50例尖锐湿疣患者HPV DNA的检测

采用地高辛标记的ＨＰＶ６．１１探针,对５０例生殖器尖锐湿疣,１０例慢性宫颈炎组织及１０例女性生殖器正常粘膜进行ＨＰＶ ＤＮＡ检测。结果示尖镜湿疣组织ＨＰＶ阳性率为８８．０％（４４／５０）;慢性宫颈炎为１０％（１／１０）;而正常粘膜组织无一例阳性。尖锐湿疣组织中ＨＰＶ６．１１的检出率分别为７６％（３８／５０）和６０％（３０／５０）。男女患者两型探针检测的总阳性率无显著差异。     

肛门生殖器区肿瘤组织中HPV的快速检测和分型

迄今已发现的人乳头瘤病毒（ＨＰＶ）型已超过７７型,其中至少有３０个型与泌尿生殖道肿瘤有关。所以ＨＰＶ的检测与分型对于泌尿生殖道肿瘤的病因和预后将是非常重要的。ＨＰＶ有很大的异质性,故用常规的诊断技术来测定未知标本中的ＨＰＶ基因型有一定困难。为此,我们应用了反向点杂交法（ＲＯＢ）来检测ＨＰＶ分型。即用７种序列特异性寡核苷酸探针分别对应７型ＨＰＶ（ＨＰＶ６Ｂ、１１、１６、１８、３１、３３、３５）,这些     

宫颈癌患者HPV16/18型病毒感染及阴道菌群观察

目的 探讨宫颈癌与人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染高危型HPV(HPV16/18)表达及阴道菌群的关系。 方法 回顾性分析我院2018年1月-2020年1月收治的37例宫颈癌患者的临床资料,将其设为宫颈癌组。纳入同期于我院治疗的43例宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)患者的临床资料设为CIN组。比较两组基础资料(年龄、绝经情况、孕次、产次、HPV16/18阳性表达、阴道菌群、饮食卫生习惯和家族遗传史)差异,并对有差异信息进行赋值,以多因素Logistic回归模型分析宫颈癌发生的危险因素。 结果 经单因素分析,两组患者年龄、绝经情况、孕次和产次比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);宫颈癌组HPV16/18阳性、阴道菌群失调、饮食卫生习惯较差以及存在家族遗传史患者数显著多于CIN组(P结论 宫颈癌发生危险因素较多,临床应针对存在危险因素的患者加强监测并给予相应干预从而降低宫颈癌发生风险。     

常用功率密度CO2激光治疗尖锐湿疣时烟尘中HPV DNA的检测

目的 :了解临床常用功率密度的 CO2 激光治疗尖锐湿疣术中烟尘是否含有 HPVDNA。方法 :选择皮损较多的尖锐湿疣 ,病程在 6个月以内的患者作为研究对象 ,分别用 5 W、1 0 W、1 5 W对应功率密度下的 CO2 激光汽化在体疣体组织 ,离光斑 5 cm或 5 0 cm处用吸尘器抽吸烟尘于 PBS中 ,经固定后观察烟尘的细胞形态学 ,并用 HPV通用型引物作 PCR检测烟尘是否含有 HPV-DNA。结果 :三种功率密度的烟尘主要由炭化颗粒组成 ,其中含有少量破碎的上皮细胞及形态完整和不完整的单个表皮细胞或细胞团 ;PCR检测 CO2 激光在 5 W、1 0 W、1 5 W对应功率密度下治疗时的烟尘 ,HPV DNA阳性数分别为 :1 /1 3、3 /9、3 /1 5例。结论 :CO2激光常用功率密度治疗尖锐湿疣时 ,烟尘中有 HPV DNA存在 ,为防其对人体造成的危害 ,需要及时抽排烟尘。     

抗HPV11E2核酸的计算机设计

借助计算机软件分析,设计出能特异性切割HPV11型644nt型644ntE2mNA的核酶。遵循Symons锤头状核酶结构和GUX剪切位点原则,靶序列存在32个剪切位点,通过计算机软件分析核酶的最佳剪切位点,并对底物及核酶的二级结构进行预测及进行相应基因生物学功能和基因同源性分析,筛选出2个锤头结构核酶。针对这两位点设计的核酶分别命名为RZ277和RZ3281。计算机分析显示,两核酶与底物切点两翼碱基形成锤头状结构,切点所在基因序列具有相对松驰的二级结构,位于该基因重要生物功能区内,是核酶的理想攻击区域,通过基因库检索,在已知人类基因中排除了与上述两核酶切点两翼碱基有基因同源性序列的可能性。并非所有的GUX位点（X：C、U、A）或CUX均可作为核酶的最佳剪切切割反应,为下一步将核酶用于细胞内和体内试验打下基础。     

应用树状DNA杂交(DDH)对生殖道尖锐湿疣中HPV DNA的分型检测

从手术切除的50例生殖道尖锐湿疣新鲜标本中,以及15例正常人血清中,提取基因组DNA,同时用树状DNA杂交(dendrimer DNA hybridizalion,DDH)技术和PCR进行HPV DNA的分型检测.结果50例尖锐湿疣中,以DDH方法检测,感染HPV6型者20例,感染11型者24例,6/11型混合感染者3例,阴性3例,总检测率达94%;以PCR方法检测,HPV6型感染者21例,11型感染者24例,6/11型混合感染者3例,阴性2例,总检测率为96%.15例正常人血清中,以DDH方法检测,HPV感染的假阳性率为0%;以PCR检测,假阳性率为6.67%.还以HPV阳性标本对DDH方法做了敏感度的测定,结果阳性病例DNA检测最低浓度为97.28pg/ml.研究表明,DDH技术具有较高敏感性和高特异性,且成本较低,操作安全简便,可适用于基层中小医院较大样本量筛查.     

