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1.
Intravenous administration of prostaglandin F2α results in transient episodes of sinus bradycardia in anesthetized cats. In addition, ventricular bigeminy was observed in approximately 40% of those cats anesthetized with pentobarbital (36 mg/kg) and 58% of those anesthetized with chloralose (70 mg/kg). This arrhythmogenic effect of PGF2α is abolished following bilateral vagotomy, indicating that the arrhythmias are most likely due to a marked stimulation of vagal tone in this species. 相似文献
2.
Shiro Ohki Katsuhiro Imaki Fumio Hirata Toshio Hanyu Nobuhiko Nakazawa 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1974,6(2)
Radioimmunoassays for measuring prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and 5α, 7α-dihydroxy-11-keto tetranorprosta-1,16-dioic acid, PGF2α-main urinary metabolite (PGF2α-MUM), with 125I-tyrosine methylester amide (TMA) of PGF2α and PGF2α-MUM were developed.Antibody to PGF2α was produced in rabbits immunized with conjugates of PGF2α coupled to bovine serum albumine. Antibody to PGF2α-MUM was also produced in rabbits immunized with conjugates of PGF2α-MUM coupled to bovine serum albumin.PGF2α-125I-TMA had an affinity to antiserum to PGF2α. PGF2α-MUM-125I-TMA also responded to antiserum to PGF2α-MUM. 相似文献
3.
C. N. Hensby 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1974,8(5):369-375
Prostaglandins E2 and D2 were both converted to prostaglandin F2α (9α, 11α) by an enzyme present in sheep blood. Neither the 9β, 11α epimer nor the 9α, 11β epimer was produced from PGE2 or PGD2 respectively. The rate of reduction was measured using isotope dilution (D4 PGF2α) and multiple-ion detection gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 相似文献
4.
The present study has been performed to investigate how PGs would participate the hatching process. Effects of indomethacin, an antagonist to PGs biosynthesis, on the hatching of mouse blastocysts were examined in vitro. Furthermore, it was studied that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) or 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) were added to the culture media with indomethacin. (1) The hatching was inhibited by indomethacin yet the inhibition was reversible. (2) In the groups with indomethacin and PGE2, no improvement was seen in the inhibition of hatching and the inhibition was irreversible. (3) In the groups with indomethacin and PGF2α, inhibition of hatching was improved in comparison with the group with indomethacin. (4) In the groups with indomethacin and 6-keto-PGF1α, no improvement was seen. The above results indicated that PGF2α possibly had an accelerating effect on hatching and a high concentration of PGE2 would exert cytotoxic effect on blastocysts. 相似文献
5.
Lars-Eric Edqvist Hans Kindahl George Stabenfeldt 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1978,16(1):111-119
Progesterone, estrone and 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-PGF2α levels were determined in the peripheral blood circulation during the peripartal period in 12 cows. Plasma concentrations of progesterone showed a gradual and continuous decrease during the last 60 days before parturition. This gradual decrease was followed by an abrupt decline in the progesterone concentration occurring 24–48 hours before delivery. The plasma levels of estrone started to increase about 30 days prior to parturition with high concentrations attained during the last days of pregnancy. After delivery the estrone content decreased to baseline levels. Increased levels of the PGF2α metabolite were recorded 24–48 hours before parturition. These increased PGF2α metabolite levels occurred before or in conjunction with prepartum luteolysis. Prostaglandin metabolite levels remained high during parturition and returned to baseline 10–20 days after delivery. 相似文献
6.
In humans eicosapentaenoic acid can be converted to 3-series prostaglandins (PGF3α, PGI3, and PGE3). Whether 3-series prostaglandins can protect the gastric mucosa from injury as effectively as their 2-series analogs is unknown. Therefore, we compared the protective effects of PGF3α and PGF2α against gross and microscopic gastric mucosal injury in rats. Animals received a subcutaneous injection of either PGF3α or PGF2α in doses raning from 0 (vehicle) to 16.8 μmol/kg and 30 min later they received intragastric administration of 1 ml of absolute ethanol. Whether mucosal injury was assessed 60 min or 5 min after ethanol, PGF3α was significantly less protective against ethanol-induced damage than PGF2α. These findings indicate that the presence of a third double bond in the prostaglandin F molecule between carbons 17 and 18 markedly reduces the protective effects of this prostaglandin on the gastric mucosa. 相似文献
7.
