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1.
杨树-农作物复合系统中的化感作用   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
综述了植物化感作用的类型、作用机理、影响植物化感作用的因素,并从化感作用角度提出目前长江中下游主要农林复合系统(杨树-农作物)的研究方向,杨树与不同农作物种类配置研究;针对杨树主要害虫天牛进行生物防治的“相生植物”的筛选;杨树自毒作用以及对后续农作影响研究;杨树对土壤微生物区系和土壤酶活性的影响等。  相似文献   

2.
    
Geographical patterns, climate, and environmental change have important influences on the distribution and spread of aquatic organisms. However, the relationships between the geographical pattern and phylogenetics of Daphnia as well as environmental change are not well known. The genetic diversity and phylogeography of seven D. similoides sinensis populations located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were investigated based on the combination of mitochondrial (COI gene) and nuclear (14 microsatellite primers) markers. Based on the mitochondrial gene markers, D. similoides sinensis from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River had one ancestral haplotype and two evolutionary clades. In addition, D. similoides sinensis population deviated from neutral evolution, showing signs of a bottleneck effect followed by population expansion. Based on the microsatellite markers, the seven D. similoides sinensis populations formed three main groups. The dendrogram (NJ/ME) showed that D. similoides sinensis based on the mitochondrial genes marker were obviously clustered two main clades, whereas there were three clades based on the microsatellite markers. Our results suggested that the habitat fragmentation due to the barrier of the dams and sluices promoted the genetic differentiation and phylogeography of D. similoides sinensis populations in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.  相似文献   

3.
: 2014年4月—2015年1月,按季度对漓江中下游进行了4次鱼类物种多样性调查研究,共采集鱼类10 161尾,计74种,隶属于5目15科55属。以鲤形目为主,占总物种数的66.67%,总个体数的64.29%;且鲤科占优势,占总个体数的59.30%。夏季鱼类多样性指数最高,物种最丰富,春季鱼类多样性相对较低,鱼类物种相对较少。秋冬两季多样性指数相差不大,鱼类的季节变化不明显;春季优势度指数λ最高,优势种较明显;鱼类群落结构相似性分析(ANOSIM)结果显示,平乐县鱼类群落结构与其他采样点间存在显著差异;但鱼类群落的季节性差异不明显。  相似文献   

4.
长江下游水生动物群落生物多样性变动趋势初探   总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20  
对1990-1999年间长江下游江段生物多样性的变动趋势进行了研究,并就群落稳定性与多样性的关系进行了探讨,结果表明,物种多样性指数量大值为1.1112,最小值为0.0327,反映物种均匀度,丰盛度的指数都有不同程度的下降,而反映优势度的指数却有一定程度的上升,优势度指数最大值为1,最小值为0.34046,优势种前6位分别为杂虾,青虾,餐条,吻Qu,蛇Qu,黄颡,表明长江下游江段的生物多样性正在逐步丧失,经济鱼类数量趋减,小型野杂鱼类数量趋增。  相似文献   

5.
人类活动所导致的土地利用方式改变对区域生态系统服务有着显著影响,厘清区域内不同土地利用类型景观面积占比对生态系统服务的影响机制对区域景观调控与用地管理有着重要意义。以长江中下游地区为研究区,以二级流域为研究单元,基于InVEST模型、RULSE模型以及NPP数据,评估产水量(WY)、固碳量(CS)以及土壤保持(SC)3种生态系统服务的空间分布特征;使用分段线性回归探究生态系统服务综合指数(TES)对人类活动影响较为强烈的林地、建设用地和耕地面积占比的响应及其阈值。结果表明:(1)长江中下游地区林地占比较高地区分布在西部和南部,建设用地占比较高地区分布在东部和北部,耕地占比较高地区分布在东北部和中西部。(2)生态系统服务空间分布表现出明显的空间异质性,其中WY呈现出西南高,东北低的分布特征,CS呈现出南高北低的分布特征,SC高值区主要分布在植被覆盖率较高的山区,TES与SC分布呈现相似特征。(3)林地面积占比对TES有正向促进作用,其影响阈值为93.2%,当超过此阈值,促进作用会加强;建设用地和耕地面积占比对TES有着负向的作用,当面积占比分别超过8.7%和46.9%时,二者的负向作用会减弱,耕地在阈值前后的负向影响均弱于建设用地,因此,约束建设用地和耕地的开发,促进林地面积增加可以提升流域生态系统服务水平。研究结果可为长江中下游地区流域的景观调控和土地利用管理提供一定理论依据与参考。  相似文献   

