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1.
Katsuaki Hoshino Takeshi Shimizu Yutaka Sendai Tatsuo Harumi Norio Suzuki 《Development, growth & differentiation》1992,34(4):403-411
We examined the effects of two egg jelly components, a fucose sulfate glycoconjugate (FSG) and sperm-activating peptide I (SAP-I: Gly-Phe-Asp-Leu-Asn-Gly-Gly-Gly-Val-Gly), on the intracellular pH (pHi ) and Ca2+ ([Ca2+ ]i ) of spermatozoa of the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus . FSG and/or SAP-I induced elevations of [Ca2+ ]; and pHi in the spermatozoa at pH 8.0. At pH 8.0, a second addition of FSG did not induced further elevation of the [Ca2+ ]i or pHi of spermatozoa treated with FSG, but addition or FSG after SAP-I or of SAP-I after FSG induced further increases of [Ca2+ ]i and pHi , At pH 6.6, FSG and/or SAP-I did not induce significant elevation of the [Ca2+ ]i , although SAP-I elevated the pHi , its half-maximal effective concentration being 10 to 100 pM. At pH 8.0, tetraethyl-ammonium, a voltage-sensitive K+ -channel blocker, inhibited induction of the acrosome reaction and elevations of [Ca2+ ]i and pHi by FSG, but did not affect those by SAP-I. These results suggest that FSG and SAP-I activate different Ca2+ and H+ transport systems. 相似文献
2.
MASAAKI YAMAGUCHI TOSHIAKI NIWA MASANORI KURITA NORIO SUZUKI 《Development, growth & differentiation》1988,30(2):159-167
A speract-free macromolecular fraction was prepared from the egg jelly of the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus by gel filtration and tested for ability to induce the acrosome reaction in H. pulcherrimus spermatozoa with or without exogenously added synthetic speract. The macromolecular fraction without speract showed only about half the activity of the original unfractionated jelly for induction of the acrosome reaction. The rates of the acrosome reaction induced by the fraction with speract were comparable with those induced by the unfractionated jelly at all pHs tested. Speract itself, however, did not induce the acrosome reaction in the absence of the macromolecular fraction of jelly. The acrosome reaction was associated with incerase of the cyclic AMP concentration in sperm cells, the extent of incerase depending on the concentration of the macromolecular fraction. Addition of speract to the fraction enhanced both induction of the acrosome reaction and increase in the cyclic AMP concentration induced by the fraction. These results suggest that a major factor(s) responsible for the acrosome reaction is a macromolecular component(s) of the jelly and that speract promotes the reaction as a co-factor. 相似文献
3.
Tatsuo Harumi Katsuaki Hoshino Norio Suzuki 《Development, growth & differentiation》1992,34(2):163-172
The effects of sperm-activating peptide I (SAP-I: Gly-Phe-Asp-Leu-Asn-Gly-Gly-Gly-Val-Gly) on Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus spermatozoa in high [K+ ] sea water were examined. In high [K+ ] sea water, the respiration rates and motility of H. pulcherrimus spermatozoa were lower than those in normal sea water. SAP-I did not stimulate the lowered respiration rate or motility, although the peptide bound to the spermatozoa as it does in normal sea water. SAP-I elevated the sperm cGMP level in 100 mM K+ sea water (from 0.37 to 4.81 pmol/mg wet weight spermatozoa) more than those in normal sea water (from 0.21 to 0.93 pmol/mg wet weight). A phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) and SAP-I synergistically elevated the cGMP level from 0.35 to 33.08 pmol/mg wet weight in 100 mM K+ sea water. However, in high [K+ ] sea water, SAP-I did not increase the cAMP level even in the presence of IBMX. SAP-I caused rapid, transient elevation of the intracellular pH and Ca2+ concentration of spermatozoa in normal sea water but not in 100mM K+ sea water. SAP-I did not decrease the apparent molecular weight of sperm guanylate cyclase from 131,000 to 128,000 in high [K+ ] sea water. These results suggest that the SAP-I-induced elevation of the cGMP level in sea urchin spermatozoa occurs before or independently of membrane hyperpolarization induced by the opening of K+ channels. 相似文献
4.
