A NEW TRAVERSODONTID CYNODONT (THERAPSIDA, EUCYNODONTIA) FROM THE MIDDLE TRIASSIC SANTA MARIA FORMATION OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL

Abstract:  Remains of a peculiar traversodontid cynodont, Protuberum cabralensis gen. et sp. nov., are described herein. The material was collected from two outcrops representing the Therapsid Cenozone (Middle Triassic) of the Santa Maria Formation, and consists of a cranium with most of its dentition preserved and an associated postcranial skeleton. The upper postcanines have two sharp cusps that are connected by a medial crest on unworn postcanines. The specimens possess several autapomorphies, including: (1) presence of thickened bone on the dorsal surface of the skull; (2) thick dorsal ribs, with remarkable processes situated on their dorsal borders that decrease in size distally; and (3) an iliac blade with a series of rugosities along its dorsal border. The lumbar ribs bear overlapping costal plates and have distally projecting rib shafts that differ from the pattern observed in Thrinaxodon , Pascualgnathus and Cynognathus .     

RHYTIDOSTEID TEMNOSPONDYLS IN GONDWANA: A NEW TAXON FROM THE LOWER TRIASSIC OF BRAZIL

Abstract:  A new South American Early Triassic stereospondyl is described and considered to represent a new taxon, Cabralia lavinai gen. et sp. nov. The material consists of two well-preserved skull fragments. According to recent phylogenetic analyses of rhytidosteids and related taxa, the new taxon is referred to the Rhytidosteidae based on the presence of orbits that are located close to the skull margins, an otic notch that is reduced to an embayment, tabular horns that are reduced and broad based, a straight posterior margin of the palate, skull sculpture with nodules and pustules, and a 'twisted' quadrate ramus of the pterygoid. The presence of a prominent lacrimal bone suggests a basal position within Rhytidosteidae for C. lavinai , and possibly a close relationship with the Indian Indobrachyops , because all other known rhytidosteids exhibit the derived condition of an absence of the lacrimal. The presence of a basal rhytidosteid in the Paraná Basin of South America strongly supports previous hypotheses of a Gondwanan origin and radiation of stereospondyl temnospondyls during the Early Triassic, but leaves unresolved the question of where exactly they arose within that region.     

A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF SPHENODONTIAN FROM THE GHOST RANCH COELOPHYSIS QUARRY (UPPER TRIASSIC: APACHEAN), ROCK POINT FORMATION, NEW MEXICO, USA

Abstract: We document here a new taxon of sphenodontian, Whitakersaurus bermani gen. et sp. nov., that is also the most complete sphenodontian fossil from the Upper Triassic Chinle Group in the south‐western USA and the first Chinle sphenodontian represented by more than a single fragmentary dentulous element. The holotype was recovered during preparation of block C‐8‐82 from the famous Coelophysis (Whitaker) quarry at Ghost Ranch, New Mexico, and is the most complete small vertebrate recovered from the quarry. Detailed lithostratigraphy and geologic mapping demonstrate that the Whitaker quarry is in the Rock Point Formation of the Chinle Group, so Whitakersaurus is the first sphenodontian reported from this unit. Records of the phytosaur Redondasaurus at the quarry and elsewhere in the Chinle Group demonstrate that the quarry, and thus Whitakersaurus, is of Apachean (late Norian–Rhaetian) age. The sphenodontian specimen consists of incomplete left and right dentaries, a partial left? maxilla?, and impressions of a probable palatal element, all of which preserve multiple teeth. Whitakersaurus is distinct from other sphenodontians in possessing a unique combination of the following features: marginal dentition pleurodont anteriorly and posteriorly acrodont; pronounced heterodonty in dentary, with as many as 15 smaller, peg‐like teeth anteriorly and several larger, posterior teeth that are conical and striated; faint radial ornamentation of posterior tooth crowns; presence of c. 19 dentary teeth; and absence of a distinct flange on posterior teeth. Numerous other details distinguish it from both more primitive and more derived taxa. Whitakersaurus, therefore, helps to document further mosaic evolution and an extensive diversification event of sphenodontians during Triassic time. Although sphenodontian taxa are relatively easily recognized, widely distributed, and common small‐ or microvertebrate fossils, the long stratigraphic ranges of taxa known from multiple specimens hinders their utility as index fossils with which to correlate strata across Pangaea.     

