东南极格罗夫山土壤可培养细菌的分离鉴定及其产胞外酶和抗菌活性北大核心CSCD

【目的】获得东南极格罗夫山地区土壤中可培养细菌组成信息,分析菌株胞外水解酶产生及抗菌活性情况。【方法】稀释直接涂布平板法获得可培养细菌菌株并根据其16S rRNA基因序列对其进行系统发育分析。平板法初步鉴定菌株的胞外酶产生情况,琼脂块法分析菌株对5种供试菌的抗性。【结果】所有土壤样品共分离出39株可培养细菌,分属于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,19株,48.7%)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria,分属于α-、β-、γ-变形菌纲,共计10株,25.6%)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria,8株,20.5%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes,1株,2.6%)和异常球菌-栖热菌门(Deinococcus-Thermus,1株,2.6%)等5门20个菌属,优势菌属为芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)。不同冻存温度的土壤样品分离菌株有所不同。33株细菌具有至少一种的胞外酶活力,其中产淀粉酶的菌株最多(25株,64.1%)。6株细菌可抑制至少一种供试菌的生长。【结论】格罗夫山土壤可培养细菌组成在大分类上与南极其他地区一致,但在属的水平上有所不同。分离出的具有胞外酶活性和抗菌活性的适冷菌株为进一步开发利用南极低温酶和抗菌活性物质提供了良好的菌种资源。     

库木塔格沙漠土壤细菌多样性及具有群体感应抑制活性放线菌筛选

【背景】群体感应抑制剂(quorum sensing inhibitor,QSI)作为抗生素潜在替代品,可有效降低致病菌传染性和毒性。沙漠土壤蕴藏着丰富的放线菌资源,是挖掘群体感应抑制剂的重要来源。【目的】解析库木塔格沙漠土壤细菌群落多样性,筛选并挖掘群体感应抑制活性放线菌资源。【方法】采用Illumina Nova Seq高通量测序技术揭示库木塔格沙漠土壤细菌群落组成,利用可培养方法进行土壤放线菌分离和鉴定;选用紫色杆菌CV026模型筛选群体感应抑制活性放线菌,并对其功能特性进行初步评价。【结果】Illumina Nova Seq高通量测序结果显示,样品土壤细菌涉及23门96目150属,优势菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria,61%)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria,28%),其中分枝杆菌属(Mycobacterium)为放线菌门最优势菌属(87.3%),其次为红球菌属(Rhodococcus,6.8%)和丙酸杆菌属(Cutibacterium,0.9%)。可培养方法共分离到108株放线菌,归属9科10属,其中优势菌属为链霉菌属(Streptomyces),占65....     

北极苔原土壤中可培养细菌的分离及其抗菌活性测定

【目的】北极地区具有高纬度、低温、高辐射等独特的环境条件。北冰洋及周围大面积的陆地区域鲜有人类踪迹,其中微生物数量不可低估。本研究旨在了解北极土壤中的可培养微生物的多样性及其抗菌活性。【方法】对来源于北极黄河站附近的7份不同植物根下苔原土壤进行直接涂布和富集培养后涂布。【结果】共获得细菌菌株721株,对其中608株进行细菌16S rRNA基因序列测定,归属于86个属,229个种,主要分布于变形菌门(Proteobacteria,54.3%)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria,21.2%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes,12.8%)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,10.0%)和奇异球菌门(Deinococcus-Thermus,1.6%)。其中从16S rRNA基因序列同源性推测有22株细菌菌株为潜在新种/属。从分离菌株中筛选出16株可抑制金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusaureus)或鲍氏不动杆菌(Acinetobacterbaumannii)生长的拮抗菌。【结论】获得了北极土壤地区特有的微生物菌株资源,为进一步筛选拮抗菌的活性物质提供了菌株基础。     