Induction of the Acrosome Reaction in Starfish 总被引:7,自引:6,他引:1
TAEI MATSUI ICHIRO NISHIYAMA AKIYA HINO MOTONORI HOSHI 《Development, growth & differentiation》1986,28(4):339-348
In the starfish, Asterias amurensis , at least two distinct components of the egg jelly are required for inducing the acrosome reaction: a sulfated glycoprotein named acrosome reaction-inducing substance (ARIS) and a diffusible organic substance(s) named Co-ARIS. The following evidence suggested that ARIS and Co-ARIS cooperatively activate CA-channels of the sperm plasma membrane and eventually induce dramatic changes in sperm morphology, the acrosome reaction. 1) Pronase digest of ARIS (P-ARIS) and Co-ARIS, either as a pure or a crude preparation (Fraction M8 ), were fully effective in combination for induction of the acrosome reaction in normal sea water, although they were not effective individually. P- ARIS alone induced the acrosome reaction fully in high Ca2+ sea water and markedly at high pHs, whereas Fraction M8 alone did not induce the reaction even in these conditions. The reaction was not induced by increase in either the Ca2+ concentration or the pH of sea water, but was markedly induced in the absence of jelly components by raising both the pH and Ca2+ concentration together. 2) The ionophore A23187 induced the acrosome reaction appreciably when present alone and fully in the presence of monensin or Fraction M8 . Monesin alone was ineffective. 3) The jelly or a combination of ARIS and Fraction M8 caused abrupt Ca2+ -uptake by the sperm. The Ca-channel blockers verapamil and diltiazem inhibited the jelly-induced acrosome reaction. 相似文献
5.
TAEI MATSUI ICHIRO NISHIYAMA AKIYA HINO MOTONORI HOSHI 《Development, growth & differentiation》1986,28(4):349-357
Previous studies indicated that two components of the egg jelly are required for induction of the acrosome reaction in starfish: a sulfated glycoprotein called acrosome reaction-inducing substance (ARIS) and a diffusible organic substance(s) called Co-ARIS. In the present study the sites of action of ARIS and Co-ARIS and their temporal relationships were examined. When sperm had been treated for a few minutes with ARIS, or a crude preparation of Co-ARIS (Fraction M8 ), or inadequate amounts of jelly, or sufficient jelly in low Ca2+ sea water, they did not undergo the acrosome reaction when the deficiencies were corrected. Moreover, they became nonresponsive to the jelly. Pronase digest of ARIS (P-ARIS) but not of Fraction M8 retained this capacity. A steroidal saponin purified as Co-ARIS did not have this capacity. This suggests the presence of a third jelly component, probably an oligopeptide(s), participating in induction of the acrosome reaction. Activation of Ca2+ -uptake seems to be at least one, if not the only, action site of ARIS and Co-ARIS, because ARIS, P-ARIS, and Fraction M8 inhibited jelly-induced Ca2+ -uptake by sperm, and because the calcium ionophore A23187 by-passed the blockage by these components of the jelly-induced acrosome reaction. 相似文献
6.
When sperm of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus , were exposed to high pH (9.0) sea water, they showed large increases in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+ ]i) and pH (pHi) and underwent the acrosome reaction (AR) without the aid of the egg jelly. Not only [Ca2+ ]i increase but also pHi rise did not occur under Ca2+ -free conditions. Both the increases in [Ca2+ ]i and pHi and the AR by high pH were inhibited by a Ca2+ channel blockers, verapamil and nisoldipine, and by a lectin, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) which interacts with a 220 kD membrane glycoprotein of sperm. These reagents inhibited also the AR by the egg jelly. The inhibitory effects of WGA were immediately canceled by the addition of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, a sugar which is known to remove WGA from its binding site. These results suggest that 1) the same Ca2+ transport system is activated by high external pH and the egg jelly, 2) increase in [Ca2+ ]i is prerequisite for the stimulation of the H+ -efflux system(s) and 3) the 220 kD WGA-binding membrane protein functions as a regulator protein of Ca2+ transport system. 相似文献
7.
