人体血液的超微弱发光研究

采用一台高灵敏的单光子计数系统,研究了108例人体血液的超微弱光子辐射.结果表明:正常人血液的发光值平均每秒每平方厘米的计数在29.9水平内波动.血液的发光强度和供血者的年龄、性别有关.在选定的实验条件下,癌症患者血液的发光强度明显高于对照组,尤以肝、卵巢癌症患者显著.这一结果意味着血液的超微弱发光探测,有可能用于癌症的早期诊断.但对临床实践来说,血清的发光将更为有用.     

特定电磁辐射增强大豆种子超弱光子辐射

生物超弱光子辐射(简称PE)是生物代谢过程的一种普遍现象,它控制细胞内和细胞间的新陈代谢、功能调节以及信息传递。PE光强度与细胞活力、环境因素以及化学物质的作用有关。 红外辐射(包括特定电磁辐射)能产生广泛和显著的生物效应,国内外已有报道,化学     

生物超微弱发光

萤火虫发光是一种广为人知的生物发光现象。自然界中能够发光的生物成千上万,不胜枚举:在海洋中有造成“海火”奇观的发光浮游生物;在森林里有晶莹闪烁的发光蘑菇;在草地上有发光的软体动物;在空中有形形色色的发光昆虫。这些发光生物都有一个共同的特点,它们所发出的光都...     

绿豆芽超微弱发光的二维图像探测

采用微通道板像增强研制了一种能探测极弱光图像的超高灵敏度光电探测系统,能够探测到０．５Ｐｈｏｔｏｎｓ／ｍｍ２·ｓ（阴极灵敏度）的极弱发光图像,是目前弱光图像探测器中灵敏度最高的。应用上述的光电探测系统,进行了绿豆芽超微弱发光二维图像探测的研究,首次得到了以下结论：１．绿豆发芽时存在超微弱发光现象,发光强度在１０４－１０５Ｐｈｏｔｏｎｓ／ｓ·ｃｍ２的范围内;２．子叶和幼叶的发光高于幼茎的发光;３．在避先保持１０分钟豆芽发光衰减至稳定后,绿豆芽仍能维持一定的发光。上述结论为超微弱发光现象的生物学理论研究和医学及环境保护中的应用提供了实验依据。     

植物叶绿体和线粒体的超微弱发光

介绍叶绿体和线粒体的超弱发光基础,以及各自的发光特点与影响因素.     

髓性白血病细胞HL60自发超微弱生物光子辐射研究

采用光子计数成像采集系统（PIAS）对髓性白血病细胞HL60自发的超微弱生物光子辐射进行了初步研究,获得了HL60细胞的生物光子强度与培养时间及细胞密度的关系。研究表明,HL60细胞的生物光子强度反映了细胞繁殖规律性及新陈代谢状况。为进一步探索肿瘤细胞与抗癌药物作用的生物光子效应,我们把TNF－β（肿瘤坏死因子）对悬浮HL60细胞进行处理,发现比同性质无TNF－β药物的对照组有更强的的超微弱光子辐射。     

水稻种子萌发期超微弱光子计数成像研究

运用ＰＩＡＳ捕获了水稻种子萌发期自发辐射的超微弱光子。光子长时间累积形成了二维图像。研究表明：萌发种子整体均发光,胚根和胚芽及其生长点发较强的光;水稻种子萌发期光子辐射强度呈现双峰值规律,第二峰前期光子数和根生长长度与萌发时间均有自然对数关系,根生长激增迟后于光子数激增     

自发和光诱导的生物超微弱发光图像的观测

本文报导一种最新研制的高探测灵敏度,低噪声的光子图像观测系统。利用该系统观测了绿豆芽,小葱和树叶等活体品的超弱发光图像。     

斑马鱼超弱光特性的初步研究

本文报道有关鱼类(斑马鱼)超弱发光的新资料:光谱分布、发光动力学曲线及有关参数与pH,O_2,剥鳞和化学物质对超弱发光的影响,以及鱼体表面积和鱼类检测时的精度和准度。     

细菌超弱光的初步研究

用高敏单光子式超弱光测量仪,测量了大肠埃希氏菌(E．Coli),枯草芽孢杆菌(Bac. Subiilis)和产氨短杆菌(Brc.ammoniagenes)的超弱光光谱分布,超弱发光动力学过程和超弱光强度：并确定超弱光强度与细菌数之间的定量关系。     

电离辐射对活细胞超弱发光的影响

本文报导了活细胞(CHO和V_(79)细胞)的辐射诱导低水平发光.实验证明,这种诱导的超弱光子发射要比未受辐照的细胞发光要高,我们发现该诱导发光的强度依赖于照射剂量.辐射增敏剂miso(Misonidazole)可以增强活细胞的超弱光子发射.     

