千斤拔多糖对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用

为研究千斤拔多糖对正常及免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的调节作用,该研究选用SPF级BALB/c小鼠,免疫抑制小鼠采用隔天皮下注射环磷酰胺(40 mg·kg~(-1))5次,通过测定脾脏、胸腺质量及计算脏器指数,采用碳粒廓清法计算单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能,在鸡红细胞免疫后测定小鼠血清溶血素抗体水平,同时观察高、低剂量千斤拔多糖(剂量分别为500、1 000 kg·d~(-1))对正常小鼠及免疫低下小鼠免疫调节的影响。结果表明:千斤拔多糖高、低剂量组对正常及免疫低下小鼠均有不同程度的增加脾脏指数、胸腺指数的作用;千斤拔多糖高、低剂量组对正常及免疫低下小鼠均能提高廓清指数,但没有统计学意义;千斤拔多糖高剂量组对正常及免疫低下小鼠的血清溶血素抗体水平都有显著性提高。这说明千斤拔多糖能有效提高正常及免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的作用。     

《中国微生态学杂志》总目次

述评迎接微生态学细胞通讯新时代的到…………………………………………………………………………………………来康白(1)论著凝结芽胞杆菌对小鼠免疫功能和粪便胺含量及肠道中氨含量的影…………………………………响王文杰,刘洋,彭珊瑛,等(6)双歧杆菌改善实验性高脂血症小鼠记忆的研………………………………………………………………………究孙晶,刘佳明(9)双歧杆菌预防大肠癌生长的凋亡途………………………………………………………………径唐铭坚,王立生,朱忠生,等(11)中老年奶粉对肠道菌群、血清免疫球蛋白及钙的影…………………………     

纯大鲵粉对小鼠抗疲劳作用及免疫功能的影响

目的 考察纯大鲵粉对小鼠免疫功能的影响和抗疲劳作用.方法 纯大鲵粉小鼠灌胃,检测免疫器官指数、血清溶血素含量、脾抗体细胞生产数、碳粒廓清指数、耳肿胀度,研究对小鼠免疫功能的影响.测定小鼠负重游泳时间,检测血乳酸、血清尿素氮及肝糖原含量,研究其抗疲劳作用.结果 纯大鲵粉能增加小鼠免疫功能,延长小鼠游泳时间,降低血乳酸变化幅度,提高肝糖元储备,降低尿素氮含量.结论 纯大鲵粉具增强小鼠免疫功能和抗疲劳作用.     

玛咖醇提物对正常小鼠免疫功能的影响

本文采用小鼠碳粒廓清、植物血凝素(PHA)诱导淋巴细胞转化,以及血清溶血素和抗体生成细胞测定等实验,研究南美植物玛咖的乙醇提取物对正常小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果表明,玛咖醇提物显著提高PHA诱导的淋巴细胞转化,促进血清溶血素生成,并增加抗体生成细胞的产生,而对单核巨噬细胞的吞噬功能无显著影响。因此,玛咖醇提取物可提高正常小鼠细胞和体液免疫功能,增强机体抵抗力。     

水解南珠片对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响

本实验以腹腔注射环磷酰胺建立免疫低下小鼠模型,灌胃给予水解南珠片高、中和低剂量(2.04 g/kg,1.02 g/kg和0.51 g/kg)30 d,观察水解南珠片对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果显示,水解南珠片高剂量(2.04 g/kg)能显著提高免疫低下小鼠单核巨噬细胞系统碳粒廓清指数K(p0.05);水解南珠片高、中、低剂量(2.04 g/kg,1.02 g/kg,0.51 g/kg)能显著提高免疫低下小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞相对数量(p0.01);水解南珠片高、中剂量(2.04 g/kg,1.02 g/kg)能显著提高免疫低下小鼠血清溶血素吸光度值(p0.01)。上述结果表明,水解南珠片对免疫功能低下小鼠的固有免疫、细胞免疫和体液免疫功能均有一定的增强作用。     

