Natronolimnobius baerhuensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Natronolimnobius innermongolicus sp. nov., novel haloalkaliphilic archaea isolated from soda lakes in Inner Mongolia, China

Three novel isolates of haloalkaliphilic archaea, strains IHC-005^T, IHC-010, and N-1311^T, from soda lakes in Inner Mongolia, China, were characterized to elucidate their taxonomic positions. The three strains were aerobic, Gram-negative chemoorganotrophs growing optimally at 37–45°C, pH 9.0–9.5, and 15–20% NaCl. Cells of strains IHC-005^T/IHC-010 were motile rods, while those of strain N-1311^T were non-motile pleomorphic flats or cocci. The three strains contained diphytanyl and phytanyl-sesterterpanyl diether derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerophosphate methyl ester. No glycolipids were detected. On phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, they formed an independent cluster in the Natro group of the family Halobacteriaceae. Comparison of their morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties, DNA G+C content and 16S rRNA gene sequences, and DNA-DNA hybridization study support the view that strains IHC-005^T/IHC-010 and strain N-1311^T represent separate species. Therefore, we propose Natronolimnobius baerhuensis gen. nov., sp. nov. for strains IHC-005^T (=CGMCC 1.3597^T =JCM 12253^T)/IHC-010 (=CGMCC 1.3598=JCM 12254) and Natronolimnobius innermongolicus sp. nov. for N-1311^T (=CGMCC 1.2124^T =JCM 12255^T).     

Bullera anomala sp. nov. and Bullera pseudovariabilis sp. nov., two new ballistoconidium-forming yeast species from Yunnan,China

Two ballistoconidium-forming yeast strains, CH 2.504 and CH 2.509, were isolated from the wilting leaves of Parthenocissus sp. collected in Yunnan, China in 1996. These two strains were assigned to the genus Bullera Derx by the characteristics of forming rotationally symmetric ballistoconidia, containing xylose in the cell hydrolysates and having Q-10 as the major ubiquinone. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (18S rDNA) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequences revealed that CH 2.504 is closely related to B. variabilis Nakase & Suzuki, while CH 2.509 is located in a clearly separate clade among the described Bullera species and related taxa. The results indicated that CH 2.509 represents a new species, for which Bullera anomala sp. nov. is the proposed name (type strain AS 2.2094^T). Further DNA-DNA reassociation data showed that CH 2.504 also represents a distinct species, for which the name Bullera pseudovariabilis sp. nov. is given (type strain AS 2.2092^T). This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Description of four novel species of Xenorhabdus, family Enterobacteriaceae: Xenorhabdus budapestensis sp. nov., Xenorhabdus ehlersii sp. nov., Xenorhabdus innexi sp. nov., and Xenorhabdus szentirmaii sp. nov

The taxonomic affiliation was determined for four Xenorhabdus strains isolated from four Steinernema hosts from different countries. As compared to the five validly described Xenorhabdus species, i.e., X. nematophila, X. japonica, X. beddingii, X. bovienii and X. poinarii, these isolates represented novel species on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and riboprint patterns, as well as by physiological and metabolic properties. They were named Xenorhabdus budapestensis sp. nov., type strain DSM 16342^T, isolated from Steinernema bicornutum; Xenorhabdus ehlersii sp. nov., type strain DSM 16337^T, isolated from Steinernema serratum; Xenorhabdus innexi sp. nov., type strain DSM 16336^T isolated from Steinernema scapterisci; and Xenorhabdus szentirmaii sp. nov., type strain DSM 16338^T, isolated from Steinernema rarum.     