A NEW SPECIES OF THE SPHENODONTIAN REPTILE CLEVOSAURUS FROM THE LOWER JURASSIC OF SOUTH WALES

Abstract:  Small reptiles from the Early Jurassic Pant 4 fissure fill in Glamorgan, South Wales (St. Bride's Island, Pant Quarry), were formerly provisionally attributed to three species of sphenodontian lepidosaurs. A re-analysis, aided by new material, has found this herpeto-fauna to consist almost exclusively of a single new species, Clevosaurus convallis sp. nov . , with only one specimen referable to Sphenodontia incertae sedis . Clevosaurus is known from the Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic in various parts of the world, but C. convallis represents the first occurrence of the genus in the Jurassic of Britain. The material is fragmentary but includes numerous premaxillae, maxillae, dentaries and palatines, and the new species is distinguished by the unique combination of six large additional dentary teeth and a very short nasal process of the premaxilla, along with the diagnostic Clevosaurus features.     

A NEW RAUISUCHIAN (ARCHOSAURIA, SUCHIA) FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC OF THE ARGANA BASIN, MOROCCO

Abstract:  In the 1970s the Upper Triassic strata of the Argana Basin yielded archosaurian remains that were tentatively attributed to the rauisuchian Ticinosuchus . Restudy of this material together with new remains reveal new anatomical data and show that it in fact belongs to a new taxon, Arganasuchus dutuiti gen. et sp. nov. The systematics of the Rauisuchia are still unresolved; nevertheless, a monophyletic suprageneric group can be defined within the probable non-monophyletic rauisuchians. Arganasuchus dutuiti differs from all adequately known rauisuchians in three autapomorphies: acetabular rim on pubis runs anteroventrally parallel to pubic shift rather than being terminal and perpendicular to it; large contribution of pubis to acetabular depression; palatal process of maxillary low and confluent with interdental crest, rather than separated from it by a large area. The maxilla of Arganasuchus resembles those of Batrachotomus and Fasolasuchus in having a Y-shaped rather than a U-shaped form. As in rauisuchids, Arganasuchus dutuiti has short cervical vertebrae and a dorsal border of the proximal extremity of the pubis that is convex in lateral view. It shares one derived character state with Batrachotomus and Postosuchus (a tear-shaped and anteriorly orientated rugosity on the lateral side of the pubis, lying on a deep, longitudinal depression) and one more derived character state with Batrachotomus (narrow ante-acetabular part of the pubis; hence, the anterior border of the proximal extremity of the pubis is almost contiguous with the actabular rim).     

贵州上三叠统一新的海龙(爬行纲:双孔亚纲)

根据头骨和下颌建立了海龙一新属新种——短吻贫齿龙(Miodentosaurus brevis gen.et sp.nov.)。其正型标本是采自贵州三叠纪法郎组的一具骨架(台中自然科学博物馆标本编号NMNS-004727/F003960)。虽然头后骨胳还没有修理,但是几近完好的头骨和下颌显示出许多与众不同的特征,足以确定该标本代表了一新的海龙属种。短吻贫齿龙是个体较大的海龙,其全长超过4 m,头骨背部最长约为33 cm。吻直且极短是其最显著的特征之一。其他主要特征有:前颌骨沿前背中央有一隆嵴;上颌仅前颌骨有6枚圆锥形齿,无上颌骨齿;上颌骨沿前腹侧缘有一沟槽;下颌齿骨齿都集中在前端且至多不超过6枚。依据上述这些特征很易把短吻贫齿龙与其他已知海龙相区别。短吻贫齿龙头骨顶面松果孔大且很前位,头骨腭面的锄骨和翼骨均无齿,它的颈较长(至少可以辨认出13个颈椎)。这些特征显示短吻贫齿龙可能与包括中国安顺龙属(Anshunsaurus)在内的Askeptosauroidea超科有相近的系统关系。     

