New durophagous arthrodires from Gogo, Western Australia

Three new monotypic genera of eubrachythorarid arthrodires with crushing toothplates are described from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia as Bruntonichthys multidens gen. et sp. nov., Bullerichthysfascidens gen. et sp. nov. and Kendrickkhthys cavemosus gen. et sp. nov. Their structure and relationships are discussed within the framework provided by a sketch cladogram. All three are interchangeable with Coccosteus spp. but their phylogenetic relationships are not known in any detail. However, Kendrickkhthys does appear to be immediately related to Dinomylostoma from North America.     

Eubrachythoracid arthrodires from Gogo, Western Australia

Two monotypic genera of coccosteoid eubrachythoracid arthrodires are described from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia as Compagopiscis gen. nov. and Gogopiscis gen. nov. They are most closely related to Torosteus Gardiner & Miles, also from the Gogo Formation, and all three are placed in the family Plourdosteidae Vezina, 1990; Compagopiscis and Gogopiscis are jointly the sister-group of Torosteus.     

A second eubrachythoracid arthrodire from Gogo, Western Australia

A new genus of long-snouted, eubrachythoracid arthrodire, Camuropiscis gen. nov., is described from the Upper Devonian Gogo formation of Western Australia. It is represented by two species, the type C. concinnus sp. nov. and C. laidlawi sp. nov. These species are interchangeable with Coccosteus spp. in a sketch cladograin for arthrodires; their phylogenetic relationships are not known in any detail. C. concinnus has a well-preserved pelvic girdle and throws new light on the structure of this element in arthrodires.     

A eubrachythoracid arthrodire with a snubnose from Gogo, Western Australia

A new eubrachythoracid arthrodire, Simosteus tuberculatus gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia and its structure and relationships are discussed. It is related to the trematosteids, leiosteids and hadrosteids on the evidence of 'fused' preorbital and postnasal bones.     

A new species of eastmanosteid arthrodire (Pisces: Placodermi) from Gogo, Western Australia

A new species of Eastmanosteus Obruchev is described from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia as E. calliaspis sp. nov. It is at the pachyosteomorph level of organization having no contact between the plates of the flank and those of the ventral shield behind the pectoral fin. Well preserved material of the parasphenoid and scapulocoracoid throws further light on the structure of these elements in arthrodires. The genus Eastmanosteus is reviewed.     

A new camuropiscid arthrodire (Pisces: Placodermi) from Gogo, Western Australia

A new camuropiscid arthrodire, Latocamurus coulthardi gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation, Western Australia. Latocamurus , known from two complete specimens, is recognized as a camuropiscid by its narrow, spindle-shaped armour, deep postnasal plates participating in the orbits, preorbital plates which meet mesially, cheek unit firmly sutured to skull roof, posterior check plates tightly interconnected and much reduced, and the robust durophagous dentition. It is characterized by its downturned snout, broad, flat rostral plate, and narrow, deep parasphenoid. It is placed phyletically as the plesiomorphic sister taxon to all other camuropiscids which are more derived in having, inter alia , an anterior lateral plate which anteriorly contacts the anterior ventrolateral plate and pointed rostral plates. The family Camuropiscidae Dennis & Miles 1979b is redefined to incorporate features of the new genus. Camuropiscids and Incisoscutum are closely related by features of the postnasal plate and cheek.     

New ischnacanthid acanthodians from the Early Devonian of Australia, with comments on acanthodian interrelationships

Rockycampacanthus milesi n.gen., n.sp. is described from a single jaw from the Rocky Camp member of Lower Devonian Buchan Group, E Victoria. Rockycampacanthus differs from other ischnacanthiforms in having large multicuspidate teeth with dual rows of secondary cusps forming a posteromesial flange, a mesial tooth row beginning opposite the fourth cusp of the main tooth row, and in the gnathal bone being deepest in the anterior half. Taemasacanthus erroli n. gen., n. sp. is described from several jaw bones from the Lower Devonian Murrumbidgee Group, New South Wales. Taemasacanthus has a well developed posterolabial flange with secondary cusps developed, vertical rows of denticles on the cusps of the main tooth row and a well developed mesial tooth row separated from the main row by a prominent ridge. The labial face of the jaw has a circular ridge which may have supported labial cartilages. The complex mandibular joint in climatiforms, acanthodiiforms and some primitive sharks differs from the simple jaw articulation of ischnacanthids. It is suggested that ischnacanthids are the plesiomorphic sister group to climatiforms plus acanthodiiforms. The interrelationships of ischnacanthids, climatiforms and acanthodiforms are discussed.     

