白介素6与肿瘤相关性的研究进展

白介紊-6(interleukin 6,IL-6)是一种由多种细胞产生的多功能细胞因子,在免疫应答、急性期反应、造血调节中起重要作用.最近研究发现IL-6与肿瘤的发生发展、预后及治疗密切相关.本文主要介绍IL-6的结构、生物学功能、及其与肿瘤的关系.探讨其在肿瘤发生发展中的作用机制及在肿瘤的早期诊断,预后和治疗方面的应用前景.     

血清白介素-6和白介素-10浓度的变化与冠心病

目的探讨白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-10(IL-10)在冠心病心绞痛患者血中的变化规律。方法检测25例不稳定型心绞痛、23例稳定型心绞痛患者及22例正常对照者组血中IL6、IL-10浓度并进行比较。结果不稳定型心绞痛组、稳定型心绞痛组及正常对照组血中IL-6分别为(298.6±52.4)、(143.2±46.9)、(75.1±32.7)pg/m l;不稳定型心绞痛组分别高于稳定型心绞痛组及正常对照组,差异均有非常显著性(均为P<0.001)。不稳定型心绞痛组、稳定型心绞痛组及正常对照组血IL-10分别为(173.7±30.9)、(80.4±15.6)、(38.2±7.5)pg/m l,不稳定型心绞痛组分别高于稳定型心绞痛组及正常对照组(P<0.01)。结论冠心病患者血清IL-6、IL-10的浓度升高。     

14-3-3蛋白研究进展

14-3-3蛋白是高度保守的、所有真核生物细胞中都普遍存在的、在大多数生物物种中由一个基因家族编码的一类蛋白调控家族。它几乎参与生命体所有的生理反应过程,人们在各种组织细胞中发现了各种不同的14-3-3蛋白。作为与磷酸丝氨酸／苏氨酸结合的第一信号分子,14-3-3蛋白在细胞的信号转导中起着至关重要的作用,尤其是它直接参与调节蛋白激酶和蛋白磷酸化酶的活性,被称为蛋白质与蛋白质相互作用的”桥梁蛋白”;它可以与转录因子结合形成复合体,调节相关基因的表达。一些研究表明,14-3-3蛋白调控机制的紊乱可以直接导致疾病的发生,在临床上14-3-3蛋白常常可以作为诊断的标志物。     

白介素-33与炎症

白介素-33（interleukin-33,IL-33）是最近发现的一种前炎症细胞因子,它结合IL-1受体家族成员ST2,活化NF-κB和MAPK信号通路,促进Th2细胞因子的产生,参与多种炎症与免疫反应过程。本文就IL-33的分子结构、编码蛋白、产生及调节、受体信号与生物学活性等作综述。     

白介素-18与新生血管性眼病

新生血管形成引起的眼病是眼科常见病和疑难病,常导致视功能严重障碍,由于对其发病机制研究有限,长期以来临床处理非常棘手,预后颇差.随着基础医学科学的发展,对眼内新生血管的形成有了重大发现,特别对某些促新生血管因子的研究,随之对抑制新生血管形成的研究也有了一些发展.目前,认为抑制新生血管生长是治疗这类疾病的关键,并且已有多种疗法问世.研究发现,白介素-18对新生血管有较强的抑制作用.本文从白介素-18的结构、功能、抑制新生血管的机制及其与眼部新生血管性疾病的关系等方面做一综述.     

携带白介素-18基因的人脐带间充质干细胞的构建及其意义

目的：构建携带白介素-18（IL-18）基因人脐带间充质干细胞（hUMSCs）,为肿瘤靶向性基因治疗研究提供一种工具。方法：体外分离培养hUMSCs,流式细胞仪（FACS）检测hUMSCs 的细胞免疫表型。应用基因重组技术将表达IL-18 基因的慢病毒转染至hUMSCs,利用RT-PCR 及Western blot 法检测IL-18 的蛋白mRNA表达水平。结果：成功在体外分离和培养了hUMSCs,流式细胞仪检测结果显示hUMSCs 表达CD29、CD44 和CD105,而不表达CD34 和CD45, 符合hUMSCs 的表型。成功构建携带IL-18 基因的hUMSCs,RT-PCR 及Western blot法检测结果提示IL-18基因转染至hUMSCs并能稳定表达。结论：构建携带IL-18基因的hUMSCs并稳定表达IL-18,为肿瘤靶向性基因治疗实验性研究提供了一种新实验工具。     

