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1.
The structure of the surface membrane/transverse tubular (T-tubular) system and of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of the labial adductor muscle of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) was examined by laser confocal scanning microscopy, after staining with the fluorescent membrane probe DiIC18(3). The following components of the surface membrane/T-tubular system were visualized: transverse tubular networks that are located in the A-band close to the A-I junction and form dyads with the SR, longitudinal tubules that link the T-tubular networks within the between sarcomeres, and surface invaginations of larger diameter that contain tracheoles. The well developed SR forms a dense network of branching and anastomosing tubules in the A-band. A few tubular elements in the interfibrillar space in the I-band link the SR of adjacent sarcomeres. This study demonstrates the advantages of the laser confocal microscope and lipophilic fluorescent dyes for studying the 3-D structure of cellular membrane systems. 相似文献
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Variation in the lipid composition of rabbit muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane with muscle type
The compositions of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membranes from rabbit caudofemoralis, tibialus, and soleus muscles (fast, mixed, and slow twitch, respectively) were analyzed. Compared to caudofemoralis (fast twitch) SR, soleus (slow twitch) SR contained a significantly greater percentage of cholesterol, phosphatidylinositol, and sphingomyelin and a lesser percentage of phosphatidylcholine. Correlations between properties reported for the SR isolated from different muscle types and our analyses of the compositions are discussed. We suggest that the greater cholesterol content and the greater sphingomyelin to phosphatidylcholine ratio present in soleus SR contribute to decreased bilayer fluidity and, hence, decreased Ca2+-ATPase activity. 相似文献
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Comparative studies were carried out on the Ca2+-transport systems of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum from longissimus dorsi muscle of genetically selected malignant hyperthermia-prone and normal pigs in order to identify the biochemical lesion responsible for the enhanced release of Ca2+ in the sarcoplasm occurring in porcine malignant hyperthermia. Mitochondria isolated from longissimus dorsi muscle of malignant hyperthermia-prone pigs contained a significantly (P < 0.001) higher amount of endogenous long-chain fatty acids. Similar amounts of endogenous mitochondrial phospholipase A2 were observed in both types of pigs, but the total activity in malignant hyperthermia-prone pigs was at least twice that of normal. Spermine, a phospholipase A2 inhibitor, lowered the activity in both types of mitochondria to a similar final level. Mitochondria of malignant hyperthermia-prone pigs showed a significantly (P < 0.001) higher oligomycin-insensitive (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase activity, but the Mg2+-ATPase and the (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase activities were similar in both types of pigs. Sarcoplasmic reticulum isolated from longissimus dorsi muscle of malignant hyperthermia-prone pigs showed a significantly higher (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase activity and a lower rate of Ca2+ uptake; the maximal amount and the rate of Ca2+ uptake by sarcoplasmic reticulum of malignant hyperthermia-prone pigs were half that of normal. Mitochondria from longissimus dorsi muscle of malignant hyperthermia-prone pigs inhibited the Ca2+-transport system of the sarcoplasmic reticulum of longissimus dorsi from both normal and malignant hyperthermia-prone pigs, but mitochondria from normal pigs had no influence on the sarcoplasmic reticulum from either type. Experimental evidence favours the concept that long-chain fatty acids released from skeletal muscle mitochondria by endogenous mitochondrial phospholipase A2 are responsible for the enhanced release of Ca2+ from mitochondria (Cheah, K.S. and Cheah, A.M. (1981) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 634, 70–84), and also additional release of Ca2+ from sarcoplasmic reticulum into the sarcoplasm during porcine malignant hyperthermia syndrome. 相似文献
