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Chemotaxonomy (secondary metabolite profiling) has been shown to be of great value in the classification and differentiation in Ascomycota. However, few studies have investigated the use of metabolite production for classification and identification purposes of plant pathogenic Alternaria species. The purpose of the present study was to describe the methodology behind metabolite profiling in chemotaxonomy using A. dauci, A. porri, A. solani, and A. tomatophila strains as examples of the group. The results confirmed that A. dauci, A. solani, and A. tomatophila are three distinct species each with their own specific metabolite profiles, and that A. solani and A. tomatophila both produce altersolanol A, altertoxin I, and macrosporin. By using automated chemical image analysis and other multivariate statistic analyses, three sets of species-specific metabolites could be selected, one each for A. dauci, A. solani, and A. tomatophila. 相似文献
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Robert M. Faust John Spizizen Vivian Gage Russell S. Travers 《Journal of invertebrate pathology》1979,33(2):233-238
Four entomopathogenic bacteria contained extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules of various sizes. Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki contained twelve elements banding on agarose gels that ranged from 0.74 to > 50 × 106 daltons, three of which were giant extrachromosomal DNA elements. B. thuringiensis var. sotto contained one giant extrachromosomal DNA element with a molecular size of about 23.5 × 106 daltons and two lesser elements of 0.80 and 0.62 × 106 daltons. B. thuringiensis var. finitimus harbored two giant DNA elements corresponding to >50 × 106 daltons and two lesser bands with relative small size (0.98 and 0.97 × 106 daltons). B. popilliae contained no giant extrachromosomal DNA elements but did contain two smaller elements corresponding to 4.45 and 0.58 × 106 daltons. The possible use of extrachromosomal DNA elements that prove to be autonomous replicons for recombinant DNA studies is discussed. 相似文献
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Norbert Weiss Ulrich Schillinger Otto Kandler 《Systematic and applied microbiology》1983,4(4):552-557
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Yuan-Min Shen Wen-Hsin Chung Tung-Chin Huang Rossitza Rodeva Ting-Hsuan Hung 《Mycoscience》2018,59(3):218-228
Three rust fungi from high mountains and pear-producing areas in Taiwan were described using morphological and molecular data based on 34 specimens. Gymnosporangium corniforme was demonstrated to produce spermogonia and aecia on Sorbus randaiensis based on molecular analyses and inoculation experiments. The pear rust pathogen G. unicorne was discovered in Taiwan for the first time. Gymnosporangium niitakayamense sp. nov. was observed on the leaves of Photinia niitakayamensis. It was distinct from other species in peridial cell wall structures, i.e., smooth outer wall, rugose side wall, and coralloid projections on the inner wall, and in having echinulate aeciospores. 相似文献
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《Proteins》2024,92(5):688-688
The above article, published online on 12 June 2020 in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal's Editor-in-Chief Dr. Nikolay Dokholyan, and John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The above article is a humorous editorial contribution surrounding a specialized topic, and was not intended for full online publication as part of the journal's scholarly content. Due to an editorial mistake, the above article was published online in Early View. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. takes full responsibility for the erroneous publication of this article. 相似文献
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Satoshi Sekimoto Kazunari Yokoo Yoshio Kawamura Daiske Honda 《Mycological Research》2008,112(3):361-374
Olpidiopsis porphyrae sp. nov., a marine oomycete endoparasite that infects the commercially cultivated red alga Porphyra yezoensis, is described and its phylogenetic position based on molecular data and ultrastructural morphology is discussed. O. porphyrae infects the host Porphyra by means of encysted zoospores. Spherical-shaped holocarpic thalli develop within the cytoplasm of its algal host, which produce monoplanetic, subapically biflagellate zoospores. The characteristic features of this isolate are the ellipsoidal, unicellular thallus and simple holocarpic zoosporangial development, which show morphological similarity with the genus Olpidiopsis. Laboratory infection experiments with a wide range of green, brown, and red algae revealed that O. porphyrae infects several stages of the bangialean red algae (the genera Bangia and Porphyra). Molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred from both SSU rRNA and cox2 genes showed O. porphyrae branched before the main saprolegnian and peronosporalean lineages within the monophyletic oomycete clade, indicating its phylogenetic separation from them. A single or double K-body-like organelle, which contains tubular inclusions, is found located to one side of the zoospore nucleus and shows similarities to homologous organelles previously described in O. saprolegniae. The ultrastructural morphology of O. porphyrae with zoospore initials containing K-bodies and tubular mitochondrial cristae is characteristic of oomycetes. Group I intron-like multiple insertions were found in the SSU rRNA gene of O. porphyrae. This is the first report of SSU group I introns in the class Oomycetes. 相似文献
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A. N. Kotlyar 《Journal of Ichthyology》2011,51(8):569-580
The second part of the publication is devoted to the Melamphaes species (family Melamphaidae), which are characterized by 20 and more rakers on the first gill arch, by seven soft rays in
the ventral fin, by absence of a temporal spine, by 14–15 rays in the pectoral fin, and by 11 abdominal vertebrae. M. polylepis is characterized by circumtropical range (Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, western and central Pacific Ocean). Newly described