6.
长江中下游地区农业气候资源时空变化特征   总被引:19,自引:3,他引:19  
以1981年为时间节点,将1961-2007年分为1961-1980年(时段Ⅰ)和1981-2007年(时段Ⅱ)两个时间段,分析和比较两个时段的农业气候资源变化特征.结果表明:气候变暖背景下,长江中下游地区1961-2007年温度生长期内≥10 ℃积温气候倾向率平均为74 ℃·d·10 a-1;时段Ⅱ≥10 ℃积温较时段Ⅰ平均增加了124 ℃·d;与时段Ⅰ相比,时段Ⅱ双季稻的安全种植界限向北推移了0.79个纬度.1961-2007年温度生长期内降水量总体表现为增加趋势;与时段Ⅰ相比,时段Ⅱ降水量增加了1.6%,降水量≥767 mm(双季稻正常生长的需水量)的面积增加了1.13×10.4 km2.时段Ⅱ温度生长期内日照时数较时段Ⅰ平均减少了8.1%;近47年中91.1%的气象站点日照时数表现为减少趋势.与时段Ⅰ相比,时段Ⅱ温度生长期内参考作物蒸散量呈略微减少趋势,其低值区扩大、高值区缩小.时段Ⅱ稳定通过10 ℃初日平均较时段Ⅰ提前了2 d,而时段Ⅱ≥20 ℃终日平均较时段Ⅰ推迟了2 d,两个时段 ≥22 ℃终日基本相同.  相似文献   

7.
水流在水生入侵植物的传播过程中具有重要作用。凤眼蓝(Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms)是我国危害极大的水生入侵植物。本研究基于AFLP标记,对长江中下游14个凤眼蓝种群(共399个植株)进行了克隆多样性和遗传结构分析,以探究水流对凤眼蓝扩散的影响。结果显示,利用4对AFLP引物,共检测到186个位点,其中56个为多态性位点(占30.11%)。该区域凤眼蓝种群的克隆多样性(D=0.273)和遗传多样性(I=0.011,HE=0.017)均很低,是由于优势的克隆生长而导致。种群间遗传分化很小(GST=0.019);同时AMOVA分析结果表明,1.84%的遗传变异来自于种群间,98.16%来自于种群内部,且14个种群间存在1个共有基因型,说明水流是长江流域凤眼蓝传播的主要媒介。因而,控制水流将极大促进该物种的有效治理。  相似文献   