白介素-38的生物学特性及其在炎症与免疫性疾病中的作用

白介素-38(interleukin-38, IL-38)是IL-1家族的一个新成员。IL-38的受体为白介素-36受体(IL-36receptor, IL-36R)[也称为IL-1受体相关蛋白2(IL-1 receptor-related protein 2, IL-1Rrp2)]或单免疫球蛋白IL-1相关受体(single immunoglobulin IL-1-related receptor, SIGIRR)或三免疫球蛋白结构域IL-1相关受体(three immunoglobulin domain containing IL-1-related receptor, TIGIRR)。IL-38的生物学功能与IL-36受体拮抗剂(IL-36 receptor antagonist, IL-36Ra)相似,能阻断IL-36R信号的激活。IL-38主要通过抑制Th17细胞和Th1细胞分泌的促炎细胞因子发挥抗炎作用,从而抑制机体的炎症反应。IL-38在皮肤、脾脏、扁桃体、胸腺、心脏、大脑、胎盘和胎肝等中表达,IL-38与包括自身免疫、炎症、代谢、心血管及肿瘤等在内的多种免疫性疾病有关。...     

植物14-3-3蛋白研究进展

14-3-3蛋白是真核生物中许多信号传导级联反应的主要调节分子,易于与具有磷酸化的丝氨酸和苏氨酸残基的靶蛋白互作进而调节碳氮代谢、三羧酸循环、莽草酸合成等多种生理过程中的多种酶活性。该文根据近年来国内外对14-3-3蛋白的研究进展,对植物中14-3-3蛋白的发现、基因鉴定、结构和功能以及14-3-3蛋白与其靶蛋白的互作机制进行综述,并对14-3-3蛋白的研究提出了进一步的展望。     

白介素-17在恶性肿瘤发生发展过程中作用及其机制的研究进展

白介素-17(interleukin-17,IL-17)是一种主要由T辅助细胞17分泌的促炎细胞因子。近年来的研究发现IL-17的异常表达与多种恶性肿瘤的发生发展有密切关系。NF-κB、Akt及JAK2/STAT3等信号分子参与IL-17介导的信号通路。本文对IL-17在恶性肿瘤进程中的作用及相关机制进行综述。     

白介素-6在多发性骨髓瘤中的作用及靶向治疗研究进展

多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)是浆细胞克隆性增殖和异常积聚的一种恶性疾病。白介素-6(IL-6)是MM最关键的生长因子,能参与细胞内信号转导,促进细胞生长增殖,其基因异常表达或分泌往往引起MM的发生。IL-6在MM中的作用居多,如参与信号转导、免疫反应以及增殖、生存、耐药性等。目前依据IL-6在MM发生发展中的作用,针对IL-6在MM的靶向治疗已成为MM治疗的趋势。靶向治疗主要在信号通路、骨髓微环境、免疫反应以及遗传表观学等方面展开研究,并在临床应用上发挥关键性作用。     

干细胞3D支架的研究进展

干细胞是一类具有无限增殖潜能,可自我更新的细胞,不同的培养或诱导条件下能够分化成为不同的细胞类型。目前,随着医学治疗手段及干细胞研究的不断发展,发现干细胞可应用于很多疾病的治疗,干细胞临床应用日益广泛,逐渐成为科研工作者研究的热点。然而干细胞移植进入生物体后繁殖效率很低,无法达到需求的量,因此如何对干细胞在生物体外进行大量培养扩增、在生物体内如何更稳定地增殖分化成为迫切需要解决的难题。当前干细胞最主要的培养方法仍是2D培养,2D培养无法模拟体内的3D微环境,繁殖效率较低,正是由于2D培养局限性太多,促使国内外学者对3D培养技术和3D支架材料进行深入探索,并取得了大量成果。对3D培养技术在干细胞中的发展与应用进行概述和展望。     

