蝮蛇抗栓酶对血栓形成的影响

蝮蛇抗栓酶对血栓形成的影响杨天义南京铁道医学院２１０００９蝮蛇抗栓酶（ＳｎａｋｅＶｅｎｏｍＡｎｔｉ－ｔｈｒｏｍ－ｂｏｓｉｓＥｎｚｙｍｅ）简称ＳＶＡＴＥ。是我国１９８４年研究成功,从蝮蛇毒中提炼出的酶类制剂,其主要成分为蛋白质,含有２０余种蛇毒酶、１０...     

蝮蛇抗栓酶对动脉粥样硬化影响的实验研究

通过用蝮蛇栓酶对家兔实验性动脉粥样硬化影响的观察,发现Ｓｖａｔｅ能明显抑制家兔主动脉ＡＳ,同时能明显降低血液丙二醛、血栓素及甘油三酯含量,能升高血液超氧化物歧２化酶活性及前列环素含量。说明Ｓｖａｔｅ能预防ＡＳ,其机制与Ｓｖａｔｅ减轻自由基损伤、恢复前列环素血检 平衡及降血脂密切相关。     

蝮蛇抗栓酶的不良反应

蝮蛇抗栓酶的不良反应张海燕广西南宁市第二人民医院５３００３１蝮蛇抗栓酶（Ｓｖａｔｅ）是从蝮蛇毒中提取的酶制剂,是临床上常用的抗凝剂。近年来由于在医疗工作中广泛使用,其不良反应越来越多,现将其不良反应综述如下,以期临床用药时注意。１心血管系统反应杨菊贤...     

蝮蛇抗栓酶生产新工艺的研究

本文应用试验设计方法对蝮蛇抗栓酶提取分离进行了研究,结果指出,采用平衡液的缓冲系统(0.03M),流速以每小时约90ml,连续梯度洗脱盐浓度为0.4M,投样量5—6g时,提纯的蝮蛇抗栓酶的活性较高,产量比原工艺提高了15～20%,提取周期缩短15小时左右.     

蝮蛇抗栓酶的临床副作用

蝮蛇抗栓酶是一种从蝮蛇毒中提取的酶制剂。是以精氨酸酯酶为主有去纤、溶栓、解聚,扩血管、改善微循环,抗肿瘤等多功能抗凝作用的新药。经临床观察对脑血栓、脉管炎、冠心病和心肌梗塞等20多种疾病有较好的疗效,以往认为其副作用发生率低,随着抗栓酶临床应用的日趋广泛,发现它有一定的不良反应,现结合文献概述如下.1 一过性反应,可有发热,出汗、头痛、头胀、头晕、嗜睡、肢痛、肢体水肿、肢体发热等,一般不须任何处理可自行消退.魏氏等治疗冠心病50例,仅2例出现头晕、头痛.毕氏治疗冠心病50例有3例出现头晕,5例出现胸闷、气促、韩氏治疗脑血栓100例,有8例出现面部浮肿、陈氏等治疗脑血栓184例,有56例出     

关于精制蝮蛇抗栓酶的问答

于1991年5月下旬在昆明召开的中国蛇毒酶临床应用研讨会后,陆续收到许多读者来信,询问精制蝮蛇抗栓酶有关问题。为了能较全面地回答读者来信,采访了有关专家并做了某些调查,对几个共同问题公开做答,不专门复信,见谅。一、精制蝮蛇抗栓酶的本质是什么?答:根据昆明会议信息。精制蝮蛇抗栓酶就是原来的“江浙蝮蛇毒抗栓酶-3号”,由中国医科大学老年病防治中心在沈阳第一制药厂生产的江浙蝮蛇抗栓酶(Svate)基础上,经过两次分离所得的产物。经过动物实验及临床验证认为:毒副反应明显低于原江浙蝮蛇抗栓酶。为了区别于原江浙蝮蛇抗栓酶,已被辽宁省卫生厅批准正式批量生产。商品名称为“精制蝮蛇抗栓酶”。为什么要取消“江浙”二字,其     