南极中山站长城站土壤及海洋沉积物可培养细菌多样性

南极地区具有气候酷寒干燥、强紫外(UV)辐射和季节性光照与温度波动等恶劣的极端环境条件,孕育了大量微生物资源和潜在新物种。为了挖掘南极不同生境样品蕴含的微生物菌种资源,更好地认识和探索南极地区微生物资源多样性,利用低温寡营养富集结合梯度稀释涂布的方法,对南极长城站、中山站土壤和近海表层沉积物3个生境的样品进行细菌分离和16S rRNA基因序列相似性分析以确定南极细菌分类学地位。结果表明,共获得482株纯培养细菌,有54个属,142个种,分布于变形菌门(Proteobacteria,42%),放线菌门(Actinobacteria,40%),厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,12%),拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes,4%)和异常球菌-栖热菌门(Deinococcus-Thermus,1%)。优势属为嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter,12%)、假单胞属(Pseudomonas,10%)和节杆菌属(Arthrobacter,9%)。不同生境样品中纯培养细菌多样性存在较大差异。中山站干燥土壤样品中放线菌门比例明显高于变形菌门,有13个特有属,嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter)、红球菌属(Rhodococcus)为优势菌;长城站近岸砂土样品中变形菌门菌株最多,拟杆菌门比例高于中山站样品,有高比例的假单胞菌,分离到12个特有属;近海沉积物样品细菌群落结构最简单,分离到9个特有属。经16S rRNA基因序列对比发现,有7株菌为潜在新种。     

南极三洋藓(Sanionia uncinata)细菌群落组成分析

【背景】南极苔藓中蕴藏着丰富的极地微生物资源,然而目前对南极苔藓细菌群落组成的研究较少,限制了对这类极端生境微生物资源的开发和应用。【目的】在南极长城站不同地点随机取样,揭示南极三洋藓(Sanioniauncinata)的细菌群落结构组成。【方法】采用IlluminaHiSeq高通量测序技术对3个苔藓样品的16S rRNA基因V4区进行测序及生物信息学分析。【结果】3个苔藓样品中共获得细菌总优化序列273 367条。基于97%序列相似度,细菌优化序列聚类为9 579个OTU。分类地位明确的细菌可归为14门27纲50属。优势类群是变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(30.70%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)(19.67%)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)(12.43%)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)(10.55%)及放线菌门(Actinobacteria)(9.36%)。在属水平上,56.73%属于未知细菌。【结论】南极三洋藓(Sanionia uncinata)中具有丰富多样的细菌,该研究为今后极地微生物研究奠定了基础。     

四川冬菜中细菌群落组成及多样性

【目的】了解腌制4年的四川南充冬菜中细菌群落组成及多样性。【方法】通过16S rDNA多样性分析样品细菌落组成;采用16S rDNA-RFLP方法分析从样品中分离出的纯培养细菌。【结果】16S rDNA多样性分析结果表明,样品中细菌主要属于变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),分别占克隆文库的87.9%、7.1%,其中包括Virgibacillus kekensis,Marinococcus albus,Salinicoccus sp.,Lactobacillus halophilus和Halomonas等中度嗜盐菌,仅有5%属于放线菌门(Actinobacteria)。通过纯培养方法从冬菜中分离到35株菌,16S rDNA-RFLP分析结果表明,34株属于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),包括Virgibacillus,Bacillus megaterium和Gracilibacillus saliphilus等中度嗜盐菌,1株属于放线菌门(Actinobacteria)。【结论】冬菜中细菌群落多样性较低,以中度嗜盐菌为主。     

泥浸汁对太湖沉积物中的好氧可培养细菌多样性的影响

【目的】研究添加泥浸汁与否对太湖沉积物中可培养细菌的影响。【方法】采用R2A培养基和添加泥浸汁R2A培养基对沉积物中细菌进行分离培养,16S r RNA基因系统发育分析比较种群结构。【结果】培养基中添加泥浸汁,可使可培养细菌的种类数量增加到1.6倍。16S r RNA基因序列分析表明,培养的优势细菌类群存在明显差别。R2A培养基上生长的细菌主要为厚壁菌门(52%)、放线菌门(24%)、变形菌门(20%)和拟杆菌门(4%),其中大部分细菌与芽孢杆菌属、假单胞菌属、节杆菌属等关系密切;而添加泥浸汁的R2A培养基上生长的细菌则主要为变形菌门(40%)、放线菌门(35%)、厚壁菌门(22.5%)和拟杆菌门(2.5%),与鞘脂单胞菌属、芽孢杆菌属、副球菌属、节杆菌属等关系密切。【结论】添加泥浸汁原始营养因子可提高沉积物中可培养细菌的多样性,提高菌种可培养效率。     