凝结芽胞杆菌活菌片对实验性腹泻小鼠的治疗作用

目的 观察凝结芽胞杆菌活菌片对氨苄青霉素钠诱发的小鼠腹泻的治疗作用。方法利用氨苄青霉素钠口服诱发小鼠实验性腹泻和肠道菌群失调,然后用凝结芽胞杆菌活菌片,口服,每天2次,共4d,观察治疗后的小鼠排便和肠道菌群变化。结果在各给药组中,治疗第1天有70％～85％的小鼠排正常便,生理盐水组只有10％排正常便（P〈0．01）;治疗第2天给药组中有80％～90％的小鼠排正常便,生理盐水组仅为50％（P〈0．01）。肠道菌群分析结果表明,凝结芽胞杆菌在治疗第2天开始定植,停药第7天后逐渐消失,定植期为10d左右。在各给药组中,治疗第2天肠道菌群开始恢复,第4天均升高到正常,而生理盐水组的恢复比各给药组显著的慢（P〈0．01）。结论 凝结芽胞杆菌活菌片对小鼠实验性腹泻有明显的止泻作用,并能加速肠道菌群的恢复。     

兔小囊肽对免疫功能低下小鼠的免疫调节作用

通过腹腔注射地塞米松(DEX)建立小鼠免疫低下模型,探讨兔小囊肽(RSRP)对正常小鼠和免疫低下小鼠的免疫调节作用.采用碳廓清实验、MTT法和流式细胞分析等方法检测小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬功能、脾脏T、B淋巴细胞的增殖以及T细胞亚群.实验结果表明RSRP可以显著提高免疫低下小鼠的脾脏指数(p＜0.01);提高免疫低下小鼠的碳廓清指数k和吞噬指数a(p＜0.01);RSRP还明显拮抗DEX对脾脏T、B淋巴细胞增殖的抑制作用,提高CD4 、CD8 细胞数量,使CD4 、CD8 细胞比值上升(p＜0.01);RSRP对正常小鼠的各项免疫指标也具有一定的促进作用.由此可以看出,RSRP可以明显改善免疫低下小鼠的先天性免疫和获得性免疫功能,具有良好的免疫增强作用.     

凝结芽胞杆菌BC01对白羽肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官指数及肠道大肠埃希菌的影响

为研究在饲料中添加凝结芽胞杆菌BC01对白羽肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官指数及肠道大肠埃希菌的影响,将240只白羽肉鸡随机分为4组,试验组1、试验组2、试验组3在饲料中添加凝结芽胞杆菌BC01的终浓度分别为1×10~8、2×10~8、3×10~8 cfu/kg,对照组日粮中不添加任何微生态制剂,饲养6周。结果显示,日粮中添加凝结芽胞杆菌BC01可显著提高肉鸡平均日增重(P0.05),显著降低料重比(P0.05),降低死淘率(P0.05),胸腺指数、法氏囊指数均显著高于对照组(P0.05),降低肠道中的大肠埃希菌数量。结果表明,日粮中添加凝结芽胞杆菌BC01,对肉鸡的生长性能有一定的促进作用,提高饲料转化率,提升肉鸡的免疫力,提高肉鸡饲养的经济价值。凝结芽胞杆菌BC01的最佳添加浓度为每公斤饲料添加2×10~8 cfu/kg。     

短小棒状杆菌对小鼠实体瘤及免疫功能的影响

目的研究短小棒状杆菌对H22荷瘤小鼠及其免役功能的影响。方法采用抑瘤实验、小鼠碳廓清实验、MTT法观察短小棒状杆菌对小鼠实体瘤和免疫功能的影响。结果短小棒状杆菌可使荷瘤小鼠的碳廓清指数、胸腺指数、脾脏指数升高,并由刀豆蛋白(ConA)、脂多糖(LPS)诱导体外小鼠T、B淋巴细胞增殖,能够抑制小鼠实体瘤生长。结论短小棒状杆菌能够增强小鼠机体免疫功能,并有抑瘤作用。     