TAEI MATSUI ICHIRO NISHIYAMA AKIYA HINO MOTONORI HOSHI 《Development, growth & differentiation》1986,28(4):359-368
The acrosome reaction is accompanied by ionic changes such as increases in intracellular Ca2+ and intracellular pH (pHi ). Since the two jelly components essential for inducing the acrosome reaction, ARIS and Co-ARIS, were shown to activate Ca-channels (accompanying paper), we examined the jelly components to determine which was responsible for the pHi -increase using 9-aminoacridine as a probe of pHi . This paper presents evidence that an oligopeptide(s) is responsible for the pHi -increase. The pHi of swimming sperm is 7.4-7.5. Within 20 sec after the addition of jelly, their pHi increased rapidly by 0.06 pH unit, then decreased by 0.2–0.3 pH unit, and reached a plateau level within 3 min. Similar changes in pHi were observed on addition of a Pronase digest of ARIS (P-ARIS) and a diffusible fraction of jelly (Fraction M8 ) together. Fraction M8 , but not ARIS or Co-ARIS increased the pHi , and activated sperm respiration in sea water at pH 6.5. The two activities of Fraction M8 depended upon Na+ but not Ca2+ , and were susceptible to Pronase digestion. Fraction M8 is also known to enhance induction of the acrosome reaction by the Ca-ionophore A23187. These results suggest that the egg jelly contains a peptide(s) that is not obligatory for the acrosome reaction but facilitates the reaction by increasing the pHi of the sperm. The significance of the pHi -increase upon the acrosome reaction is discussed. 相似文献
8.
Respiration of Sea Urchin Spermatozoa in the Presence of a Synthetic Jelly Coat Peptide and Ionophores 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
NORIO SUZUKI YASUSHI OHIZUMI IKUO YASUMASU SABRO ISAKA 《Development, growth & differentiation》1984,26(1):17-24
Sperm respiration and motility of the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus were studied at pH 6.8 in the presence of a synthetic jelly peptide (Gly-Phe-Asp-Leu-Asn-Gly-Gly-Gly-Val-Gly) and monovalent cationic ionophores. The synthetic peptide stimulated sperm respiration and motility to the level of that found in normal sea water (pH 8.2) with half-maximal stimulation at approximately 100 pM. Monensin and valinomycin also stimulated sperm respiration with half-maximal effects at 7 μM and 0.7 μM, respectively. The stimulation of sperm respiration by the peptide and monensin was dependent on external Na+ , but was not dependent on the osmolarity of the suspending medium. Approximately 50 mM Na+ was required for half-maximal respiratory responses to the peptide and monensin. 相似文献
9.
Biochemical Studies on the Acrosome Reaction of the Starfish, Asterias Amurensis I. Factors Participating in the Acrosome Reaction 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
In contrast with the case in sea urchin sperm, in starfish the acrosome reaction is not spontaneously induced by simply increasing the extracellular Ca2+ concentration or pH. At higher pHs, starfish sperm undergo morphological changes accompanied by exocytosis of the acrosomal vacuole, but they do not form acrosomal filaments. Nomarski-microscopic observation confirmed that spermatozoa undergo the acrosome reaction within the jelly coat. Acrosome reaction-inducing substance, a glycoprotein from the egg jelly, required a diffusible cofactor(s) present in the egg jelly for full activity. Several lines of evidence showed that this diffusible factor(s) is not merely Ca2+ . 相似文献
10.
Tosikazu Amano Yoshihito Okita Motonori Hoshi 《Development, growth & differentiation》1993,35(5):521-529
Egg jelly induces the degradation of histones as well as the acrosome reaction in the spermatozoa of Asterina pectinifera . Much similar degradation of histones without any apparent morphological changes such as the acrosome reaction was induced in the spermatozoa by merely dispersing them into Na+ -free seawater. It required external Ca2+ much less than the jelly-induced one in normal seawater, and was not susceptible to Ca2+ -channel antagonists, verapamil and diltiazem. Once spermatozoa were incubated with egg jelly in Ca2+ -free seawater, they did not undergo the histone degradation even after subsequent addition of Ca2+ , but Na+ -free seawater rescued such blockage. Spontaneous acrosome reaction occurred in seawater containing 10–30 mM Na+ in a Ca2+ -dependent manner. This reaction was accompanied by a rapid increase in intracellular pH (pHi) followed by a large pHi decrease. Diltiazem blocked a large decrease in pHi but scarcely inhibited the acrosome reaction induced by low-Na+ seawater. Increasing K+ inhibited both pHi changes and the acrosome reaction induced by low-Na+ seawater. Decreasing pH of seawater also inhibited the pHi changes but did not affect the acrosome reaction. Strontium was also effective to induce a rapid increase, followed by a gradual decrease, in pHi and the acrosome reaction. 相似文献
11.
