Ataxin-3融合蛋白表达、纯化及抗血清的制备

目的:表达GST-ataxin-3-N融合蛋白并制备GST-ataxin-3特异性抗体,为深入研究其功能及其在SCA3发病机制中的作用提供重要的技术和材料保障.方法:将人ataxin-3氨基端基因克隆入原核表达载体pGEX-4T-2,在大肠杆菌(E.coli)BL21中表达,用Glutathione sepharose4B凝胶亲和柱纯化目的蛋白.利用纯化的GST-ataxin-3-N蛋白制备多克隆抗体.结果:成功构建了原核表达载体,得到高表达量的融合蛋白,经亲和层析柱纯化获得较高纯度的GST-ataxin-3-N融合蛋白.以融合蛋白免疫新西兰兔得到Ataxin-3-N多克隆抗体,Western Blotting及免疫荧光均证实该抗体能够识别Ataxin-3-myc蛋白,具有较高特异性.结论:利用原核表达人GST-ataxin-3-N融合蛋白制备的Ataxin-3多克隆抗体具有较好的特异性,可用于该蛋白的相关研究.     

拟南芥WUSCHEL蛋白的原核表达、亲和纯化和多克隆抗体制备

本研究构建了带有His标签的拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)WUSCHEL基因原核表达载体pET-31b(+)-WUS-His(6),优化了大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)诱导表达体系,将亲和层析纯化后的WUS融合蛋白,经尿素梯度透析复性溶解,免疫新西兰大白兔,成功制备了WUS蛋白多克隆抗体。通过琼脂糖免疫扩散检测确定了抗血清效价和特异性,并以斑点杂交和Western blotting检验其灵敏性。结果表明,成功构建的拟南芥WUS原核表达载体,在E.coli中以0.5mmol/L异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)28°C诱导表达10h后,融合蛋白得到高水平表达,亲和纯化后目标蛋白纯度达96%以上,所制备的多克隆抗体具有较高特异性和灵敏性,可用来检测纳克级蛋白抗原。     

gcm蛋白的表达、纯化及多克隆抗体的制备

gcm(glial cells missing)是调控神经元细胞和神经胶质细胞相互转化的一个基因开关.在gcm功能缺损的突变体中,预期的神经胶质细胞发育成神经元细胞;而在gcm过表达的突变体中,预期的神经元细胞转化为神经胶质细胞.此外,gcm还调控血浆细胞发育.为了进一步研究gcm在发育中的功能,需要获得gcm蛋白并制备其抗体.根据已报道的gcm基因序列,以果蝇cDNA文库为模板进行PCR扩增得到gcm部分编码区序列,然后将其连接到pET-28a载体以获得原核表达载体.重组载体经酶切测序鉴定确认后,转化大肠杆菌(E.coli)BL21,并用IPTG诱导融合蛋白表达.采用Ni-IDA凝胶柱亲和纯化蛋白,将纯化的His-gcm融合蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体,并用Western Blot检测抗体效价.获得的gcm原核表达重组融合蛋白及高效价的特异性兔抗gcm多克隆抗体,为gcm功能的进一步研究奠定了基础.     

粗糙脉孢菌ERG-11蛋白抗原的原核表达、纯化及其多克隆抗体制备

构建p ET-28a(+)-ERG-11重组质粒,表达6×His-ERG-11融合蛋白,制备ERG-11多克隆抗体。采用PCR技术扩增目的片段,插入p ET-28a(+)原核表达载体,并转入E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态表达融合蛋白,融合蛋白经亲和纯化及分子筛纯化后免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体,取血清后,采用间接ELISA法和Western blot法检测多克隆抗体的效价及特异性。成功构建了p ET-28a(+)-ERG-11表达载体,SDS-PAGE电泳显示成功诱导出以包涵体形式存在的6×His-ERG-11融合蛋白,两步纯化后得到纯度较高的抗原,间接ELISA法显示制备的多克隆抗体效价达到1∶512 000,Western blot显示具有较高特异性。成功实现了粗超脉孢菌ERG-11蛋白的原核表达,制备出一支兔抗粗超脉孢菌ERG-11的多克隆抗体。     

斑马鱼心脏发育候选基因Pygo1多克隆抗体的制备及检测

Pygo1是心脏发育候选基因,可能在斑马鱼心脏发育过程中起着重要的调控作用.利用生物信息学选择斑马鱼Pygo1基因抗原亲水区,将扩增出的PCR片段克隆到原核表达pGEMT-4T-1载体中,转入E.coli中后通过IPTG(Isopropylβ-D-thiogalactoside)分别诱导表达GST融合蛋白.蛋白经纯化分离后用于免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体.用Western Blot检测抗体的效价和特异性.     