8.
长江中下游湖群大型底栖动物群落结构及影响因素   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
蔡永久  姜加虎  张路  陈宇炜  龚志军 《生态学报》2013,33(16):4985-4999
长江中下游地区是我国淡水湖泊分布最为密集的区域,其中面积大于10 km2的湖泊总面积占相同级别中国淡水湖泊总面积的51.3%。目前对本地区湖泊大型底栖动物研究主要是关于单个湖泊或几个湖泊之间的比较,将区域内湖泊作为一个整体来分析的研究较少。为揭示现阶段长江中下游浅水湖泊底栖动物群落现状及其主要影响因素,于2008年和2009年夏季对本地区5个湖群69个湖泊大型底栖动物和水化学进行了调查,并分析区域过程和局域环境条件在决定该地区底栖群落结构中的相对重要性。结果表明水体矿化度、电导率及氮磷指标在不同湖群间具有显著差异,而高锰酸盐指数、叶绿素a及营养状态指数无显著差异。密度方面,以寡毛类和摇蚊幼虫为优势类群的湖泊共46个,占总数量的66.7%,以螺类为优势类群之一的湖泊16个,占总数量的23.2%;生物量方面,以螺类为优势的湖泊数量最多(33个),占总数量的46.4%,但以寡毛类和摇蚊幼虫占优势的湖泊亦有27个,占总数量的39.1%,双壳类仅在9个湖泊占据优势。典范对应分析结果表明该地区底栖动物群落结构是局域环境条件和区域过程共同作用的结果,两类因子共解释了33.9%的底栖动物群落变异,其中局域环境因子占被解释量的48.1%,空间变量占35.4%。空间变量较高的解释量表明对整个长江中下游地区湖泊而言,区域过程对底栖动物的分布也起着非常重要的作用。  相似文献   

9.
王雪雯  董晓华  马耀明  龚成麒  魏冲  陈玲  安敏 《生态学报》2024,44(20):9364-9378
充分掌握大尺度流域降雨侵蚀力的时空变化特征对流域水土保持、防洪减灾和生态环境保护至关重要。基于长江中下游的119个气象站点57a逐日降雨资料,通过Xie模型计算各站降雨侵蚀力,使用旋转经验正交函数(REOF)法对降雨侵蚀力进行区域划分;结合Mann-Kendal检验、重标极差(R/S)法和相关性分析方法分析长江中下游降雨侵蚀力的时空变化特征,并揭示其与植被覆盖度之间的关系。结果表明:(1)长江中下游降雨侵蚀力整体呈上升趋势,年均降雨侵蚀力为5643MJ mm hm-2 h-1。(2)不同季节降雨侵蚀力空间分布存在差异。冷季降雨侵蚀力空间分布不均,高值区主要集中在流域的西部和东北部,而暖季降雨侵蚀力则表现为以江西省为中心沿西北方向递减的空间分布格局,最大值和最小值出现在鄱阳湖环湖区(III区)和长江干流武汉以下段及太湖水系(IV区)。(3)长江中下游相邻地理分区间降雨侵蚀力变化速率差异较大,降雨侵蚀力区域性差异显著。其中III区、湘江及赣江流域(I区)和IV区年均降雨侵蚀力呈显著增长趋势(P < 0.05)且未来将保持该趋势,为水土保持重点关注区域。(4)研究所发现的长江中下游水土保持重点关注区域的降雨侵蚀力与植被覆盖度存在负相关。但值得注意的是I区在冷季呈现正相关,而且其中的湘江上游流域出现显著正相关。研究表明降雨侵蚀力是影响地表侵蚀过程的关键因素,侵蚀性降水会影响植被覆盖情况,进而影响地表的侵蚀过程。因此在重点关注高降雨侵蚀力地区的同时还需加强植被保护工作。研究结果可为长江中下游区域水土保持及生态环境保护工作提供科学依据。  相似文献   

10.
    
Extinction is ubiquitous in natural systems and the ultimate fate of all biological populations. However, the factors that contribute to population extinction are still poorly understood, particularly genetic diversity and composition. A laboratory experiment was conducted to examine the influences of environmental variation and genotype diversity on persistence in experimental Daphnia magna populations. Populations were initiated in two blocks with one, two, three, or six randomly selected and equally represented genotypes, fed and checked for extinction daily, and censused twice weekly over a period of 170 days. Our results show no evidence for an effect of the number of genotypes in a population on extinction hazard. Environmental variation had a strong effect on hazards in both experimental blocks, but the direction of the effect differed between blocks. In the first block, variable environments hastened extinction, while in the second block, hazards were reduced under variable food input. This occurred despite greater fluctuations in population size in variable environments in the second block of our experiment. Our results conflict with previous studies, where environmental variation consistently increased extinction risk. They are also at odds with previous studies in other systems that documented significant effects of genetic diversity on population persistence. We speculate that the lack of sexual reproduction, or the phenotypic similarity among our experimental lines, might underlie the lack of a significant effect of genotype diversity in our study.  相似文献   

