中国星齿蛉属二新种记述(广翅目:齿蛉科)

本文报道中国星齿蛉属Protohermes van der Weele(广翅目:齿蛉科:齿蛉亚科)2新种:梯星齿蛉Protohermes trapezius sp.nov.和武夷山星齿蛉Protohermes wuyishanicus sp.nov..新种因翅无斑及扁平、瓣状雄肛上板而属于大卫星齿蛉种团.编制了大卫星齿...     

陕西的齿蛉(广翅目:齿蛉科)

一.东方巨齿蛉Acanthacorydalis orientalis(Machachlan) 体长51—83mm;前翅长70—81mm,后翅长60—70mm。 头部呈黑褐色,头顶具黄黑相间的网状纹;单眼前有一横向的黄斑,单眼后有二卵形黄斑,头前侧角呈黄色。头顶明显呈方形,有一对齿状突,头顶侧缘各有一刺状突。口器呈浅褐色,雄性上颚极发达,其基半部内缘有1大齿,端半部内缘有2小齿,胸部呈黑褐色,前胸长明显大于宽,具不规则的黄斑;前胸腹面前缘有2小黄斑,两侧也各有2黄     

越南北部齿蛉及鱼蛉种类纪要（广翅目：齿蛉科）

基于近3年意大利佛罗伦萨大学与越南国家自然博物馆联合考察采集的标本,记述越南北部齿蛉科4属18种,包括6个越南新记录种:普通齿蛉Neoneuromus ignobilis Navás,1932、东方齿蛉N.orientalis Liu&Yang,2004、锡金齿蛉N.sikkimensis(van der Weele,1907)、广西星齿蛉Protohermesguangxiensis Yang&Yang,1986、台湾斑鱼蛉Neochauliodes formosanus(Okamoto,1910)和污翅斑鱼蛉N.fraternus(McLachlan,1869)。     

东秦岭地区齿突蟾属一新种记述（两栖纲：角蟾科）

2020年5月在洛阳市嵩县白云山国家森林公园玉皇顶林场（33°38′37″N,111°50′01″E,海拔1 882 m）采集到齿突蟾属（Scutiger）物种9号标本,经形态特征比较及线粒体COI和Cyt b基因联合构建的齿突蟾属部分物种系统发育树显示,采集到的齿突蟾标本系一新种,命名为华夏齿突蟾Scutiger feiliangi Zhou, Guan and Shi, sp. nov.。其主要鉴别特征为：1）体型中等,雄性体长45.7～50.2 mm,雌性体长48.9～51.5 mm;2）头宽略大于头长,鼓膜不显;3）前臂及手长略超过体长之半,后肢较短;4）背面粗糙,布满疣粒;5）指间无蹼,趾间微蹼;6）具两对胸腺,外侧者略小于内侧;7）背部有4行断续排列的纵行肤褶;8）肛周有多个近圆形腺体。同时,对新种华夏齿突蟾的生物学特性进行描述。     

齿突蟾属某些种的多态现象

本文报道某些锄足蟾科Pelobatidae动物的多态现象。讨论了同域或不同域的四种齿突蟾Scuti-ger,即刺胸齿突蟾S. mammatus(Guenther)、胸腺齿突蟾S. glandulatus(Liu)、木里齿突蟾S. mulicnsis Fei et Ye和皱纹齿突蟾S. ruginosus Zhao et jiang的皮肤瘰疣、第二性征等性状;用薄层等电聚焦电泳方法分析了同域三种齿突蟾的晶体蛋白。结果表明:前三种是有效种;后一种,即皱纹齿突蟾分别是前三种的多态性变体;这些变体以相同性状(即皮肤多瘭疣)同时表现在三个种中的现象,属于平行多态现象。     