Ian Craft Elizabeth Walker Ezat Youssefnejadian 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1974,5(4):397-407
Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) 20 mg combined with urea 80 g was injected intra-amniotically in 20 patients to induce mid-trimester abortion. Abortion resulted in all subjects within 24 hours in a mean time of 12 hours 38 minutes (range 5 hours 50 minutes to 20 hours 45 minutes).Plasma sex steroids were evaluated before and hourly for 5 hours after the injection. A progressive decline in levels occurred with time. Decreases in plasma progesterone, estrone, estradiol and estriol were significant as soon as one hour after injection.Gastrointestinal side effects occurred with a greater frequency than when a comparable dose of PGF2α is given alone and 2 patients had small cervical lacerations requiring suture. Further studies are indicated to establish whether a lower dose of PGF2α will be associated with fewer side effects and be as effective. 相似文献
8.
Potassium-deficiency was induced in rats by dietary deprivation of potassium. The animals became polyuric and urine osmolality decreased more then three-fold compared to controls. Urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) did not increase during 2 weeks of potassium depletion. Partial inhibition of renal prostaglandin synthesis by meclofenamate did not increase the urine osmolality after water deprivation. These results make unlikely the hypothesis that the polyuria of potassium-deficiency, is the result of enhanced renal synthesis of prostaglandins with subsequent antagonism of the hydro-osmotic effect of vasopressin. Male animals consistently excreted less PGE2 than female animals. 相似文献
9.
G.C. Liggins G.A. Campos C.M. Roberts S.J. Skinner 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1980,19(3):461-477
Human endometrium obtained from fresh hysterectomy specimens was perifused for 7 hr in 95% O2/5% CO2 at 37°C. The phase of the menstrual cycle was determined by histological examination. The concentrations of PGF, 6-keto-PGF1α and TxB2 in 20 min fractions of the perifusion medium were measured by radioimmunoassay and production rates were calculated in terms of dry weight of tissue. Biphasic patterns of production were observed; high initial values fell to about 20% at 2 hr and then increased to relatively stable values at about 4 hr which were maintained for the next 2 hr. During this latter period, production rates in endometria taken at different phases of the cycle differed markedly from each other; the production rates of PGF in secretory and early proliferative endometria were low (15.8 ± 2.6, mean ± SEM and 67.2 ± 8.3 ng/min/g respectively) whereas they were high in late proliferative and premenstrual endometria (188.0 ± 16.7 and 196.4 ± 16.9 ng/min/g respectively). The patterns of production of 6-keto-PGF1α and TxB2 were similar to those of PGF but the absolute values were much lower (<10%). We conclude that the observed rates of production of prostaglandins by perifused human endometrium are consistent with synthesis being stimulated either by estrogen or withdrawal of hormonal support and being inhibited by progesterone. 相似文献
10.
Lawrence Levine Kung-Yue Wu Sheng-Shung Pong 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1975,9(4):531-544
Antibodies directed toward PGF2β were prepared in rabbits. The serologic specificity of the immune reaction was determined by inhibition of sodium borohydride-reduced (3H) PGE2 anti-PGF2β binding by several prostaglandins. The antibodies to PGF2β recognize the β-hydroxyl configuration in the cyclopentane ring of PGF2β. With the use of both anti-PGF2α and anti-PGF2β, the product of PGE2 reduction by 9-ketoreductase purified from chicken heart was identified as PGF2α. Guinea pig liver and kidney homogenates were examined for PGE 9-ketoreductase activity. Although enzyme activity was present, no evidence of PGF2β production was found. 相似文献
11.