蝮蛇抗栓酶与精制蝮蛇抗栓酶制剂的比较研究

本文作者对以东北长白山白眉蝮蛇毒为原料生产的两种酶制剂——蝮蛇抗栓酶与精制蝮蛇抗栓酶进行了比较研究。用 HPLC 柱层析粗毒得到15个蛋白峰,同时对两种酶制剂以 HPLC 层析用两根层析柱串联上样层析以提高其分辩率,得到两个图谱,蝮蛇抗栓酶有7个蛋白峰,而精制品有3～4个蛋白峰.同时以 SDS-PAGE 电泳图谱.蝮蛇抗栓酶呈现7～8条谱带,精制品有4～5条谱带,并与已知分子量的标准蛋白进行对比,结果表明两种酶制剂均非单一组分.蝮蛇抗栓酶谱带较多,精制品较纯.其分子量均在2～6万之间.蝮蛇抗栓酶几个组分有协同作用,每次剂量在0.25～0.50单位,即有明显疗效,而精制品临床用药剂量较大,每次0.75～1.0单位,多者达1.25单位(3～5支).     

蝮蛇抗栓酶的严重不良反应

蝮蛇抗栓酶(Svate)是从蝮蛇毒中提取的一种酶制剂,含有10种～15种酶,具有去纤、抗凝、降脂、扩张血管和改善微循环等作用.由于临床应用日益广泛,近来发现多种不良反应,其中有的是严重的不良反应.现简介如下.1 过敏性休克Svate为异体蛋白,可引起各种过敏反应,皮试阳性率为3.2%.高喜霞治疗一例骨髓炎,用药后5min,患者出现面色苍白、呼吸困难、全身紫绀、血压为0,立即注射肾上腺素、地塞米松等,症状缓解.周氏报道一例雷诺氏病,经多种方法治疗无效而应用Svate静滴,1min后出现胸闷、呼吸困难、紫绀、苍白、四肢厥冷、脉细弱,血压104/9pKa,进行性     

蝮蛇抗栓酶治疗急性软组织损伤

本文试用蝮蛇抗栓酶治疗急性软组织损伤２５例进行治疗观察,同样取得较好的疗效,说明急性软组织损伤主要是局部血循环障碍,气滞血瘀,蝮蛇抗栓酶有改善血循环消肿止痛、抗炎的作用。     

蝮蛇抗栓酶对自由基损伤影响的研究

通过２８只家兔动物实验及１００例心脑血管病、糖尿病的临床观察,发现蝮蛇抗栓酶能升高超氧化物歧化酶活性,降低脂质过氧化终末代谢产物丙二醛的含量。与对照组相比,二者均有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）,说明蝮蛇抗栓酶能减轻自由基损伤。     

Oxygen Toxicity. The Influence of Adenine-Nucleotides and Phosphate on Fe2+ Autoxidation

Fecl₂, in Na phosphate buffer autoxidizes forming active oxygen species which damage deoxyribose. Di-and triphosphate adenine-nucleotides inhibit both Fe²⁺ autoxidation and deoxyribose damage in Na phosphate buffer pH 7.4. The inhibition is related to the number of charges of the adenine-nucleotide molecule: ATP at pH 7.4 is a better inhibitor than ADP; at a pH (6.5) close to the pK's of the third and fourth charge of ADP and ATP, ADP inhibition is greatly decreased whereas ATP inhibition is slightly affected. The extent of ATP inhibition of Fe²⁺ autoxidation depends both on ATP/Mg²⁺ and ATP/Fe²⁺ ratios in the reaction mixture. Formation of a Fe²⁺ -nucleotide complex appears to be the mechanism through which ATP and ADP inhibit autoxidation and thus the generation of active oxygen species. These findings are discussed in relation to physiological and pathological fluctuations of nucleotide concentrations.     

Oxygen Toxicity. The Influence of Adenine-Nucleotides and Phosphate on Fe2+ Autoxidation

Fecl₂, in Na phosphate buffer autoxidizes forming active oxygen species which damage deoxyribose. Di-and triphosphate adenine-nucleotides inhibit both Fe²⁺ autoxidation and deoxyribose damage in Na phosphate buffer pH 7.4. The inhibition is related to the number of charges of the adenine-nucleotide molecule: ATP at pH 7.4 is a better inhibitor than ADP; at a pH (6.5) close to the pK's of the third and fourth charge of ADP and ATP, ADP inhibition is greatly decreased whereas ATP inhibition is slightly affected. The extent of ATP inhibition of Fe²⁺ autoxidation depends both on ATP/Mg²⁺ and ATP/Fe²⁺ ratios in the reaction mixture. Formation of a Fe²⁺ -nucleotide complex appears to be the mechanism through which ATP and ADP inhibit autoxidation and thus the generation of active oxygen species. These findings are discussed in relation to physiological and pathological fluctuations of nucleotide concentrations.     