Tatsuo Harumi Masaaki Yamaguchi Norio Suzuki 《Development, growth & differentiation》1991,33(1):67-73
Sperm-activating peptide analogues, GYGG-SAP-I (Gly-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Gly-Phe-Asp-Leu-Asn-Gly-Gly-Gly-Val-Gly) and GYGG-SAP-IIB (Gly-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Lys-Leu-Cys-Pro-Gly-Gly-Asn-Cys-Val) which exibit almost the same respiration-stimulating activity as the respective original peptide were chemically synthesized, radiolabeled with Na125 1, and used for experiments of binding and cross-linking to Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus or Glyptocidaris crenularis spermatozoa. In competitive binding, SAP-I caused 50% decrease in 125 l-GYGG-SAP-l binding to intact spermatozoa, sperm heads and sperm tails of H. pulcherrimus at the concentrations of 282 nM, 3 nM and 141 nM, respectively. The incubations of H. pulcherrimus sperm tails with 125 l-GYGG-SAP-I and the chemical cross-linking reagent, disuccinimidyl suberate, resulted in the appearance of two radiolabeled bands with apparent molecular masses of 71 kDa and 63 kDa (determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions). 125 l-GYGG-SAP-IIB bound almost equally to sperm heads and sperm tails of G. crenularis , and was cross-linked to 172 kDa, 62 kDa and 58 kDa proteins in sperm heads, and 157 kDa and 62 kDa proteins in sperm tails with disuccinimidyl suberate. 相似文献
12.
KAORI MIKAMI-TAKEI AKIKO FUJIWARA IKUO YASUMASU 《Development, growth & differentiation》1988,30(2):125-135
The acrosome reaction in sea urchin sperm, as judged by disappearance of the acrosomal vesicles in Nomarski optics, was induced by dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at concentration above 0.1% in normal artificial sea water. The number of the acrosome-reacted spermatozoa increased in proportion to DMSO concentration. The DMSO-induced acrosome reaction, as well as the jelly water- or A23187-induced one, was inhibited by nifedipine and hardly occurred in Ca2+ -free artificial sea water. However, the DMSO-induced acrosome reaction was found in a few number of spermatozoa in the presence of Ca2+ at above 0.5 mM, though the jelly water- or A23187-induced acrosome reaction did not occur at external Ca2+ levels lower than 1 mM. Dependency of the acrosome reaction by DMSO on external Ca2+ is somewhat lower than that of the reaction by jelly water. In Ca2+ -free artificial sea water, the acrosomal regions of DMSO-treated spermatozoa attached to their own tails. In some cases, spermatozoa thus treated with DMSO in Ca2+ free artificial sea water caused formation of fertilization membrane in a few number of eggs kept in Ca2+ -free artificial sea water. Even in the absence of extermal Ca2+ , preliminary step of the acrosome reaction seems to be completed probably by DMSO-induced weak Ca2+ -mobilization in spermatozoa. 相似文献
13.
We examined whether phospholipase A2 (PLA2 ) is involved in the initiation of the acrosome reaction of sperm of the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus intermedius , using inhibitors and an activator of this enzyme. Quinacrine and p-bromophenacyl bromide (PBPB) inhibited the egg jelly-induced acrosome reaction at 100 μM, but not the ionomycin-induced one. Depression of egg jelly-induced increase of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ) by these reagents was expected and examined using fura 2. Quinacrine interfered with the flourescence of fura 2, but PBPB was found to depress at concentrations which could inhibit the acrosome reaction. Furthermore, melittin, which is known to stimulate PLA2 , caused a [Ca2+ ]i increase and a formation of acrosomal process-like structure on sperm head. These results suggest that PLA2 participates in the early step(s) of the acrosome reaction of sea urchin sperm. 相似文献
14.
