秦巴山区山莓资源及其研究

山莓(Rubus corchorifolius L. f.)是蔷薇科悬钩子属、空心莓亚属中一种落叶小灌木,广泛分布于我国南北各地。悬钩子属植物在欧美各国栽培已久,并已选育出许多栽培类型进行推广;在我国除东北哈尔滨一带有零星栽植以外其他地区仍以野生为主,系统的研究和开发利用尚未进行,资源流失、破坏的现象仍十分严重。秦巴山区是我国悬钩子属植物的集中分布区之一,从甘肃文县到湖北郧西、竹溪都有山     

悬钩子属基因库的建立与维护

江苏省中国科学院植物研究所在进行了７个省悬钩子属种质资源调查的基础上,１９９３年获得国家自然科学基金资助,在南京建立了我国第一个悬钩子属基因库,开展了悬钩子属种质资源评价的研究。     

云南悬钩子种质资源考察

１９９６￣１９９７年进行了云南省悬钩子资源考察。野外调查发现１个新种、５个新种、新分布６种５变种。结合前人采集记载,云南省悬钩子植物种类为中１０７种４５变种,其中云南特有种３０种１６变种,西南４省特有种２８种１０变种,合计特有种共５８种２６变种顺滇南、滇东南、滇中、滇西和滇东并５个调查地区中,悬钩子属植物最集中分布在滇西和滇东南。阐述了物种分布特点及变异的多样性。介绍了栽秧泡（Ｒｕｂｕｓ ｅｌｌｐ     

DNA序列在悬钩子属植物分子系统学研究中的应用进展

悬钩子属植物种类繁多,类群复杂,而且多为多倍体和杂种。该文就近年来国内外有关DNA序列在悬钩子属植物分子系统学研究中的应用现状和进展进行了综述,并对中国悬钩子属植物系统发育研究进行了展望。研究认为:叶绿体DNA序列多应用非编码区,且多与ITS序列联合分析;核基因组中ITS序列应用最为广泛,主要用于研究悬钩子属空心莓组与木莓组的进化关系、栽培品种间亲缘关系及部分杂种和多倍体的起源等;在该属植物中发现了ITS个体内多态性,但未进行ITS假基因检测,其系统学应用价值需重新评价;低拷贝核基因只有GBSSI和LEAFY有相关应用。同时认为,悬钩子属植物系统学研究中应用的DNA序列及研究类群均较少,缺乏对整个悬钩子属全面而系统的研究。指出应进一步选择具有代表性的样本、筛选合适的DNA片段,并结合形态学、孢粉学和细胞学等手段对中国悬钩子属植物系统关系进行深入研究。     

国产悬钩子属绢毛亚组新资料

报道了采自西藏墨脱县悬钩子属绢毛亚组Rubus subsect.Lineati (Focke) Yü et Lu两个中国新纪录种,即酒红悬钩子R.calophyllus Clarke.和炫丽悬钩子R splendidissimus Hara.     

国产悬钩子属绢毛亚组新资料

报道了采自西藏墨脱县悬钩子属绢毛亚组Rubus subsect. Lineati (Focke) Yü et Lu两个中国新纪录种, 即酒红悬钩子R.calophyllus Clarke.和炫丽悬钩子R.splendidissimus Hara.     

悬钩子属田间基因库的建立与维护

江苏省植物研究所、中国科学院植物研究所在进行了7个省悬钩子属（RubusL.）种质资源调查的基础上,1993年获得国家自然科学基金资助,在南京建立了我国第一个悬钩子属田间基因库,开展了是钩子属种质资源评价的研究。本文论述了悬钩子植物在植株大小、地上部寿命和直立性、前蘖发生、顶端生根特性以及生态适应性等方面的遗传多样性及与此相应的田间基因库建设和维护措施。     

西藏墨脱悬钩子属植物小志

该文在野外调查、标本采集、标本查阅与鉴定及文献考证的基础上,对西藏墨脱县产的蔷薇科悬钩子属植物进行了系统整理。结果表明:目前发现该区共有悬钩子属植物28种4变种,其中Rubus lineatus Reinw. var. glabrior Hook. f.为中国分布新记录植物,小柱悬钩子(R. columellaris Tutcher)、红毛悬钩子(R. wallichianus Wight et Arn.)、独龙悬钩子(R. taronensis C. Y. Wu ex T. T. Yu et L. T. Lu)和疏松悬钩子(R. efferatus Craib)为西藏分布新记录植物。该文还对《中国植物志》和Flora of China中该属部分学名的不恰当使用进行了探讨。     