Reanalysis of Heintzichthys gouldii (Newberry), an aspinothoracid arthrodire (Placodermi) from the Famennian of northern Ohio, with a review of brachythoracid systematics

Heintzichthys gouldii is redescribed based on new material from the Interstate 71 Paleontological Salvage Project (Cleveland Museum of Natural History, 1966-67). Phylogenetic analysis of brachythoracid arthrodires clearly shows the monophyly of Camuropiscidae and the aspinothoracid arthrodires. Heintzichthys gouldii and Gorgonichthys clarki are removed from Dinichthyidae and placed within aspinothoracid arthrodires. The remaining members in the family Dinichthyidae are united solely by plesiomorphic characters. A number of putative synapomorphies for the eubrachythoracid arthrodires are questioned; however, the validity of this taxon is supported by three synapomorphies.     

Rhagada revisited: on the taxonomy of species from the Kimberley and Dampierland,Western Australia (Pulmonata,Camaenidae)

The genus Rhagada is the second most diverse camaenid genus in Australia. We examined anatomical and mitochondrial characters of previously unidentified material from the Kimberley that was earmarked to potentially represent new species in recently published molecular phylogenetic studies. Our comparisons revealed that specimens from Gibbings Island (‘R. sp. Gibbings’) were morphologically and genetically most similar to Rhagada cygna from the Dampier Peninsula. Hence, ‘R. sp. Gibbings’ is considered to be identical to R. cygna. In addition, we found that R. cygna as so delimited is not clearly distinguished from the second species on the Dampier Peninsula, Rhagada bulgana. Both species differ rather subtly in anatomical and mitochondrial characters, indicating their close relationships and potentially incomplete evolutionary differentiation. Furthermore, we describe two new species based on comparative morphology and mitochondrial sequences: Rhagada worora n. sp. from the Prince Regent Reserve in the Kimberley and Rhagada karajarri n. sp. from Dampierland. The present study confirms that species in Rhagada are best identified by means of both morphological and molecular data.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:556E1866-6F9E-4CC0-8ACF-CD56E929501F     

Paurodontella parapitica n. sp. (Nematoda: Hexatylina,Sphaerularioidea) from Kermanshah Province,Western Iran

Paurodontella parapitica n. sp., collected from the rhizosphere of an apple tree in Kermanshah province, western Iran, is described. The new species is characterized by a body length of 505 to 723 µm (females) and 480 to 600 µm (males), lip region continuous by depression; 7 to 8 μm broad, 3 to 4 µm high, stylet length 7 to 9 µm or 1 to 1.3 times the lip region diameter, short postuterine sac of 4 to 6 μm long, lateral fields with five to six incisures; outer incisures crenated and inner incisures weakly crenated, excretory pore situated 90 to 100 µm from anterior end; functional males common in the population, with spicules 24 to 26 μm long. Tail of both sexes similar, almost straight and elongate-conoid. The new species resembles in morphology and morphometrics to four known species of the genus, namely P. apitica, P. minuta, P. myceliophaga, and P. sohailai. The results of phylogenetic analyses based on sequences of D2/D3 expansion region of 28S rRNA gene revealed this genus is polyphyletic in four different clades in Tylenchid.     