The lectin wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) inhibited the egg jelly-induced acrosome reaction (AR) of sperm of the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus intermedius . Fluorescein-conjugated WGA applied to sperm bound to the acrosomal region, to the midpiece, and to the tip of the flagellum. These effects were not observed in the presence of N-acetly-D-glucosamine. When the egg jelly was replaced by artificial AR inducers such as A23187 or nigericin, the AR was not inhibited by WGA. Results obtained using a Ca2+ indicator fura-2, a pH indicator 2',7'-bis(carboxyethyl)carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) and a membrane potential sensitive dye 3,3'-dipentyl 2,2'-dioxacarbocyanine [diO-C5 (3)] showed that WGA suppresses the egg jelly-induced influx of Ca2+ and slightly suppresses the efflux of H+ caused by the egg jelly, whereas the depolarization of the plasma membrane by the egg jelly is remarkably amplified by the treatment with WGA. These results suggest that WGA affects the regulatory system of the ion fluxes associated with the AR. The target protein of WGA (WGA-binding protein) was a membrane glycoprotein of 260 kD under non-reducing condition. 相似文献
15.
Tosikazu Amano Yoshihito Okita Motonori Hoshi 《Development, growth & differentiation》1992,34(1):99-106
When spermatozoa of Asterina pectinifera are treated with a solution of homologous egg jelly, besides undergoing the acrosome reaction, they begin to degrade their histones gradually. The degradation is most prominent with histone H1, almost 75% of which is degraded within one hour at 20°C. The jelly-induced histone degradation, like the acrosome reaction, requires external Ca2+ , prefers high pHs and is susceptible to Ca2+ -channel antagonists such as verapamil and diltiazem. Histone degradation is also induced by nigericin as well as monensin in normal seawater, but not in Ca2+ -free seawater. Calcium ionophore A23187, that greatly facilitates the monensin-induced histone degradation, also induces histone degradation by itself, slightly in normal seawater and markedly in Ca2+ -enriched seawater. Concanavalin A inhibits the jelly-induced histone degradation but not the jelly-induced acrosome reaction. These results suggest that egg jelly induces the histone degradation by enhancing Ca2+ -influx via a Ca2+ -channel(s) and by increasing cytoplasmic pH, through a pathway which is closely related to, but not entirely the same as, the one leading to the acrosome reaction. 相似文献
16.
Takeshi Shimizu Hiroaki Kinoh Masaaki Yamaguchi Norio Suzuki 《Development, growth & differentiation》1990,32(5):473-487
A sialoglycoprotein and a fucose sulfate glycoconjugate (FSG) were purified from egg jelly of the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus . Sialoglycoprotein which consisted of sialic acid (90%, w/w) and protein (10%, w/w) did not cause induction of the acrosome reaction and sperm isoagglutination. FSG which contained one mol sulfate/mol fucose possessed 2.0 times protein to fucose by weight. The proteins in intact FSG were separated to two major (258 kDa and 237 kDa) and one minor (120 kDa) proteins by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) while the proteins could not be separated by HPLC in the presence of 0.1% SDS or SDS-PAGE without 2-ME. However, after carboxymethylation of FSG, two major (260 kDa and 240 kDa) proteins and two minor (140 kDa and 135 kDa) proteins were separated from the fucose sulfate moiety by HPLC in the presence of 0.1% SDS or SDS-PAGE without 2-ME. When FSG was first carboxymethylated with non-radioactive iodoacetic acid and then reduced with 2-ME and finally carboxymethylated with 14 C-iodoacetic acid, the most of radioactivity was detected in 140 kDa and 135 kDa proteins. Carboxymethylted-FSG was less potent than intact FSG in induction of the acrosome reaction. Fucoidan, a fucose sulfate polymer, did not induce the acrosome reaction. 相似文献
17.
