A self-study of editorial board diversity at Biological Invasions

Biological Invasions - The editorial board of this journal, Biological Invasions, aims to publish research that informs understanding of the patterns and processes of invasions and discussion of...     

Surprisingly high economic costs of biological invasions in protected areas

Biological Invasions - Biological invasions are one of the main threats to biodiversity within protected areas (PAs) worldwide. Meanwhile, the resilience of PAs to invasions remains largely...     

Biological anthropology's critical engagement with genomics,evolution, race/racism,and ourselves: Opportunities and challenges to making a difference in the academy and the world

Biological anthropology can, and should, matter in the Anthropocene. Biological anthropologists are interested in human biology and the human experience in a broader ecological, evolutionary, and phylogenetic context. We are interested in the material of the body, the history of the body, and interactions of diverse bodies, communities, ecologies, and evolutionary processes. However, the cultural realities of bodies, histories, communities, livelihoods, perceptions, and experiences are as central to the endeavor and inquiry of biological anthropology as are their material aspects. Biological anthropology is a constant dialectic between the cultural and the biological. In this essay, I argue that Biological Anthropology has much to offer, a history to contend with, and a future that matters. To illustrate this, I highlight theoretical and methodological issues in genomics, evolutionary theory and connect them to the study of Race and Racism to emphasize specific arenas where Biological Anthropology has a great capacity, and a strong obligation, to play a central role. However, Biological Anthropology also has substantive internal issues that hinder our ability to do the best possible science. If we are to live up to our potential and make a difference in the 21st century we need to ameliorate our structural shortcomings and expand our voice, and impact, in academic and public discourse. The goal of this perspective is to offer suggestions for moving us toward this goal.     

应用多种教学方法,建设活跃的生物化学课程

生物化学授课过程中,教师通过丰富课堂资源、进行问题导向式教学、加强在线学习、建立多元化的课程考核方式及设定定时答疑制度等多种方法,激发学生学习兴趣,提升生物化学教学和学习效果,建设"笑起来""动起来"的活跃的课程。同学们普遍认为,生物化学课程内容充实有趣,教学形式多样,并且在课堂上学到了很多前沿知识。     

News from the Biological Stain Commission No. 11

The 11th issue of News from the Biological Stain Commission (BSC) provides our first impressions of the REACH and ECHA programs. We intend to give a more thorough account of what these important programs actually mean in later editions of News from the Biological Stain Commission. Under the heading of Regulatory Affairs, the Biological Stain Commission's International Affairs Committee presents information from the opening session of the meeting of the International Standards Organization ISO/TC 212 Clinical laboratory testing and in vitro diagnostic test systems held on 2-4 June 2010 in Seoul, Republic of Korea.     

Massive economic costs of biological invasions despite widespread knowledge gaps: a dual setback for India

Biological Invasions - Biological invasions are one of the top drivers of the ongoing biodiversity crisis. An underestimated consequence of invasions is the enormity of their economic impacts....     

News from the Biological Stain Commission No. 11

The 11th issue of News from the Biological Stain Commission (BSC) provides our first impressions of the REACH and ECHA programs. We intend to give a more thorough account of what these important programs actually mean in later editions of News from the Biological Stain Commission. Under the heading of Regulatory Affairs, the Biological Stain Commission’s International Affairs Committee presents information from the opening session of the meeting of the International Standards Organization ISO/TC 212 Clinical laboratory testing and in vitro diagnostic test systems held on 2-4 June 2010 in Seoul, Republic of Korea.     

Change is necessary in a biological engineering curriculum

Success of a Biological Engineering undergraduate educational program can be measured in a number of ways, but however it is measured, a presently successful program can translate into an unsuccessful program if it cannot adjust to different conditions posed by technical advances, student characteristics, and academic pressures. Described in this paper is a Biological Engineering curriculum that has changed significantly since its transformation from Agricultural Engineering in 1993. As a result, student numbers have continued to climb, specific objectives have emerged, and unique courses have been developed. The Biological Resources Engineering program has evolved into a program that emphasizes breadth, fundamentals, communications skills, diversity, and practical engineering judgment.     

国际生物土壤结皮研究发展态势文献计量分析

生物土壤结皮是荒漠生态系统组成和地表景观的重要特征。近年来,各国和各相关研究机构对生物土壤结皮的研究力度不断加大。利用Bibexcel和NetDraw等文献计量工具,对Web of Science数据库中国际生物土壤结皮研究相关文献进行了分析。在对主要国家和机构的发文进行统计分析后发现:美国、德国和西班牙等国的生物土壤结皮研究论文的综合影响力较高;胡安·卡洛斯国王大学和美国地质调查局等机构的论文影响力较大;中国生物土壤结皮研究论文在总量上优势明显,但高质量论文不多;国际生物土壤结皮研究的主要研究热点集中在腾格里沙漠等沙漠地区,氮循环研究和微生物群落研究是研究的重点。     

Four suggestions for addressing public concern regarding synthetic biology

The following essay was written by Mr. Alex Hatch, a junior undergraduate student majoring in Biological Engineering at Utah State University. Mr. Hatch submitted a 1000-1200 word essay to the 5^th Annual Bioethics Contest sponsored by the Institute of Biological Engineering (IBE). A group of professionals in Biological Engineering assessed and ranked the essays in a blinded process. Five semi-finalists were invited to present their essays at a session at the annual meeting of IBE in Cambridge, MA on March 6, 2010. Five judges scored all the presentations and selected Mr. Hatch's contribution as the overall winner (first place).     

Are the “100 of the world’s worst” invasive species also the costliest?