11.
塔里木河中下游地区湿地景观格局变化   总被引:14,自引:1,他引:14       下载免费PDF全文
在RS和GIS技术的支持下,结合塔里木河中下游的区域特点,确定了塔里木河中下游湿地景观分类系统.通过采用景观多样性指数、优势度、景观破碎化指数、分布质心和平均斑块形状指数等景观的空间格局指数,较系统地分析了1980~2000年塔里木河中下游湿地景观空间格局变化.结果表明:塔里木河中下游湿地的分布面积呈显著下降趋势.1980~1990年湿地面积减少,斑块数量和密度增加.1990~2000年湿地面积有所增加,斑块数量和密度持续增加;随着人类干扰强度增加,景观多样性增加,优势度降低,湿地的破碎化程度越来越大;湿地景观要素中,河渠湿地、水库坑塘湿地面积有所增加,而湖泊、滩地、沼泽面积均在不断减少,其中沼泽湿地面积减少幅度最大.  相似文献   

12.
    
Miscanthus lutarioriparius is an endemic species that grows along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and is a valuable source of germplasm for the development of second‐generation energy crops. The plant that propagates via seeds, stem nodes, and rhizomes shows high phenotypic variation and strong local adaptation. Here, we examined the magnitude and spatial distribution of genetic variation in M. lutarioriparius across its entire distributional range and tested underlying factors that shaped its genetic variation. Population genetic analyses were conducted on 644 individuals from 25 populations using 16 microsatellite markers. M. lutarioriparius exhibited a high level of genetic variation (HE = 0.682–0.786; A= 4.74–8.06) and a low differentiation (FST = 0.063; Dest = 0.153). Of the total genetic variation, 10% was attributed to the differences among populations (df = 24, < 0.0001), whereas 90% was attributed to the differences among individuals (df = 619, ≤ 0.0001). Genetic diversity did not differ significantly across longitudes and did not increase in the populations growing downstream of the Yangtze River. However, significant associations were found between genetic differentiation and spatial distance. Six genetic discontinuities were identified, which mostly distributed among downstream populations. We conclude that anthropogenic factors and landscape features both contributed to shaping the pattern of gene flow in M. lutarioriparius, including long‐distance bidirectional dispersal. Our results explain the genetic basis of the high degree of adaptability in M. lutarioriparius and identify potential sources of new germplasm for the domestication of this potential second‐generation energy crop.  相似文献   

13.
黑河中下游绿洲生态安全评价   总被引:42,自引:7,他引:42       下载免费PDF全文
杜巧玲  许学工  刘文政 《生态学报》2004,24(9):1916-1923
生态安全包括自然生态安全、经济生态安全和社会生态安全 ,尤指自然和半自然生态系统的安全 ,即生态系统完整性和健康的整体水平反映。生态安全是维护地区或国家乃至全球的生态环境不受威胁的状态 ,能为整个生态经济系统的持续发展提供生态保障。从水安全、土地安全、经济社会安全出发 ,选取水资源量供需比、地表水质量、地下水埋深和地下水矿化度 4种水安全评价指标 ;土地人口承载度、林地覆盖率、草地载畜度、绿洲面积变化率、绿洲土地沙化率、绿洲土地盐碱化率和抗灾度等 7种土地安全评价指标 ;人均 GDP产值、单位面积农业生产总值、农民人均纯收入、绿洲人口密度、城市化率和文明度等经济社会安全评价指标 ;共计 17项 ,建立了绿洲生态安全评价综合指标体系。然后 ,应用综合评价法、层次分析法和 GIS等多种方法与手段 ,在绿洲尺度上对黑河干流中下游地区的张掖、临泽、高台、鼎新和额济纳 5个绿洲进行绿洲生态安全综合评价。评价结果显示 :自黑河中游至下游 ,各个绿洲的生态安全状况依次降低 ,最下游的额济纳绿洲生态安全仅为 4级的差状态。其中 ,水安全是关键 ,土地安全是载体 ,经济社会安全是保障 ,以上几方面相互关联 ,共同作用导致绿洲的生态安全综合水平。  相似文献   

