共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
R. Hamers 《Zeitschrift fur angewandte Ichthyologie》1995,11(1-2):86-93
The cytochemistry and staining of granula in peripheral blood granulocytes in healthy carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.) are described. Blood smears were stained for periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), peroxidase, oxidase, alkaline and acid phosphatase, α-naphthyl-acetate esterase, α-naphthyl-butyrate esterase, naphthol-AS-chloroacetate esterase (AS-D), naphthol-AS-acetate esterase and β-glucuronidase. Different granula types were shown by triazid-staining (eosinophil and neutrophil granula) and methylenblue-staining for basophil granulation. Toluidinblue-staining was used for basophil granulocytes. Lipids were shown by the Sudan-black-reaction. Four granulocyte subpopulations are described: neutrophil, heterophil, basophil and eosinophil granulocytes. Neutrophils possess all tested granula types, whereas heterophil and basophil granulocytes show only basophil granula. Neutrophils and heterophils show no activity of the tested esterases with the exception of AS-D. Only neutrophils were peroxidase-positive. Alkaline phosphatase and β-glucuronidase were not detected in granulocytes. Basophils and especially eosinophils were rarely found in peripheral blood. 相似文献
2.
H L Kreutzmann 《Folia haematologica (Leipzig, Germany : 1928)》1978,105(2):239-247
By the aid of histological special stainings, cytochemical proofs, phase contrast and electron microscopical methods the thrombocytes (spindle cells) of the European ell (Anguilla anguilla) and their stages of development were described as an independent series of cells. After an artificial blood loss thrombocytoblasts, prothrombocytes and mature thrombocytes could distinctly be demonstrates. Besides the kidney the spleen was found to be the main place of the thrombopoiesis. Phase contrast investigations provided evidence for the relatively strong locomotion of these cells. By means of cytochemical proofs a further differentiation of the thrombocytes from other white blood cells can be made. Electron microscopical investigations of the thrombocytes yielded a great similarity to the thrombocytes of the amphibians. The endoplasmatic ring and particular inclusions could be shown to be characteritstic features of the fine structure. 相似文献
3.
H L Kreutzmann 《Folia haematologica (Leipzig, Germany : 1928)》1976,103(2):226-235
By means of heart tapping we produced a larger loss of blood in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla. This resulted in enriching the peripheric blood with erythroblasts and proerythrocytes. By panoptic staining erythroblasts, proerythrocytes and mature erythrocytes could be prepared and described. By the aid of supravital staining it was possible to detect mitochondria and Substantia granulofilamentosa in all stages of development. Phase contrast observations proved that the erythrocytes of Anguilla anguilla do not possess any locomotion ability. Cytochemical investigations showed that the erythrocytes weakly or very weakly react to acid phosphatases, lipids and ribonucleic acids and positively to unspecific esterases. The artificially produced loss of blood and the following continuous extraction of blood gave indications of how rapidly the erythrocytes form and how much time their maturing takes. 48 hours after tapping erythroblasts appeared in large amounts. The number of proerythrocytes increased 24 hours later. The transformation of proerythrocytes into mature erythrocytes does not take more than 48 hours. The loss of erythrocytes caused by heart tapping is already compensated six days later by new growth. During this investigation division processes in erythrocytes were observed. These are endomitotic or amitotic division or mitotic ones which are very rarely observed. 相似文献
4.
The morphological features of the leucocytes from the blood of the river lamprey, Lampetra fluvimilis , were studied using light and electron microscopy. Four cell types were identified, namely granulocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes and thrombocytes. Enzyme cytochemical tests were also performed for the detection of acid phosphatase, β-glucuronidase and peroxidase. All the leucocyte types were positive for acid phosphatase and β-glucuronidase, to a variable extent, with the greatest activity seen in the granulocytes. None of the leucocyte types however, contained any peroxidase activity.
Only one type of granulocyte was found and this appears to be analogous to the mammalian neutrophil/heterophil. Characteristically, it has a cytoplasm containing a large number of morphologically heterogeneous granules (0.07–0.40 um in diameter). It is suggested that these granules, rather than belonging to several subpopulations, are in fact part of a single maturation series.