Spermatozoa of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus (108 cells/ml), preincubated with unfertilized eggs deprived of jelly coats (more than l05 cells/ml) at 20°C for 20min in Mg2+ free artificial sea water containing 1 mM Ca2+ (MFASW), exhibited very low respiration, which was enhanced by 2, 4 dinitrophenol (DNP). The fertilization rate in MFASW was usually less than 5% and was about 25% at most. Preincubation with fertilized eggs (with and without a fertilization membrane) in MFASW did not reduced the respiratory rate of spermatozoa. The rate of sperm respiration was lower in MFASW than in artificial sea water (ASW), but was higher than the respiratory rate of spermatozoa preincubated in MFASW with unfertilized eggs. Sperm respiration in MFASW or in ASW was not stimulated by 2, 4 dinitrophenol. Almost complete inhibition of sperm respiration was obtained with unfertilized eggs fixed with glutaraldehyde at concentrations of above 105 cells/ml in MFASW and of about l04 cells/ml in ASW. The respiratory rate of spermatozoa treated with fixed eggs was enhanced by DNP. It is concluded that the respiratory rate of the spermatozoa is reduced by their interaction with unfertilized eggs before their penetration into the eggs. 相似文献
18.
This article reviews recent studies on physiological inducers of the acrosome reaction in starfish. Upon encountering the jelly coat of eggs, starfish sperm undergo the acrosome reaction in response to a cooperation of three jelly components: a sulfated glycoprotein named acrosome reaction-inducing substance (ARIS), a group of steroidal saponins named Co-ARIS, and an oligopeptide presumably having an activity to increase the intracellular pH of sperm. ARIS induces the acrosome reaction in high Ca2+ or high pH sea water. In normal sea water, both ARIS and Co-ARIS are required for the induction. In addition to ARIS and Co-ARIS, a third jelly component, the oligopeptide, is necessary to mimic the full capacity of the jelly coat to induce the acrosome reaction. ARIS and Co-ARIS cooperatively increase the intracellular Ca2+ by stimulating Ca2+ channels, while the oligopeptide increases the intracellular pH by stimulating Na+/H+ exchange systems. When sperm meet the eggs, both changes are simultaneously achieved in them and thus they undergo the acrosome reaction. 相似文献
19.
The Mg2+ requirement in fertilization was investigated in sea urchins. It was found that when sea urchin eggs were inseminated in sea water free of Mg2+ , little fertilization took place. Even when spermatozoa pre-treated with dissolved egg-jelly to induce the acrosome reaction, which needs Ca2+ , were used, the fertilization rate remained quite low in the absence of Mg2+ . In Strongylo-centrotus intermedius , the lowest concentration of Mg2+ required for 50% fertilization was 0.05 mM in the presence of 10 mM Ca2+ , whereas that of calcium was 3 mM in the presence of 49 mM Mg2+ . These critical concentrations increased when the concentration of the other ion decreased. Removal of Mg2+ or Ca2+ or both from the suspending medium had little adverse effect on sperm motility. The elevation of the fertilization membrane was also induced by butyric acid independent of the presence or absence of Mg2+ and/or Ca2+ . These results indicate that Mg2+ are required at least in some process(es) between acrosome reaction and fertilization membrane elevation, such as sperm penetration or membrane fusion. 相似文献
20.
Localisation of the acrosome reaction inducing activity in egg-jelly was examined in the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster. The jelly has six layers: the J0, J1, J2, J3, J4 and st layers. Jelly was mechanically dissected and placed on a Millipore filter. When sperm were added from the outer surface side of the jelly, most of them exhibited the acrosome reaction after passing through the jelly. When egg-jelly was divided into four layers, strong activity for the induction of acrosome reaction was detected in the outer layers, J4+st. These findings suggest that the acrosome reaction is induced by a substance in the outer layers of the egg-jelly. Among jelly components separated by SDS-PAGE, a fraction of more than 500 kDa in molecular weight induced the acrosome reaction. Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Griffonia simplicifoliar agglutinin 1 (GS-1), Maclura pomifera agglutinin (MPA) and Arachis hypogaea agglutinin (PNA) inhibited the induction of the acrosome reaction by jelly extract, and WGA did so in a dose-dependent manner. Those lectins precipitated some molecules of over 500 kDa. These results suggest that the acrosome reaction is induced by the high molecular-weight components of egg-jelly in C. pyrrhogaster. 相似文献