中国南海沉积环境可培养细菌多样性研究

【目的】探索海洋沉积环境中可培养细菌的多样性。【方法】采用纯培养分离及16S rRNA基因序列鉴定的方法,对我国南海海域20个沉积物样品进行细菌多样性分析。【结果】共获得200株细菌,分属于47个属,99个种。经系统进化分析,可培养菌株主要分布于4个类群:厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),优势类群为Firmicutes,其中芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)所占比例为55.6%;而Actinobacteria和Bacteroidetes两个类群获得菌株较少;在Firmicutes和Actinobacteria两个类群中发现8个潜在新种和3个潜在新属级类群。【结论】初步研究结果表明,南海海洋沉积环境可培养微生物资源丰富,新物种资源多样;其中,芽孢杆菌为海洋沉积环境中的优势类群,随着样品深度的增加,细菌多样性呈现递减的趋势,深度可能是影响细菌多样性的一个重要因素;其次,分离培养基和分离方法直接关系到样品中可培养微生物多样性的发现,有待深入研究。     

基于高通量测序技术分析使它隆对玉米土壤细菌多样性的影响

【目的】研究使它隆对玉米土壤细菌多样性的影响。【方法】利用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术,分别测定了玉米土壤细菌的16S rRNA基因的V4-V5可变区序列,进而对不同时期的不喷施除草剂和喷施除草剂的玉米土壤中细菌群落组成和多样性进行分析。【结果】研究共获得260940条有效序列,167191条优质序列,12656个OTUs。多样性分析结果表明,使它隆处理10 d后的土壤细菌多样性和丰度降低;使它隆处理60 d后的土壤细菌多样性和丰度提高。对土壤细菌群落组成分析发现,5个土壤样品中的优势菌门均为酸酐菌门、变形菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门和芽单胞菌门。使它隆处理10 d后的样品酸杆菌门的比例增加,放线菌门和绿弯菌门的比例降低;使它隆处理60 d后样品变形菌门的比例降低,绿弯菌门的比例明显增加。【结论】使它隆对玉米土壤细菌多样性产生一定影响,其影响随施药时间而异。     

怒江大峡谷怒江州段土壤放线菌多样性

【背景】怒江大峡谷怒江州段凭借独特的地理环境、丰富的动植物多样性以及极少的人为干扰,拥有很高的生物多样性调查价值,但对于该生境中的放线菌多样性研究尚未见相关报道。【目的】研究怒江大峡谷怒江州段土壤放线菌多样性情况。【方法】利用Illumina Hi Seq平台对怒江州段土壤样品放线菌免培养多样性进行高通量测序,通过相对丰度、物种聚类、主成分分析对不同样品中放线菌组成及其相似性进行了分析。同时通过9种不同类型培养基结合有效的预处理方法和非目的菌抑制剂进行放线菌的纯培养分离。【结果】高通量测序共获得Tag数目474 203条,OTU数目15 671个,它们分布于细菌域下的47个门90个纲170个目320个科561个属。通过不同样品的比较,发现BS、F-G、F-L、L样品的放线菌免培养多样性普遍优于丙中洛样点的BB、BT、BH样品。纯培养分离共获得351株放线菌,分布于放线菌纲下8个目14个科26个属。所用9种培养基中,YIM171培养基的分离效果最好。通过比较不同样品的放线菌纯培养多样性,丙中洛混合样明显优于其他样品。【结论】怒江大峡谷怒江州段土壤样品中放线菌多样性丰富,应进一步挖掘其放线菌资源潜力,为今后放线菌次生代谢产物的开发提供有效的菌株资源。     

Bacterial composition of soils of the Lake Wellman area, Darwin Mountains, Antarctica