代谢抑制剂对萌发绿豆超弱发光的影响

本文报导了A.D(actinomycin D)、EB(ethidium bromide)、CHI(cycloheximide)及NaN_3,对萌发绿豆(胚根长1.5cm左右)的自发性超弱发光强度的影响的研究结果,提供了DNA分子和/或RNA合成代谢对超弱发光有贡献的证据.     

海洋甲藻Pyrocistis elegans电激发光的研究

利用培养的海洋甲藻Ｐｙｒｏｃｉｓｔｉｓｅｌｅｇａｎｓ（Ｐ．ｅｌｅｇａｎｓ）作为模型,研究外电场对细胞发光强度－时间曲线的影响。实验结果表明,细胞在外电场作用下所产生的发光（电激发光）行为与细胞本身有关,电激发光是一种延迟发光,其松驰过程不遵从指数衰减规律而表现出双曲线的规律。从物理学的角度讨论了细胞电激发光的相干性及外电场对生命系统和非生命系统的作用的区别,前者更重要的是信息作用,从而提示了研究外电场对细胞作用以及细胞与环境和细胞与细胞间通讯的新方法。     

中国常见蜚蠊种类及其为害、利用与防治的调查研究

蜚蠊是昆虫纲中一个较小的目,全世界已知五千余种,中国有记载的约二百种,五十年代后期上海医学院对本地区的蜚镰作了调查报道,七十年代初国内许多地区蜚蠊为害严重,不少单位开始采制标本对它进行研究.本文对中国室内常见蜚蠊种类的鉴定、生活习性、地理分布及其传播疾病、经济意义和防治方法作了综合报道,其中包括德国小蠊的两个近似种及一个中国新纪录属、种.     

化学物质对哺乳动物细胞超微弱发光的影响

各种不同的化学物质可以以不同的方式影响光子发射.实验所用的化学制剂为过氧化氢、硫酸亚铁铵、氢氧化钠、盐酸及乙醇.从光子发射的暂时过程,可以看到两种类型反应.添加过氧化氢或氢氧化钠可导致初始的光子发射增强,以后随时间推移而迅速降低.加入Fe~(2 ) K_2Cr_2O_7或乙醇以后则有完全不同的发光动力学过程.V_(79)细胞的超微弱光子发射被认为是整个细胞的一种性质, 实验结果表明, 各种化学物质可以引起光子发射的明显增加或降低,但光谱分布却来看出变化,上述化学制剂的作用仅仅是刺激或抑制光子发射.     

GLOCHIDIA OF THE FRESHWATER MUSSEL LAMPSILIS OVERWINTERING ON FISH HOSTS

Largemouth Bass were infected with glochidia of the freshwatermussel Lampsilis cardium. Three fishes each were held at 4.5,10, and 15.5°C; five fish were held at 21°C. By 64 days,metamorphosed juveniles were found in the 15.5 and 21°Ctrials but not in the 5.5 and 10°C trials, indicating thatthe lower threshold temperature for metamorphosis was between10 and 15.5°C for the duration. In a second experiment,Largemouth Bass were infected with glochidia of L. cardium andheld at 10°C. A sample of fishes was removed monthly andbrought to 21°C. Numbers of glochidia that metamorphosedafter being warmed were compared to the number that metamorphosedwithout warming. The percentage that metamorphosed after warmingdecreased linearly with time. At one month, 100% of the glochidiametamorphosed after warming. This decreased to 80% by two months,to 30% by four months and 3% by six months. Although this post-warmingpercentage decreased with time, the total percentage of metamorphosedjuveniles (at all temperatures) was not correlated with time.Controls kept at 21°C required three weeks to reach peakmetamorphosis, but test subjects subjected to 10°C requiredless than nine days to metamorphose once warmed. Many overwinteringglochidia therefore complete a portion of their developmenton the host at winter temperatures, but stop short of excystment.Some glochidia metamorphosed without being warmed, but thisphenomenon is not understood. This study confirms that glochidiamay overwinter on hosts, with some glochidia persisting formore than six months before metamorphosing when warmer conditionsreturn. (Received 29 September 1998; accepted 18 January 1999)     

INFLUENCE OF FRESHWATER FLOW REGIME ON FISH ASSEMBLAGES IN THE GREAT FISH RIVER AND ESTUARY

Summary

Two and a half years of data were collected from the lower Great Fish River, head region and estuary to determine the fish species composition within these areas. Gilchristella aestuaria, Liza dumerilii, Rhabdosargus holubi and Pomadasys commersonnii were the four most abundant species captured, with riverine flow rate having an important effect on both species composition and numbers of fishes in the different regions. Most marine species displayed a strong inverse relationship between catch per unit effort and elevated freshwater inputs. Euryhaline marine species dominated the catches at all sampling sites during low flows but were less common during high flow periods when catadromous species were most abundant. Based on the available evidence it is suggested that for most marine species in the river this decline in abundance is related to low conductivity levels following floods rather than avoidance of elevated flows. The impact of elevated suspensoid concentrations and lowered dissolved oxygen concentrations on freshwater and estuarine fish populations during major river flooding is also discussed.