北方几种小浆果植物的核型研究

对悬钩子属、醋栗属、越桔属、沙棘属、接骨木属和五味子属等６属１２种小浆果植物的染色体数目和核型进行了研究。其中绿叶悬钩子、牛迭肚和刺果茶Ｂｉａｏ的染色体数目为首次报道。截止目前,关于小浆果植物的核型资料报道甚少。     

悬钩子属种质的评价

在进行了７省悬钩子资源调查的基础上,在南京建立了悬钩子属田间基因库。３年来对田间基因库内保存并开花结果的３０个种进行了开花结果性状的记栽和评价。内容包括果实特征,糖、酸、维生素类、氨基酸、矿质元素含量分析,染色体计数等。分析了种间和种内多样性物存在及在良种选育中利用的可能性。     

秦巴山区悬钩子属植物的地理分布及花粉形态观察

秦巴山区有悬钩子属植物40种15变种,隶属于3组15亚组,是我国悬钩子属的一个集中分布区,在该属植物起源和演化中占重要地位。部分类群的花粉形态观察结果表明孢粉学分析是该属植物系统分类研究的一个有效手段。     

甘肃省忍冬属植物系统分类

根据文献资料,经过大量标本鉴定整理,确认甘肃省共有忍冬属植物34种、4亚种、6变种,其中包括1个新异名、2个新等级和1个新记录变种。     

悬钩子属植物化学成分及生物活性研究新进展

悬钩子属植物是传统药用植物,本文综述了该属植物的化学成分及生物活性方面的研究进展,主要对其中的二萜及三萜类成分作了总结,引用文献30篇。     

甘肃中南部原尾虫物种多样性及区系分析

在甘肃中南部设置12个样区,对该地区原尾虫的物种多样性进行了研究。发现原尾虫11种,隶属于2目6科7属。其中包括1个甘肃新记录属、4个甘肃新记录种和1个未定名种。古蚖科Eosentomidae、檗蚖科Berberentulidae为优势类群。华山蚖Huashanentulus huashanensis为广布种;檗蚖科Berberentulidae有2属3种;古蚖科Eosentomidae有3属7种,占甘肃原尾虫总数的44％;始蚖科Protentomidae有1属1种;夕蚖科Hesperentomidae有1属2种;日本蚖科Nipponentomidae有1种,中华雅娃蚖Yavanna sinensis是甘肃的新记录种;蚖科Hesperentomidae有1属2种,包括1个华山蚖属未定名种Huashanentulus sp.,只分布在临夏太子山自然保护区。对甘肃原尾虫区系进行了分析,结果显示：古北界种类占总数的20％,东洋界物种占53.3％,广布种类占总数的26.7％。     

A Study on the Genus Rubus of China

The genus Rubus is one of the largest genera in the Rosaceae, consisting of more than 750 species in many parts of the world, of which 194 species have been recorded in China. In the present paper the Rubus is understood in its broad sense, including all the blackberries, dewberries and raspberries, comprising the woody and herbaceous kinds. So it is botanically a polymorphic, variable and very complicated group of plants. The detailed analysis and investigation of the evolutionary trends of the main organs in this genus have indicated the passage from shrubs to herbs in an evolutionary line, although there is no obvious discontinuity of morphological characters in various taxa. From a phylogenetic point of view, the Sect. Idaeobatus Focke is the most primitive group, characterized by its shrub habit armed with sharp prickles, aciculae or setae, stipules attached to the petioles, flowers hermaphrodite and often in terminal or axillary inflorescences, very rarely solitary, druplets separated from receptacles. Whereas the herbaceous Sect. Chamaemorus L. is the most advanced group, which is usually unarmed, rarely with aciculae or setae, stipules free, flowers dieocious, solitary, druplets adhering to the receptacles and with high chromosome numbers (2n = 56). Basing upon the evolutionary tendency of morphological features, chromosome numbers of certain species recorded in literature and the distribution patterns of species, a new systematic arrangement of Chinese Rubus has been suggested by the present authors. Focke in his well-known monograph divided the species of Rubus into 12 subgenera, while in the Flora of China 8 sections of Focke were adapted, but some important revisions have been made in some taxa and Sect. Dalibarda Focke has been reduced to Sect. Cylactis Focke. In addition, the arrangement of sections is presented in a reverse order to those of Focke’s system. The species of Rubus in China are classified into 8 sections with 24 subsections (tab. 3) as follows: 1. Sect. Idaeobatus, emend. Yü et Lu(11 subsect. 83 sp.); 2. Sect. Lampobatus Focke (1 sp.); 3. Sect. Rubus (1 sp.); 4. Sect. Malachobatus Focke, emend. Yü et Lu (13 subsect. 85 sp.); 5. Sect. Dalibardastrus (Focke)Yü et Lu (10 sp.); 6. Sect. Chaemaebatus Focke (5 sp.); 7. Sect. Cylactis Focke, emend. Yü et Lu (8 sp.); 8. Sect. Chamaemorus Focke (1 sp.). In respect to the geographical distribution the genus Rubus occurs throughout the world as shown in tab. 2, particularly abundant in the Northern Hemisphere, while the greatest concentration of species appears in North America and E. Asia. Of the more than 750 species in the world, 470 or more species (64%) distributed in North America. It is clearly showm that the center of distribution lies in North America at present time. There are about 200 species recorded in E. Asia, of which the species in China (194) amount to 97% of the total number. By analysis of the distribution of species in China the great majority of them inhabit the southern parts of the Yangtze River where exist the greatest number of species and endemics, especially in southwestern parts of China, namely Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou (tab. 3. 4.). It is interesting to note that the centre of distribution of Rubus in China ranges From northwestern Yunnan to south-western Sichuan (tab. 5), where the genus also reaches its highest morphological diversity. In this region the characteristics of floristic elements of Rubus can be summarized as follows: it is very rich in composition, contaning 6 sections and 94 species, about 66% of the total number of Chinese species; there are also various complex groups, including primitive, intermediate and advanced taxa of phylogenetic importance; the proportion of endemic plants is rather high, reaching 61 species, up to 44% of the total endemics in China. It is noteworthy to note that the most primitive Subsect. Thyrsidaei (Focke) Yü et Lu, consisting of 9 endemic species, distributed in southern slopes of the Mts. Qin Ling and Taihang Shan (Fig. 4). From the above facts we may concluded that the south-western part of China is now not only the center of distribution and differentiation of Rubus in China, but it may also be the center of origin ofthis genus.     

