HcNPV半胱氨酸蛋白酶基因的核苷酸序列研究

ＨｃＮＰＶ半胱氨酸蛋白酶基因的核苷酸序列研究贡成良１小林淳宫岛成寿金伟１吴祥甫２＊（日本三重大学分子素材工学科,三重５１４,日本;１浙江农业大学蚕学系,杭州３１００２９;２中国科学院上海生物化学研究所,上海２０００３１）关键词美国白蛾;核型多角体病毒...     

抑制性差减杂交PCR：一种寻找有差别表达基因的方法

抑制性差减杂交ＰＣＲ：一种寻找有差别表达基因的方法蒋小陵＊鲁林荣＊＊陈诗书＊郑仲承＊＊（＊上海第二医科大学生物化学教研室,上海２０００２５;＊＊中国科学院上海生物化学研究所,上海２０００３１）测定高等生物（包括人类）基因组序列是一个现实和预期的目标。...     

Motif和Module

Ｍｏｔｉｆ和Ｍｏｄｕｌｅ王克夷,景沛（中国科学院上海生物化学研究所,上海２０００３１）关键词ｍｏｔｉｆ,ｍｏｄｕｌｅ蛋白质一级结构测定近十年来发展迅猛。这不仅是因为有了以Ｅｄｍａｎ降解法为基础的蛋白质氨基酸序列测定仪的商品化,更是由于ＤＮＡ核苷酸序列...     

水稻醛缩酶嵌合基因的克隆和在大肠杆菌中高表达

水稻醛缩酶嵌合基因的克隆和在大肠杆菌中高表达陈海宝杨春松＊＊（中国科学院上海有机化学研究所,生命有机化学国家重点实验室,中国科学院计算机化学实验室,上海２０００３２）关键词果糖－１,６－二磷酸醛缩酶;ＤＮＡ单链合成法;反转录ＰＣＲ;基因工程收稿日期：...     

鼠肝细胞核中两型酪氨酸蛋白激酶的分离和部分纯化

鼠肝细胞核中两型酪氨酸蛋白激酶的分离和部分纯化＊张洪陈惠黎＊＊（上海医科大学卫生部糖复合物重点实验室,生化教研室,上海２０００３２）关键词细胞核;酪氨酸蛋白激酶;同工酶;分离纯化收稿日期：１９９６－１２－１８;接受日期：１９９７－０３－０６。＊中华医...     

龙葵叶绿体的阿特拉津抗性基因psbA的核苷酸序列及有关分析

对克隆在psb135质粒上的来自龙葵阿特拉津抗性生物型的psbA基因进行DNA序列分析,测得长为1384个核苷酸的全序列,包括该基因的全部编码区和5′上游顺序。该基因的核苷酸序列与另一个独立来源的龙葵阿特拉津抗性基因的核苷酸序列完全相同,在由核苷酸推导的氨基酸序列的基础上,比较了分别由龙葵抗阿特拉津和对阿特拉津敏感的psbA基因编码的32kD蛋白质的二级结构,并对其可能的含意进行了讨论。     

SELEX法筛选特异亲和淀粉的小分子RNA

ＳＥＬＥＸ法筛选特异亲和淀粉的小分子ＲＮＡ＊王琛金由辛＊＊王德宝（中国科学院上海生物化学研究所分子生物学国家重点实验室,上海２０００３１）关键词ＳＥＬＥＸ;２．５ＳＲＮＡ;兔肌糖元分枝酶指数式富集法配体进化,即ＳＥＬＥＸ［１］（ｓｙｓｔｅｍ－ａｔｉｃ...     

蛋白激酶C抑制剂staurosporine对HeLa细胞周期的影响

蛋白激酶Ｃ抑制剂ｓｔａｕｒｏｓｐｏｒｉｎｅ对ＨｅＬａ细胞周期的影响石法武＊任洪波张兆山＊＊王会信周廷冲（军事医学科学院基础医学研究所,＊＊生物工程研究所,北京１００８５０ＴｈｅｅｆｅｃｔｏｆｓｔａｕｒｏｓｐｏｒｉｎｅｏｎｔｈｅｃｅｌｃｙｃｌｅｏｆＨｅ...     

