HPLC—ELSD法与HPLC—RID法检测蜂蜜中糖分的比较

采用高效液相-蒸发光散射检测方法测定蜂蜜中的果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖的含量,从而判断蜂蜜中的糖是否符合国家标准有无掺假。采用ELSD法检测结果表明,果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖的线性范围均是0．6—10mg／mL,相对标准偏差分别为0．308％、0．424％、0．327％、0．539％。并将ELSD法与国标中的RID法进行比较,结果显示前者的灵敏度更高,检出限更低,线性范围更广。由此看来,蒸发光散射检测器的比示差折光检测器的在我们检测糖项目上应用较好。     

HPLC—ELSD法测定桔梗中桔梗皂苷D的含量

首次采用高效液相-蒸发光散射检测器色谱法测定桔梗[Platycodon     

HPLC法检测红豆杉细胞培养物中的紫杉醇

在对紫杉醇和干扰紫杉醇测定的６种常见紫杉烷进行色谱化分离的基础上,建立了红豆杉细胞培养物中紫杉醇的高效相色谱检测方法。样品经提取后,在Ｋｒｏｍａｓｉｌ Ｃ１８柱上以乙腈：水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,于２２７ｎｍ处进行检测。紫杉醇在０．２μｇ／ｍｌ－２０μｇ／ｍｌ浓度范围内线性关系良好,经测定检测限为０．１μｇ／ｍｌ,检测精密度为３．４％,回收率为８８．４％。     

魔芋中神经酰胺类物质的HPLC-ELSD分析及其含量测定

建立高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测器分析神经酰胺的方法并进行了含量的测定.色谱柱:ZORBZX Eclipse XDB-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),洗脱方法:梯度洗脱,柱温:35℃,流动相:甲醇/水,流速:1ml/min;检测器:蒸发光散射检测器,漂移管温度:40℃,氮气流速:1.5L/min.系统探讨了梯度洗脱的起始浓度、洗脱的时间和洗脱梯度的程序设置,最佳的梯度洗脱条件为5min内,甲醇浓度从60%线性增加为90%,从5min到25min,甲醇浓度线性增加为95%,在此条件下样品和标准品的分离色谱峰对称性较好.随后测定了各种样品中神经酰胺的含量,并进行了方法学验证,结果神经酰胺在0.2～2μg之间线性关系良好,最低检测限为0.01mg/ml,R2=0.9992;平均回收率为93.3%,RSD=1.65%(n=5).本法灵敏、方便、准确,重现性好,可用于魔芋神经酰胺类物质的分离及其含量的测定.     

转基因烟草中的海藻糖测定

The \%E.coli\% trehase synthalose gene(\%otsA\%) was transferred into \%Nicotiana tabacum\% mediated by \%Agrobacterium\%, but the method for detecting low concentration of trehalose in transgenic plant was not available.The high performance liquid chromatograph(HPLC) with evaporative light\|scatting detector (ELSD) using water:methyl cyanide(1∶2\^6 v/v) as mobile phase was established in this work. An ODS column Zorbax RX\|SIL was employed. The trehalose detection limits of ELSD was 5mg/L. From the linear…     

UPLC-ELSD法测定柴达木栽培和野生枸杞子中水溶性糖含量

建立超高效液相-蒸发光散射(UPLC-ELSD)法测定柴达木栽培和野生枸杞子中的鼠李糖、木糖、果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的方法。以ACQUITY UPLC BEH Amide柱为分析柱,乙腈和水(各含0.2%TEA)作为流动相,流速为0.15 mL/min,柱温为45℃,ELSD为检测器,漂移管温度为50℃,N2流量为40 psi。研究发现,枸杞子中的水溶性糖主要为果糖和葡萄糖,两种糖的检测限分别为0.86和0.64μg/mL;平均回收率分别为91.8%(RSD=1.66%)和89.6%(RSD=2.55%)。该方法操作简单、效率高、重现性好、结果准确可靠,适用于枸杞子中水溶性糖的含量测定。测定结果表明,柴达木栽培枸杞子具有很整齐的品质优良性,而野生枸杞子品质差异很大,适宜于选择性的开发。     