甘肃石栖蝗属一新种(直翅目,网翅蝗科)

记述采自甘肃的网翅蝗科石栖蝗属Saxetophilus 1新种,即甘肃石栖蝗S.gansuensis sp.nov.,新种近似于石栖蝗S.petulans Umnov,1930和米氏石栖蝗S.mistshenkoiNaumovitsh,1988,与它们的区别见表1.并附有石栖蝗属种的检索表.模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所标本室.     

甘肃黄芪属植物研究－裂萼黄芪亚属植物的分类与分布

本文研究整理了甘肃产黄芪属（ＡｓｔｒａｇａｌｕｓＬｉｎｎ．）裂萼黄芪亚属（Ｓｕｂｇｅｎ．ＣｅｒｃｉｄｏｔｈｒｉｘＢｕｎｇｅ）植物共２０种、３变种。提供了分种检索表、每个种的文献及其在本省的产地和分布,为甘肃省植物志的编写准备了资料。     

临夏盆地晚中新世爪兽亚科(奇蹄目,哺乳纲)一新种

爪兽在我国新近纪地层中发现的数量和种类都相当稀少。本文根据产自甘肃省临夏盆地晚中新世柳树组的一批化石材料建立的一个爪兽化石新种临夏奈王爪兽(Nestoritherium linxiaense sp.nov.)是此属目前所发现的最原始的种类。新种以鼻骨与泪骨相接触、上臼齿原小尖萎缩、原脊不太发育、下颌粗壮、齿隙短、下犬齿可能存在但发育较弱以及p4下内尖孤立而区别于其他各种。根据新发现的化石,确立了Nestoritherium属名的有效性,并将修订后的Nestoritherium wuduense(Xue&Coombs,1985)归入其中,认为此属是Hesperotherium的祖先类型。     

甘肃忍冬科植物区系地理

对甘肃产忍冬科植物8属59种8变种及3亚种（不包括引种栽培的1属和3种）*进行了统计,并计算甘肃与邻近省的相似性系数,与陕西省的最大,为0．41;而与西藏的为最小,仅为0．14。陇南西部河谷亚热带湿润区和陇南北部暖温带区是甘肃产忍冬科植物种类最为丰富的地区。同时,对甘肃产忍冬科植物进行了属、种分布区类型的划分,属的分布区类型可划分为：旧世界温带分布、温带亚洲分布、东亚分布和中国特有4个类型。种的分布类型可划分为：中国特有、东亚分布、温带亚洲分布和旧世界温带分布。从该科植物在甘肃的分布来看,绝大多数种类都不超过中国4个植物亚区在甘肃的交汇点,与中国植物区划基本相符,并可确切说此交汇点应在兰州的永登县附近。     

甘肃南部巴蜗牛科(腹足纲:巴蜗牛科)的种类名录

本文根据甘肃南部所辖地区采集的腹足目巴蜗牛科标本和国内外报道,对其进行系统整理研究,列出巴蜗牛科动物76种,分隶11属1科,其中30种为甘肃省新纪录.