天花粉蛋白R122G突变体的构建及活性研究

天花粉蛋白Ｒ１２２Ｇ突变体的构建及活性研究袁惠东１柯一保孔梅柯欣永夏其昌１张祖传１聂慧玲＊（中国科学院上海细胞生物学研究所,上海２０００３１;１中国科学院上海生物化学研究所,上海２０００３１）关键词天花粉蛋白;突变体;ＲＮＡＮ－糖苷酶天花粉蛋白（ｔｒ...     

内蒙古白绒山羊TSC2基因克隆与表达模式分析

旨在克隆内蒙古白绒山羊TSC2基因cDNA并分析其特性及基本表达模式.利用RT-PCR分段克隆TSC2基因cDNA片段并测序,将得到的cDNA各片段核苷酸序列拼接后获得绒山羊TSC2基因编码区全长序列(HQ684023)并进行生物信息学分析.半定量RT-PCR方法检测TSC2基因在不同组织中的表达特异性.结果表明内蒙古白绒山羊TSC2基因cDNA编码区核苷酸序列为5184 bp,包含了编码1727个氨基酸残基的全长ORF.核苷酸序列与牛、猪、马、大熊猫、犬、恒河猴、人、小鼠及大鼠的同源性分别为97％、90％、89％、88％、87％、87％、87％、86％和86％.NCBI CDD程序预测该基因编码的蛋白质有一个Tuberin结构域和一个Rap-GAP结构域;Psite程序分析有5个N糖基化位点、2个cAMP和cGMP依赖蛋白激酶磷酸化位点、16个蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点、25个酪蛋白激酶磷酸化位点.PSORT程序预测其定位于胞内体膜.TSC2基因在内蒙古白绒山羊的睾丸、脑、肝脏、肺、乳腺、脾和肾脏等组织中都有表达,mRNA丰度在睾丸中较高,乳腺中较低.     

Plant uptake of sulphur as related to changes in the HI-reducible and total sulphur fractions in soil

Although considerable progress has been made in relating extractable soil S to plant S availability, most of these studies determined the extractable soil S at the beginning of the experiment to use as an index of soil S status. This bears little or no relationship to the S taken up by plants during the entire growing season. The present study investigates the changes in extractable soil S with time and relates these to changes in plant S uptake. Six soils with different long-term fertiliser histories (0, 21, 42 kg of S as superphosphate ha^–1 applied since 1952) and animal camping treatments (camp and non-camp) were used in two pot systems (with and without plants). Carrier-free ³⁵SO₄–S was added to the soils, to provide the information on the transformations of recently added S between the different extractable S forms in soils and whether these transformations could predict plant-available S. The soils were pre-conditioned and then transferred to the glasshouse, where one set of pots were planted with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) while the other set was left uncropped. Periodic plant harvests and soil samplings at four weekly intervals were conducted over a period of 20 weeks to determine plant S uptake and amounts of extractable soil S and ³⁵S forms using five extractants. Same extractions of soil S and ³⁵S were conducted for the initial soils. Results showed that HI-reducible and total soil S extracted by CaCl₂, KH₂PO₄ and by KCl at 40°C were utilised significantly by plants but not those extracted by NaHCO₃ and NaOH extractants. However, after the 8th week, plants continued to take up S even though levels of S extracted from the soil by CaCl₂, KH₂PO₄ and by KCl at 40°C remained low and unchanged. These results suggest that soil S taken up by plants after the 8th week period originated directly from the mineralisation of soil organic S from S pools other than those present in the extractable soil S forms. Similar results were shown by ³⁵S data, thereby confirming the complexity of determining plant S availability based on soil S extraction methods.     

