甲状腺素对雄性去势大鼠垂体分泌LH的反应性及其在血浆中浓度的影响

本文观察了雄性去势大鼠注射T_4后对血浆和垂体组织LH含量的影响及垂体对不同剂量的LHRHa的反应性。结果表明血浆LH含量与去势对照组相比,7.5μg组的第3、6、9天明显低(P<0.05),2.5和5.0μg组各天则无差异(P>0.05)。各组对100ng/100克体重LHRHa的反应比对500ng的要大,T_4 7.5μg组对LHRHa最大反应出现的时间比2.5和5.0μg组的推迟60min。垂体重量和LH含量各组无差异(P>0.05)。结果提示:7.5μg T_4对雄性去势大鼠的LH分泌和对垂体的LHRHa反应均显示抑制作用。     

由温度引起的太行花雄性不育的细胞学和细胞化学研究

应用受温度控制的太行花 ( Taihangia rupestris Yü et Li)雄蕊发育或败育的试管花实验系统 ,比较研究了雄蕊发育和败育过程的细胞学和细胞化学变化。结果表明 ,雄性败育过程具有以下的细胞学和细胞化学特点 :雄蕊败育的细胞学变化发生在小孢子母细胞时期。在此时期以前从雄蕊原基到初生小孢子母细胞时期 ,其细胞学过程是正常的 ;在这正常的细胞学过程时期 ,细胞中没有任何多糖的累积 ,而在正常发育的雄蕊中这种累积本应在花丝和花药中大量发生。作者认为 ,这种先于形态学变化的细胞化学变化对于寻找由温度引起的雄性不育的原因可能是十分重要的     

麻醉劑(巴比妥類)對於鹽酸引起胰液分泌的影響

本實驗比較急性實驗狗、慢性胰瘻狗和經過麻醉的慢性胰屢狗對於鹽酸注入小腸所引起的胰液分泌量和潛伏期,結果證明: (1)在急性實驗情况下,狗胰腺對鹽酸刺激小腸所引起的胰液分泌量遠較在慢性實驗時為少,且潛伏期較長。 (2)巴比妥類麻醉劑:硫賁妥鈉(sodium pentothal)和戊烷巴比妥鈉(sodiumpentobarbital)對鹽酸所引起的胰液分泌量及潛伏期影響極微。 (3)在急性實驗情况下,由鹽酸所引起的胰液分泌量的減少和潛伏期的加長,似乎不是由於巴比妥類麻醉劑的作用,而可能是由於手術創傷的影響。 (4)注射阿托平後,胰腺對於鹽酸刺激小腸所引起的反應顯著减小,故推测在鹽酸引起胰液分泌的機制中可能有神經反射作用的參與。本工作在进行過程中,承蘇聯專家同志親切地給予指導,并承沈(?)淇、劉曾復二教授关懷和支持,(?)此誌謝。     

垂体柄阻滞麻醉对急性失血时大鼠血浆ACTH分泌的影响

目的 :探讨肽能神经纤维进入垂体前叶的途径及神经纤维的功能。方法① :经咽旁入路切断大鼠垂体柄 ,术后 8d观察垂体前叶内CGRP免疫反应阳性纤维密度的变化。结果 :切断垂体柄术后一周垂体前叶内约 80 %的CGRP免疫反应阳性纤维消失 ,提示至少绝大部分的CGRP免疫反应纤维经过垂体柄进入垂体前叶 ,残留纤维是溃变不完全抑或是另有来源尚不清楚。方法② :暴露大鼠垂体柄。切除或保留肾上腺 ,保温静置 60min后局麻垂体柄 ,股动脉放血刺激ACTH分泌。结果 :①切除肾上腺并局麻垂体柄大鼠 ,急性失血后 5min内ACTH水平低于对照组 ,在 3min时间点差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 )。保留肾上腺组大鼠局麻垂体柄后对失血的应激反应亦呈同样趋势。结论 :上述结果提示垂体柄内可能存在兴奋性纤维促进急性失血后ACTH的快速分泌反应 ,但该作用可能被迅速增强的CRH作用逐渐掩盖 ;②急性失血后各组大鼠垂体前叶POMCmRNA变化不明显。     

CYTOLOGICAL EXPRESSIONS OF A CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY IN SOLANUM

Anther contents of plants expressing the cytoplasm-gene interaction that results in anther indehiscence were studied under the light microscope. Plants could be classified in four groups on the basis of anther content: (1) A blockage resulted from cessation of development principally during the stages of meiosis of apparently normal sporocytes. This produced anthers in open flowers that usually contained monads or dyads. (2) Disorganization of sporocytes during first meiotic prophase resulted in irregularity of disjunction during the two meiotic divisions. Sporocytes produced quartet-stage clumps having more than four cells. Microspores failed to grow beyond early stages of exine development. (3) Abnormal small pollen having a very thick exine. (4) Normal pollen present in anthers that lacked terminal pores. The variety of anther content types resulted from presence of modifying genes rather than from differing actions of genes that conditioned indehiscence itself. Expression was not modified by environmental fluctuations, and plants did not show chimeral sectors having changed anther contents or dehiscent anthers.     

TEMPERATURE DETERMINATION OF MALE OUTCROSSING ABILITY IN A SIMULTANEOUS HERMAPHRODITE

Phally, a genital dimorphism found in some species of self-compatible simultaneous hermaphrodites, presents an opportunity to examine factors maintaining outcrossing within an animal species in the presence of recombination. Both aphallics and euphallics can self-fertilize but only euphallics develop a functional penis and prostate allowing them to donate sperm. Previous studies of phally in the gastropod Bulinus truncatus (Mollusca: Pulmonata) suggest that phally may be under direct genetic control in some populations and strongly influenced by environmental factors in others. Experiments reported here identify temperature as a cue affecting phally determination in two populations of B. truncatus. In both populations, a higher proportion of euphallics was produced at low temperature (22 ± 1°C) than at high temperature (30 ± 1°C). Temperatures experienced by parents did not affect the proportion of euphallics they produced. Instead, phally was sensitive to temperature during the egg stage postoviposition and during the hatchling stage; the relative influence of temperature before and after hatching varied between populations. The total number of hatchlings reaching maturity at high and low temperature did not differ, but at low temperature, snails took longer to hatch and mature, and had lower survivorship. Just as studies of environmental sex determination have shed light on selective pressures influencing sex ratio evolution, we suggest that temperature-sensitive phally determination may shed light on the selective pressures maintaining outcrossing in B. truncatus.     

一个三分子反应系统的极限环的渐近解

本文给出了一个三分子反应系统的极限环的渐近解析式．