五种齿突蟾在横断山南潜在地理分布预测

由于栖息地质量下降,近年来齿突蟾属物种种群数量急剧减少,明确齿突蟾属物种空间分布,是监测、管理、保护齿突蟾属物种的基础。横断山区可能是齿突蟾属的起源中心和分化中心,但齿突蟾属在横断山区的地理分布格局尚不明确。利用优化后Maxent模型,首次预测西藏齿突蟾Scutiger boulengeri、刺胸齿突蟾Scutiger mammatus、胸腺齿突蟾Scutiger glandulatus、圆疣齿突蟾Scutiger tuberculatus、贡山齿突蟾Scutiger gongshanensis 5种高海拔齿突蟾属物种在横断山南生物多样性保护优先区域的潜在地理分布,并分析其与环境因子的关系。结果显示,5种齿突蟾属物种在横断山南的潜在地理分布格局存在差异,西藏齿突蟾主要分布在横断山南的北部,圆疣齿突蟾主要分布在横断山南东北部的四川省境内,贡山齿突蟾主要分布在横断山南的西南部,刺胸齿突蟾和胸腺齿突蟾的潜在分布格局较为相似,在横断山南的中部、西北部地区都有较多分布,但胸腺齿突蟾潜在分布区更为碎片化。另外,横断山南北部地区的齿突蟾属丰富度明显高于南部地区。环境变量贡献率和刀切法结果显示温度因子和降水因子是决定横断山南齿突蟾属潜在分布的主要因素,最冷季降水量对西藏齿突蟾、贡山齿突蟾、圆疣齿突蟾潜在分布有重要影响,但它们对最冷季降水量的偏好存在差异。此外,研究也显示,通过评估潜在的Maxent参数组合,选择最佳的Maxent模型是有效且必要的。     

内蒙古齿爪盲蝽属昆虫常见种类检索表

<正> 齿爪盲昃属Deraeocoris Kirschbaum昆虫属半翅目异翅亚目(Hemiptera-Heteroptera)盲蝽科(Miridae)。体小至大型,椭圆形,光亮,体背面和前胸背板具明显的刻点;头小,触角短于体长,第3、4节较第2节细;前胸背板领明显;爪具基齿或基突,不具爪垫,副爪间突呈刚毛状;雄性右抱器小,左抱器大呈镰刀状等特征易与盲蝽科其它类群相区别。体色及体上色斑在不同种间变异较大,同种内也有一定差别,故鉴别较难。     

宁陕齿突蟾蝌蚪的生物学特性

齿突蟾属(ScutigerTheobald,1868)包括齿突蟾亚属(ScutigerDubois,1980)和猫眼蟾亚属(AelurophryneFei,Ye and Li,1989),前者已知有10种,后者7种(费梁等,2005)。在我国有8种齿突蟾亚属物种分布于我国西南和青藏高原及周边地区,其中发现于陕西省宁陕县平河梁的宁陕齿突蟾(S·ningshanensis)是分布最东北的特有珍稀物种。尽管经过20多年来的多次采集,至今仅获得模式和配模标本,对其生物学特性了解甚少(方荣盛,1985;梁刚等,1989;费梁,1999),为这一珍稀齿突蟾的保护带来很大困难。蝌蚪是无尾两栖动物生命史中的一个重要时期,大约有四分之三…     

丽虫齿科在中国和越南首次发现及背突丽虫齿的重新描述（虫齿目：虫齿亚目）

首次报道丽虫齿科Calopsocidae在中国及越南的分布，并记述该科1中国及越南新记录种：背突丽虫齿Calopsocus infelix (Hagen)。该种头橘红色，胸部黄褐色，腹部紫色。翅宽，微革质，两面均布满毛。雌虫生殖突发达，外瓣具刚毛。     

中国叉草蛉属三新种记述(脉翅目,草蛉科)

记述了草蛉科Chrysopidae叉草蛉属Dichochrysa 3新种.1窄带叉草蛉,新种Dichochrysa angustivittata sp.nov.正模♂,江西上饶,1978-05-30,杨集昆采(存中国农业大学昆虫标本室).新种与Dichochrysa kiangsuensis(Navas,1934)相似,但后者颜面无斑,胸背两侧黄褐色,前翅所有的横脉黑褐色,雄性外生殖器也与新种有较大差异.2脊背叉草蛉,新种Dichochrysa carinata sp.nov.正模♂,陕西宁陕火地塘,1 580 m,1998-07-14,袁德成采(存中国科学院动物研究所昆虫标本室).新种与其相似种Dichochrysa prasina(Burmeister,1839)的差别:后者触角之间具中斑,颊斑小;胸背淡绿色,具浅褐色斑点;径横脉、Rs脉的基部及分支脉的部分或全部以及阶脉都为黑色;雄性外生殖器与新种较为相似,但在殖弧叶两侧端部的宽窄、殖弧梁的形状等方面有明显区别.3芒康叉草蛉,新种Dichochrysa mangkangensis sp.nov.正模♂,西藏芒康盐井,1976-06-05,韩寅恒采(存中国科学院动物研究所昆虫标本室).新种与Dichochrysa yuxianensis(Bian et Li,1992)相似,但后者颜面有2对角下斑,颚唇须黑褐色,前胸背板绿色;伪阳茎、内突和殖下片也与新种有较大差异.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.