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Salanova M Priori G Barone V Intravaia E Flucher B Ciruela F McIlhinney RA Parys JB Mikoshiba K Sorrentino V 《Cell calcium》2002,32(4):193-200
Striated muscle represents one of the best models for studies on Ca(2+) signalling. However, although much is known on the localisation and molecular interactions of the ryanodine receptors (RyRs), far less is known on the localisation and on the molecular interactions of the inositol trisphosphate receptors (InsP(3)Rs) in striated muscle cells. Recently, members of the Homer protein family have been shown to cluster type 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1) in the plasma membrane and to interact with InsP(3)R in the endoplasmic reticulum of neurons. Thus, these scaffolding proteins are good candidates for organising plasma membrane receptors and intracellular effector proteins in signalosomes involved in intracellular Ca(2+) signalling. Homer proteins are also expressed in skeletal muscle, and the type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1) contains a specific Homer-binding motif. We report here on the relative sub-cellular localisation of InsP(3)Rs and Homer proteins in skeletal muscle cells with respect to the localisation of RyRs. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that both Homer and InsP(3)R proteins present a staining pattern indicative of a localisation at the Z-line, clearly distinct from that of RyR1. Consistent herewith, in sub-cellular fractionation experiments, Homer proteins and InsP(3)R were both found in the fractions enriched in longitudinal sarcoplasmic reticulum (LSR) but not in fractions of terminal cisternae that are enriched in RyRs. Thus, in skeletal muscle, Homer proteins may play a role in the organisation of a second Ca(2+) signalling compartment containing the InsP(3)R, but are apparently not involved in the organisation of RyRs at triads. 相似文献
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New mixed metal complexes SrCu2(O2CR)3(bdmap)3 (R = CF3 (1a), CH3 (1b)) and a new dinuclear bismuth complex Bi2(O2CCH3)4(bdmap)2(H2O) (2) have been synthesized. Their crystal structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Thermal decomposition behaviors of these complexes have been examined by TGA and X-ray powder diffraction analyses. While compound 1a decomposes to SrF2 and CuO at about 380°C, compound 1b decomposes to the corresponding oxides above 800°C. Compound 2 decomposes cleanly to Bi2O3 at 330°C. The magnetism of 1a was examined by the measurement of susceptibility from 5–300 K. Theoretical fitting for the susceptibility data revealed that 1a is an antiferromagnetically coupled system with g = 2.012(7), −2J = 34.0(8) cm−1. Crystal data for 1a: C27H51N6O9F9Cu2Sr/THF, monoclinic space group P21/m, A = 10.708(6), B = 15.20(1), C = 15.404(7) Å, β = 107.94(4)°, V = 2386(2) Å3, Z = 2; for 1b: C27H60N6O9Cu2Sr/THF, orthorhombic space group Pbcn, A = 19.164(9), B = 26.829(8), C = 17.240(9) Å, V = 8864(5) Å3, Z = 8; for 2: C22H48O11N4Bi2, monoclinic space group P21/c, A = 17.614(9), B = 10.741(3), C = 18.910(7) Å, β = 109.99(3)°, V = 3362(2) Å3, Z = 4. 相似文献
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Benjamin G. Harvey 《Inorganica chimica acta》2010,363(1):221-224
Refluxing WCl4(PMe3)3 under a nitrogen atmosphere in the presence of two equivalents of sodium amalgam leads to a reduction to the W(II) complex [cis,mer-WCl2(PMe3)3]2N2 (1), which can be converted to [mer,trans-WCl3(PMe3)2]2N2 (2) via appropriate oxidation/chlorination. Structural data have been obtained for both complexes, and demonstrate significantly increased steric crowding in 1 due to PMe3/PMe3 interactions. The N-N bond distances in the two compounds are similar, at 1.279(4) and 1.243(18) Å, respectively. 相似文献
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Reaction of HSi(OEt)3 with IrCl(CO)(PPh3)2 (5:1 molar ratio) at room temperature for 1 h gives IrCl(H){Si(OEt)3}(CO)(PPh3)2 (1), which is observed by the 1H and 31P{1H} NMR spectra of the reaction mixture. The same reaction, but in 20:1 molar ratio at 50 °C for 24 h produces IrCl(H)2(CO)(PPh3)2 (2) rather than the expected product Ir(H)2{Si(OEt)3}(CO)(PPh3)2 (3) that was previously reported to be formed by this reaction. Accompanying formation of Si(OEt)4, (EtO)3SiOSi(OEt)3, and (EtO)2HSiOSi(OEt)3 is observed. On the other hand, trialkylhydrosilane HSiEt3 reacts with IrCl(CO)(PPh3)2 (10:1 molar ratio) at 80 °C for 84 h to give Ir(H)2(SiEt3)(CO)(PPh3)2 (4) in a high yield, accompanying with a release of ClSiEt3. 相似文献
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The organotin complex [Ph3SnS(CH2)3SSnPh3] (1) was synthesized by PdCl2 catalyzed reaction between Ph3SnCl and disodium-1,3-propanedithiolate which in turn was prepared from 1,2-propanedithiol and sodium in refluxing THF. Reaction of 1 with Ru3(CO)12 in refluxing THF affords the mononuclear complex trans-[Ru(CO)4(SnPh3)2] (2) and the dinuclear complex [Ru2(CO)6(μ-κ2-SCH2CH2CH2S)] (3) in 20 and 11% yields, respectively, formed by cleavage of Sn-S bond of the ligand and Ru-Ru bonds of the cluster. Treatment of pymSSnPPh3 (pymS = pyrimidine-2-thiolate) with Ru3(CO)12 at 55-60 °C also gives 2 in 38% yield. Both 1 and 2 have been characterized by a combination of spectroscopic data and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. 相似文献
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Feliciano DF Bassani RA Oliveira PX Bassani JW 《American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology》2011,301(6):R1838-R1845
The electrophysiological properties of the myogenic cardiac cells of insects have been analyzed, but the mechanisms that regulate the pacemaker activity have not been elucidated yet. In mammalian pacemaker cells, different types of membrane ion channels seem to be sequentially activated, perhaps in a cooperative fashion with the current generated by Ca(2+) extrusion mediated by the electrogenic Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger, which is sustained by the diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) release. The objective of the present work was to investigate the role of the SR function on the basal beating rate (BR), and BR modulation by extracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](o)) and neurotransmitters in the in situ dorsal vessel (heart) of the mealworm beetle Tenebrio molitor. The main observations were as follows: 1) basal BR was reduced by 50% by inhibition of SR function, but not affected by perfusion with CsCl or ZD7288; 2) spontaneous activity was abolished by Cd(2+); 3) a robust positive chronotropic response could be elicited to serotonin (5-HT), but not to norepinephrine or carbamylcholine; 4) SR inhibition abolished the sustained chronotropic stimulation by [Ca(2+)](o) elevation and by 5-HT, while the latter was unaffected by CsCl. It is concluded that, in T. molitor heart, BR is markedly, but not exclusively, dependent on the SR function, and that BR control and modulation by both [Ca(2+)](o) and 5-HT requires a functional SR. 相似文献
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The single crystal X-ray structures of (CuICH3CN4·dibenzo-18-crown-6 (I) and (CuICH3CN) (II) have been determined at room temperature [(I) C28H36Cu4I4N4o6, monoclinic space group P21/n, a = 10.116(4), b = 18.092(8), c = 22.211(9) Å, β = 98.66(3)°, Z = 4; (II) C2H3CuIN, orthorhombic pBN21, a = 13.618(8), b =8.742(2), c = 4.298(2), Z = 4]. (I) exists as a distorted cube with copper and iodine at alternate corners, the fourth coordination site copper occupied by an acetonitrile molecule coordinated through nitrogen. The cluster contains no crystallographic symmetry element and CuCu distances average 2.770(5) Å. The dibenzo-18-crown-6 displays only second sphere type interactions with cluster. (II) displays a pleated double chain type structure with distorted rectangles of alternating Cu and I atoms sharing opposite edges in infinite array. Copper displays tetrahedral geometry by coordination to three iodine atoms and a nitrogen bound acetonitrile molecule. 相似文献
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Erythrosin B (USFD&C RED 3) inhibits calcium transport and atpase activity of muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S J Morris E K Silbergeld R R Brown D H Haynes 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1982,104(4):1306-1311
Erythrosin B (USFD&;C RED 3) inhibits the transport of calcium ions into isolated rabbit muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles with an IC50 of ~ 0.5 μM and inhibits the Ca2+Mg2+ ATPase activity with an IC50 of ~ 1 μM. The dye also binds to this tissue with an apparent Kd of ~ 300 nM. Other iodinated and brominated fluorescein analogs and blue dextran also inhibit ATPase activity and displace bound dye, suggesting that erythrosin may bind to a site near to but not identical with the nucleotide site. The dye should prove to be a useful probe for transport and ATPase activity. 相似文献
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Summary The formation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and the transverse tubular system (T-system) in embryonic chick skeletal muscle cells in vitro was studied by either the critical point drying-physical rupturing or physical rupturing-freeze drying together with rotary shadowing. In these cells, two membranous systems were observed. One was composed of flattened sacs which were either isolated or were connected to each other with slender processes to form mostly longitudinally oriented strands. Initially, these sacs had small granules at their surface and were found mainly under the sarcolemma. Later, they became smooth at their surface, extending throughout the cytoplasm to form irregular and dense networks. At later phases, the networks tended to be disposed at right angle to nascent myofibrils, exhibiting a characteristic honeycomb appearance. From the similarities in thin section images, they were identified as developing SR.The other membranous system were tubules with many enlargements. They were frequently associated with coated vesicles which appeared to take part in the formation, elongation, and anastomosing of developing tubules. These tubules could be impregnated with a tannic acid-glutaraldehyde-potassium ferrocyanide complex and, thus, were identified as T-tubules.Abbreviations CPD
critical-point drying
- ES
exoplasmic surface of the sarcolemma
- FD
freeze-drying
- PR
physical rupture
- PS
protoplasmic surface of the sarcolemma
- SR
sarcoplasmic reticulum
- TAGPF
tannic acid-glutaraldehyde-potassium ferrocyanide
- T-system
transverse tubular system 相似文献
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M.S Papadopoulos P Bouziotis I.C Pirmettis C.P Raptopoulou A Terzis E Chiotellis 《Inorganica chimica acta》1999,290(2):2808-250
A novel five-coordinate rhenium(III)-thiolato complex, Re(SCH2C6H4OCH3-p)3(PPh3)2 has been isolated during the reaction of trans-ReOCl3(PPh3)2 with p-methoxybenzyl mercaptan. In the unexpected structure that was acquired, the central metal has undergone a reduction from Re(V) to Re(III). The five-coordinate Re(III) complex has been characterized by spectroscopic methods, elemental analysis and X-ray crystallography. X-ray crystallographic studies showed the coordination geometry around rhenium to be that of a trigonal bipyramid. The basal plane is defined by three sulfur atoms of the monodentate ligand, while the two apical positions are occupied by two phosphines of the precursor. 相似文献
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P.A. Abramov M.N. Sokolov E.V. Peresypkina N.K. Moroz R. Hernandez-Molina M.C. Arévalo 《Inorganica chimica acta》2011,375(1):314-319
New cluster complex [Mo3SeO3(acac)3(py)3]+ was obtained by ligand substitution in the aqua complex [Mo3SeO3(H2O)9]4+. Crystal structure was determined for [Mo3SeO3(acac)3(py)3]PF6·C6H5CH3. The complex was characterized by 77Se NMR, electrospray mass-spectrometry, and cyclic voltammetry. DFT calculations were used to confirm the assignment of chemical shift and to study Mo-Mo bonding in the cluster core. 相似文献
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Domonique O. Downing 《Inorganica chimica acta》2011,375(1):329-332
The rhodium dimer [Rh2H(PPh2)2(PPh3)3]− was prepared from RhCl(PPh3)3 and K4Sn9 in the presence of 2,2,2-cryptand in ethylenediamine/toluene solvent mixtures. The [K(2,2,2-crypt)]+ salt was isolated and characterized via NMR and X-ray diffraction studies. The solid state structure reveals a binuclear, diphenylphosphido-bridged, 32 electron Rh(I)-Rh(I) complex with edge-shared tetrahedral and square planar Rh centers with overall Cs point symmetry. 1-D and 2-D 1H, 31P, and 31P{1H} NMR experiments were used to characterize the complex. 相似文献