Pelotomaculum terephthalicum sp. nov. and Pelotomaculum isophthalicum sp. nov.: two anaerobic bacteria that degrade phthalate isomers in syntrophic association with hydrogenotrophic methanogens

An anaerobic phthalate isomer-degrading strain (JT^T) that we previously isolated was characterized. In addition, a strictly anaerobic, mesophilic, syntrophic phthalate isomer-degrading bacterium, designated strain JI^T, was isolated and characterized in this study. Both were non-motile rods that formed spores. In both strains, the optimal growth was observed at temperatures around 37°C and neutral pH. In syntrophic co-culture with the hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanospirillum hungatei, both strains could utilize two or three phthalate isomers for growth, and produce acetate and methane as end products. Strain JT^T was able to grow on isophthalate, terephthalate, and a number of low-molecular weight aromatic compounds, such as benzoate, hydroquinone, 2-hydroxybenzoate, 3-hydroxybenzoate, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate, 3-phenylpropionate in co-culture with M. hungatei. It could also grow on crotonate, hydroquinone and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate in pure culture. Strain JI^T utilized all of the three phthalate isomers as well as benzoate and 3-hydroxybenzoate for growth in co-culture with M. hungatei. No substrates were, however, found to support the axenic growth of strain JI^T. Neither strain JT^T nor strain JI^T could utilize sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, nitrate, fumarate, Fe (III) or 4-hydroxybenzoate as electron acceptor. Phylogenetically, strains JT^T and JI^T were relatively close to the members of the genera Pelotomaculum and Cryptanaerobacter in ‘Desulfotomaculum lineage I’. Physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics indicated that the two isolates should be classified into the genus Pelotomaculum, creating two novel species for them. Here, we propose Pelotomaculum terephthalicum sp. nov. and Pelotomaculum isophthalicum sp. nov. for strain JT^T and strain JI^T, respectively. The type strains are strains JT^T (= DSM 16121^T = JCM 11824^T = NBRC 100523^T) and JI^T (= JCM 12282^T = BAA-1053^T) for P. terephthalicum and P. isophthalicum, respectively.Nucleotide sequence accession number: The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains JT^T and JI^T are AB091323 and AB232785, respectively     

Two new species of the genus Candida in the Zygoascus clade, Candida lundiana sp. nov. and Candida suthepensis sp. nov., isolated from raw honey in Thailand

During a survey of yeasts associated with raw honey collected in Thailand, two strains of the Zygoascus clade were isolated from the Asian cavity-nesting honeybee Apis cerana and the stingless bee Homotrigona fimbriata. Phylogeny based on 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequences placed these yeasts as members of a clade including Candida bituminiphila, Candida patagonica and Candida polysorbophila. The strains of the two novel species, CBS 12271^T and CBS 12270^T, respectively, could be unquestionably distinguished from their relatives by rDNA sequences and other taxonomic characteristics. Therefore, the novel anamorphic species, Candida lundiana sp. nov. (type strain CBS 12271^T = JCM 16823^T) and Candida suthepensis sp. nov. (type strain CBS 12270^T = JCM 16822^T) are described.     

Specificity of Yeast Sensitivity to the Mycocin of Tilletiopsis flava VKM Y-2823

The mycocinogenous strain Tilletiopsis flava VKM Y-2823 was found to possess fungicidal activity at pH 3.5–4.5, which was retained after curing the strain by eliminating the extrachromosomal genetic elements. The mycocin produced by the strain had a molecular mass of more than 10 kDa and was readily inactivated by heating and treatment with protease K. This mycocin was found to be active against species of the anamorphic genus Tilletiopsis. The overwhelming majority of other representatives of the order Tilletiales, as well as ascomycetous and basidiomycetous (including ballistosporous) yeasts of the orders Sporidiales and Tremellales, were resistant to it.     

Four novel <Emphasis Type="Italic">Candida</Emphasis> species in the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Candida albicans</Emphasis>/<Emphasis Type="Italic">Lodderomyces elongisporus</Emphasis> clade isolated from the gut of flower beetles

Flower-visiting beetles belonging to three species of Cetoniidae were collected on three mountains near Beijing, China, and yeasts were isolated from the gut of the insects collected. Based on the 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequence analysis and phenotypic characterization, four novel anamorphic yeast species located in the Candida albicans/Lodderomyces elongisporus clade were identified from 18 of the strains isolated. The new species and type strains are designated as Candida blackwellae AS 2.3639^T (=CBS 10843^T), Candida jiufengensis AS 2.3688^T (=CBS 10846^T), Candida oxycetoniae AS 2.3656^T (=CBS 10844^T), and Candida pseudojiufengensis AS 2.3693^T (=CBS 10847^T). C. blackwellae sp. nov. was basal to the branch formed by C. albicans and C. dubliniensis with moderately strong bootstrap support. The closest relative of C. oxycetoniae was L. elongisporus. C. jiufengensis sp. nov. and C. pseudojiufengensis sp. nov. were closely related with each other and formed a branch in a subclade represented by C. parapsilosis and L. elongisporus.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Tindallia texcoconensis</Emphasis> sp. nov., a new haloalkaliphilic bacterium isolated from lake Texcoco,Mexico

A new alkaliphilic and moderately halophilic, strictly anaerobic, fermentative bacterium (strain IMP-300^T) was isolated from a groundwater sample in the zone of the former soda lake Texcoco in Mexico. Strain IMP-300^T was Gram-positive, non-sporulated, motile and rod-shaped. It grew within a pH range from 7.5 to 10.5, and an optimum at 9.5. The organism was obligately dependent on the presence of sodium salts. Growth showed an optimum at 35°C with absence of growth above 45°C. It fermented peptone and a few amino acids, preferentially arginine and ornithine, with production of acetate, propionate, and ammonium. Its fatty acid pattern was mainly composed of straight chain saturated, unsaturated, and cyclopropane fatty acids. The G + C content of genomic DNA was 40.0 mol%. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the new isolate belongs to the genus Tindallia, in the low G + C Gram-positive phylum. Phylogenetically, strain IMP-300^T has Tindallia californiensis, as closest relative with a 97.5% similarity level between their 16S rDNA gene sequences, but the DNA–DNA re-association value between the two DNAs was only 42.2%. On the basis of differences in genotypic, phenotypic, and phylogenetic characteristics, strain IMP-300^T is proposed as a new species of the genus Tindallia, T. texcoconensis sp. nov. (type strain IMP-300^T = DSM 18041^T = JCM 13990^T).     

Defluviimonas denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov., and Pararhodobacter aggregans gen. nov., sp. nov., non-phototrophic Rhodobacteraceae from the biofilter of a marine aquaculture

Three Gram-negative bacterial strains were isolated from the biofilter of a recirculating marine aquaculture. They were non-pigmented rods, mesophiles, moderately halophilic, and showed chemo-organoheterotrophic growth on various sugars, fatty acids, and amino acids, with oxygen as electron acceptor; strains D9-3^T and D11-58 were in addition able to denitrify. Phototrophic or fermentative growth could not be demonstrated. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences placed D9-3^T and D11-58, and D1-19^T on two distinct branches within the alpha-3 proteobacterial Rhodobacteraceae, affiliated with, but clearly separate from, the genera Rhodobacter, Rhodovulum, and Rhodobaca. Based on morphological, physiological, and 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic characteristics, the isolated strains are proposed as new species of two novel genera, Defluviimonas denitrificans gen. nov., sp. nov. (type strain D9-3^T = DSM 18921^T = ATCC BAA-1447^T; additional strain D11-58 = DSM19039 = ATCC BAA-1448) and Pararhodobacter aggregans gen. nov., sp. nov (type strain D1-19^T = DSM 18938^T = ATCC BAA-1446^T).     

Molecular and phenotypic characterization of Leptospira johnsonii sp. nov., Leptospira ellinghausenii sp. nov. and Leptospira ryugenii sp. nov. isolated from soil and water in Japan

In a previous study, 50 of 132 soil samples collected throughout Japan were found to be Leptospira‐positive. In the present study, three strains identified in the collected specimens, three, E8, E18 and YH101, were found to be divergent from previously described Leptospira species according to 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis. These three strains have a helical shape similar to that of typical Leptospira and were not re‐isolated from experimental mice inoculated with the cultured strains. Upon 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis, E8 was found to belong to the intermediate Leptospira species clade and E18 and YH101 to belong to the saprophytic Leptospira species clade. Based on analyses of genome‐to‐genome distances and average nucleotide identity in silico using whole genome sequences and DNA–DNA hybridization in vitro, these isolates were found to be distinct from previously described Leptospira species. Therefore, these three isolates represent novel species of the genus Leptospira for which the names Leptospira johnsonii sp. nov., (type strain E8 ^T, = JCM 32515 ^T = CIP111620 ^T), Leptospira ellinghausenii sp. nov., (type strain E18 ^T, = JCM 32516 ^T = CIP111618 ^T) and Leptospira ryugenii sp. nov., (type strain YH101 ^T, = JCM 32518 ^T = CIP111617 ^T) are proposed.     

Actinoplanes capillaceus sp. nov., a new species of the genus Actinoplanes

Two motile actinomycete strains, K95–5561^T and K95–5562, were isolated from a soil sample collected at Sayama City, Saitama Prefecture, Japan. They produced bell shaped spore vesicles (sporangia) with hairy surfaces on substrate hyphae. When released into water, the sporangiospores became motile by a tuft of polar flagella. The chemotaxonomic and morphological characteristics together with 16S rRNA gene sequence data indicated that the two isolates belonged to the genus Actinoplanes. The two strains were assigned to a single species on the basis of phenotypic, notably cultural, morphological and physiological characteristics, and DNA-DNA pairing data. The two strains were distinguished from representatives of all validly described species of Actinoplanes using a combination of genotypic and phenotypic properties. It is, therefore, proposed that strains K95–5561 and K95–5562 be recognized as a new species of the genus Actinoplanes with the name Actinoplanes capillaceus sp. nov. The type strain of the species is strain K95–5561^T (=JCM 10268^T =IFO 16408^T). The invalidly proposed species `Ampullariella cylindrica', `Ampullariella pekinensis' and `Ampullariella pilifera' were assigned to Actinoplanes capillaceus on the basis of genotypic and phenotypic data.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Thermococcus marinus</Emphasis> sp. nov. and<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Thermococcus radiotolerans</Emphasis> sp. nov., two hyperthermophilic archaea from deep-sea hydrothermal vents that resist ionizing radiation

Enrichments for anaerobic, organotrophic hyperthermophiles were performed with hydrothermal chimney samples collected from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at a depth of 3,550 m (23°22N, 44°57W) and the Guaymas Basin (27°01N, 111°24W) at a depth of 2,616 m. Positive enrichments were submitted to -irradiation at doses of 20 and 30 kGy. Two hyperthermophilic, anaerobic, sulfur-metabolizing archaea were isolated. Strain EJ1^T was isolated from chimney samples collected from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge after -irradiation at 20 kGy, and strain EJ2^T was isolated from the Guaymas Basin after -irradiation at 30 kGy. Only strain EJ2^T was motile, and both formed regular cocci. These new strains grew between 55 and 95 °C with the optimal temperature being 88 °C. The optimal pH for growth was 6.0, and the optimal NaCl concentration for growth was around 20 g l^–1. These strains were obligate anaerobic heterotrophs that utilized yeast extract, tryptone, and peptone as a carbon source for growth. Ten amino acids were essential for the growth of strain EJ1^T, such as arginine, aspartic acid, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, threonine, tyrosine, and valine, while strain EJ2^T was unable to grow on a mixture of amino acids. Elemental sulfur or cystine was required for EJ2^T growth and was reduced to hydrogen sulfide. Rifampicin inhibited growth for both strains EJ1^T and EJ2^T. The G+C contents of the genomic DNA were 52.3 and 54.5 mol% for EJ1^T and EJ2^T, respectively. As determined by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, these strains were more closely related to Thermococcus gorgonarius, T. celer, T. guaymasensis, T. profundus, and T. hydrothermalis. However, no significant homology was observed between them with DNA–DNA hybridization. These novel organisms also possess phenotypic traits that differ from those of its closest phylogenetic relatives. Therefore, it is proposed that these isolates, which are amongst the most radioresistant hyperthermophilic archaea known to date with T. gammatolerans (Jolivet et al. 2003a), should be described as novel species T. marinus sp. nov. and T. radiotolerans sp. nov. The type strain of T. marinus is strain EJ1^T (=DSM 15227^T=JCM 11825^T) and the type strain of T. radiotolerans is strain EJ2^T (=DSM 15228^T=JCM 11826^T).Communicated by J. WiegelThe GenBank accession numbers for the 16S rRNA sequence of Thermococcus marinus strain EJ1^T and Thermococcus radiotolerans EJ2^T are AF479012 and AF479013, respectively.     