14.
中下扬子区海相三叠纪叠层石及其环境演变   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
钱迈平 《古生物学报》1995,34(6):731-741
中、下扬子区三叠纪叠层石大多产自中三叠统嘉陵江组白云岩中,仅少数产自下三叠统青龙组灰岩中。这些叠层石可根据各自所处环境分为下列2种类型:1)浅滩相叠层石生物丘;2)潮坪相叠层石生物层。这些叠层石及其围岩常含丰富的石膏晶痕或盐溶角砾,显示了一种干燥炎热气候中一低能水动力环境产物的特征。根据中、下扬子区三叠纪叠层石的形态及发育特点研究,结合有关沉积特征分析,发现该区由早三叠世的陆表海演变为中三叠世早期的潮坪复合体,其较深的部位转变为青盐湖,而较浅的部位则变为藻坪或萨布哈盐坪。这种转变暗示着此期间扬子地块已由主要受热带低气压控制下的赤道附近地区移至常年受副热带高气压或干燥信风控制的回归线附近地区。  相似文献   

15.
    
  1. Filter‐feeding zooplankton in lakes feed on a mixture of phytoplankton, bacteria, and terrestrial particles and the proportions and nutritional value of these components can be highly variable. However, the extent to which food quality interacts with food quantity in affecting overall zooplankton performance is not yet fully resolved.
  2. Here we performed laboratory feeding experiments to test how the performance of the unselective filter feeder Daphnia galeata was affected if various quantities of high‐quality food (the phytoplankton Rhodomonas) were diluted with low‐quality food such as heterotrophic bacteria (Pseudomonas) or terrestrial detritus particles (t‐POM) from the riparian zone of a boreal forest stream. We hypothesised: that increased proportions of bacteria and t‐POM in the diet will lead to decreased survival, somatic growth; and reproduction of Daphnia despite the presence of phytoplankton; that these effects are more pronounced for t‐POM than for heterotrophic bacteria; and that this response is stronger when phytoplankton availability is low.
  3. Increasing the concentrations of Pseudomonas affected Daphnia survival, growth, and reproduction negatively when Rhodomonas was available at intermediate (0.37 mgC/L) and high (0.55 mgC/L) quantities. When Rhodomonas quantity was low (0.22 mgC/L), the addition of Pseudomonas generally resulted in better Daphnia performance except at very high concentrations of the bacterium relative to Rhodomonas. In contrast, the addition of t‐POM was detrimental for overall Daphnia performance at all Rhodomonas concentrations.
  4. Daphnia performance was best described by a model including the interaction between food quality and quantity, with stronger negative effects on Daphnia when high‐quality food was supplemented with t‐POM than with Pseudomonas.
  5. The results indicate that the ability of zooplankton to use low‐quality food is affected by the concurrent availability of high‐quality food. Furthermore, food sources that can be used but do not fulfil dietary requirements of grazers (e.g. bacteria), may still provide nutritional benefits as long as other complementary food components are available in sufficient quantities to compensate for biochemical deficiencies.
  6. Therefore, we conclude that heterotrophic bacteria, but not peat layer t‐POM, can be an important component of zooplankton diets in boreal lakes, especially if the concentration of phytoplankton is low.
  相似文献   