中国陆相上三叠统第一个初龙形类动物(英文)

初步研究了山西省永和县桑壁镇铜川组二段产出的两件初龙形类化石标本 (IVPPV1 2 3 78,V 1 2 3 79) ,在此基础上建立了一新属新种———桑壁永和鳄 (Yonghesuchussangbiensisgen .etsp .nov .)。它以下列共存的衍生特征区别于其他初龙形类 (archosauriforms) :1 )吻部前端尖削 ;2 )眶前窝前部具一凹陷 ;3 )眶前窝与外鼻孔间宽 ;4)眶后骨下降突的后 2 / 3宽且深凹 ;5 )基蝶骨腹面有两个凹陷 ;6 )齿骨后背突相当长 ;7)关节骨的反关节区有明显的背脊 ,有穿孔的翼状的内侧突 ,以及指向前内侧向和背向的十分显著的后内侧突。由于缺乏跗骨的形态信息 ,目前很难通过支序分析建立永和鳄的系统发育关系。但可以通过头骨形态来推测永和鳄在初龙形类中的系统位置。永和鳄有翼骨齿 ,这表明它不属于狭义的初龙类 (archosaurians)。其通过内颈动脉脑支的孔位于基蝶骨的前侧面而不是腹面 ,在这点上永和鳄比原鳄龙科 (Proterochampsidae)更进步 ,这表明与后者相比永和鳄和狭义的初龙类的关系可能更近。在中国早期的初龙形类中 ,达坂吐鲁番鳄 (Turfanosuchusdabanensis)与桑壁永和鳄最接近 ,但前者由于内颈动脉脑支的孔腹位而比后者更为原始。根据以上头骨特征以及枢后椎椎体之间间椎体的存在与否 ,推测派克鳄 (Euparkeri     

记陕北子长晚三叠世一新的古鳕类

记述了陕北子长晚三叠世古鳕科（Ｐａｌａｅｏｎｉｓｃｉｄａｅ）一新属新种──子长瓦窑堡鳕（Ｗａｙａｏｂｕｌｅｐｉｓ ｚｉｃｈａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｇｅｎ． ｅｔ ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ．）。其一般形态特征如身体长纺锤形、背鳍基长,后部对着腹鳍和臀鳍之间的空隙、鳍条粗壮、饰缘棘鳞细小、悬挂骨倾斜、鳃盖骨很高大、鳞片小及横列鳞数目多等,与澳大利亚中至晚三叠世的Ｍｙｒｉｏｌｏｐｉｓ很相似,但新属具有吻较尖、背鳍鳍条数目较少、鳞片具有众多的斜嵴、后缘成梳齿状以及具有背嵴鳞等显著特征区别于Ｍｙｒｉｏｌｏｐｉｓ。瓦窑堡鳕在体形、鳍的位置、鳃盖骨高大及鳞片的纹饰等方面也与欧洲中至晚三叠世的 Ｇｙｒｏｌｅｐｉｓ相似,但新属以背鳍基较长、臀鳍基较短、背峪鳞发达及鳍条粗壮等特征区别于Ｇｙｒｏｌｅｐｉｓ。根据瓦窑堡鳕的性质和化石层位的情况,将合鱼化石地层的时代定为晚三叠世。     