基于HPV16E7蛋白CTLs抗原肽的病毒样颗粒治疗性疫苗的构建

目的:构建呈递HPV16 E7 CTLs抗原表位的病毒样颗粒,并初步评价病毒样颗粒作为治疗性疫苗载体的潜能。方法:根据文献选择有效的HPV16 E7 CTLs表位,合成其正负链寡核苷酸序列,并通过退火形成双链DNA片段。将片段克隆于表达乙肝核心抗原的重组质粒p Thio His AHBc Ag,使抗原肽得以呈现于病毒样颗粒。重组菌经IPTG诱导后经SDS-PAGE鉴定目的蛋白表达。菌体破碎后经硫酸铵盐析法和蔗糖密度梯度离心进行纯化,并经高效液相凝胶过滤色谱和电镜鉴定病毒样颗粒的存在。制备的病毒样颗粒免疫接种了TC-1细胞的肿瘤模型小鼠,检测小鼠肿瘤大小。此外,在体外以抗原肽刺激脾细胞,以ELISA检测IFN-γ表达水平。结果:构建的三个重组表达质粒经酶切鉴定及测序分析证实构建正确。表达的重组蛋白大小与预期相符,并形成了病毒样颗粒。免疫小鼠后显示了抑制肿瘤增长的一定作用趋势。此外,抗原肽体外刺激促进了疫苗免疫小鼠脾细胞IFN-γ的表达,显示疫苗引起机体产生E7特异性的细胞免疫应答。结论:HBc Ag VLPs是有潜能的治疗性疫苗载体。     

人乳头瘤病毒16型晚期蛋白质基因L1的克隆及表达

人乳头瘤病毒16型(HPV16)含有两个晚期开放读码框(L_1ORF和L_2ORF),L_1ORF编码主要衣壳蛋白,我们用质粒pHPV16、p16L_2BX_5和pATH,采用基因重组技术,制备了含有HPV16个长L_1ORF序列的基因克隆p16L_1BN(5071—253),它能在大肠杆菌中有效表达,产生分子量约90KD的含有E. coli trpE的融合蛋白。Western blot检测,该蛋白可被抗牛乳头瘤病毒的抗体识别,这说明克隆p16L_1BN能有效表达,基因产物具有乳头瘤病毒型的共同抗原的性质。     

实时荧光定量PCR检测HPV—DNA在宫颈癌筛查中应用

目的：探讨HPV感染与宫颈病变的关系。方法：对2008年2月-2009年3月期间在通山县人民医院皮肤性病科和妇科门诊就诊的1256位女性的宫颈拭子标本进行HPV DNA实时荧光定量PCR检测,比较不同宫颈病变级别组HPV的阳性率。结果：各病变组与正常组比较差异有显著性,P〈0.01,且随病变级别增加总阳性率逐渐上升。结论：HPV在人群具有较高的感染率,且HPV感染与宫颈病变的发生有关。实时荧光定量PCR检测HPV DNA可成为一种广泛应用的临床检验技术,作为筛查宫颈癌及癌前病变的首选方法。     

Improved PCR performance and fidelity of double mutant Neq A523R/N540R DNA polymerase

We previously reported that Neq A523R DNA polymerase is more efficient in PCR than wild-type Neq DNA polymerase, and amplifies products more rapidly. Neq A523R DNA polymerase also amplifies templates more rapidly than Pfu DNA polymerase, but has a lower fidelity than Pfu DNA polymerase. To improve product yield and the fidelity of amplification simultaneously, we constructed and characterized the double mutant Neq A523R/N540R. The yield of PCR products was greater for Neq A523R/N540R DNA polymerase than wild-type and other mutant DNA polymerases, and the Neq double mutant catalyzed amplification of a 12-kb PCR product from a lambda template with an extension time of 3 min. The PCR error rate of Neq A523R/N540R DNA polymerase (6.3 × 10⁻⁵) was roughly similar to that of Pfu DNA polymerase (4.8 × 10⁻⁵), but much lower than those of wild-type Neq DNA polymerase (57.2 × 10⁻⁵), Neq A523R DNA polymerase (13.1 × 10⁻⁵), and Neq N540R DNA polymerase (37.7 × 10⁻⁵). These results indicated that A523R and N540R mutations of Neq DNA polymerase had synergistic effects on its fidelity.     