Our reported data on the cortical inhibitory actions of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and the diversity of data in the literature on cerebral PG actions are examined here in the light of intracellular recording which provides the requisite membrane data for the first time. Thus, 1) intracellular recording from the cat cerebral cortex is obtained for the actions of PGF2α and for norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5HT). 2) The parallel changes in firing and polarization and the simultaneous transmembrane conductance changes are qualitatively identical for PGF2α, NE and 5HT. 3) The reduction in firing accompanied by hyperpolarization indicates that PGF2α, NE and 5HT all inhibit these cells. 4) The ionic species responsible for this inhibition is such that it increased the transmembrane resistance, and this was true for all three. 5) The changes in membrane parameters, identical in direction for PGF2α and NE, but stronger for the latter, constitute conditions that can lead to competitive inhibition and therefore conote, presumably, actions at the same or related receptors. Such competition with evoked cortical field potentials is shown in the preceding paper. 相似文献
12.
A viroimmunoassay of PG F2α is presented here. By a modification of the technique used by Dray et al. (3), it allowed us to measure as low as one picogram of PG F2α. It seems that such a sensitive assay might be usefull for many purposes in the prostaglandin field. 相似文献
13.
Two subcutaneous injections of Prostaglandin F2α THAM salt 24 hours apart terminated pregnancies in cats after the 40th day of gestation. Injections of 0.50 or 1.00 mg. PGF2α THAM salt/Kg. body weight were the most effective in terminating pregnancies. Parturition or abortion occurred within 24 hours after the initial injection in 9 cats and after the 2nd injection in 4 cats. 相似文献
14.
James R. Jones M.D. Gwen P. Gentile M.D. Ekkehard K. Kemmann M.D. Soriero Alice A. Ph.D. 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1975,9(6):881-892
Intrauterine PGF2α (5mg) was administered for termination of early pregnancy in 14 healthy volunteers. With 11 complete abortions, the efficiency rate of this technique is below conventional methods. In addition, the incidence of infection was high occurring in 12 out of 14 subjects. Because of persistent bleeding, six patients underwent a dilatation and curettage. Other significant side effects included transient hypertension, pain, nausea and restlessness. In the patients with a complete abortion, the mean plasma progesterone concentration fell 37% after 8 hours post PGF2α instillation and 90% 14 days later. The mean plasma estradiol-17β fell 26% over the initial eight hour period and 75% over the next 14 days. 相似文献
15.
Prostaglandin (PG)F2α, E2, D2 and 6-keto-F1α were determined in human cerebrospinal fluid by a mass spectrometric technique. The samples were obtained from 12 patients with suspected intracranial disease. A 64 fold variation in PG levels was observed. The major PG was 6-keto-F1α (0.12–15 ng/ml). PGF2α and PGE2 were present in lower concentrations PGD2 was below the level of detection (0.05 ng/ml) except in one patient with extremely high total levels of PGs. 相似文献
16.
Roberto P. Rosenkranz 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1978,15(6):925-942
Intracerebroventricular administration of prostaglandins E1 or E2 was shown to block, while PGF2α increased the incidence of tonic convulsion due to electroshock in mice. The Prostaglandins were administered intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) to conscious mice by a modification of Haley and McCormick's method (1) prior to a transcorneal maximal electroshock (MES) or a transcorneal supra-maximal electroshock (SMES). PGE1 and PGE2 i.c.v. blocked the tonic hindlimb extension (THE) and protected the animals from death induced by MES with ED50's for PGE1 and PGE2 for inhibition of the THE of 6.6 (4.3–12.0) μg/mouse i.c.v. and 13.3 (8.9–22.4) μg/mouse i.c.v. respectively. When PGE2 was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) in doses as high as 4.0 mg/kg it did not block the THE. However, the duration of the THE as well as the mortality were reduced by doses of 0.5–4.0 mg/kg PGE2 i.p.. Both PGE1 and PGE2 were shown to cause a dose related significant (p<.001) decrease in the duration of the THE with SMES in doses of 1–10 μg/mouse i.c.v. for PGE1 and 2–40 μg/mouse i.c.v. for PGE2. PGF2α, administered i.c.v. prior to a transcorneal electroshock equivalent to a current at the ED1 level, increased the incidence of the THE as well as the mortality in doses of 20–50 μg/mouse. 相似文献
17.
