A new species of the chalcid-wasp genus Ericydnus walker (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Encyrtidae) from West Siberia

A new species, Ericydnus novosibiricus sp. n., is described. The main characters differentiating the new species from the similar E. longicornis Dalman are as follows: female??fore wing noticeably shortened, with almost normally developed veins and rounded apex, marginal vein longer than postmarginal vein, 6th flagellar segment slightly longer than wide, club truncate; male??fore wing noticeably shortened, with almost normally developed veins and pointed apex, flagellar segments subsequently becoming wider toward antennal apex.     

中国长尾小蜂属(膜翅目,长尾小蜂科)分类研究

研究了中国长尾小蜂属Torymus Dalman,记述3个中国新纪录种,提供了形态特征图,编制了中国长尾小蜂属分种检索表.研究标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆.     

Snow craneflies of the Genus Chionea Dalman (Diptera: Limoniidae) from Korea

The Korean snow cranefly genus Chionea Dalman is reviewed taxonomically. Four species are identified: C. crassipes Boheman, C. kanenoi Sasakawa, C. mirabilis Vanin and C. deogyusana sp. nov. Among them, C. deogyusana sp. nov. is new to science, and C. kanenoi is reported for the first time in Korea. A key to Korean species and photographs of external features are given.     

中国副蟑跳小蜂属分类研究及两新种记述（膜翅目：跳小蜂科）

记述了分布于中国的副蟑跳小蜂属Parablatticida的6 种,其中有2 新种：P. orientalis sp. nov.和P. scapata sp. nov.;P. brevicornis (Dalman),P. magniclava Hayat和 P. terebrata (Trjapitzin) 为中国新记录种。文中提供了分种检索表、形态特征图。模式标本及其他研究标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆。     

Digenetic trematodes of the genus Clinostomum Leidy, 1856 (Digenea: Clinostomidae) from birds of Queensland, Australia, including C. wilsoni n. sp. from Egretta intermedia

Two species of Clinostomum previously described from Australia, C. hornum from Botaurus poiciloptilus (Australian bittern) and Nycticorax caledonicus (Nankeen night heron) and C. australiense from Pelecanus conspicillatus (Australian pelican), which have previously been synonymised with C. complanatum, are redescribed and recognised as valid species. In addition, C. complanatum is recorded from Egretta alba (large egret), E. garzetta (little egret), E. intermedia (plumed egret), N. caledonicus and Ardea novaehollandiae (white-faced heron). C. wilsoni n. sp. is described from E. intermedia from Queensland. C. wilsoni differs from the other three species in size and shape of the body and in the oral collar, oral sucker, intestinal caeca, caecal diverticula and position of testes. Taxonomic problems within the genus Clinostomum are discussed.     

Production of cytochalasins C,D & E from dematiaceous hyphomycetes

One hundred isolates of 27 species belonging to 13 genera of dematiaceous hyphomycetes were screened for production of cytochalasins C, D and E. Only two isolates ofBipolaris neergaardii and one isolate ofPhoma herbarum produced cytochalasins C and D. Also, cytochalasin E was produced by two isolates ofAlternaria chlamydospora, and one isolate ofCochliobolus tuberculatus. This is the first report about the production of cytochalasins C, D and E by these species of dematiaceous hyphomycetes.     

Biology of Blepharida-group flea beetles with first notes on natural history of Podontia congregata Baly, 1865 an endemic flea beetle from southern India (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini)

The biology, host plants, and pest status of Podontia Dalman, 1824 species are reviewed. Natural history of Podontia congregata Baly, 1865 a flea beetle endemic to southern India, is reported for the first time. It is distributed from the Western Ghats Mountains westward to the plains. Clusiaceae is reported as a new host plant family for Blepharida-group species, with Garcinia gummi-gutta (L.) N. Robson (Clusiaceae) as the host plant for Podontia congregata. Pentatomid bugs attack the larvae but not eggs, pupae, or adults. A new egg parasitoid species, Ooencyrtus keralensis Hayat and Prathapan, 2010 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), was discovered. Aspects of Podontia congregata host selection, life cycle, and larval fecal defenses are consistent with its inclusion in the Blepharida-genus group.     

The influence of ant attendance on larval parasitism in hawthorn psyllids (Homoptera: Psyllidae)

The influence of ant attendance on parasitization of the larvae of three hawthorn psyllid species [Cacopsylla peregrina Förster, C. melanoneura Förster, C. crataegi (Schrank)] was studied over 2 years. All three psyllid species had low parasitization rates. However, the ant-attended C. crataegi was almost exclusively parasitized by Prionomitus mitratus (Dalman) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) while the unattended C. peregrina and C. melanoneura were predominantly attacked by P. tiliaris (Dalman). Additionally, C. peregrina and C. melanoneura has significantly higher hyperparasitization rates than the ant-attended C. crataegi, with Pachyneuron muscarum as the dominant hyperparasitoid of all three psyllids. The mummies of C. peregrina and C. melanoneura were also heavily attacked by anthocorids. Both Prionomitus tiliaris and P. mitratus were disturbed and jumped away when encountering foraging ants. However, ant exclusion experiments showed that the primary parasitoid P. mitratus benefitted from ant attendance of its host C. crataegi as honeydew-collecting ants provided it with protection from hyperparasitoids.     

Developmental patterns in the polyembryonic parasitoid wasp Copidosoma koehleri

Polyembryony is a unique mode of development in which multiple genetically identical embryos develop from a single egg. In some polyembryonic species a proportion of the embryos develop into soldier larvae, which attack competitors in the host. We studied the development of the polyembryonic wasp Copidosoma koehleri in its host Phthorimaea opercullela. We dissected hosts parasitized by either virgin or mated female wasps at 2day intervals from hatching to the final instars. We documented host mass and head width, the number and size of developing wasps and the presence of a soldier larva. Additionally, we kept a sample of parasitized hosts until emergence of wasps and measured the head width of emerging adults. We characterized wasp development in relation to host development. One half of the broods produced by mated wasps contained one soldier larva throughout development. This suggests that in C. koehleri each female brood produces a single soldier larva, and that the soldier probably survives and grows gradually during host development. Additionally, we found that female broods were larger than male broods during development and also upon emergence. Accordingly, body size was larger for males during development as well as upon emergence. These findings may extend the existing knowledge on polyembryonic development in general, and serve as a baseline for further experiments.     

埃及黄盾食蚧蚜小蜂在生物防治蚧壳虫中的作用

在埃及,黄盾食蚧蚜小蜂Coccophagus suteelaris(Dalman)是一种有效防治蚧壳虫的寄生蜂,研究中分别用6种蚧壳虫Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock,Coccus hesperidumL.,Pulvinaria floccifera (Westwood),P.psidii Maskell,Saissetia coffeae(Walker)以及S.oleae(Oliver)来饲养黄盾食蚧蚜小蜂,1999－2000年间,在埃及的Beni-Suef,Cairo,Giza,Gharbiya和北海岸等5个地方,C.scutellaris大规模的发生在7－11月间,C.scuteelaris对S.coffeae和S.oleae的最高寄生率分别是发生在1999年11月和8月的26％和22％,因此可以认为,黄盾食蚧蚜小蜂是对两种蚧壳虫有效的寄生蜂。     

Energy-dependent conversion of transformed cytosolic glucocorticoid receptors from soluble to particulate-bound form.

We have recently published that soluble cytosolic glucocorticoid receptors are converted to a particulate form when they are incubated at 37 degrees C in a tubulin-polymerizing buffer [Pratt, W. B., Sanchez, E. R., Bresnick, E. H., Meshinchi, S., Scherrer, L. C., Dalman, F. C., & Welsh, M. J. (1989) Cancer Res. (Suppl.) 49, 2222s-2229s]. In this work, we further define this phenomenon and demonstrate that the L-cell glucocorticoid receptors are binding to a protein particulate composed largely of cytoskeletal proteins. Incubation of L-cell cytosol with glutamate at 37 degrees C converts the glucorticoid receptor to a form that pellets when cytosol is centrifuged at 150000g. The particulate material formed in a temperature-dependent and glutamate-dependent manner contains a large amount of tubulin, actin, and vimentin, but it is not the product of a cold-labile, colchicine-sensitive polymerization process. Very few cytosolic proteins are present in this complex, but the glucocorticoid receptor is tightly bound to it. Binding of the receptor to the cytoskeletal complex occurs after receptor transformation and is at least partially energy-dependent. Examination of the behavior of beta-galactosidase receptor fusion proteins and the nti glucocorticoid receptor demonstrates that residues 445 to the COOH-terminus of the receptor (DNA-binding and hormone-binding domains) contain the features required for binding to the cytoskeletal complex. Although it is the transformed receptor that associates tightly with the complex, DNA-binding activity is not required for association with the cytoskeletal particulate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

THE ROLE OF COCCOPHAGUS SCUTELLARIS (HYMENOPTERA: APHELINIDAE) IN THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF SOFT SCALE INSECTS (HOMOPTERA: COCCIDAE) IN EGYPT

Abstract Coccophagus scutellaris (Dalman) is one of the specific parasitoids that attack soft scale insects in Egypt. In the present study, C. scutellaris was reared from 6 species of soft scale insects. These are Ceroplastes flori-densis Comstock, Coccus hesperidum L., Pulvinaria floccgera (Westwood), P. psidii Maskell, Saissetia coffeae (Walker) and S. oleae (Oliver). The abundance of C. scutellaris was monitored from July to Nov. 1999–2000 in five localities in Egypt, the Beni-Suef, Cairo, Giza, Gharbiya and the Northern coast. C. scutellaris is considered an effective parasitoid of S. coffeae and S. oleae with maximum parasitism rates reaching 26% and 22% in Nov. and Aug. 1999, respectively.     

长尾小蜂属二新种(膜翅目:长尾小蜂科)

记述采自新疆皮山和甘肃文县的长尾小蜂属Torymus Dalman 2新种：宽翅长尾小蜂Torymus latialatus,sp．nov．和甘肃长尾小蜂Torymus gansuensis,sp．nov．。模式标本保存在浙江大学应用昆虫学研究所。     

Description of Pseudorhabdosynochus shenzhenensis n. sp. (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) and redescription of P. serrani Yamaguti, 1953 from Epinephelus coioides off Dapeng Bay, Shenzhen, China

One new species of diplectanid, Pseudorhabdosynochus shenzhenensis n. sp., is reported and described from the marine fish Epinephelus coioides off Nan'ao, Shenzhen, China. It can be differentiated from previously described species of the same genus by features of the haptoral and vaginal hard-parts. A second species, P. serrani Yamaguti, 1953, originally described from Serranus sp. from the western Pacific Ocean off the Celebes (now called Sulawesi), is redescribed based on new material from E. coioides.     

Dactylogyrids (Platyhelminthes: Monogenoidea) parasitizing butterfly fishes (Teleostei: Chaetodontidae) from the coral reefs of Palau, Moorea, Wallis, New Caledonia, and Australia: species of Euryhaliotrematoides n. gen. and Aliatrema n. gen