贵州关岭上三叠统的楯齿龙类化石

记述的新铺中国豆齿龙（Sinocyamodus xinpuensis gen. et sp. nov.）代表了齿龙目的一新属。这是齿龙类化石在我国的首次发现,也是这类特殊的海生爬行动物在欧洲、北非和中东以外地区的首次记录。标本产自贵州关岭晚三叠世瓦窑组一段的泥晶灰岩中,与鱼龙类、幻龙类及海龙类等多种海生爬行类同时产出。这一化石组合表明,贵州关岭三叠纪海生爬行动物群的性质与西特提斯动物群（wstern-Tethyan fauna）的性质极为相似,这两个地区在晚三叠世早期有广泛的动物交流。     

贵州中三叠世早期幻龙属(Nothosaurus)一新种

作为三叠纪海生爬行动物的重要分子,幻龙属化石主要发现于欧洲、中东和中国西南地区的中三叠世海相地层,且主要集中分布于安尼期晚期和拉丁期晚期(Edinger,1921;Haas,1980;Rieppel,2000)。我国目前已报道的幻龙属化石有两种：杨氏幻龙(Li and Rieppel,2004)和幻龙属未定种(Rieppel,1998),它们均产于贵州省兴义地区的法郎组竹杆坡段,时代为中三叠世拉丁期。最近在贵州省盘县地区关岭组Ⅱ段地层中也发现了数量较多的幻龙骨骼化石,证明中三叠世早期东特提斯区同样生存着幻龙类。鉴于标本的骨骼特征与已知的幻龙属种相比存在一定的差异,因此本文建立一新种Nothosaurus rostellatus sp．nov．(小吻幻龙)。新种的个体在幻龙属种中为中等(头骨中线长210～320mm);吻部短而小,具4个前颌骨獠齿,紧随其后是第5个明显较小的前颌齿;一对上颌骨犬齿之前有6～9个小型上颌齿;眼窝较大,卵圆形,位置相对靠前;内鼻孔的后缘由腭骨构成,具内鼻槽;外翼骨形成腹向凸缘;下颌具冠状突;背椎神经棘较低,背肋肩部明显加厚。N．rostellatus与其他已知种的主要区别特征是吻部形态和比例。新种的吻部较小,长略大于宽,前端钝圆,基部明显收缩,其吻部长度(从吻端至外鼻孔前端的距离)仅占其头骨中线长度的1/6～1/7,而其他种一般占1/4～1/5,具有细长吻部的N．haasi甚至接近1/3。此外,新种吻端-上颞孔前缘距离与吻端-外鼻孔前缘距离的比值也明显高于其他种。N．rostellatus区别于其他幻龙种的另一主要特征是上颌骨牙齿的数目和排列。在已知的幻龙属种中,很少有一对上颌犬齿前的上颌齿数超过5个者。新种正型标本ⅣPPⅤ14294在一对上颌犬齿前具有6个小型锥状上颌齿,它们大小相等,指向腹方。副型标本ⅣPPⅤ14301在一对上颌犬齿前具有9个小型锥状上颌齿。在已知的Nothosaurus中,新种与N．youngi Li & Rieppel,2004和N．marchicus Koken,1893无论是个体大小还是头骨形态均比较接近,如具有相对短而宽的吻部和较短的上颌齿列、相似的鼻骨形态等,与其他种相差较大,因此这里仅对新种与此二种之间的异同做简要的介绍。