HPLC-ELSD法测定家桑野桑植株中1-脱氧野尻霉素的含量

采用HPLC-ELSD法对桑植株各部位所含的1-脱氧野尻霉素(DNJ)进行了含量测定,使用TSKgel Am-ide-80(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为:乙腈-水(84∶16,6.5 mM醋酸铵),流速为1.00 mL/min,柱温:30℃,线性范围为0.505μg～20.2μg(r=0.9991,n=6),平均回收率为94.95%(n=5),RSD=1.98。测定结果表明,野桑叶、嫩枝和根皮部位的DNJ含量较高,而家桑的叶、枝皮和根皮中含量较高。本方法准确度高、重现性好,能快速检测桑树资源及类似植物和相关产品中1-脱氧野尻霉素的含量。     

人参水解物中人参二醇的工艺优化及其HPLC-ELSD含量测定方法北大核心CSCD

采用HPLC-ELSD建立人参水解物中人参二醇的含量测定方法,并探讨人参二醇的最佳水解条件。HPLC-ELSD具体条件为:Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18柱(4. 6 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(75∶25),混合方式:离线混合,流速0. 8 mL/min,柱温30℃,检测器参数为漂移管温度85℃,蒸发器气体流速:2. 6 mL/min。以人参二醇含量为指标,从盐酸用量、水解温度、水解时间3个方面优化水解工艺。根据回归方程,人参二醇在0. 494～1. 978μg(R2=0. 9998)时线性关系良好。回收率在98. 79%～101. 37%,RSD为1. 07%(n=6)。在此测定方法下优选出人参二醇的最佳水解条件为:酸的浓度控制在5%、水解温度80℃、水解3 h。本研究首次建立了HPLC-ELSD测定人参中人参二醇含量的方法,该法准确可靠、方便简单,优选的工艺为人参二醇的综合开发利用提供科学依据。     

HPLC示差折光法测定藻油中DHA的含量

首次采用HPLC示差折光法测定藻油中DHA的含量。色谱柱为Eclipse XDB-C18(Analytical 4.6×250mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈∶四氢呋喃∶水(含0.4%HAC)=77∶3∶20,柱温为30℃,流速为1.0 mL/min。该条件下DHA在0.259～6.225 mg/mL内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数R2=0.9995,平均回收率为101.15%,RSD为1.98%(n=6)。该方法可靠、简便、重现性好,可作为藻油中DHA的定量方法。     

响应面法优化乌骨藤通光藤苷G提取工艺

利用响应面法对乌骨藤Marsdenia tenacissima通光藤苷G的提取工艺进行优化。以通光藤苷G提取率为指标,在单因素试验的基础上,选取乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间、提取次数进行4因素3水平的Box-Behnken中心组合研究,并运用Design Expect 8.0软件对试验参数进行分析,研究各自变量及其交互作用对通光藤苷G提取率的影响。结果显示,通光藤苷G的最佳提取条件为：乙醇溶液浓度80%,料液比1∶20(W/V),提取时间1.5 h,提取2次,在此条件下,通光藤苷G提取率为0.253%。     

红豆杉细胞两相培养生产紫杉醇的研究

研究了两相培养系统中红豆杉细胞的生长与代谢规律,经４０天培养,细胞生物量为１７．８５ｇ／Ｌ（干重）,紫杉醇产量为３０．１９ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

Characterization of aggregate size in Taxus suspension cell culture

Plant cells grow as aggregates in suspension culture, but little is known about the dynamics of aggregation, and no routine methodology exists to measure aggregate size. In this study, we evaluate several different methods to characterize aggregate size in Taxus suspension cultures, in which aggregate diameters range from 50 to 2,000 μm, including filtration and image analysis, and develop a novel method using a specially equipped Coulter counter system. We demonstrate the suitability of this technology to measure plant cell culture aggregates, and show that it can be reliably used to measure total biomass accumulation compared to standard methods such as dry weight. Furthermore, we demonstrate that all three methods can be used to measure an aggregate size distribution, but that the Coulter counter is more reliable and much faster, and also provides far better resolution. While absolute measurements of aggregate size differ based on the three evaluation techniques, we show that linear correlations are sufficient to account for these differences (R ² > 0.99). We then demonstrate the utility of the novel Coulter counter methodology by monitoring the dynamics of a batch process and find that the mean aggregate size increases by 55% during the exponential growth phase, but decreases during stationary phase. The results indicate that the Coulter counter method can be routinely used for advanced process characterization, particularly to study the relationship between aggregate size and secondary metabolite production, as well as a source of reliable experimental data for modeling aggregation dynamics in plant cell culture.     

Improved Taxol production by combination of inducing factors in suspension cell culture of Taxus baccata

To date enormous attempts have been devoted to improve Taxol production exploiting various methodologies from bioprocess engineering to biotechnological and synthetic approaches. We have developed a 2-stage suspension cell culture of Taxus baccata L. using modified B5 medium in order to improve cell growth as well as productivity. After callus induction and cell line selection, B5 medium was supplemented with vanadyl sulfate (0.1 mg/l), silver nitrate (0.3 mg/l) and cobalt chloride (0.25 mg/l) at the first day of stage I culture to maximize cell growth. This medium was further supplemented with sucrose (1%) and ammonium citrate (50 mg/l) on day 10 and sucrose (1%) and phenylalanine (0.1 mM) on day 20 (i.e., biomass growth medium). At stage II (day 25), two different concentrations of several elicitors such as methyl jasmonate (10 or 20 mg/l), salicylic acid (50 or 100 mg/l) and fungal elicitor (25 or 50 mg/l) were added to the biomass growth medium with the aim of improving cellular productivity. For morphological analysis, microscopic inspection was carried out during cultivation. Cell-associated and extracellular amount of Taxol were detected and measured using HPLC methodology. At stage I, overall Taxol amount of biomass growth medium was 13.75 mg/l (i.e., 5.6-fold higher than that of untreated B5 control). At stage II, treated cells with methyl jasmonate (10 mg/l), salicylic acid (100 mg/l) and fungal elicitor (25 mg/l) produced the highest amount of Taxol (39.5 mg/l), which is 16-fold higher than that of untreated B5 control (2.45 mg/l). Microscopic analyses of Taxus cells in suspension cultures showed various positional auto-fluorescence showing direct correlation with Taxol production. Our studies revealed that intervallic supplementation of B5 medium with combination of biomass growth factors at stage I and mixture of elicitors at stage II could significantly increase Taxol production. Thus, we suggest that the exploitation of this methodology may improve the production of Taxol since demands for Taxol pharmaceuticals are increasingly growing and resource paucities have limited its direct harvesting from Taxus trees.     

红豆杉细胞悬浮培养结构化数学模型的探讨

用１０Ｌ机械搅拌式生物反应器悬浮培养红豆杉细胞,得到细胞生长、基质消耗和紫杉醇合成动力学曲线。经过代谢动力学分析建立了结构化数学模型。并将模型值与实验值进行比较,结果表明模型预测值与实验值较吻合。     

红豆杉细胞时相与其次生代谢强度的关系

研究了处于不同时相的红豆杉细胞经诱导后生活力、生物量、紫杉醇含量及几个与次生代谢有关的生理化指标的差异,对细胞时相与次生代谢强度的关系进行了探讨。结果表明,在细胞培养的第７ｄ（延迟期）进行诱导,细胞的活力、ＰＯＤ活性、Ｈ２Ｏ２、生物量、紫杉醇含量均高于第１４ｄ（对数期）进行诱导,显著高于第２１ｄ（稳定期）开始诱导。说明在第７ｄ（延迟期）进行诱导时,细胞对诱导子的反应灵敏度较高,次生代谢启动的强度更     

稀土元素对红豆杉细胞悬浮培养及紫杉醇合成的影响

研究了在250mL摇瓶中,不同浓度的硝酸镧、硫酸铈铵、硝酸亚铈3种稀土化合物对细胞生长及紫杉醇分泌和释放的影响。结果表明,在培养初期加入稀土元素。3种不同稀土化合物对细胞生长影响强弱不同,但趋势相似,均使细胞的延迟期缩短。1ppm的Ce^4 促进细胞生长的效果最明显。细胞干重第17d达到10.9g/L。在指数期加入稀土元素。10ppmCe^3 刺激细胞生长的效果最明显,细胞干重最高值达到11.5g/dL,比对照高1.5g/L,而10ppm的La^3 抑制细胞的生长。经稀土元素处理后,细胞胞内和胞外紫杉醇含量都有大幅度的提高,其中以10ppmCe^3 处理,胞外紫杉醇释放率最大,达37.7%。     