湖南晚泥盆世短胸节甲鱼类一新属

本报道的鱼类化石产自湖南石门大京州的上泥盆统写经寺组。在中国泥盆纪地层分区上,化石产地属于华南区的湘、鄂、川交界分区(侯鸿飞等,1988)。该分区泥盆系为一套厚度不超过500m的近岸海相碎屑岩沉积,仅发育中泥盆统上部至上泥盆统(图1),并普遍超覆在志留系温洛克统之上,以角度不整合伏于石炭系或二叠系之下。上泥盆统分两个组,从下而上分别为黄家磴组和写经寺组。黄家磴组系杨敬之、穆恩之(1953)创立,标准地点在湖北长阳马鞍山东端的黄家磴。岩性为砂岩夹少量页岩,植物化石丰富,并含有误订为植物化石的湖北长阳鱼(Changyanophyton hupeiense Sze,1952)。根据植物化石组合面貌,黄家磴组的时代被认为是晚泥盆世早期。写经寺组是谢家荣、刘季辰(1927)创立的。岩性分为二段：下段以泥灰岩为主,含Yunnanella abrupta、Yunnanellina triplicata等腕足类化石;上段以砂页岩为主,含植物化石,其组合面貌除大致与黄家磴组相似外,还有一些新的分子,如Leptophloeum guanzhuangense、Cyclostigma hunanense等。根据动、植物化石群的性质,写经寺组的时代大致与法门期早期相当。多年来,在这一分区的泥盆纪地层里,很少鱼类化石。杨敬之、穆恩之(1953)曾提及在湖北长阳写经寺组底部发现的鱼化石,这些鱼化石与腕足类Yunnanella、Tenticospirifer等共生,但种属并未定出。已记述过的鱼化石只有湖北长阳黄家磴组的长阳鱼(潘江,1962)。     

木霉属产生无色子囊孢子的四个新种（英文）

对来自华中地区的木霉属标本进行了形态解剖、培养特性和序列分析相结合的综合研究,发现该属的4个新种,将其命名为喜温木霉Trichoderma thermophilum、华中木霉T.centrosinicum、大孢木霉T.grande和柠檬黄木霉T.limonium。对新种的菌落形态、有性阶段和无性阶段的特性进行了详尽描述和图示,并对它们与相似种之间的区别分别进行了比较和讨论。序列分析的结果表明,喜温木霉和华中木霉属于Longibrachiatum分支,大孢木霉和柠檬黄木霉属于Brevicompactum分支。首次报道和描述了中国木霉T.sinensis的有性阶段,并指定其附加模式。     

A new pachyosteomorph arthrodire (Pisces: Placodermi) from the Upper Frasnian of the Central Devonian Field,Russia

A new genus and species of pachyosteomorph arthrodire, Omalosteus krutoensis gen. et sp. nov. from shallow-water marine deposits of the Evlanovo Regional Stage (Upper Frasnian, Upper Devonian) of the Central Devonian Field is described. It is tentatively referred to the family Trematosteidae Gross, 1932, which was earlier believed to be endemic to central Europe. The new genus is characterized by a rounded, dorsoventrally compressed cross section of the pectoral region and smooth head shield and postcranial membrane bones. The centrale is elongated, forming a narrow lateral lobe. The praeorbitale, postorbitale, and centrale come in contact in the center of the orbital region. The mediodorsale is wide, its carinal process projects considerably posteriorly. The anterior margin of the anterior ventrolaterale lacks articular facets for the interlaterale.     

Copepods from ground waters of Western Australia, VII. Nitokra humphreysi sp. nov. (Crustacea: Copepoda: Harpacticoida)

Nitokra humphreysi sp. nov. (Harpacticoida: Ameiridae) is described from anchialine ground waters of the Cape Range karst area in northwestern Australia. The new species belongs to those species of the genus Nitokra Boeck, 1865 with a reduced number of spines/setae on the basoendopodite of the female fifth leg. It is remarkably similar to N. reunionensis Bozic, 1969 and to N. laingensis Fiers, 1986, but there are clear distinguishing features. Nitokra humphreysi sp. nov. has clear stygomorphic features, being colourless and lacking the nauplius eye.     

广西下泥盆统南极鱼类(盾皮鱼纲:节甲鱼目)一新属(英文)

依据采自广西平果早泥盆世郁江组中部的化石材料,记述了盾皮鱼纲节甲鱼目南极鱼科的一新属、新种——小眼坡塘鱼(Potangaspis parvoculatusgen.et sp.nov.)。该新属的眶孔很小,且为颅顶甲骨片所完全包围;中点线沟发育,与眶上感觉沟、中心感觉沟和后点线沟一起共同向颈片的骨化中心辏合。系统发育分析表明新属和发现于南极洲中泥盆统的南极鱼属构成姐妹群关系,支持了南极鱼科位于节甲鱼目最基干位置的假说,同时为早埃姆斯期东冈瓦纳大陆与中国南方之间的古地理密切联系提供了新的证据。