凝结芽胞杆菌对免疫功能影响的实验研究

目的 研究凝结芽胞杆菌（TQ33）对实验动物免疫功能模型的影响。方法 以鸡红细胞混悬液对小鼠腹腔注射,观察TQ33对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响;制备绵羊红细胞（SRBC）,观察血球凝集程度,测定血清溶血素;以靶细胞（YAC-1细胞）与脾细胞（效应细胞）的反应检测TQ33。对小鼠NK细胞活性的影响;采用淋巴细胞转化法观察TQ33对细胞免疫的影响;计算小鼠胸腺／体重及脾脏／体重为脏器系数观察TQ33对小鼠脏器的影响。结果 与对照组比较,TQ33显著增加小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能;对小鼠体液免疫功能有一定的增强作用;可增强小鼠NK细胞活性;对ConA诱导下的小鼠淋巴细胞转化有增强作用;对脏器系数没有显著的影响。结论 凝结芽胞杆菌具有明显的免疫调节作用,预示有良好的应用前景。     

Impacts of functional oligosaccharide on intestinal immune modulation in immunosuppressive mice

In order to research the role of soybean oligosaccharides (SBOSs) on improvements in the microenvironment of intestinal flora and immune function of cyclophosphamide (CTX) immunosuppressive mice. Via giving intragastric administration of Soybean oligosaccharide (SBOS) at the low dose (50/(kg·BW)/d), the middle dose (200 mg/(kg·BW)/d) and the high dose (500 mg/(kg·BW)/d) partly once a day, which is also 28 days in a row. At the same time, (SBOS) mice in the drug group and (CG) mice in the positive control group were given intraabdominal injection of CTX (200 mg/kg/d).The immunosuppressive mouse model (CY) was established after 72 h in the model group and the positive control group (CG) was given intragastric administration of levamisole hydrochloric acid (LMS) for 3 days, with the data of 80ug/kg/d after injection of CTX (for actually 72 h). On the 8th, 15th and 22nd day, the number of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Clostridium perfringens m in the feces of mice in each dose of drug group were determined. After the test resulted, the cellular immune function, humoral immune function, monocyte/macrophage function, NK cell activity and cytokine secretion (tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-gamma and IL-4) were measured in immunosuppressive mice each group. The results showed that 200 mg/(kg BW) soybean oligosaccharide could significantly promote the proliferation and inhibit the increase of Enterococcus in immunosuppressive mice. The soybean oligosaccharide of 500 mg/(kg BW) could dramatically promote the proliferation of both Bifidobacillus and Lactobacillus, and also inhibit the increase of both Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus in immunosuppressive mice. The regulatory function of SBOS on intestinal flora was positive. Soybean oligosaccharide (500 mg/(kg BW) could significantly promote the proliferation of Bifidobacillus and Lactobacillus in immunosuppressive mice and inhibit the increase of Enterococcus and Enterococcus. The proliferation of spleen lymphocytes induced by ConA, LPS in immunosuppressive mice was dose-dependent. But it was still lower than that of the normal group (CG0) (p > 0.05). The serum hemolysin level of immunosuppressive mice was significantly increased in each dose group (p < 0.05), and the level of antibody forming cells in spleen cells of each dose group was significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the level of antibody forming cells in spleen cells of each dose group was significantly higher than that of low dose group (p < 0.005), and the level of serum hemolysin in immunosuppressive mice was significantly increased in each dose group (p < 0.05). In the detection of immune effector cell activity in immunosuppressive mice, the phagocytic function of macrophages in high dose group and the natural killing activity of spleen NK cells in high dose drug group were significantly increased, which were not significantly different from those in positive control group (P < 0.05), but the expression of TNF-α, INF-γ and IL-4 cytokines in serum was increased in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). In conclusion, soybean oligosaccharide can significantly increase the diversity of intestinal microecology, increase the number of intestinal beneficial bacteria, has a correlation with the proliferation of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the intestinal tract, and inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria. The results showed that SBOS had a direct effect on the proliferation of intestinal flora under immunosuppression. Based on the improvement of intestinal microenvironment in immunosuppressive mice by soybean oligosaccharide for 25 days, the results showed that compared with the positive control group, the nonspecific and specific immunity of immunosuppressive mice in the drug group had a regulatory effect, which improved the phagocytic function of monocytes/macrophages, developed the level of antibody forming cells, enhanced the standard of the killing activity of NK cells, and promoted the expression of cytokines as well. Compared with the model group, the transformation and proliferation of spleen lymphocytes in the high and middle dose groups were remarkably increased, but all of the indexes did not reach the level of the normal blank group. By studying the improvement of intestinal microenvironment in immunosuppressive mice, to some extent, it is concluded that the proliferation of intestinal flora can improve the immunomodulatory function of the body, but it still lowers the normal immune degree, which reflects the immunomodulatory effect of the body on the stimulation of continuous external intake. The results demonstrate that the immunomodulatory ability of immunosuppressive body was insensitive to SBOS and provided a theoretical basis for the study of health care function of intestinal microenvironment improvement when SBOS acted on abnormal immune function. The results also improved the practical application value of SBOS.     