Handling culture medium composition for optimizing plant cell suspension culture in shake flasks

Douglas-fir is a conifer species of major economic importance worldwide, including Western Europe and New Zealand. Herein we describe some characterization and significant refinement of somatic embryogenesis in Douglas-fir, with focus on maturation. The most typical structures observed in the embryonal masses were large polyembryogenic centres (up to 800–1500 µm) with a broad meristem, creating a compact cell “package” with suspensor cells. Singulated somatic embryos composed of both a embryonal head (300–400 µm) and long, tightly arranged suspensor were also frequent. Embryo development was enhanced following embryonal mass dispersion on filter paper discs at low density (50–100 mg fresh mass). Moreover, increasing gellan gum concentration in maturation medium (up to 10 g L^?1) improved both the quantity and quality of cotyledonary somatic embryos (SEs), which were subsequently able to germinate and develop into plantlets at high frequency. Embryogenic yield was highly variable among the seven embryogenic lines tested (27–1544 SE g^?1 fresh mass). Interestingly secondary somatic embryogenesis could be induced from cotyledonary SEs of both low- and highly-productive lines with some useful practical outcomes: secondary lines from low-performance lines (30–478 SE g^?1 fresh mass) displayed significantly higher embryogenic yield (148–1343 SE g^?1 fresh mass). In our best conditions, the total protein content in cotyledonary SEs increased significantly with maturation duration (up to 150 µg mg^?1 fresh mass after 7 weeks) but remained below that of mature zygotic embryos (300 µg mg^?1). The protein pattern was similar in both somatic and zygotic embryos, with major storage proteins identified as 7S-vicilin- and legumin-like proteins.     

Optimized mouse ES cell culture system by suspension growth in a fully defined medium

Mouse and human embryonic stem (mES and hES) cells have become one of the most intensively studied primary cell types in biomedical research. However, culturing ES cells is notoriously labor intensive. We have optimized current ES cell culture methods by growing mES cells in suspension in a defined medium. This protocol is unsurpassed in time efficiency and typically requires only 20 min of effective hands-on time per week. This protocol maintains a very high degree of pluripotent cells partly by mechanical separation of spontaneously differentiating cells. mES cells can be cultured for extended periods (>6 months) without the loss of pluripotency markers. High passage (>20) adherent mES cultures containing contaminating differentiated cells can be rescued and enriched in undifferentiated ES cells.     

Enhancement of paclitaxel production by temperature shift in suspension culture of Taxus chinensis

Effect of temperature shift during culture period on cell growth and paclitaxel was investigated to optimize paclitaxel production in suspension culture of Taxus chinensis. Cell growth showed the optimum at 24 degrees C while paclitaxel synthesis showed the maximum at 29 degrees C. To minimize the inhibitory effect of higher temperature on cell growth, temperature was shifted after a certain period of culture time at 24 degrees C. Paclitaxel synthesis in plant cell culture increased dramatically during day 14 to day 21 regardless of treatment, reaching the maximum production of 137.5 mg paclitaxel/L. When the temperature was maintained at 29 degrees C after day 21, the specific productivity of paclitaxel was sustained for prolonged period of 42 days. The possible relationship between temperature and paclitaxel synthetic pathway was also suggested.     

Growth promotion ofTaxus brevifolia cell suspension culture using conditioned medium

The growth promotion of aTaxus brevifolia cell suspension culture was investigated using conditioning factors. The conditioning factors produced and secreted from cultured cells usually stimulate cell division and the production of secondary metabolites. Therefore, the effective incubation time for the optimal secretion of conditioning factors was firstly determined for the promotion of cell growth. Conditioned media obtained by cultivating for 2 and 5 days showed the promotion of initial cell growth during the early cell growth period. However, the positive effect of the conditioning factors on the initial cell growth did not continue because of the depletion of the medium nutrients. Accordingly, the addition of a carbon source to the conditioned medium prolonged the positive effect on the cell growth. The addition of sucrose to the conditioned medium resulted in the maximum cell density being reached 4 days earlier compared to the control group and an increased substrate yield.