16.
以长江中下游平原7个省(市)的19个地区作为样点,统计分析了各样点近36年(1970—2005年)水稻始穗前15d至始穗后20d内日最高气温≥35℃的时空分布特点;并根据全球气候渐变模型GISS GCM Transient B Runs生成的研究区域2030、2050年的气候渐变情景,分析了该地区未来水稻孕穗开花期≥35℃高温逆境的时空演变趋势。结果表明:近36年来长江中下游的早稻孕穗开花期出现高温日数的上升趋势显著,未来气候情景下水稻逆境指标出现日数最多的是单季稻,其次依次为早稻、后季稻;双季稻种植区,在未来气候变化中,长江中游地区温度逆境出现日数将大于下游地区。研究区域水稻气候产量的增减与该地区水稻逆境指标的关系说明,高温导致的颖花败育是水稻减产的重要原因;未来气候变化的两种(2030、2050)情景下,长江中游地区的减产幅度大于长江下游地区,减产幅度最大的是长江中游地区的后季稻。  相似文献   

17.
刘文茹  陈国庆  刘恩科  居辉  刘勤 《生态学报》2018,38(9):3219-3229
为了探明气候变化对长江中下游地区冬小麦潜在产量的影响,基于政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)AR5提出的BCCCSM1-1(Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model version1-1)气候系统模式输出的基于典型浓度RCP各情景(基准时段baseline、RCP 2.6、RCP 4.5和RCP 8.5)主要气象要素的逐日模拟数据和历史观测数据。通过DSSAT模型模拟历史时期(2001—2009年)冬小麦的物候期和产量,并计算模拟数据与实测数据二者的均方根误差和一致性指数(开花、成熟期和产量模拟结果的相对均方差根误差分别在0.83%—2.98%之间和7%以下,符合度D均接近于1)明确最优遗传参数,应用最优参数模拟加以验证,完成模型参数区域化。结合历史阶段(1961—1990年)和未来时期(2021—2050年)主要气象要素变化趋势,利用DSSAT模型模拟分析未来30年长江中下游地区气候变化对小麦产量的影响及变化趋势,以期为未来作物生产提供理论依据。结果表明,DSSAT-CERES-Wheat品种遗传参数本地化后能准确模拟冬小麦的生长发育过程及产量潜力。较基准年相比,2021—2050年RCP情景下,冬小麦生育期内≥10℃积温除RCP 2.6情景外呈现逐渐增加趋势,增加幅度为RCP 8.5RCP 2.6RCP 4.5;降水量年际波动都比较大,区域性差异明显;太阳总辐射量较基准年均有所降低,但降低的幅度随着年份的增加逐渐减小,变化率均呈现显著或极显著的增加趋势。除昆山外冬小麦开花期、成熟期较基准年均有所提前,开花期到成熟期天数则随之缩短。仅考虑气候条件时,长江中下游地区冬小麦产量潜力与基准年减少,昆山、英山下降幅度较滁州、钟祥大(3%—59%),且区域差异明显。分析可得,一定范围内冬小麦产量随积温的增加逐渐增加,超过一定阈值时则逐渐减少,其他气候因子增加或减少并不能弥补积温过低产生的负效应。  相似文献   

18.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The relationship between surface sediment diatoms and summer water quality was investigated at 49 lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Lakes ranging from oligomesotrophic to hypereutrophic were examined, providing an obvious nutrient gradient. With the shift from mesotrophic to eutrophic levels, diatom multi-ecotypes dominated by epiphytic and facultative planktonic taxa were replaced by nutrient-tolerant planktonic taxa, such as Cyclotella meneghiniana Skvortzow, C. atomus Hustedt,Cyclostephanos Round, and Stephanodiscus Ehrenberg etc., reflecting the nutrient changes in the lake.The relationship between diatoms and summer water quality indices was explored further using numeric analysis. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) with forward selection and a Monte Carlo permutation test revealed that of all 25 summer water environmental variables, total phosphorus (TP), chlorophyll a (Chzl a), Secchi depth (SD), dissolved inorganic phosphorus, C1-, SO42-, Mg2 , CO32-, and water depth were significant variables (P<0.05) in explaining diatom distributions. Of these, TP, Chl a, SD, and C1-, were the most important variables. The result of the correlation analysis also showed that a significant correlation exists among these variables, implying that these indices are either interconnected or independent in explaining the diatom data. For phosphorus-limited sites, TP was the most significant variable affecting the diatoms, also affecting changes in Chl a, SD, and iron concentrations. The independence of Chl a may be related to algal competition induced by lake eutrophication, resulting in the feedback to diatom community.In addition to TP, SD can be related to sediment disturbance by wave action and the growth of macrophytes in large shallow lakes. These relationships between diatom ecotypes and water quality provide the basis for a future quantitative reconstruction of historic lake nutrient evolution in the study area and will also provide a wealth of modern ecological knowledge that can be used to interpret fossil diatom records.  相似文献   