互花米草、狐米草和大绳草茎秆的比较解剖观察

互花米草、狐米草和大绳草的表皮均由长细胞、短细胞(栓质细胞和硅质细胞)、盐腺和气孔器组成。它们成纵行交互排列。盐腺的结构与大米草相似,但三个种的盐腺和气孔器的数目不同,尤其以大绳草最多。它们的内部结构是由气道、不同大小的维管束、基本组织以及厚壁组织组成。然而,维管束的数目及厚壁组织的发育各不相同。狐米草和大绳草有高度木质化的厚壁组织细胞,而互花米草的厚壁组织木质化较弱。大绳草的维管束多于其他两种。     

The 26S proteasome: a dynamic structure

The proteasomal system consists of a proteolytic core, the 20S proteasome, which associates in ATP-dependent and independent reactions with endogenous regulators providing specific substrate binding sites, chaperone function and regulation of activity to the protease. The best known regulators of the 20S proteasome are the 11S and the 19S complexes. Three subunits of the 20S proteasome and the two subunits of the 11S regulator are induced by -Interferon. However, there are no indications for an influence of -interferon on the subunit composition of the 19S regulator and only a few data exist about the dynamics of this complex. The analysis of 19S regulator subunits from yeast mutants reveals that the ATPases appear to be stringently organized in the 26S complex, while peripheral non-ATPases, such as S5a, might serve as subunits which shuttle substrates to the enzyme. A novel non-ATPase has been cloned, sequenced and identified in a complex besides the 19S regulator, the function of which is presently unknown. The dynamic structure of the 26S proteasome is also characterized by transient associations with components such as the modulator and isopeptidases. Certain viral proteins can also be associated with components of the proteasomal system and alter enzymatic activities.     

中国菝葜属补充与订正

本文涉及百合科菝葜属Smilax 7个分类群：用Smilax longibracteolata J.D.Hook.和S.elegans Wall.ex Kunth分别代替中国植物志第15卷(1978)中由于鉴定错误而使用的〖WTBX〗S.ma ireiH.Lévl.和S.glaucophylla Klotz.S.mairei是一个完全不同的种,应予承认,现根据存于爱丁堡的模式标本予以重新描述。S.pinfae nsis H.Lévl.和nthaC.H.Wright 在中国植物志第15卷中被分别并入S.cocculoides Warb.和S.ferox Wall.ex Kunth,现恢复为独立的种。此外,本文还发表了一个新改级〖WTBX〗S.retroflexa[WTBZ] (Wang et Tang ) S.C.Chen和一个新名称S.munita S.C.Chen,后者用来代替晚出同名S.rigida Wall.ex Kunth。     

中国景天属一些种的订正

本文对国产景天属的6种植物进行了分类订正。归并了7种1亚种和2变种,同时对中国植物志中景天属存疑种Sedum phyllanthum Levl.et Vant.和S.subtile Miq.的范围及其分类地位进行了讨论。根据对S.hsinganicum Chu ex S.H.Fu的模式标本以及S.floriferum Praeger模式标本图和模式产地标本的研究,确认二者所具性状均在S.aizoon L.的性状变异范围内,故予归并。S.onychopetalumFrod.,S.grammophyllum Frod以及S.anhuiense S.H.Fu et X.W.Wang经研究均被作为S.lineareThunb.的异名处理。S.formosanum N.E.Br.在《中国植物志》中被并入S.alfredii Hance,现恢复为独立的种。此外还报道了一个中国新记录种S.hakonense Makino。     

Development of a multiplex PCR for the identification of Staphylococcus genus and four staphylococcal species isolated from food