The results of this study show that precise identification of lamprey leucocytes can only be achieved using a combination of ultrastructural and cytochemical techniques. 相似文献
Only one type of granulocyte was found and this appears to be analogous to the mammalian neutrophil/heterophil. Characteristically, it has a cytoplasm containing a large number of morphologically heterogeneous granules (0.07–0.40 um in diameter). It is suggested that these granules, rather than belonging to several subpopulations, are in fact part of a single maturation series.
The results of this study show that precise identification of lamprey leucocytes can only be achieved using a combination of ultrastructural and cytochemical techniques. 相似文献
5.
Dong-Hua Yang Shinichiro Tsuyama J. Ohmori F. Murata 《Histochemistry and cell biology》1998,109(3):189-194
Bone marrow embedding in the hydrophilic resin, Lowicryl K4M, followed by cationic colloidal gold (CCG, pH 1.0) staining
was used to study the sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and their sites of sulfation ultrastructurally in various maturational
stages of both basophil granulocytes and basophil granules in the guinea pig. CCG at pH 1.0 is specific for sulfated GAG staining.
Basophil granulocytes and granules reacted positively to CCG with a variety of staining according to the stage of maturation.
The formation of basophil granules takes place throughout the myelocyte stage. Early basophil myelocytes contain a large Golgi
apparatus with active granulogenesis, while late myelocytes contain a small and less active Golgi apparatus as judged by CCG
staining. All the immature granules and some of the granules with characteristic ultrastructure stained positively. However,
some of the mature granules had lost their affinity for CCG upon maturation. Interestingly, strongly positive CCG staining
was also observed in the trans to transmost Golgi apparatus. This indicates that sulfation of GAGs occurs in the trans to transmost Golgi apparatus in all maturational stages of basophil granulocytes. Treatment with chondroitinase ABC or heparinase
I abolished the majority of CCG staining.
Accepted: 17 July 1997 相似文献
6.
The authors report on their investigations of the differentiation between neutrophilic and eosinophilic granulocytes of the peripheral blood in healthy rabbits. By varying the pH-value and the incubation time it is possible to achieve a reliable differentiation between neutrophilic and eosinophilic granulocytes of the rabbit by means of 6 different cytochemical methods which could only be made incompletely with the routine methods used up till now (Eosin-, Giemsa-, Wright's-colouring etc.). Moreover, monocytes and lymphocytes can also be identified reliably. 相似文献
7.
The fine structure and differential cell count of blood and coelomic exudate leukocytes were studied with the aim to identify granulocytes from Ameiva ameiva, a lizard distributed in the tropical regions of the Americas. Blood leukocytes were separated with a Percoll cushion and coelomic exudate cells were obtained 24 h after intracoelomic thioglycollate injection. In the blood, erythrocytes, monocytes, thrombocytes, lymphocytes, plasma cells and four types of granulocytes were identified based on their morphology and cytochemistry. Types I and III granulocytes had round intracytoplasmic granules with the same basic morphology; however, type III granulocyte had a bilobued nucleus and higher amounts of heterochromatin suggesting an advance stage of maturation. Type II granulocytes had fusiformic granules and more mitochondria. Type IV granulocytes were classified as the basophil mammalian counterpart based on their morphology and relative number. Macrophages and granulocytes type III were found in the normal coelomic cavity. However, after the thioglycollate injection the number of type III granulocyte increased. Granulocytes found in the coelomic cavity were related to type III blood granulocyte based on the morphology and cytochemical localization of alkaline phosphatase and basic proteins in their intracytoplasmic granules. Differential blood leukocyte counts showed a predominance of type III granulocyte followed by lymphocyte, type I granulocyte, type II granulocyte, monocyte and type IV granulocyte. Taken together, these results indicate that types I and III granulocytes correspond to the mammalian neutrophils/heterophils and type II to the eosinophil granulocytes. 相似文献
8.
