action on the G-protein-coupled receptor S1P(1) (also known as EDG-1). In addition to vascular defects, abnormal limb development was also observed in S1p(1)(-/-) mice. Here we show that strong induction of S1P(1) expression is observed in the blood vessels and the interdigital mesenchymal cells during limb development. Deletion of S1P(1) results in aberrant chondrocyte condensation and defective digit morphogenesis. Interestingly, the vasculature in the S1p(1)(-/-) limbs was hyperplastic and morphologically altered. In addition, the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1 alpha and its response gene VEGF were induced in S1p(1)(-/-) limbs. However, aberrant regulation of HIF-1 alpha and VEGF were not observed in embryonic fibroblasts derived from S1p(1)(-/-) mice, suggesting a non-cell autonomous effect of S1P(1) on VEGF expression. Indeed, similar limb defects were observed in endothelium-specific S1P(1) null mice in vivo. These data suggest that the function of S1P(1) in the developing vasculature is essential for proper limb development.     

Annexin A1 in inflammation and breast cancer: a new axis in the tumor microenvironment

ABSTRACT

Targeting inflammation in cancer has shown promise to improve and complement current therapies. The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in cancer growth and metastasis and -tumor associated macrophages possess pro-tumoral and pro-metastatic properties. Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is an immune-modulating protein with diverse functions in the immune system and in cancer. In breast cancer, high ANXA1 expression leads to poor prognosis and increased metastasis. Here, we will review ANXA1 as a modulator of inflammation, and discuss its importance in breast cancer and highlight its new role in alternative macrophage activation in the tumor microenvironment. This review may provide an updated understanding into the various roles of ANXA1 which may enable future therapeutic developments for the treatment of breast cancer.     

Expression of developmentally regulated endothelial cell locus 1 was induced by tumor-derived factors including VEGF

Developmentally regulated endothelial cell locus 1 (Del1) is a new angiogenic molecules expressed specifically in early embryonic endothelial cells. We investigated the relationship between Del1 and tumor cell-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Dunn osteosarcoma cells and high- and low-metastatic murine sarcoma cells did not express Del1. However, the expression of Del1 was observed in these primary tumor tissues and the pulmonary metastatic tissues after subcutaneous inoculation in vivo. Every tumor cell-conditioned medium containing VEGF induced the expression of Del1 in murine lung microvascular endothelial (MLE) cells, although control MLE cells did not express Del1. The anti-mouse VEGF monoclonal antibody inhibited the induction of the Del1 expression. In addition, mouse recombinant interleukin-1alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha also induced Del1 in MLE cells. Del1 may play an important role in tumor angiogenesis through the effects of tumor-derived factors including VEGF.     

胆道闭锁患儿血清GPC3、TGF-β1和VEGF水平与肝硬度值和肝功能的关系研究

目的:研究胆道闭锁(BA)患儿血清磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖3(GPC3)、转化生子因子β1(TGF-β1)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平与肝硬度值和肝功能的关系。方法:选择2016月3月-2019年3月期间在我院接受Kasai手术治疗的62例BA患儿作为研究对象(BA组),并根据总胆红素水平分为黄疸患儿(总胆红素≥34.2μmol/L)、无黄疸患儿(总胆红素<34.2μmol/L);另取同期在本院体检的50例健康儿童作为对照组。检测BA组患儿术后2个月、对照组儿童体检时的血清GPC3、TGF-β1、VEGF及肝功能指标白蛋白(ALB)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)的水平及肝硬度值,采用Pearson相关分析血清GPC3、TGF-β1和VEGF水平与肝硬度值和肝功能的相关性。结果:BA组患儿的血清GPC3、TGF-β1、VEGF、ALT、AST、GGT水平及肝硬度值均明显高于对照组(P<0.05),血清ALB水平与对照组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);BA组中黄疸患儿的血清GPC3、TGF-β1、VEGF、ALT、AST、GGT水平及肝硬度值均明显高于无黄疸患儿,血清ALB水平明显低于无黄疸患儿(P<0.05);BA组中血清GPC3、TGF-β1、VEGF水平与血清ALT、AST、GGT水平及肝硬度值呈正相关(P<0.05),与血清ALB水平呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:BA患儿术后GPC3、TGF-β1和VEGF的升高与肝纤维化进程、肝功能破坏有关,未来可能成为研究BA术后肝纤维化发生机制的靶点。