The aim of this study was to examine the bacterial composition of high latitude soils from the Darwin–Hatherton glacier region of Antarctica. Four soil pits on each of four glacial drift sheets were sampled for chemical and microbial analyses. The four drifts—Hatherton, Britannia, Danum, and Isca—ranged, respectively, from early Holocene (10 ky) to mid-Quaternary (ca 900 ky). Numbers of culturable bacteria were low, with highest levels detected in soils from the younger Hatherton drift. DNA was extracted and 16S rRNA gene clone libraries prepared from samples below the desert pavement for each of the four drift sheets. Between 31 and 262 clones were analysed from each of the Hatherton, Britannia, and Danum drifts. Bacterial sequences were dominated by members of the phyla Deinococcus-Thermus, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Culturable bacteria, including some that clustered with soil clones (e.g., members of the genera Arthrobacter, Adhaeribacter, and Pontibacter), belonged to Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The isolated bacteria are ideal model organisms for genomic and phenotypic investigations of those attributes that allow bacteria to survive and/or grow in Antarctic soils because they have close relatives that are not tolerant of these conditions.     

Hydrocarbon contamination changes the bacterial diversity of soil from around Scott Base, Antarctica

A combination of culture-independent and culturing methods was used to determine the impacts of hydrocarbon contamination on the diversity of bacterial communities in coastal soil from Ross Island, Antarctica. While numbers of culturable aerobic heterotrophic microbes were 1-2 orders of magnitude higher in the hydrocarbon-contaminated soil than control soil, the populations were less diverse. Members of the divisions Fibrobacter/Acidobacterium, Cytophaga/Flavobacterium/Bacteroides, Deinococcus/Thermus, and Low G+C gram positive occurred almost exclusively in control soils whereas the contaminated soils were dominated by Proteobacteria; specifically, members of the genera Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas and Variovorax, some of which degrade hydrocarbons. Members of the Actinobacteria were found in both soils.     

Bacterial diversity of a soil sample from Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica.

The bacterial diversity of a soil sample collected in the vicinity of Lake Zub, Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica, was determined both by establishing pure colonies of culturable bacteria and by cloning the total 16S rDNA of the soil and establishing the phylogeny of the clones. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene clones indicated that the bacteria belonged to the classes alpha-proteobacteria, beta-proteobacteria, gamma-proteobacteria, Gemmatimonas, Bacteriodetes, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi and Chlamydiae. In addition, seven clones were categorized as unidentified and unculturable in the classes of beta-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi and Chlamydiae. Further, the culturable bacteria from the same site were identified as belonging to the genera Pseudomonas, Sphingobacterium, Arthrobacter, Micrococcus, Brevondimonas, Rhodococcus and Microbacterium. These results identify for the first time the presence of bacteria belonging to the genera Brevundimonas, Microbacterium, Rhodococcus, Serratia, Enterobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Acidovorax, Burkholderia, Nevskia, Gemmatimonas, Xanthomonas and Flexibacter in Antarctica. Further, comparison of the Antarctic soil bacterial diversity with other cold habitats of Antarctica like from sediments, ice and cyanobacterial mat samples indicated that the bacterial diversity in soil was similar to the diversity observed in the continental shelf sediment sample. The Antarctic soil clones also resembled the bacterial diversity of soils from other geographical regions, but were unique in that none of the clones from the soil belonged to the uncultured Y, O, G, A and B groups common to all soil samples.     

Structure and diversity of soil algal communities from Cierva Point (Antarctic Peninsula)

Cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae, together with bacteria and fungi, are known to be primary colonizers of mineral soils throughout Antarctica. Their species diversity and soil coverage were studied in 18 soil polygons located at Cierva Point, Antarctic Peninsula. Undisturbed assemblages were dominated by filamentous Cyanobacteria and diatoms, whilst almost 40% of the 49 species recorded were observed only after enrichment culture. Nearly all of the isolates from enrichment cultures were Chlorophyta and Tribophyceae. This revealed a higher degree of complexity than reported for similar communities on Signy Island. Water content and concentrations of nutrients were determined at four representative sites, and did not appear to account for the large inter-polygon variation found in species composition and relative frequencies of occurrence. Variables describing community development were not significantly correlated with either area of the polygons or the minimum distance between them. This suggested that these features are not an important short-range barrier to dispersal for those “weed” species dominating the community. Conversely, the relative frequencies of some of the most common species showed significant correlations with species diversity and soil coverage, and it is suggested that biotic interactions could account to a larger extent for community structure than previously reported from Signy Island fellfields. Accepted: 12 October 1999     