Summary The development of the heterophil granulocyte in the bone marrow of the rat is described, and an electron-microscopical analysis of the changes in the cytoplasm as well as in the granule population in several stages of maturation is reported. Three types of granule originate in consecutive stages of heterophil maturation. Granules with an internal fine structure (nucleated granules) are the first to be formed, i.e., in early promyelocytes; azurophil granules are formed in late promyelocytes; and specific granules appear in myelocytes. Quantitative analysis showed that the granule population in mature cells, i.e., about 160 granules per electron micrograph, is composed of roughly 14% nucleated granules, 10% azurophil granules, and 76% specific granules. Three cell stages were observed in mitosis: the early promyelocyte, the late promyelocyte, and the myelocyte. Granule counts in non-dividing cells confirmed the occurrence of mitosis in the late promyelocyte and myelocyte. 相似文献
9.
Summary Rabbit bone marrow cells have been studied by means of light-and electron-microscopic radioautography and X-ray microanalysis. Carrier free sulfuric acid was used as the radioactive precursor in this experiment. Immature granulocytes showed more active incorporation than mature ones. Silver grains were observed in the Golgi apparatus and granules in three kinds of granulocytes. Electron-microscopically, immature granules showed the incorporation of inorganic sulfate, while mature ones did not. Sulfur was detected in all kinds of granules of the three granulocyte types by X-ray microanalysis. It is concluded that incorporated inorganic sulfur may be utilized for the synthesis of acid glycosaminoglycans and the sulfur detected by X-ray microanalysis may be that contained in the acid glycosaminoglycan. The sulfur detected in the specific granules of the heterophil probably derives from proteins or polypeptides incorporating sulfur containing amino acids. 相似文献
10.
11.
Rabbit bone marrow cells have been studied by means of light- and electron-microscopic radioautography and X-ray microanalysis. Carrier free sulfuric acid was used as the radioactive precursor in this experiment. Immature granulocytes showed more active incorporation than mature ones. Silver grains were observed in the Golgi apparatus and granules in three kinds of granulocytes. Electron-microscopically, immature granules showed the incorporation of inorganic sulfate, while mature ones did not. Sulfur was detected in all kinds of granules of the three granulocyte types by X-ray microanalysis. It is concluded that incorporated inorganic sulfur may be utilized for the synthesis of acid glycosaminoglycans and the sulfur detected by X-ray microanalysis may be that contained in the acid glycosaminoglycan. The sulfur detected in the specific granules of the heterophil probably derives from proteins or polypeptides incorporating sulfur containing amino acids. 相似文献
12.
Summary The differentiation and maturation of monocytes and neutrophil granulocytes were studied in bone marrow of normal mice by electron microscopy and cytochemical assessment of peroxidatic activity. The granule populations of the mature cells of bone marrow were identified and investigated to obtain a basis for the analysis of the earlier stages of maturation. Mature monocytes and neutrophils showed primary and secondary granules, and mature neutrophils had more of both kinds. The size, shape, and number of primary granules proved to offer the most reliable criteria for distinguishing promonocytes and promyelocytes. The primary granules of monocytes were smaller than those of mature neutrophils and were either spherical (smallest diameter 50–200 nm) or elongate (100×400 nm). Both granules had a homogeneous matrix. The granules of the granulocytes were either spherical (smallest diameter 200–300 nm) or elongate (150–200×300–500 nm), and some of them had a crystalline inclusion. 相似文献
13.