从头骨的一些具体形态特征看,N．rostellatus的鼻骨后侧方与前额骨相连,阻隔了额骨和上颌骨,该特征与N．youngi相同而不同于N．marchicus,后者鼻骨受额骨与上颌骨的阻隔,不与前额骨相连。如果不考虑鳞骨的外侧分支的宽度,Ⅴ14294和Ⅴ14301与N．youngi的头骨的最宽处均位于轭骨的后端位置,且其宽度为吻部宽度的2．6～3．5倍(其中N．youngi为2．6倍,Ⅴ14294为3倍,Ⅴ14301为3．5倍),而N．marchicus的最宽处位于头骨后部鳞骨的分支处,其轭骨后缘处头骨宽度为吻部宽度的2～2．8倍(Rieppel and Wild,1996,fig．36,41)。此外,N．rostellatus外翼骨形成腹向突起和下颌具冠状突的特点也与N．youngi相同,N．marchicus不具有该特征。另一方面,N．rostellatus的枕部特征则与N．marchicus接近而不同于N．youngi。新种的枕部内凹,枕骨侧边的后耳骨等向后侧部延伸,下颌关节在头骨后部位于枕髁之后,该枕部特征与N．marchicus一致。N．youngi的下颌关节与枕髁基本位于一个平面内,因此枕部未形成明显的内凹。新种的眼眶与上颞孔之间的距离相对较宽,其中V 14294眼眶与上颞孔之间的距离与外鼻孔与眼眶之间的距离接近相等,而V 14301眼眶与上颞孔之间的距离大于外鼻孔与眼眶之间的距离。此特征也与N．marchicus相同而不同于N．youngi,前者眼眶与上颞孔之间的距离与外鼻孔与眼眶之间的距离相等,后者的眶后弓很窄,其眼眶与上颞孔之间的距离小于外鼻孔与眼眶之间的距离的1/2。N．rostellatus鼻骨的左右两前突分别伸至两外鼻孔的前缘内侧,位置与N．marchicus相同,而N．youngi鼻骨前突仅伸至外鼻孔内侧缘的中部。N．rostellatus前颌骨的背突向后伸至外鼻孔后缘之后,接近鼻骨的后缘,而N．youngi仅伸至外鼻孔后缘中间部位。除前文所述新种两个主要鉴定特征外,N．rostellatus又以具有内鼻槽,翼骨前伸至内鼻槽附近等特征与该已知二种相区别。此外,新种前颌骨具外侧支突起,其他种该特征多不明显,如N．jagisteus不存在前颌骨外侧支突起,其前颌骨在外鼻孔的前外侧缘沿前外侧方向与上颌骨相交(Rieppel,2001)。从地理分布和地层层位看,N．marchicus主要分布于欧洲中部的中三叠统安尼阶,而N．youngi则分布于我国贵州南部的中三叠统拉丁阶。本文描述的化石产于贵州南部关岭组Ⅱ段,其时代应相当于中三叠世晚安尼期。N．rostellatus与分布于欧洲的同时期的幻龙N．marchicus以及与在其后约7～8Ma相邻地区出现的M．youngi的亲缘关系的远近可能还需要更深入的研究来证实。     