Biological Invasions - Biological invasions are increasing worldwide, damaging ecosystems and socioeconomic sectors. Two decades ago, the “100 of the world’s worst” invasive alien...     

“人造精子”介导基因编辑技术的建立与应用

"人造精子",即小鼠孤雄单倍体胚胎干细胞,是一种可在体外长期培养扩增和进行遗传操作的细胞,因其具备胚胎干细胞自我更新和多向分化的特性,并拥有代替精子使卵母细胞"受精",产生半克隆小鼠的能力,而被广泛应用于生命科学研究的各个领域。与CRISPR-Cas9技术相结合,"人造精子"能够同时实现细胞水平和动物水平的复杂基因编辑,因此可作为一个有力的研究工具。本文就"人造精子"技术的建立与改进、在基因编辑方面的应用,以及全基因组标签计划的提出与进展展开综述。     

Multivariate analysis of periphytic and benthic diatom assemblages from Papua New Guinea

The benthic and periphytic diatom flora is studied in 136 fresh waters in Papua New Guinea. DCA ordination and TWINSPAN are used to describe 20 diatom assemblages. Conductivity, water temperature and altitude are the main sources for the variation in the data. Laing Island Biological Station publication n° 214 Laing Island Biological Station publication n° 214     

Individual variation in dispersal associated behavioral traits of the invasive Chinese mitten crab （Eriocheir sinensis,H. Milne Edwards, 1854） during initial invasion of Lake V~inern,Sweden

Understanding and predicting species range-expansions and biological invasions is an important challenge in modem ecology because of rapidly changing environments. Recent studies have revealed that consistent within-species variation in behavior （i.e. animal personality） can be imperative for dispersal success, a key stage in the invasion process. Here we investigate the composition and correlation of two important personality traits associated with invasion success, activity and boldness, and how they are connected to sex and individual size in a newly colonised population of the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis in Lake Vanem, Sweden. We found no effect of sex or size on behavioral expressions orE. sinensis but a clear positive correlation between boldness and activity. In addition, this study generates important baseline data for monitoring behavioral develop ment, and thereby changing ecological impact, of an invading population over time. This has implications for predicting ecological effects of invasive species as well as for managing ecological invasions.     

百日咳杆菌去内毒素及保护性抗原的纯化

内毒素(Endotoxin,简称ET)是百日咳全菌苗(Bordetellapertussis vaccine)产生副作用的主要毒素之一,且不易除去。现有的分离方法,如蔗糖密度梯度离心法,较繁琐,成本高。本文采用Sepha-cryl S-300凝胶层折法可以简便有效的去除大部分内毒素。初步毒素试验结果表明:已达到日本生物制品规格的要求。两种保护性抗原FHA和LPF-HA也得到进一步分离纯化,为今后研制高效的百日咳组分菌苗提供了实验条件。     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
The Biological Productivity of Britain (Symposium of the Institute of Biology, no. 7). Edited by W. B. Y app and D. J. W atson .
The Insect Pests of Cotton in Tropical Africa. By E. O. P earson .
The Principles of Biological Control. By H arvey L. S weetman .
Methods of Analytical Histology andHisto-Chemistry. By E dward G urr .
Electronic Apparatus for Biological Research. By P. E. K. D onaldson .
An Introduction to the Behaviour of Invertebrates. By J. D. C arthy .
Reproductive Physiology. By A. V. N albandov .
The Control of Pests and Diseases in Agricultural and Horticultural Crops. By G. L. H ey and K. M arshall .     

Grand challenges for biological engineering

Biological engineering will play a significant role in solving many of the world's problems in medicine, agriculture, and the environment. Recently the U.S. National Academy of Engineering (NAE) released a document "Grand Challenges in Engineering," covering broad realms of human concern from sustainability, health, vulnerability and the joy of living. Biological engineers, having tools and techniques at the interface between living and non-living entities, will play a prominent role in forging a better future. The 2010 Institute of Biological Engineering (IBE) conference in Cambridge, MA, USA will address, in part, the roles of biological engineering in solving the challenges presented by the NAE. This letter presents a brief outline of how biological engineers are working to solve these large scale and integrated problems of our society.     

Information processing in microtubules

Biological information processing, storage, and transduction are theorized to occur by “computer-like” transfer and resonance among subunits of polymerized cytoskeletal proteins: microtubules. Biological information functions (ciliary and flagellar control, axoplasmic transport, conscious awareness) could be explained by comparing microtubule structure and activities to Boolean switching matrices, parallel computers, and such technologies as transistor circuits, magnetic bubble memory, charge transfer devices, surface acoustic wave resonators, and/or holography.     

生物净化废气技术的进展

生物技术以其能在常温常压下将污染物降解为无毒无害的简单物质、无二次污染、运行费用低等优点,目前已应用于许多废气处理,并已经形成了一套关于可生化气体的净化原理和工业应用经验的重要体系。文中介绍了生物技术处理污水处理厂、养殖场排放的恶臭气体、工厂排放的硫化物的发展,并分析了解决生物膜堵塞的途径,以及分子生物学在废气生物处理中的应用研究,提出生物净化废气技术的发展方向,期待该技术在国内能得到更广泛的应用。     

生物净化废气技术的进展

生物技术以其能在常温常压下将污染物降解为无毒无害的简单物质、无二次污染、运行费用低等优点,目前已应用于许多废气处理,并已经形成了一套关于可生化气体的净化原理和工业应用经验的重要体系。文中介绍了生物技术处理污水处理厂、养殖场排放的恶臭气体、工厂排放的硫化物的发展,并分析了解决生物膜堵塞的途径,以及分子生物学在废气生物处理中的应用研究,提出生物净化废气技术的发展方向,期待该技术在国内能得到更广泛的应用。