Iwao Koyama Haruo Yamagami Toyoyasu Kuwae Munetsugu Kurata 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1982,23(6):777-785
The release of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6KF1α)_and of thromboxane B2 (TXB2) from cells were investigated using mouse peritoneal exudate cells (PECs) and non-cultured peritoneal macrophages. They were prepared by adhesion to glass dishes and incubated for 1 hr at 37°C in 5% Co2 in air. Both the percentage of spreading macrophages and the release of 6KF1α and TXb2 increased in proportion to the incubation time. 6KF1α and TXB2 were released from the macrophages, not from the non-adherent cells. When PECs were incubated in silicon-coated glass dishes, the spreading of macrophages was hardly detected and lower amounts of 6KF1α and TXB2 were released from these cells compared with cells incubated in non-treated glass dishes. These findings suggest that adhesion with the correlated spreading of macrophages on glass dishes serve as a considerable physical factor for the release of 6KF1α and TXB2. 相似文献
18.
The cerebral cortical action of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) has been determined by recording the effects of intracarotid injections of PGF2α on cerebral evoked potentials. PGF2α differentially reduced cortical evoked potentials. The cortical action of PGF2α appeared to be qualitatively identical with that of norepinephrine (NE) but weaker. A protection of the cortex from the inhibitory action of NE by a preceding dose of PGF2α was demonstrated. The actions of both PGF2α and NE appear to be on the same or related postsynaptic receptors. The actions described were at doses that did not reduce oxygen availability. PGF2α may act as a modulator of adrenergic transmission in the cortex. The intracellular recording in the companion paper supplies the further critical evidence that PGF2α has a synaptic inhibitory action. 相似文献
19.
E.K. Weir M.R.C.P. J.T. Reeves M.D. W. Droegemueller M.D. R.F. Grover M.D. 《Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators》1975,9(3):369-376
Intramuscular injection of the 15-methyl analogue of prostaglandin F2α (15-me-PGF2α) is being used to initiate second trimester abortion. The natural prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) is a known pulmonary pressor agent but there is little information about the cardiovascular effects of the analogue. Consequently, we compared the hemodynamic responses to the two forms in twenty-three anesthetized dogs. Given I.M. or I.V. 15-me-PGF2α produced a greater and more sustained rise in pulmonary arterial pressure than PG F2α. Intramuscular 15-me-PGF2α also elicited a more prolonged increase in pulmonary vascular resistance than prostaglandin F2α given I.M. or I.V. The methyl analogue (I.M. or I.V.) causes a greater initial fall in systemic arterial oxygen tension and cardiac output, and a greater increase in systemic resistance than I.M. PG F2α Breathlessness seen during abortion induced by prostaglandin F2α or its methyl analogue may be caused by acute pulmonary hypertension in addition to bronchoconstriction. 相似文献
20.
3H5,6-Prostaglandin F1α is largely eliminated from the circulation during a single passage through the pulmonary vascular bed. Its elimination requires cellular uptake. The volume of distribution and the mean transit time of the radioactivity are greater than those of an intravascular marker, blue dextran. The lungs retain 25–30% of the radioactivity, most in the form of a metabolite less polar than PGF1α itself. The pulmonary venous effluent contains the same metabolite along with some unmetabolized PGF1α. The metabolite can be distinguished from prostaglandins of the A, B, D, E and F series. It is reduced on reaction with borohydride, but reduction does not yield PGF1α. NaOH has no effect on the metabolite, a finding that rules out the presence of a β-hydroxy-ketone configuration of the ring structure. The chromatographic behavior of the metabolite and its reaction with borohydride are those expected of 9,11-hydroxy-15-ketoprostanoic acid. 相似文献