贵州兴义中三叠统法郎组竹杆坡段Lariosaurus一新种

记述了贵州兴义法郎组竹杆坡段鸥龙的一新种──兴义鸥龙(Ｌａｒｉｏｓａｕｒｕｓ ｘｉｎｇｙｉｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．)。兴义鸥龙以其上颞孔是眼眶长度的两倍,顶骨平台细长而不收缩,肱骨缺失外髁沟和旋后肌突,及肱骨短于股骨而有别于鸥龙的其他种。兴义鸥龙与意大利拉丁晚期的Ｌａｒｉｏｓａｕｒｎｓｖａｌｃｅｒｅｓｉｉ最为相似。依据脊椎动物的对比,法郎组竹杆坡段的时代应为中三叠世晚期。     

UBERABATITAN RIBEIROI, A NEW TITANOSAUR FROM THE MARÍLIA FORMATION (BAURU GROUP, UPPER CRETACEOUS), MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL

Abstract:  A new Late Cretaceous titanosaur sauropod from the Bauru Basin of Brazil, Uberabatitan ribeiroi gen. et sp. nov., represented by at least three specimens, is described. The material comes from a level of coarse sandstone within the Serra da Galga sequence in Uberaba County, Minas Gerais State. The fossiliferous strata belong to the Marília Formation (Serra da Galga Member), Bauru Group, considered to be Maastrichtian in age. The fossils occur in the uppermost levels of the above-mentioned unit; thus, Uberabatitan ribeiroi is the youngest titanosaur to have been recorded from the Bauru Basin. The autapomorphies that support the new species are: (1) anterior and mid-cervicals with postzygodiapophyseal lamina (podl) segmented in zygapophyseal and diapophyseal laminae, of which the first extends rostrodorsally over the second; (2) mid-dorsals with a robust lateral lamina formed mainly by a diapophyseal lamina (probably homologous to the postzygodiapophyseal lamina), and, to a lesser extent, by a relic of the spinodiapophyseal lamina (spdl); (3) mid (and probably posterior) dorsals with accessory neural laminae, which are lateral to the prespinal lamina, and probably homologous to the spinoprezygapophyseal laminae (sprl); (4) mid-caudal centra with deeply excavated lateral faces; (5) pubis very thick and robust, with a very stout longitudinal crest on its external (ventral) face; and (6) proximal end of the tibia with a prominent lateral protuberance, which articulates with an equally prominent medial knob of the fibula. The titanosaurian assemblage at Uberaba includes, apart from U. ribeiroi , well-preserved specimens assigned to species of uncertain affinities ( Trigonosaurus pricei and Baurutitan britoi ), as well as a few vertebrae assigned to aeolosaurines.     

贵州关岭晚三叠世一大型鱼龙类头骨

记述了产自贵州关岭上三叠统杯椎鱼龙属一新种——亚洲杯椎鱼龙(Cymbospondylusasiaticus sp. nov)。标本为两件几乎完整的头骨,产于法朗组瓦窑段的泥质灰岩中,这是目前已知惟一的晚三叠世(Cymbospondylus属的标本,也是该属时代最晚的一个种。亚洲杯椎鱼龙头部最明显的特征是下颌牙齿仅分布于齿骨的前半部分。此外,新种的吻部极长,超过头骨全长之半,上颌骨非常发达,并且具有已知鱼龙类中最小的眼眶。亚洲杯椎鱼龙是这一大型鱼龙类在北美和欧洲以外地区的首次记录。     

陕西中三叠世中蝎蛉科两新属和新种(昆虫纲,长翅目)

记述中蝎蛉科Mesopanorpodidae 2新属、新种：Triassochoristites jinsuoguanensis gen．et sp．nov．,Forcinerva tongchuanensis gen．et sp．nov．化石标本采自陕西铜川中三叠世铜川组下段上部的灰绿色泥岩和页岩。这些新属、种系陕西昆虫群(陕西生物群的一个类别)铜川昆虫组合的新成员。铜川组的时代相当于欧洲拉丁尼期(Ladinian Stagc)。     

中国陕西铜川中三叠世二叠澳蝎蛉科新属新种(昆虫纲,长翅目)

记述中国陕西铜川中三叠世1新属和1新种。化石采自铜川中三叠世铜川组下段上部灰绿色泥页岩。根据脉序特征,新属、新种应归于二叠澳蝎岭科Permochoristidae,新属种的名称为Qingochorista conjunctiva gen.et sp．nov．,属于陕西昆虫群(系中三叠世陕西生物群的一个化石门类)铜川昆虫组合的新成员。时代相当于欧洲拉丁尼期(Ladinian Stagc)。     