果蝇凋亡蛋白Strica的原核表达、多克隆抗体的制备及在放线菌酮诱导下的激活状态检测

【目的】细胞凋亡是真核生物中保守的细胞程序化死亡,由蛋白酶caspase介导。Strica是果蝇Drosophila中一个特殊的caspase,至今未有其商品化抗体且生化功能未知。本研究旨在通过克隆、原核表达纯化果蝇Strica蛋白并制备其多克隆抗体来初步研究其功能。【方法】根据果蝇Strica的基因序列构建原核表达载体并转化至大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,表达Strica蛋白;将表达纯化后的Strica蛋白免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体;通过间接ELISA和Western blot分别测定抗体效价和灵敏度;利用前期构建的过表达载体pAc5-V5-Strica进行转染果蝇S2细胞,设计合成siRNA进行RNAi验证该抗体的特异性;利用该抗体通过免疫荧光实验检测Strica在果蝇S2细胞中的亚细胞定位;利用该抗体通过Western blot实验探究放线菌酮(10 μg/mL)处理后果蝇S2细胞中Strica蛋白的激活状态。【结果】获得了果蝇Strica重组蛋白;ELISA检测Strica抗体的效价大于1∶25 600;Western blot鉴定该抗体在1∶10 000的稀释度下能与重组蛋白反应;该抗体可以检测到S2细胞中过表达以及内源性Strica蛋白;Strica蛋白在S2细胞质中呈现散点分布;放线菌酮介导Strica蛋白的切割激活。【结论】成功制备了兔抗果蝇Strica多克隆抗体。Strica响应凋亡刺激物放线菌酮激活,推测Strica参与果蝇的细胞凋亡过程。本研究为进一步深入研究Strica的功能奠定了实验基础。     

果蝇心脏发育标记基因lbe的多克隆抗体制备

lbe是已经证明的心脏标记基因。为了深入研究lbe在心脏发育中的功能,需要获得lbe蛋白并制备其抗体。首先提取野生型成体果蝇的总RNA,反转录获得其cDNA文库,通过PCR克隆出lbe编码区序列,将其连接到pET-28a原核表达载体上。经酶切及测序鉴定后,质粒构建成功。将重组质粒（pET-28a-lbe）转化大肠杆菌菌株Rosseta,用IPTG诱导表达出融合蛋白,经Ni-IDA凝胶柱纯化后,最后将纯化的融合蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔制备lbe多克隆抗体,并用Western blotting检测抗体的效价和特异性。结果显示获得了lbe原核表达重组融合蛋白及高效价的特异性兔抗lbe多克隆抗体,为lbe功能的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

小鼠Prune蛋白DHH结构域的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

[目的]表达、纯化小鼠Prune蛋白DHH结构域(m-Prune D),并制备多克隆抗体。[方法]生物信息学方法分析m-Prune D氨基酸序列;PCR扩增目的基因m-Prune D,克隆入原核表达载体p ET28a(+);IPTG诱导目的基因表达,SDS-PAGE和Western Blot鉴定蛋白表达,亲和层析法纯化蛋白;用纯化的重组m-Prune D免疫小鼠制备多克隆抗体;Western Blot检测多克隆抗体特异性。[结果]PCR成功扩增m-Prune D基因,双酶切及测序结果表明成功构建m-Prune D原核表达载体,SDS-PAGE和Western Blot鉴定表明成功表达约25 k Da的重组蛋白。纯化蛋白免疫小鼠后抗体滴度最高可达1∶25 600,所制备的多克隆抗体可特异性识别原核和真核细胞中DHH结构域蛋白。[结论]在E.coli中成功表达小鼠Prune蛋白DHH结构域,制备了多克隆抗体血清,可用于Prune蛋白生物学功能的进一步研究。     

SDHB蛋白的表达、纯化及多克隆抗体制备

SDHB(succinate dehydrogenage complex,subunit B)基因可能介导呼吸链生物功能和调控细胞生长.采用PCR技术扩增出SDHB基因,并将其连接到pGEX-4T-1原核表达载体中,经酶切及测序鉴定后,转化BL21细菌,并用IPTG诱导表达融合蛋白,谷胱甘肽琼脂糖珠亲和纯化,将纯化的融合蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体,并用Western blot检测抗体.获得了SDHB原核表达重组融合蛋白及高效价的特异性兔抗SDHB多克隆抗体,为SDHB进一步的功能研究奠定了基础.     

斑马鱼心脏发育标记基因Wnt11的多克隆抗体制备

Wnt11为Wnt家族的成员,是参与Wnt信号途径调控的转录因子,对心脏的正常发育起着非常重要的作用.根据已报道的Wnt11基因序列,通过RT-PCR从斑马鱼心脏组织中得到Wnt11部分编码区序列,将其连接到pGEX-4T-1原核表达载体上.经酶切及测序鉴定后,质粒构建成功,将重组质粒(pGEX-4T-Wnt11)转化E.coli BL2l,通过IPTG诱导表达出融合蛋白,采用谷胱甘肽琼脂糖珠亲和纯化.将纯化的融合蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体,并用Western Blot检测抗体的效价和特异性.结果显示,获得了Wnt11原核表达重组融合蛋白及高效价的特异性兔抗Wnt11多克隆抗体,为Wnt11功能的进一步研究奠定了基础.     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism