不稳定型心绞痛和急性心肌梗死患者血小板指标及超敏C 反应蛋白变化

目的:探讨不稳定型心绞痛(unstable angina pectoris,UAP)、急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者血小板指标、超敏C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)水平变化及意义。方法:选取于我院进行治疗的急性冠脉综合征患者300例中UAP患者121例(UAP组),AMI患者179例(AMI组)。另选100例健康体检者作为对照组。300例急性冠脉综合征患者均口服阿司匹林进行治疗。服用阿司匹林7 d后比较各组血小板指标血小板聚集率、血小板膜糖蛋白CD62p、尿11-脱氢-血栓素B2(11-dehydro-Thromboxane,11-DH-TXB2)及hs-CRP水平变化,同时记录随访1年急性冠脉综合征患者心血管事件发生情况。结果:治疗后UAP组、AMI组二磷酸腺苷(adenosine diphosphate,ADP)及花生四烯酸(arochidonic acid,AA)诱导的血小板聚集率、11-DH-TXB2与对照组差异显著(P0.05),AMI组CD62p、hs-CRP水平均显著高于对照组(P0.05);随访1年,11-DH-TXB2水平≥1500 ng/g者心血管事件发生率为51.02%,11-DH-TXB2水平1500 ng/g者心血管事件发生率为22.28%,二者发生率差异显著(P0.05)。结论:血小板指标、hs-CRP检测对UAP、AMI具有临床意义。     

Glucose Metabolism in Healthy Subjects and in Patients with Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolic Disorders

The rate of glucose oxidation was studied by measurement of the ¹³C concentration in expired air with simultaneous detection of the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in subjects with obesity and patients with type II diabetes. Intake of small amounts of glucose did not change the rate of glucose oxidation in subjects with obesity as compared to healthy controls. However, intake of large amounts of glucose resulted in a considerable increase in the rate of glucose oxidation without a hypoxic shift. In patients with diabetes mellitus, the rate of glucose oxidation decreased with increasing tissue hypoxia.     

阿托伐他汀对急性心肌梗塞患者hs-CRP及血脂水平的影响

目的:研究阿托伐他汀对急性心肌梗塞患者超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及血脂水平的影响。方法:选取2012年1月到2015年1月我院收治的急性心肌梗塞患者80例,按照随机数字表法将患者分为研究组和对照组,每组40例,对照组给予常规治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上给予阿托伐他汀治疗,比较治疗前后两组hs-CRP和总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平。结果:两组治疗后hs-CRP较治疗前显著降低(P0.05),且研究组治疗后hs-CRP显著低于对照组,(P0.05);治疗后两组TC、TG和LDL-C显著低于治疗前,HDL-C显著高于治疗前(P0.05),且治疗后研究组TC、TG和LDL-C显著低于对照组,HDL-C显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:阿托伐他汀治疗急性心肌梗塞具有较好的效果,能有效降低hs-CRP水平,改善患者血脂水平。     

Clinical Evaluation of Perhexiline Maleate in Patients with Angina Pectoris

This paper reports a double-blind trial of a new antianginal drug, perhexiline. Fifty-five patients suffering from angina pectoris were studied for periods of 12 or 24 weeks in a cross-over comparison against a placebo in four centres in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Perhexiline was effective in most patients as judged by reducing the number of anginal attacks in 84% and the consumption of glyceryl trinitrate tablets in 64%. The major side effect, dizziness, noted in one-third of the patients, may be dose/body-weight related. Perhexiline is a valuable new agent for the treatment of patients with angina, especially those who do not respond to other antianginal agents.     

护理干预对急性心肌梗死患者心绞痛发生率与不良情绪的影响

目的:探讨护理干预对急性心肌梗死患者心绞痛发生率与不良情绪的影响。方法:选取我院2011年6月-2013年6月间收治的急性心肌梗死患者96例,随机分为实验组与对照组。对照组48例患者给予常规护理措施,实验组48例患者均给予个体化护理干预。分别于干预前后采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)对患者评分,对比两组患者的心绞痛发生率。结果:两组患者干预后SAS、SDS评分均显著低于干预前评分,干预前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),实验组干预后SAS、SDS评分显著高于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);实验组患者发生心绞痛14例(29.17%),对照组29例(60.42%),实验组心绞痛发生率显著低于对照组,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:个性化的护理干预可有效缓解急性心肌梗死患者焦虑及抑郁情绪,大幅度地降低心绞痛的发生率,对提高患者的的生活质量起积极作用。     