珠穆朗玛峰北坡可培养石生细菌多样性及抗紫外辐射能力

【背景】珠穆朗玛峰地区具有寒冷低温、强辐射等极端环境条件,珠穆朗玛峰北坡石生微生物研究未见报道。【目的】针对珠穆朗玛峰北坡石生微生物开展研究,阐明珠穆朗玛峰北坡石生生境中可培养细菌多样性,开发珠穆朗玛峰北坡抗紫外辐射菌株资源。【方法】通过可培养法、16S rRNA基因序列分析方法以及紫外辐射筛选对珠穆朗玛峰北坡可培养石生细菌多样性以及抗紫外辐射能力进行研究。【结果】从珠穆朗玛峰北坡石生生境中共分离获得52株石生细菌,归类为放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),其中放线菌门和变形菌门为优势菌门,鞘脂单胞菌属、节杆菌属、链霉菌属为优势菌属,有2株菌为潜在新种。从已分离鉴定菌株中筛选出了2株抗紫外辐射能力较高的菌株,分别是芽孢杆菌属菌株ZFBP4009和链霉菌属菌株ZFBP1009。【结论】珠穆朗玛峰北坡石生环境蕴含多样性丰富的石生细菌,所分离菌株抗紫外辐射能力突出,为揭示相关极端环境下微生物的分布特征及极端环境微生物资源开发提供了数据支持及菌株资源。     

Effects of oil spills on microbial heterotrophs in Antarctic soils

Oil spillage on the moist coastal soils of the Ross Sea region of Antarctica can impact on populations of microbial heterotrophs in these soils, as determined by viable plate counts and a most probable number technique. Elevated numbers of culturable hydrocarbon degraders, bacteria and fungi were detected in surface and subsurface soils from oil-contaminated sites, compared with nearby control sites. Culturable yeasts were not detected in soil from coastal control sites, yet reached >10⁵ organisms g^-1 dry weight in contaminated soils. The presence of hydrocarbons in soils resulted in a shift in the genera of culturable filamentous fungi. Chrysosporium dominated control soils, yet Phialophora was more abundant in oil-contaminated soils. Hydrocarbon degraders are most likely bacteria; however, fungi could play a role in degradation of hydrocarbons or their metabolites. Depleted levels of nitrate detected in some contaminated soils and decreased pH may be the result of growth of hydrocarbon degraders. Numbers and diversity of culturable microbes from Antarctic soil varied depending on whether a pristine site or a human-impacted (in this case, by fuel spills) site is studied.     

南大西洋深海热液区可培养硫氧化微生物多样性及其硫氧化特性

【目的】探索南大西洋热液环境中的硫氧化细菌多样性并研究其硫氧化特性。【方法】通过富集培养和分离纯化获得硫氧化细菌,利用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)分析富集菌群组成结构,采用离子色谱法对获得的硫氧化细菌硫氧化特性进行检测。【结果】从南大西洋深海环境样品中共分离到48株菌,分属于alpha-Proteobacteria(28株,58.3%)、Actinobacteria(11株,22.9%)和gama-Proteobacteria(9株,18.8%)共3个门,其中Thalassospira、Martelella和Microbacterium为优势属。DGGE结果表明深海热液环境样品中微生物多样性丰富且不同站位存在差异。硫氧化特性研究结果表明,约60%的分离菌株具有硫氧化能力,可以氧化S_2O_3~(2–)生成SO_4~(2–)。获得一株硫氧化能力较强的潜在新种L6M1-5,在实验条件下可高效氧化S_2O_3~(2–),最大氧化速率可达0.56 mmol/(L·h)。【结论】南大西洋深海热液环境中可培养硫氧化细菌多样性丰富,为研究热液环境中的硫循环过程提供了实验材料和理论参考;同时高效硫氧化菌的获得,为工业化含硫废水的处理提供了良好的菌种资源。     

Phylogenetic diversity of culturable bacteria from Antarctic sandy intertidal sediments