Charles R. Knapp Caro Perez‐Heydrich Trevor T. Zachariah Jill Jollay Amy N. Schnelle Sandra D. Buckner Christine R. Lattin L. Michael Romero 《Ecology and evolution》2019,9(4):1946-1956
Investigations focusing on host–ectoparasite interactions in animals have revealed asymptomatic to severe health and fitness consequences suggesting that species mobilize different interspecific response mechanisms. Fewer studies, however, have examined intraspecific responses to ectoparasitic burdens. In this study, we analyzed host health and fitness responses to increasing ectoparasite burdens along with the presence/absence of hemoparasites of free‐ranging insular rock iguanas (Cyclura cychlura) in The Bahamas. Using hematology, plasma biochemistry, as well as body condition and growth rate comparisons, we failed to find significant associations of tick burdens with annual growth rate, corticosterone, packed cell volume, total white blood cell, and heterophil, monocyte, eosinophil or hemoglobin measures. We did, however, find mixed and significant associations of tick burdens with lymphocyte and basophil counts, heterophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratios, and body condition indices. These associations varied by sex, size, and hemoparasite infection status suggesting that different life stages of iguanas may invest differently in immune responses, and impacts may be modulated based on size and sex of hosts, and coinfection status. 相似文献
14.
Developmental stages of the two circulating blood granulocytes, the heterophil and the periodic acid-Schiff-positive granular leukocyte (PAS-GL) are described. There are no metachromatic basophils in this fish and eosinophils, when present, are confined to extra-vascular tissues. Fish were killed up to 24 h after injection with histamine liberator 48/80. Morphological (L/M and E/M) and histochemical studies of blood, haemopoietic tissue and gills from experimental fish were compared with those of untreated control fish.
Blood cells other than PAS-GL and heterophils were generally unaffected by 48/80. Most PAS-GL and heterophils showed alterations in granules and other cytoplasmic features. Stretching and splitting of the PAS-GL nucleus occurred. Very little, if any, histamine was detectable in PAS-GL and heterophils.
The authors support the postulate that during evolution PAS-GL become basophils/ mast cells through two major stages, (1) sulphation of the granule polysaccharide to give heparin resulting in metachromasia of the granules and (2) storage of large quantities of histamine in the granules. 相似文献
Blood cells other than PAS-GL and heterophils were generally unaffected by 48/80. Most PAS-GL and heterophils showed alterations in granules and other cytoplasmic features. Stretching and splitting of the PAS-GL nucleus occurred. Very little, if any, histamine was detectable in PAS-GL and heterophils.
The authors support the postulate that during evolution PAS-GL become basophils/ mast cells through two major stages, (1) sulphation of the granule polysaccharide to give heparin resulting in metachromasia of the granules and (2) storage of large quantities of histamine in the granules. 相似文献
15.
Peripheral blood specimens from rabbits injected parenterally with physiological saline, adenine sulfate and guanine sulfate were examined for white blood cell count changes. A significant leukocytosis occurred within forty-eight hours only after adenine sulfate administration. A differential analysis revealed the increase was in the heterophil (pseudoeosinophil, amphophil) population. A mild lymphopenia was noted. There were no clear cut trends in the eosinophil, basophil and monocyte populations. No leukocyte morphological changes were found on peripheral blood smears. 相似文献
16.
N A Panchenko L I Nosova I S Filimonov I I Garbuzov A I Vlasenko E I Loboda 《T?Sitologii?a i genetika》1992,26(2):21-24
The bone marrow eosinophils of rats subjected to irradiation are capable of secreting a peroxidase system obtained by neutrophils and endotheliocytes. As a result, there appear heterophil granulocytes in the peripheral blood. 相似文献
17.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RNA SYNTHESIS AND HEMOGLOBIN SYNTHESIS IN AMPHIBIAN ERYTHROPOIESIS : Cytochemical Evidence
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A cytochemical study of the relationship between RNA synthesis and hemoglobin synthesis has been performed on splenectomized newts, Triturus viridescens. Employing radioautography, labeled cytidine was incorporated into the RNA of the early developmental stages but was not incorporated in the later stages. Labeled leucine was incorporated into the cellular protein of all stages except mature erythrocytes but was incorporated at a higher level in the later stages. Microphotometric measurements of azure B binding to cytoplasmic RNA revealed a sharp initial increase between the stem cell and proerythroblast followed by a rapid decrease between the basophilic and polychromatophilic stages. The loss of cytoplasmic RNA became more gradual in the late stages and, in the mature erythrocyte, little or no cytoplasmic RNA could be detected. Measurements of cytoplasmic total protein, using fast green staining at pH 2.0, and of heme showed that both curves increased similarly with development, indicating net hemoglobin synthesis. The results are compatible with the hypothesis that, as the stem cell differentiates along erythrocytic lines, a stable "messenger" RNA specifying the production of a given type or types of hemoglobin is formed. This complex probably becomes associated with ribosomal RNA and is retained throughout the process of RBC differentiation. 相似文献
18.