species M. falsidicus is described from the northern Atlantic Ocean, where it was sampled between 34°N and 58°N. Before, this species was defined
as M. microps. Another newly described species, M. pachystomus, is described along the Peruvian Coast. M. macrocephalus is redescribed. This species inhabits the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean (approximately between 30°N and 23°S). One of the
studied specimens of M. macrocephalus was characterized by larger body size (SL = 128 mm) than was described before for this species. M. leprus is known currently by single findings from the eastern tropical Atlantic Ocean (between 11°N and 4°S). This species was also
found in the samples obtain in the Gulf of Guinea. 相似文献
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Jeanne D. Mihail 《Fungal biology》2013,117(3):202-210
Bioluminescence is well known among white-spored species of Basidiomycota including several species of the white-rot wood decay genus Armillaria. Previous work demonstrated consistent differences among A. gallica, A. mellea, and A. tabescens in luminescence magnitude and in luminescence expression relative to environmental stimuli. In the present studies, temporal fluctuations in mycelial luminescence were quantitatively characterized using genets matched for geographical location. All genets derived from rhizomorphs or basdiomata were constitutively luminescent while six of 13 genets originating from mycelial fans were inconsistently luminescent. Using time series of 1000 consecutive measurements over 800 ms intervals, fluctuation patterns had significantly quantifiable structure and were not simply ‘white noise’. Fluctuation patterns were qualitatively similar with alternating periods of rapid fluctuation and relative stability, regardless of luminescence magnitude. Anomalous spikes or shifts in luminescence were recorded for several genets suggesting further work to identify the transient stimuli which elicited these altered luminescence patterns. 相似文献
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The purpose of the present study was to test the taxonomic value of sclerenchyma in distinguishing Pinus sylvestris and P. mugo, P. uncinata, P. rotundata and P. uliginosa, all representing the subsection Sylvestres within the genus Pinus. Thirty-six samples were gathered in natural populations. Every sample was represented with 30 individuals, every individual with 10 brachyblasts. Three types of sclerenchymatic cells surrounding the resin canals and four between vascular bundles were distinguished. Relations among samples and taxa were verified using discriminant analysis and clustering based on Euclidean distances. The types of sclerenchymatic cells surrounding the resin canals and located between the vascular bundles differentiate the compared taxa when used as average frequencies but are extremely variable and do not allow the classification of every individual. The study demonstrated that the type of sclerenchymatic cells surrounding the resin canals and between the vascular bundles in needles could have an important taxonomic value in distinguishing the taxa of two-needle pines of the subsection Sylvestres in Europe at the population level. The distinguishing of individuals was difficult because of very high variation of sclerenchyma characters. 相似文献
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Examination of Liatris mucronata gave the known 15-hydroxylated heliangolides liscundin, liscunditrin, punctaliatrin and two new closely related heliangolides. Liatris acidota furnished six new similar but 15-deoxygenated heliangolides as well as euparin and 3β-acetoxytaraxaster-20-en-30-aldehyde. Liatris aspera gave a known glycosidic germacradienolide and a new germacradienolide as well as several known flavones and a known benzofuran. Structures were established by spectroscopic methods and chemical transformations. 相似文献
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D.E. Fenton 《Inorganica chimica acta》1985,109(2):155-158
The Δ-α-and Λ-β- forms of [Co(edda)CO3]? have been isolated as crystalline diastereoisomeric salts of the cation Δ-[Co(en)2(ox)]+. When each salt is dissolved in 1.0 F aqueous Na2CO3 at 25°C an isomeric equilibration process occurs between these species in which the Δ-α form predominates before the eventual racemisation of both anionic species. On proceeding to equilibrium the Λ-β-[Co(edda) CO3]? isomer is observed to invert its absolute configuration at the central metal ion in converting to the Δ-α stereoisomer. This is the first reported example of inversion-isomerisation involving the β → α transformation in a chiral complex containing a linear tetradentate. 相似文献
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Babita Kumari Jha Mohandass Gandhi Pragash Jean Cletus Gurusamy Raman Natarajan Sakthivel 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(4):573-581
Of 80 fluorescent pseudomonad strains screened for phosphate solubilization, three strains (BFPB9, FP12 and FP13) showed the
ability to solubilize tri-calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2). During mineral phosphate solubilization, decrease of pH in the culture medium due to the production of organic acids by
the strains was observed. These phosphate solubilizing strains produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and protease as well as
exhibited a broad-spectrum antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi. When tested in PCR using the gene-specific primers,
strain BFPB9 showed the presence of hcnBC genes that encode hydrogen cyanide. On the basis of phenotypic traits, 16S rRNA sequence homology and subsequent phylogenetic
analysis, strains BFPB9, FP12 and FP13 were designated as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. plecoglossicida and P. mosselii, respectively. Present investigation reports the phosphate solubilization potential and biocontrol ability of new strains
that belong to P. plecoglossicida and P. mosselii. Because of the innate potential of phosphate solubilization, production of siderophore, IAA, protease, cellulase and HCN
strains reported in this study can be used as biofertilizers as well as biocontrol agents. 相似文献