The diversity of culturable bacteria associated with sandy intertidal sediments from the coastal regions of the Chinese Antarctic Zhongshan Station on the Larsemann Hills (Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica) was investigated. A total of 65 aerobic heterotrophic bacterial strains were isolated at 4°C. Microscopy and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the isolates were dominated by Gram-negative bacteria, while only 16 Gram-positive strains were isolated. The bacterial isolates fell in five phylogenetic groups: Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. Based on phylogenetic trees, all the 65 isolates were sorted into 29 main clusters, corresponding to at least 29 different genera. Based on sequence analysis (<98% sequence similarity), the Antarctic isolates belonged to at least 37 different bacterial species, and 14 of the 37 bacterial species (37.8%) represented potentially novel taxa. These results indicated a high culturable diversity within the bacterial community of the Antarctic sandy intertidal sediments.     

枯草芽胞杆菌菌肥对有机冬瓜根区土壤微生态的影响

【背景】微生物肥料已广泛应用于我国有机作物的种植,其对有机种植土壤微生态的影响尚需科学评测。【目的】高通量测序技术可用于精确分析土壤微生物群落,从细菌、真菌群落结构和多样性的角度阐释枯草芽胞杆菌菌肥对有机农田根区土壤微生物群落的影响。【方法】在有机农田轮作种植条件下,施用枯草芽胞杆菌菌肥后提取冬瓜根区土壤基因组DNA,通过PCR扩增建立文库,利用IlluminaMiSeq高通量测序技术,并结合相关生物信息学方法分析土壤细菌16SrRNA基因V3-V4区和真菌ITS1区的多样性指数及群落结构;测定根区土壤化学性质及酶活性,分析有机冬瓜果实品质,并作相关分析。【结果】从6个有机冬瓜根区土壤样本中获得14199个细菌操作分类单元(OTU)和3378个真菌OTU,细菌和真菌文库测序覆盖率分别在98%、99%以上。枯草芽胞杆菌菌肥会在一定程度上提高土壤细菌种群多样性而降低真菌种群多样性,丰富了细菌群落结构,但显著降低了真菌群落丰富度(P0.05);并减少了根区土壤特有细菌和真菌物种。变形菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门是优势细菌,子囊菌门是优势真菌;枯草芽胞杆菌菌肥会提高绿弯菌门和子囊菌门的相对丰度,比例分别为46.23%、10.01%;降低变形菌门和担子菌门的相对丰度,比例分别为11.14%、74.72%。枯草芽胞杆菌菌肥显著降低了土壤pH,显著提高了有机冬瓜果实总氨基酸、可溶性固形物等营养成分含量(P0.05)。【结论】施用枯草芽胞杆菌菌肥改变有机冬瓜根区土壤细菌和真菌的丰富度和多样性,降低了土壤pH,提高了有机冬瓜果实品质。     

Variations in soil culturable bacteria communities and biochemical characteristics in the Dongkemadi glacier forefield along a chronosequence

The variations in the soil culturable bacterial communities and biochemical parameters of early successional soils from a receding glacier in the Tanggula Mountain were investigated. We examined low organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents and enzymatic activity, correlated with fewer bacterial groups and numbers in the glacier forefield soils. The soil pH values decreased, but the soil water content, organic C and total N significantly increased, along the chronosequence. The soil C/N ratio decreased in the early development soils and increased in the late development soils and it did not correlate with the soil age since deglaciation. The activities of soil urease, sucrase, protease, polyphenol oxidase, catalase, and dehydrogenase increased along the chronosequence. The numbers of culturable bacteria in the soils increased as cultured at 25°C while decreased at 4°C from younger soils to older soils. Total numbers of culturable bacteria in the soils cultured at 25°C were significantly positively correlated to the soil total N, organic C, and soil water content, as well as the activities of soil urease, sucrase, dehydrogenase, catalase, and polyphenol oxidase. We have obtained 224 isolates from the glacier forefield soils. The isolates were clustered into 28 groups by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA). Among them, 27 groups and 25 groups were obtained from the soils at 25°C and at 4°C incubation temperatures, respectively. These groups are affiliated with 18 genera that belong to six taxa, viz, Actinobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Alphaproteobacteria, and Betaproteobacteria. The dominant taxa were Actinobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes in all the samples. The abundance and the diversity of the genera isolated at 25°C incubation temperature were greater than that at 4°C.