目视化纳米探针检测宫颈癌组织HPV16E6基因的研究

目的：建立目视化纳米探针检测宫颈癌组织HPV16E6基因的方法,为临床降低HPV感染者宫颈癌的发病率提供技术支持。方法：采用固定于硅烷化片基上的捕获探针,特异性结合单链人乳头瘤病毒16型新疆株E6基因(HPV16E6)扩增片断,再与互补的纳米金颗粒标记的探针结合,通过银染加强显色。结果：初步建立了金标银染法快速检测HPV16E6 DNA的技术。结论：金标银染法灵敏,可以快速特异地检测出各类宫颈组织中人乳头瘤病毒的感染,为进一步应用于临床检测降低新疆维吾尔妇女宫颈癌的发病率奠定了基础。     

人脑原发性肿瘤癌基因扩增和重排的研究

作者对52例人脑原发性肿瘤和5例正常人脑DNA中c-myc、L-myc、Nmyc、erbB、c-fos、sis及Ha-ras等七种癌基因的扩增和重排进行了研究,发现多数胶质瘤中有c-myc、L-myc、erbB及c-fos等癌基因的扩增,少数胶质瘤和脑膜瘤中发现myc家族癌基因的限制性酶切区带位置有多态性变化;同时还观察到原发性脑瘤中存在两种或两种以上癌基因的扩增和重排现象。作者对癌基因与人脑原发性肿瘤的关系进行了讨论。     

反向点杂交法快速检测HPV基因型的临床应用

应用反向点杂交法(RDB)的原理,针对HPV 6B, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33和35设计了7条序列作为未标记的特异性寡核苷酸(SSO)探针,分别固定在尼龙膜条上,形成7个点,再与经PCR扩增的样品DNA序列杂交,即可在一个膜条上分辨出这7型HPV中的任一型.此法快速简便,特异性高,不存在假阳性;且因PCR灵敏度高,亦不易出现假阴性.用PCR-RDB法检测保存的宫颈癌组织石蜡包埋标本32例,结果:HPV16阳性22例(68.8%),HPV18阳性5例(15.6%),HPV16/18双重感染2例(6.3%),阴性仅3例(9.3%).     

Sperm Mediated Transfer of Genes into Goldfish and Detection by Polymerase Chain Reaction

Goldfish sperms were mixed with eggs for fertilization after incubation with antifreeze protein gene(AFP)from ocean pout for 30 min.A number of embryos and 145 adult goldfish were obtained.DNA from adult goldfish and embryos was extracted separately.Results of the amplification by PCRand Southern blot molecular hybridization indicate the integration of exogenous antifreeze gene intothe genome of a part of the recipient goldfish.Of the 45 samples detected by PCR,twelve showedpositive reaction with distinct hybridization band.The positive rate was 26%.     

A DNA Vaccine Encoding a Codon-Optimized Human Papillomavirus Type 16 E6 Gene Enhances CTL Response and Anti-tumor Activity

Summary The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 are consistently expressed in HPV-associated cancer cells and are responsible for their malignant transformation. Therefore, HPV E6 and E7 are ideal target antigens for developing vaccines and immunotherapeutic strategies against HPV-associated neoplasms. Recently, it has been demonstrated that codon optimization of the HPV-16 E7 gene resulted in highly efficient translation of E7 and increased the immunogenicity of E7-specific DNA vaccines. Since vaccines targeting E6 also represent an important strategy for controlling HPV-associated lesions, we developed a codon-optimized HPV-16 E6 DNA vaccine (pNGVL4a-E6/opt) and characterized the E6-specific CD8⁺ T cell immune responses as well as the protective and therapeutic anti-tumor effects in vaccinated C57BL/6 mice. Our data indicated that transfection of human embryonic kidney cells (293 cells) with pNGVL4a-E6/opt resulted in highly efficient translation of E6. In addition, vaccination with pNGVL4a-E6/opt significantly enhanced E6-specific CD8⁺ T cell immune responses in C57BL/6 mice. Mice vaccinated with pNGVL4a-E6/opt are able to generate potent protective and therapeutic antitumor effects against challenge with E6-expressing tumor cell line, TC-1. Thus, DNA vaccines encoding a codon-optimized HPV-16 E6 may be a promising strategy for improving the potency of prophylactic and therapeutic HPV vaccines with potential clinical implications.     

p53 and PCNA Expression in Malignant Melanomas of the Head and Neck

Mutation in the p53 tumor suppressor gene is the most common genetic alteration in human cancer. As in mutant p53 the protein is stabilised and the half-life is extended, it becomes detectable by immunohistological staining. p53 immunoreactivity thus seems to be a potential biomarker for the assessment of the oncogenic potential of malignant melanomas. In 103 tissue sections of primary and metastatic malignant melanomas of the head and neck detectable levels of p53 were only found in 3 of the primary tumors and in none of the metastases. At the same time the proliferation status of the malignant melanoma lesions was determined using the cell cycle specific antibody PCNA. 55 primary and metastatic tumors were stained with a PCNA-MAb to determine the proliferation activity of the tumors. The results of our immunohistochemical investigation suggest that immunoreactivity of p53 cannot be used to determine the malignant potential of melanomas in the head and neck. PCNA staining showed that the majority of the tumors and metastases were proliferating rapidly.