LAG-3分子的研究进展

淋巴细胞活化基因-3(lymphocyte activation gene-3,LAG-3,CD223)是免疫球蛋白超家族的成员之一,是对淋巴细胞具有抑制作用的分子。LAG-3定位于人12号染色体,与CD4具有密切关系。研究发现猪LAG-3分子的结构和表达模式在哺乳动物物种中是共有的,并且可溶性的猪LAG-3对控制人-猪异种T细胞免疫反应有作用。LAG-3分子主要表达于活化的NK细胞、T淋巴细胞表面,与HLA-II高亲和力结合。Tr细胞是具有调节调节功能的T细胞亚群,发现Tr细胞表面标志CD49b和LAG-3可在人和小鼠Tr1细胞表面表达。CD49b和LAG-3的发现,使得在体内对Tr细胞进行跟踪具有可行性,纯化Tr1细胞作为一种细胞治疗方法具有可行性。LAG-3通过对胰腺中抗原特异性T细胞增殖的选择性抑制,可以使用LAG-3作为1型糖尿病病情进展的一种新的替代标记,检测LAG-3分子可能成为T细胞定向免疫治疗效果评估的一种方法。肿瘤浸润的CD8+T细胞表面LAG-3表达上调,LAG-3的抑制作用在HCC的细胞免疫应答中发挥着重要的作用,可见阻断LAG-3分子的表达有可能成为治疗肿瘤的新方法。慢性病毒感染性疾病时常常发生T细胞衰竭,T细胞通过LAG-3分子的限制作用和MHCⅡ类信号分子的表达其抑制功能,这有利于慢性病毒感染性疾病的治疗。疟原虫感染增加了抑制性受体LAG-3的表达,疟原虫感染引起的特异性T细胞功能衰竭可通过抑制性疗法来治疗。LAG-3的表达可能有利于黑色素瘤的增殖,阻断LAG-3-MHCⅡ类分子相互作用的化合物可用于黑色素瘤的治疗。此外,使用LAG-3毒性抗体选择性的靶向激活T细胞可阻碍T细胞参与的迟发型超敏反应。     

Discovery of a novel selective water-soluble SMAD3 inhibitor as an antitumor agent

Targeting the SMAD3 protein is an attractive therapeutic strategy for treating cancer, as it avoids the potential toxicities due to targeting the TGF-β signaling pathway upstream. Compound SIS3 was the first selective SMAD3 inhibitor developed that had acceptable activity, but its poor water solubility limited its development. Here, a series of SIS3 analogs was created to investigate the structure–activity relationship for inhibiting the activation of SMAD3. On the basis of this SAR, further optimization generated a water-soluble compound, 16d, which was capable of effectively blocking SMAD3 activation in vitro and had similar NK cell-mediated anticancer effects in vivo to its parent SIS3. This study not only provided a preferable lead compound, 16d, for further drug discovery or a potential tool to study SMAD3 biology, but also proved the effectiveness of our strategy for water-solubility driven optimization.     

The involvement of Gab1 and PI 3-kinase in beta1 integrin signaling in keratinocytes

The control of the stem cell compartment in epidermis is closely linked to the regulation of keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Beta1 integrins are expressed 2-fold higher by stem cells than transit-amplifying cells. Signaling from these beta1 integrins is critical for the regulation of the epidermal stem cell compartment. To clarify the functional relevance of this differential expression of beta1 integrins, we established HaCaT cells with high beta1 integrin expression by repeated flow cytometric sorting of this population from the parental cell line. In these obtained cells expressing beta1 integrins by 5-fold, MAPK activation was markedly increased. Regarding the upstream of MAPK, Gab1 phosphorylation was also higher with high beta1 integrin expression, while Shc phosphorylation was not altered. In addition, enhanced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation was also observed. These observations suggest that Gab1 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase play pivotal roles in the beta1 integrin-mediated regulation of the epidermal stem cell compartment.     

Synergistic Therapeutic Effect of Cisplatin and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K) Inhibitors in Cancer Growth and Metastasis of Brca1 Mutant Tumors

Drug resistance and cancer metastasis are two major problems in cancer research. During a course of therapeutic treatment in Brca1-associated tumors, we found that breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) exhibit an intrinsic ability to metastasize and acquire drug resistance through distinct signaling pathways. Microarray analysis indicated that the cytoskeletal remodeling pathway was differentially regulated in CSCs, and this was further evidenced by the inhibitory role of reagents that impair this pathway in the motility of cancer cells. We showed that cisplatin treatment, although initially inhibiting cancer growth, preventing metastasis through blocking cytoskeletal remodeling, and retarding CSC motility, eventually led to drug resistance associated with a marked increase in the number of CSCs. This event was at least partially attributed to the activation of PI3K signaling, and it could be significantly inhibited by co-treatment with rapamycin. These results provide strong evidence that cytoskeletal rearrangement and PI3K/AKT signaling play distinct roles in mediating CSC mobility and viability, respectively, and blocking both pathways synergistically may inhibit primary and metastatic cancer growth.     