Seven species of Euryhaliotrematoides n. gen. and 1 species of Aliatrema n. gen. (Monogenoidea; Dactylogyridae) are described and reported from the gills of 15 species of butterfly fishes (Chaetodontidae) from the coral reefs of Moorea (French Polynesia), Wallis (Wallis and Futuna), Heron and Lizard (Australia), Palau (Micronesia), and New Caledonia: Aliatrema cribbi n. sp. from Chaetodon auriga, Chaetodon lunula, Chaetodon trifasciatus, Chaetodon ulietensis, Chaetodon vagabundus, Forcipiger flavisissimus, and Heniochus chrysostomus; Euryhaliotrematoides annulocirrus n. comb. from C. auriga, C. lunula, and C. vagabundus; Euryhaliotrematoides aspistis n. sp. from C. auriga, Chaetodon citrinellus, C. lunula, Chaetodon reticulatus, C. ulietensis, and C. vagabundus; Euryhaliotrematoides berenguelae n. sp. from C. citrinellus, Chaetodon ornatissimus, and F. flavisissimus; Euryhaliotrematoides grandis n. comb. from C. auriga, C. citrinellus, Chaetodon ephippium, Chaetodon kleinii, Chaetodon lineolatus, C. lunula, C. ornatissimus, C. trifasciatus, C. vagabundus, and H. chrysostomus; Euryhaliotrematoides microphallus n. comb. from C. auriga, C. citrinellus, C. ephippium, C. kleinii, C. lunula, C. ornatissimus, C. reticulatus, Chaetodon trifascialis, C. trifasciatus, C. vagabundus, F. flavisissimus, and H. chrysostomus; Euryhaliotrematoides pirulum n. sp. from C. auriga, C. citrinellus, C. lunula, C. trifasciatus, and C. vagabundus; and Euryhaliotrematoides triangulovagina n. comb. from C. auriga, C. citrinellus, C. kleinii, C. lunula, C. ornatissimus, C. vagabundus, F. flavisissimus, H. chrysostomus, and Hemitaurichthys polylepis. All reports of previously described species are new locality records. With exceptions of E. grandis and E. annulocirrus on C. auriga and C. lunula and E. triangulovagina and E. microphallus on C. auriga, all reports are new host records. Haliotrema hainanensis and H. affinis are considered junior subjective synonyms of E. triangulovagina and E. annulocirrus, respectively. Aliatrema n. gen. is characterized by marine dactylogyrids with tandem gonads (germarium pretesticular), haptoral hooks with upright acute thumbs, a coiled copulatory organ with counterclockwise rings and funnel-shaped base but lacking an accessory piece, and a dextral vaginal pore. Euryhaliotrematoides n. gen. is characterized by marine dactylogyrids having tandem gonads (germarium pretesticular), haptoral hooks with upright acute thumbs, a coiled copulatory organ with counterclockwise rings and funnel-shaped base, a vas deferens looping the left intestinal cecum, and a dextral vaginal pore.     

Centaurea molesworthiae sp. nov. (Cardueae,Compositae) from southwest Spain

Centaurea molesworthiae E. López, Devesa & García Rojas (Cardueae, Compositae), a new species from southwest Spain is described and illustrated. The morphological variability of C. molesworthiae and the three closest species, C. prolongoi, C. crocata and C. occasus is analyzed and discussed. The chromosome number (2n = 40) of this new species is reported for the first time.     

球蚧蓝绿跳小蜂的研究

球蚧蓝绿跳小蜂是球坚蚧的重要天敌。该蜂寄生于球坚蚧的越冬若虫为致死性单寄生,寄生于球坚蚧雌成虫为非致死性过寄生,但显著降低球坚蚧的抱卵量。在新疆和田地区该蜂寄生于球坚蚧越冬若虫的寄生率为28．5％,寄生于雌成虫的寄生率为51．3％;在喀什地区寄生于球坚蚧雌成虫的寄生率为47％。描述了球蚧蓝绿跳小蜂的卵、幼虫、蛹的形态特征。叙述了球蚧蓝绿跳小峰世代生活史和习性,及其交配、产卵行为。表述球蚧蓝绿跳小峰与球坚蚧生活阶段对应关系。实施刮皮涂药措施防治球坚蚧,既能有效地防治球坚蚧,又可保护球蚧蓝绿跳小蜂。采集带蜂枝条插入装水塑料袋搬迁天敌,简单易行且效果好。     

常足螯蜂属三新种(膜翅目:螯蜂科)(英文)

本文记述了常足螯蜂属三新种：黄头常足螯蜂 Aphelopus luteoceps sp. nov,黑常足螯蜂 Aphelopusniger sp. nov．和拟白斑常足螯蜂 Aphelopus albopictoides sp.nov.模式标本保存于浙江农业大学植保系。黄头常足螯蜂,正模,陈学新采自浙江西天目山。该种与斑头常足螯峰近似,但从胸部包括并胸腹节的颜色,额线缺否及并胸腹节背面有无横脊加以区别。黑常足螯峰,采自西天目山。该新种与台湾常足螯蜂相似,以小盾片光泽否,并胸腹节后表面有无纵脊及外生殖器的形状相区别。拟白斑常足螯蜂采自西天目山,与白斑常足螯蜂相似,通过头部有无网皱,触角长度及外生殖器等的形状加以鉴别。