马鹿茸血酶解肽体内免疫功能及抗氧化功能关系的研究

本文分别选用由木瓜蛋白酶水解天山马鹿茸血获得的肽Ⅰ、肽Ⅱ以及原血为受试样品,研究天山马鹿茸血及其酶解肽对小鼠免疫功能和抗氧化功能的影响,其中肽Ⅰ、肽ⅡDH分别为18．1％、12．2％时,清除OH&#183;能力最强,清除率为50．8％。分别测定了脏器指数,脾细胞增殖实验,血清中溶血素和抗体生成细胞的含量以及小鼠血清总抗氧化能力、SOD活力和MDA含量。结果表明：与对照组相比较,肽Ⅱ组能极显著提高小鼠体液和细胞免疫功能,加强小鼠的抗氧化功能（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）。此外,具有较强抗氧化活性的肽显示出了很强的免疫活性（P〈0．05）。     

鼠李糖乳杆菌LV108及其发酵乳免疫调节作用的比较

目的 探讨鼠李糖乳杆菌LV108及其发酵乳对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的调节作用。 方法 将BALB/c小鼠随机分为5组,每组10只,即空白组(正常小鼠)、模型组(免疫抑制小鼠)、药物组(免疫抑制小鼠食物中添加左旋咪唑)、LV108菌悬液组(免疫抑制小鼠食物中添加LV108菌悬液)和LV108发酵乳组(免疫抑制小鼠食物中添加LV108发酵乳),除空白组外其余组构建免疫抑制小鼠模型。干预4周后,分别测定各组小鼠体质量和脏器指数,血清中白细胞介素2(IL2)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量,血清溶血素含量、耳肿胀度和肝、脾巨噬细胞吞噬能力。 结果 相比模型组,LV108菌悬液组和LV108发酵乳组小鼠体质量增长速度、脏器指数、血清IL2与IgG水平、血清溶血值、耳肿胀度和巨噬细胞吞噬能力显著升高(均P结论 LV108菌体及发酵乳对免疫抑制小鼠具备较全面的免疫调节作用,均可提高小鼠的自身免疫力;LV108发酵乳对小鼠的免疫调节作用强于LV108菌体。     

凝结芽孢杆菌在动物饲料中的应用

随着我国“饲料禁抗, 养殖减抗”政策的实施, 饲料及动保企业都在寻找合理有效的抗生素替代品。目前, 人们对以凝结芽孢杆菌为主的饲用微生态制剂进行了很多的实证试验, 替抗效果也逐渐得到行业认可。凝结芽孢杆菌拥有乳酸菌和芽孢菌的双重特性, 能耐受饲料制粒温度存活, 到达胃肠道后萌发并分泌代谢产物, 最终促进畜禽的肠道健康。本文对凝结芽孢杆菌的生物学特性和生物学功能进行阐述, 总结了近年来凝结芽孢杆菌在畜禽、水产和生物饲料中的应用研究, 以期为凝结芽孢杆菌在畜牧养殖中的合理应用提供参考。

     

解淀粉芽孢杆菌在畜牧业中的应用进展

解淀粉芽孢杆菌是一种广泛应用于养殖业的益生菌。该菌可通过降低畜舍内氨气等有害气体的含量、减少畜禽粪便中钙及磷等物质的排出量并降低畜舍空气中大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌等有害微生物的数量等方式来改善畜舍环境。同时解淀粉芽孢杆菌能促进细胞免疫因子的分泌,提高动物的免疫力,缓解畜禽的免疫应激。此外,该菌还能分解难以降解的纤维素,中和抗营养因子,促进饲料在肠道内的消化,提高饲料转化率。本文就解淀粉芽孢杆菌在上述几方面的作用进行阐述,以期为该菌在动物生产中的应用提供理论依据。