Flavobacterium frigidimaris sp. nov., isolated from Antarctic seawater

We described the polyphasic characterization of the psychrotolerant isolated from Antarctic seawater. The strain was closely related to Flavobacterium hydatis, F. pectinovorum, and F. saccharophilum on the basis of the 16S rDNA sequence analysis. However, DNA–DNA hybridization experiments showed that the DNA-similarities between strain KUC-1^T and the reference strains of Flavobacterium were less than 30%. Therefore, we can definite a new species of Flavobacterium phylogenetically, and strain KUC-1^T can be considered to be a new species of Flavobacterium. i.e. F. frigidimaris (KUC-1^T: JCM 12218^T and DSM 15937^T; mol% G+C of DNA of the type strain is 34.5 mol%). Useful phenotypical features for discrimination of F. frigidimaris from other Flavobacterium species, such as a resistance to NaCl, optimum growth temperature, and cellular fatty acid composition, were also determined.     

The effectivity of Tilletiopsis albescens in biocontrol of powdery mildew

Tilletiopsis albescens grows well on powdery mildew fungi inoculated on barley or cucumber leaves and causes collapse of the colonies. Application of ballistospores or cut mycelium was equally effective for biocontrol, and the effectiveness tended to increase exponentially with the concentration of germinating units (conidia and cut mycelium) applied. Seventy percent relative humidity or more is required for effective biocontrol. Two applications of T. albescens in the period from 3 days before to 3 days after inoculation with powdery mildew were more effective than one. Applications before inoculation or 7 days after inoculation with powdery mildew had little effect. T. albescens followed the powdery mildew as it was disseminated to uninoculated leaves, but this did not result in an effective biocontrol. The potential for using T. albescens for biocontrol of powdery mildews is discussed.     

Bensingtonia pseudonaganoensis sp. nov., a novel ballistoconidium-forming yeast species isolated from plant leaves

Among the basidiomycetous yeasts isolated from plant leaves collected in different regions of China, two ballistoconidium-forming strains were revealed to represent an undescribed species of the genus Bensingtonia by conventional, chemotaxonomic and molecular phylogenetic characterization. Sequence analysis of the 26S rDNA D1/D2 domains and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region indicated that the novel species was located in the Agaricostilbum lineage and closely related to Bensingtonia naganoensis and Bensingtonia ciliata, with the former as its closest relative. The name Bensingtonia pseudonaganoensis sp. nov. is proposed (type strain: AS 2.2601^T = CBS 10121^T)     

Four new species of the genusSporobolomyces isolated from leaves in Thailand

Thirteen undescribed strains of ballistoconidium-forming yeasts, isolated from leaves collected in the suburbs and along the southeast seacoast of Bangkok, Thailand, were divided into four different groups in the genusSporobolomyces on the basis of morphological, physiological, biochemical, and chemotaxonomical characteristics, and analyses of the sequences of 18S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer regions. DNA-DNA reassociation experiments with related species revealed that these four groups were four new distinct species.Sporobolomyces nylandii sp. nov.,S. poonsookiae sp. nov.,S. blumeae sp. nov. andS. vermiculatus sp. nov. are proposed for these strains.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Flavobacterium koreense</Emphasis> sp. nov., <Emphasis Type="Italic">Flavobacterium chungnamense</Emphasis> sp. nov., and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Flavobacterium cheonanense</Emphasis> sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater reservoir