We examined gazelle peripheral blood leucocytes using the α-Naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) staining technique (pH 5.8). Our purpose was to determine the percentage of ANAE positive lymphocytes. The proportion of ANAE positive T-lymphocytes was 72%. T-lymphocytes showed an ANAE positive reaction, but eosinophilic granulocytes and monocytes also showed a positive reaction. By contrast, no reaction was detected in B-lymphocytes, neutrophil granulocytes or platelets. The reaction observed in T-lymphocytes was a red-brown coloration, usually 1–2 granules, but enough granules to fill the cytoplasm were detected rarely. As a result of ANAE enzyme staining, we concluded that the staining technique can be used as a cytochemical marker for gazelle T-lymphocytes. 相似文献
19.
The cytochemical characterization of head-kidney and peripheral blood leucocytes of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) was studied by light and electron microscopy. Neutrophilic granulocytes show some cytoplasmic granules, which are positive for alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase but acid phosphatase negative. The scarce granules found in the cytoplasm of the circulating neutrophils and their cytochemical features seem to be indicative of an immature stage. Acidophils are also alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase positive at pH 11.0. They are strongly positive for acid phosphatase and acid phosphatase activity may thus be considered a cytochemical marker to characterize and differentiate neutrophilic from acidophilic granulocytes in this fish species. Three granule populations are characterized in the cytoplasm of the gilthead seabream acidophils: the first is positive only for peroxidase and the second contains a dense core with acid and alkaline phosphatase activities, surrounded by a thin peroxidase positive electron-dense halo. The third granule type contains an eccentric core, which is strongly positive for acid and alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase. As regards their cytochemical features, the first and second granule types seem to correspond respectively to the azurophilic and specific granules found in acidophils of mammals and could be involved in phagocytic processes, thus playing an important microbicidal role in this species. The monocytes, monocyte-macrophages and macrophages show different cytochemical features. The first have scarce acid phosphatase-positive lysosomes, while blood monocyte-macrophages and macrophages are positive for acid and alkaline phosphatases and for peroxidase; the monocyte-macrophages show scarce lysosomes. 相似文献
20.
Heterophilic granulocytes were studied in the blood, intestinal wall, and islet parenchyma of the Atlantic hagfish (Myxine glutinosa) by light and electron microscopical methods. The granulocytes are pseudoeosinophils and show a PAS-positive cytoplasmic reaction. Ultrastructurally, the cells contain evenly distributed pleomorphic cytoplasmic granules with the granule membrane close to the osmiophilic core. Emigrated blood granulocytes are found extra-vascularly in the submucous connective tissue, and obviously they can pass the basal lamina and migrate into the epithelium of the intestine, bile duct, and islet parenchyma. Though the staining characteristics of hagfish granulocytes are different from those of endocrine cells in the intestinal mucosa and islet parenchyma, intraepithelial granulocytes in some locations may sometimes be difficult to distinguish ultrastructurally from insulin-containing B-cells, since heterophil granules have both a size and a shape close to those of secretion granules in B-cells. However, in contrast to B-cells the granulocytes show the following ultrastructural features: a lobated nucleus with peripherally arranged electron-dense chromatin; cytoplasmic processes and often rod-like granules with no clear space between the granule membrane and core; prominent cytoplasmic vacuoles and microtubules; and sparse mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, immigrated granulocytes lack desmosomes and annulate lamellae. Some of the intraepithelial granulocytes in the mucosa show signs of disintegration and cell death. Degenerative cell processes are also described in the islet parenchyma. 相似文献