A NEW TITANOSAUR FROM WESTERN SÃO PAULO STATE, UPPER CRETACEOUS BAURU GROUP, SOUTH-EAST BRAZIL

Abstract: Material from a new titanosaur from the Bauru Basin (Bauru Group), Brazil is described and compared with well‐known titanosaurs. Adamantisaurus mezzalirai gen. et sp. nov. is based on six articulated anterior caudal vertebrae and two haemapophyses collected from the Adamantina Formation, which is considered to be Campanian–Maastrichtian? in age. Adamantisaurus mezzalirai is characterized by the following combination of characteristics: anterior caudal vertebrae with straight or slightly backwardly‐projecting neural spines with strongly expanded distal ends, stout prespinal lamina, very wide pre‐ and postzygapophyseal articular facets, and concave postzygapophyseal articular facets on anterior caudal vertebrae. Although our cladistic analysis has produced equivocal results, Adamantisaurus mezzalirai shares with DGM ‘Series B’ (Peirópolis titanosaur) and Aeolosaurus the presence of postzygapophyses with concave articular facets, and shares with DGM ‘Series B’ the presence of laterally expanded neural spines and stout prespinal lamina. Additionally, A. mezzalirai shares with DGM ‘Series’ C (other titanosaur from Peirópolis) the presence of short neural spines.     

SOLNHOFEN-STYLE SOFT-TISSUE PRESERVATION IN A NEW SPECIES OF TURTLE FROM THE CRATO FORMATION (EARLY CRETACEOUS, APTIAN) OF NORTH-EAST BRAZIL

Abstract:  The partial, articulated skeleton of a pleurodiran turtle from the Nova Olinda Member of the Crato Formation (Araripe Basin) of north-east Brazil displays an impression of the outline of the soft tissues surrounding the left hind limb. The external mould of the soft tissue surface preserves only the gross morphology of the limb although the outline of the limb is well defined. It appears to be an external mould of the limb's surface, which formed prior to the decay of the integument. The limb skeleton is mostly fully articulated. This style of preservation is comparable with the mouldic preservation found in such famous fossils as the feathered Archaeopteryx specimens of the Solnhofen limestone. Although soft-tissue preservation is occasionally encountered in the Crato Formation, this is the first documented occurrence of mouldic preservation of body outline reported for this Konservat-Lagerstätten. The new specimen is referred to the pelomedusoid Araripemys and represents a new species, A. arturi sp. nov., which is described here.     

A NEW BASAL PTEROSAUR GENUS FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC OF THE NORTHERN CALCAREOUS ALPS OF SWITZERLAND

Abstract:  A lower jaw with multicusped teeth and a number of unique characteristics was discovered in an extensive exposure of the Upper Triassic Kössen Formation in the Northern Calcareous Alps. The ramus of the jaw is high and dominated by a row of large, oval foramina that lies parallel to the tooth row. In addition, the anterior portion of the dentary exhibits a large number of nutritive foramina and small pits, which might indicate an association with a soft tissue structure and/or the presence of a keratinous cover of that area during life. All elements of the jaw are thin-walled and hollow, possibly pneumatic. Two teeth are preserved within the dentary. One is tricuspid and the other bears four cuSPS. The teeth are noticeably small in comparison with the overall size of the ramus, being only one-third of the height of the ramus. The teeth show a strong similarity to those of the well-known basal pterosaur genus Eudimorphodon , whose jaw morphology, however, clearly differs from the specimen described in this study. The dentition and the pneumatic bone structure make an assignment to the Pterosauria plausible. Based on the great number of distinct morphological characters the specimen is described as Caviramus schesaplanensis gen. et sp. nov.     

贵州中三叠世长颈龙属(原龙目:长颈龙科)一幼年个体

记述了贵州兴义法郎组竹杆坡段（中三叠世拉丁期）长颈龙属未定种（Tanystropheus sp．）一幼年个体的不完整骨架。这是该属在欧洲和中东以外的首次发现。新材料仅保存部分颈椎、躯干和前肢。根据特殊的颈椎形态将该标本归入长颈龙属,而区别于另一种长颈的海生原龙类——东方恐头龙（Dinocephalosaurus orientalis）。新标本的腕骨形态简单,骨化程度弱,表明长颈龙是终生水生的动物。“长颈、长颈肋”见于多种不同海生爬行动物（如原龙类、初龙类）,它们很可能都以“吞吸”的方式捕食。长颈龙化石在我国的发现进一步验证了中国南方三叠纪海生爬行动物群与欧洲西特提斯动物群（western Tethyan fauna）之间的密切关系。