19.
    
The relationship between surface sediment diatoms and summer water quality was investigated at 49 lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Lakes ranging from oligomesotrophic to hypereutrophic were examined, providing an obvious nutrient gradient. With the shift from mesotrophic to eutrophic levels, diatom multi-ecotypes dominated by epiphytic and facultative planktonic taxa were replaced by nutrient-tolerant planktonic taxa, such as Cyclotella meneghiniana Skvortzow, C. atomus Hustedt, Cyclostephanos Round, and Stephanodiscus Ehrenberg etc., reflecting the nutrient changes in the lake. The relationship between diatoms and summer water quality indices was explored further using numeric analysis. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) with forward selection and a Monte Carlo permutation test revealed that of all 25 summer water environmental variables, total phosphorus (TP), chlorophyll a (Chl a), Secchi depth (SD), dissolved inorganic phosphorus, Cl–, SO42–, Mg2+, CO32–, and water depth were significant variables (P<0.05) in explaining diatom distributions. Of these, TP, Chl a, SD, and Cl–, were the most important variables. The result of the correlation analysis also showed that a significant correlation exists among these variables, implying that these indices are either interconnected or independent in explaining the diatom data. For phosphorus-limited sites, TP was the most significant variable affecting the diatoms, also affecting changes in Chl a, SD, and iron concentrations. The independence of Chl a may be related to algal competition induced by lake eutrophication, resulting in the feedback to diatom community. In addition to TP, SD can be related to sediment disturbance by wave action and the growth of macrophytes in large shallow lakes. These relationships between diatom ecotypes and water quality provide the basis for a future quantitative reconstruction of historic lake nutrient evolution in the study area and will also provide a wealth of modern ecological knowledge that can be used to interpret fossil diatom records.  相似文献   

20.
汉江中下游浮游植物群落结构及水质评价   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
买占  李诗琦  郭超  李为  殷战  刘家寿 《生物资源》2020,42(3):271-278
南水北调中线工程调水后,汉江中下游水华频发引起社会关注。为掌握调水后汉江中下游浮游植物的群落结构特征,于2017年11月、2018年2月、4月和8月在汉江中下游的8个断面对浮游植物进行了定量调查。调查结果显示:共鉴定浮游植物163种,群落组成以硅藻门(Bacillariophyta)、绿藻门(Chlorophyta)为主,其次是蓝藻门(Cyanophyta)。浮游植物优势种主要为硅藻门的梅尼小环藻(Cyclotellameneghiniana)、颗粒直链藻最窄变种(Melosiragranulatavar.)、变异直链藻(Melosiravarians)、颗粒直链藻(Melosiragranulata),隐藻门的卵形隐藻(Cryptomonasovata),蓝藻门的弯曲颤藻(Oscillatoriasp.)和伪鱼腥藻(Pseudoanabaenasp.),且都有较高的优势度。浮游植物密度和生物量的季节变化范围分别为0.33×106cells/L~1.82×106cells/L和0.49mg/L~7.38mg/L。基于Shannon⁃Weaver多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数以及优势种评价法对汉江中下游的水质进行评价,判断汉江中下游水质整体处于中污状态。  相似文献   

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