人MCP cDNA在NIH3T3细胞中表达及功能研究

通过构建表达人膜辅因子蛋白ＭＣＰ编码区全长ｃＤＮＡ的重级载体ｐｃＤＮＡ３ＭＣＰ,以磷酸钙沉淀法转染ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３细胞,用Ｇ４１８筛选阳性克隆,并鉴定ＭＣＰ ｃＤＮＡ在细胞中的表达。将血清梯度稀释并与细胞孵育,然后检测细胞活力：灭活的人血清不能引起对照细胞与ＭＣＰ转染细胞的胞毒作用,而新鲜人血清可使对照细胞发生补体依赖的细胞毒反应,ＭＣＰ转染细胞由于ＭＣＰ蛋白的合成,细胞受到保护不发生该反应。另外,Ｍ     

The role of multipotential stem cells in human infantile hemangioma

Hemangioma is the most common benign vascular tumor in infants and children with unknown etiology and pathogenesis. It is characterized by rapid proliferation followed by a slow involution phase. Histological analyses of infantile hemangioma (IH) in the early proliferating phase have generated a number of developmental theories suggesting an embryonic or primitive cell origin. We here hypothesize the IH may originate from multipotential stem cells. Further investigations of these hemangioma-initiating cells may improve our understanding of their function and possibly lead to novel therapeutic modalities for hemangiomas.     

心肌再生途径的研究进展

心急梗塞等心脏疾病可造成心肌的损伤。相继会发生心室扩张、癍痕、心脏功能紊乱。目前时心脏疾病的治疗主要通过药物和器官移植,因药物治标不治本和移植器官匮乏限制了治疗的效果,严重影响病人的身体健康。最近研究发现,相关细胞因子或基因、干细胞移植可使损伤区心肌细胞和血管再生及诱导内源性干细胞转移,从而修复损伤心肌并恢复心脏功能。以上研究成果及其临床的应用将成为损伤性心肌有效的治疗途径。本文着重阐明了相关细胞因子、基因和干细胞移植时心肌再生作用机制的研究现状。     

Selenium supplementation decreases CRP and IL-6 and increases TNF-alpha: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Inflammation is an initiating cause of infectious and non-infectious diseases. Studies have shown that selenium (Se) has anti-inflammatory effects. However, its’ effects on serum c-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plasma concentrations are equivocal. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), evaluating the effects of per oral (PO) and intravenous (IV) Se supplementation on CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6. A systematic search was conducted using four databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Scopus to find randomized clinical trials, published up to April 2023. From 19476 papers, after screening and removing duplicate articles, 24 studies were analyzed in the present meta-analysis. In the pooled analysis, PO Se administration showed no significant effect on CRP (WMD: 0.12; 95 % CI −0.11, 0.38; P-value= 0.30). However, IV Se supplementation had a significant negative association with CRP concentration (−2.24; 95 % CI: −4.24, −0.24; p-value: 0.02). Se administration had no significant association with TNF-α plasma concentration (9.64, 95 % CI: −0.59, 19.88, p-value= 0.06; and heterogeneity: 98 %). However, a significant positive association was present between Se and plasma TNF-α concentrations (0.15, 95 % CI: 0.14, 0.17, P-value<0.0001). Moreover, Se supplementation had a significant negative correlation with IL-6 plasma concentration in PO (−0.54; 95 % CI: −1.61, 0.52; P-value = 0.31) and IV administrations (−4.77; 95 % CI: −7.61, −1.93; P-value<0.0001), respectively. This study demonstrated that IV Se administration reduced CRP and IL-6 plasma concentrations. Conversely, IV Se supplementation increased TNF-α plasma concentration. It is evident that further, well-controlled clinical trials are required.