Taxonomic studies were performed on three strains isolated from Cheonho reservoir in Cheonan, Korea. The isolates were Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, catalase-positive, and oxidase-positive. Colonies on solid media were cream-yellow, smooth, shiny, and circular. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that these strains belong to the genus Flavobacterium. The strains shared 98.6–99.4% sequence similarity with each other and showed less than 97% similarity with members of the genus Flavobacterium with validly published names. The DNA-DNA hybridization results confirmed the separate genomic status of strains ARSA-42^T, ARSA-103^T, and ARSA-108^T. The isolates contained menaqui-none-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C_15:0, iso-C_15:0 3-OH, iso-Ci_15:1 G, and iso-C_16:0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The genomic DNA G+C content of the isolates were 31.4–33.2 mol%. According to the phenotypic and genotypic data, these organisms are classified as representative of three novel species in the genus Flavobacterium, and the name Flavobacterium koreense sp. nov. (strain ARSA-42^T =KCTC 23182^T =JCM 17066^T =KACC 14969^T), Flavobacterium chungnamense sp. nov. (strain ARSA-103^T =KCTC 23183^T =JCM 17068^T =KACC 14971^T), and Flavobacterium cheonanense sp. nov. (strain ARSA-108^T =KCTC 23184^T =JCM 17069^T =KACC 14972) are proposed.     

Tepidanaerobacter acetatoxydans sp. nov., an anaerobic, syntrophic acetate-oxidizing bacterium isolated from two ammonium-enriched mesophilic methanogenic processes

Four anaerobic syntrophic acetate-oxidizing bacteria, the thermotolerant strains Re1^T, Re2, T1 and T2, were isolated from two different mesophilic methanogenic systems. The strains originate from sludge of a continuously stirred laboratory-scale reactor containing high levels of ammonium and from a high ammonium enrichment culture. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed that the strains belong to the Firmicutes-Clostridia class. The most closely related species to strains Re1^T, Re2, T1 and T2 was Tepidanaerobacter syntrophicus, with a 16S rRNA gene sequence identity of 96%. The DNA-DNA relatedness of strains Re2, T1 and T2 to strain Re1^T was 92, 102, 81%, respectively. The gene encoding the acetogen key enzyme formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase (FTHFS) was detected and partly sequenced from the strains. In pure culture the bacteria used different organic compounds as carbon and energy source, such as organic acids, alcohols, sugars and amino acids. Furthermore, acetate-oxidizing ability was observed during co-cultivation with a hydrogen-consuming Methanoculleus sp. The bacteria were found to be spore-forming, rod-shaped and motile, and possessed Gram-positive cell walls. The four strains were thermotolerant and grew at temperatures between 25 and 55 °C. Strain Re1^T had a DNA G + C content of 38.4% and the major fatty acids were C_18:1 w7c, C_18:1 w9c, anteiso-C_17:0, C_16:1 w7c and C_18:0. The genetic and phenotypic properties of strains Re1^T, Re2, T1 and T2 suggest classification as representatives of a novel species of the genus Tepidanaerobacter; the name Tepidanaerobacter acetatoxydans sp. nov. is suggested. The type strain of T. acetatoxydans is Re1^T (=DSM 21804^T = JCM 16047^T).     

Fossil wood flora of the early Miocene Nawamata formation of Monzen,Noto Peninsula,central Japan

Silicified wood collected from the Lower Miocene Nawamata Formation at two localities, Nakaya and Nigoriike, Monzen-machi, Noto Peninsula, central Japan, were identified. Among the 58 specimens there are two species of conifers and eleven species of dicotyledons:Taxodioxylon cunninghamioides (Watari) Watari andT. sequoianum (Merckl.) Gothan (both Taxodiaceae),Carya protojaponica Watari (Juglandaceae),Pterocarya rhoifolia Siebold et Zucc. (Juglandaceae),Ostrya monzenensis sp. nov. (Betulaceae),Quercus anataiensis (Watari) Watari (Fagaceae),Liquidambar hisauchii comb. nov. (Hamamelidaceae),Prunus iwatense (Watari) Takahashi et Suzuki (Rosaceae),Gleditsia paleojaponica comb. nov. (Leguminosae),Acer watarianum Takahashi et Suzuki (Aceraceae),Meliosma mio-oldhami sp. nov. (Sabiaceae),Reevesia miocenica Watari (Sterculiaceae), andFraxinus notoensis sp. nov. (Oleaceae). The fossil wood floras at the two localities are compared to the Daijima Flora, and warm-and/or cool-temperate mesic forests are suggested to occur in the Early Miocene of Monzen.