AIMS: To develop a multiplex PCR that allows the identification of bacteria belonging to the Staphylococcus genus and in particular to the species Staphylococcus xylosus, S. saprophyticus, S. epidermidis and S. aureus isolated from food manufacturing plants. METHODS AND RESULTS: Five primer pairs were used in the multiplex PCR, one specific to the Staphylococcus genus and four specific to S. xylosus, S. saprophyticus, S. epidermidis and S. aureus species. All the 31 Staphylococcus reference strains yielded a specific PCR product with the genus-specific primers. Staphylococcus xylosus, S. saprophyticus, S. epidermidis and S. aureus gave a specific PCR fragment with the corresponding species-specific primers. No amplification with the Kocuria, Macrococcus and Micrococcus strains was observed in our conditions. This multiplex PCR was performed on 30 strains of Gram-positive cocci isolated from different workshops and fermented sausages. Among them, 28 belonged to the Staphylococcus genus and 14 were identified to S. saprophyticus, four to S. xylosus, two to S. aureus and one to S. epidermidis. CONCLUSIONS: This multiplex PCR provided reliable and repeatable PCR results. It allowed the identification of a major part of the isolates, highlighting the predominance of the S. saprophyticus species in the workshops studied. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This tool is a useful way to screen the strains isolated from foodstuff and food environment and to monitor these species during the food processing.     

基于23S／5SrDNA序列的柑橘黄龙病病原菌亚洲种系统发育研究

根据柑橘黄龙病亚洲种23S/5S的DNA序列设计一对引物对不同地理来源的6个柑橘黄龙病样品DNA进行扩增,扩增片段大小均为1 654 bp包括一个假定细胞壁水解酶假基因(putative cell wall hydrolase pseudogene)和5S rRNA 基因.序列同源性分析结果表明;6个柑橘黄龙病病原菌样品与柑橘黄龙病病原菌亚洲种Sihui样品的同源性为99%,然而与土壤杆菌,布鲁氏菌,根瘤菌,中华根瘤菌,巴通体菌和中慢生根瘤菌的同源性只有89%～95%,说明在23S/5S rDNA序列上黄龙病病原菌亚洲种与α变形菌纲根瘤菌目的其他病原菌相差较大.对黄龙病病原菌亚洲种种内的23S/5S rDNA序列进行比较分析,结果发现黄龙病病原菌亚洲种种内之间putative cell wall hydrolase pseudogene和5S rRNA的基因序列非常保守,但不同地理来源的柑橘黄龙病样品碱基序列间确实存在差异,差异的大小与地理的远近无关.利用简约法对黄龙病病原菌亚洲种及α变形菌纲其它病原菌的23S/5S rDNA序列构建的系统发育树显示黄龙病病原菌亚洲种单独聚为一类,其他细菌聚为另一类,该结果与基于rplJ基因及16S rRNA基因的DNA序列构建的分子系统进化树结果一致.     

Two neutral variants segregating at the gametophytic self‐incompatibility locus of European pear (Pyrus communis L.) (Rosaceae,Pyrinae)

Extensive survey of the S‐locus diversity of plant species with RNase‐based gametophytic self‐incompatibility has failed to identify neutral variation segregating within S‐allele specificities. Although this is the expected result according to population genetics theory, it conflicts with recent models of S‐allele evolution, which suggest that new specificities might arise by a continuous process of subtle changes that individually do not alter the specificity of the S‐genes, but whose cumulative effects result in new S‐allele functions. Genomic analysis of S‐RNase sequences associated with the S₁₀₄ (=S₄, =S_b) allele of European pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars yielded two distinct variants (named herein S_104‐1 and S_104‐2) that differed at five nucleotide positions within the open reading frame, two of which resulted in changes in the predicted protein sequence. Test‐cross experiments indicated that the S‐alleles associated with the S_104‐1 and S_104‐2RNases exhibit the same pollen and pistil functions, suggesting that they are two neutral variants segregating within the S₁₀₄ haplotype of European pear. These allelic forms might represent transitional states in the process of generating new specificities in the species, in accordance with models that predict S‐function transition through neutral intermediates. This possibility was further evaluated through the pattern of molecular evolution of functionally distinct European pear S‐RNases, which indicated that most recent S‐allele diversification in this species proceeded in the absence of adaptive selective pressure.     

螺序草属三新种

本文发表了螺序草属三新种, 即粘毛螺序草Spiradiclis tomentosa, 糙边螺序草S.scabrida, 锈茎螺序草S.ferruginea.