Na2CO3处理对黄瓜嫁接苗与自根苗耐盐性的影响

通过Na2CO3,胁迫对黄瓜嫁接苗和自根苗耐盐性差异的研究,揭示黄瓜幼苗的耐盐机制,为设施黄瓜生产提供理论依据。实验以孝感早瓠瓜为砧木,津春四号黄瓜为接穗,采用不同浓度Na2CO3,溶液对黄瓜嫁接苗和自根苗进行处理,研究其对黄瓜幼苗的生理胁迫效应。结果表明：在0—7000mg／L范围内,随着Na2CO3,处理浓度的增加,黄瓜嫁接苗和自根苗的株高、茎粗、叶面积、地上部鲜重、根鲜重、叶绿素和根系活力均下降,但嫁接苗受抑制的程度显著低于自根苗;脯氨酸、丙二醛和根冠比均呈上升趋势,且这三项指标均表现为嫁接苗显著高于自根苗;叶片SOD酶活性均呈先上升后下降趋势,均在Na2CO3,处理浓度为1000mg／L时达到最大值,且嫁接苗的活性显著高于自根苗。嫁接苗的耐盐性优于自根苗,Na2CO3胁迫条件下,嫁接苗和自根苗的生长条件盐浓度以不超过3000mg／L为宜。     

Site-Specific and Asymmetric Hydrolysis of Prochiral 2-Phenyl-1,3-propanediol Diacetate by a Bacterial Esterase from an Isolated Strain

Bacillus cereus 809A and Burkholderia sp. 711C were isolated from soil. These strains demonstrate hydrolysis activity towards prochiral 2-phenyl-1,3-propanediol diacetate and accumulated the corresponding chiral monoacetates into the reaction mixture. When 2-phenyl 1,3-propanediol diacetate was used as a substrate, the produced monoacetates with Burkholderia sp. 711C were obtained in a racemic form but that produced by Bacillus cereus 809A showed an excess of the (S)-form. The resting cell reaction revealed that for Bacillus cereus 809A, there was an enrichment of one of the enantiomers of the monoacetate such that the enantiomeric excess (e.e.) of the (S)-form was over 95%. The purified enzyme from Bacillus cereus 809A hydrolyzed diacetate to monoacetate, and the e.e. value of the (S)-form increased by prolonged reaction in a way similar to the resting cell reaction. From N-terminal amino acids, this esterase is conserved in some strains of Bacillus for which the genomic sequences have been reported.     

The co-presence of Na+/Ca2+-K+ exchanger and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells

We have previously shown that there is high Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange (NCX) activity in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. In this study, by monitoring the [Ca(2+)](i) change in single cells and in a population of chromaffin cells, when the reverse mode of exchanger activity has been initiated, we have shown that the NCX activity is enhanced by K(+). The K(+)-enhanced activity accounted for a significant proportion of the Na(+)-dependent Ca(2+) uptake activity in the chromaffin cells. The results support the hypothesis that both NCX and Na(+)/Ca(2+)-K(+) exchanger (NCKX) are co-present in chromaffin cells. The expression of NCKX in chromaffin cells was further confirmed using PCR and northern blotting. In addition to the plasma membrane, the exchanger activity, measured by Na(+)-dependent (45)Ca(2+) uptake, was also present in membrane isolated from the chromaffin granules enriched fraction and the mitochondria enriched fraction. The results support that both NCX and NCKX are present in bovine chromaffin cells and that the regulation of [Ca(2+)](i) is probably more efficient with the participation of NCKX.     

The role of the Na+/Ca2+ exchangers in Ca2+ dynamics in ventricular myocytes

The role of the Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchanger (NCX) as the main pathway for Ca²⁺ extrusion from ventricular myocytes is well established. However, both the role of the Ca²⁺ entry mode of NCX in regulating local Ca²⁺ dynamics and the role of the Ca²⁺ exit mode during the majority of the physiological action potential (AP) are subjects of controversy. The functional significance of NCXs location in T-tubules and potential co-localization with ryanodine receptors was examined using a local Ca²⁺ control model of low computational cost. Our simulations demonstrate that under physiological conditions local Ca²⁺ and Na⁺ gradients are critical in calculating the driving force for NCX and hence in predicting the effect of NCX on AP. Under physiological conditions when 60% of NCXs are located on T-tubules, NCX may be transiently inward within the first 100 ms of an AP and then transiently outward during the AP plateau phase. Thus, during an AP NCX current (I_NCX) has three reversal points rather than just one. This provides a resolution to experimental observations where Ca²⁺ entry via NCX during an AP is inconsistent with the time at which I_NCX is thought to become inward. A more complex than previously believed dynamic regulation of I_NCX during AP under physiological conditions allows us to interpret apparently contradictory experimental data in a consistent conceptual framework. Our modelling results support the claim that NCX regulates the local control of Ca²⁺ and provide a powerful tool for future investigations of the control of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca²⁺ release under pathological conditions.     

Interleukin-2-dependent regulation of Na/K pump in human lymphocytes

The present study provides the first evidence that the abundance of catalytic alpha1-subunit of Na,K-ATPase increases in the course of T cell blast transformation. Immunodepressant cyclosporin A at anti-proliferative doses diminished the induction of alpha1 protein in activated lymphocytes. Furthermore, in competent T cells, IL-2 increases both the transport activity of Na/K pump and the content of Na,K-ATPase alpha1 protein in a time-dependent manner. A correlation was found between the long-term elevation in ouabain-sensitive Rb influxes and the increase in alpha1 protein content in late activated T cells. These results suggest that (1) the increased expression of Na,K-ATPase proteins underlie the cell cycle-dependent upregulation of ion pump during T cell transformation, and (2) IL-2 is involved in the regulated expression of Na,K-ATPase in human lymphocytes.     

不同生态环境榆耳酯酶同工酶的比较研究

榆耳（ＧｌｏｅｏｓｔｒｕｍｉｎｃａｒｎａｔｕｍＳ．Ｉｔｏ＆Ｉｍａｉ）是东北地区特有的一种食用兼药用野生高等真菌,它不仅可以食用,而且民间常被用来治疗痢疾,是一种经济及应用价值极高的真菌。通过几年的野外调查,从东北地区不同的生态环境条件下,分离到１０株...     

Na2CO3胁迫对黄瓜幼苗生长及生理指标的影响

以‘津优一号’和‘春四’黄瓜为实验材料,采用砂培法研究了Na2CO3胁迫对黄瓜幼苗生长及生理指标的影响。结果显示,随着Na2CO3浓度的增大,两个黄瓜品种的幼苗根冠比逐渐下降,叶绿素含量先上升后下降,可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、SOD活性逐渐上升;‘津优一号’的相对电导率和丙二醛含量随Na2CO3浓度的增大逐渐增加,而‘春四’的相对电导率和丙二醛含量在20 mmol.L-1时最低,此后逐渐上升。主成分分析结果显示,丙二醛含量、SOD活性、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、叶绿素b,这5项指标在评价黄瓜幼苗的Na2CO3耐性方面是比较重要的。结合这5项指标综合分析,发现‘津优一号’较‘春四’有较强的耐碱性。     

水稻依赖抗坏血酸H2O2清除系统在抗铁毒中的作用

根据营养液培养试验从水稻Ａｚｕｃｅｎａ×ＩＲ６４ 发展的一双单倍体（ＤＨ） 群体中筛选出抗铁毒与敏感品系。在铁毒害处理后,各品系的抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（ＡＰ） 、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（ＤＲ） 、谷胱甘肽还原酶（ＧＲ） 的活性均有明显提高;水稻受铁毒后的生物量递减量与ＡＰ、ＤＲ、ＧＲ 活性呈负相关。说明抗坏血酸过氧化物酶Ｈ２Ｏ２ 清除系统在水稻抗铁毒中起着十分重要的作用。