加味四妙勇安方对系统性红斑狼疮合并冠心病心绞痛患者脂代谢、炎症因子和血液流变学的影响

摘要 目的：观察加味四妙勇安方辅助治疗系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）合并冠心病心绞痛的疗效及对脂代谢、炎症因子和血液流变学的影响。方法：选取2019年5月~2022年3月期间我院收治入院的97例SLE合并冠心病心绞痛患者。按照随机数字表法将患者分为对照组（48例）和实验组（49例）。对照组接受常规西医治疗,实验组在对照组的基础上接受加味四妙勇安方辅助治疗。对比两组治疗后的疗效、脂代谢指标、炎症因子、血液流变学、心功能及临床症状改善情况。结果：实验组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,实验组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）高于对照组,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,实验组超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、白介素-6（IL-6）低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,实验组全血黏度（WBV）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）、血浆粘度（PV）、血小板黏附率（PAR）低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,实验组左心室射血分数（LVEF）、心排血量（CO）高于对照组,心绞痛每次发作持续时间短于对照组,心绞痛发作次数少于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：加味四妙勇安方辅助治疗SLE合并冠心病心绞痛,可减轻患者的心绞痛症状,有效改善脂代谢、炎症因子和血液流变学。     

Circulatory and Metabolic Effects of Oxygen in Myocardial Infarction

The circulatory and metabolic effects of inhalation of oxygen in high concentration were investigated in 50 patients with acute myocardial infarction. The heart rate, arterial blood pressure, cardiac out-put, blood gas tensions, pH, and lactate and pyruvate levels were measured. In general, oxygen inhalation produced a fall in cardiac output and stroke volume and a rise in blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance. In a small number of patients with very low cardiac out-puts there was a rise in output. A substantial rise in arterial oxygen tension was obtained even in patients with low initial values. The raised arterial blood lactate levels which were frequently present were reduced after oxygen. The therapeutic implications of these effects are discussed.     

不稳定型心绞痛患者发病危险因素的性别差异分析

目的:探讨不同性别人群发生不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)的相关危险因素。方法:选择本院住院部收治的138例UAP患者为UAP组及80例同期经冠状动脉造影检查冠脉正常的非CHD者为对照组进行研究,对不同性别UAP患者发病的相关因素进行分析和比较。结果:男性UAP组和男性对照组在吸烟、高血压病史、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、半胱氨酸(Hcy)、维生素B12(Vit B12)和叶酸(FA)方面存在显著性差异(P0.05),两组其它指标比较无显著性差异(P0.05);女性UAP组和女性对照组在高血压病史、糖尿病病史、尿酸(UA)、Hcy、VB12和FA方面存在显著性差异(P0.05),两组其它指标比较无显著性差异(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:吸烟、高血压、HDL、Hcy、和Vit B12水平为男性UAP患者发病的独立危险因素(P0.05~0.01);高血压、UA、Hcy、Vit B12和FA水平为女性UAP患者发病的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论:不同性别人群发生UAP的危险因素不同,血浆Hcy和UA水平为女性UAP的独立危险因素,而血浆Hcy水平为男性UAP的独立危险因素。     

New Indices for Evaluating the Functional State in Patients with Angina Pectoris

Traditional indices used to evaluate the functional state in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) by testing under conditions of exercise take into account changes in the heart rate (HR), arterial pressure, and the ST segment only during exercise and, for the most part, take into account do not information about the recovery period. The authors show on the basis of the analyses of the regression of ST and HR in patients with angina pectoris that the traditional indices are more effective during exercise. They suggest new standardized nondimensional indices to evaluate the state of patients with myocardial ischemia, i.e., the standardized duration and amplitude of fast recovery (SDFR and SAFR) of ST depression. Most likely, SAFR reflects the share of cardiomyocytes in the metastable state in the total number of the cells affected by short-term ischemia, and SDFR may be an index of the time of the change in the metastable state. Comparative study of the standardized indices of myocardial ischemia showed that the rate–pressure product, SDFR, and SAFR are independent values and may be recommended for evaluating the functional state in patients with IHD.     

Prenylamine in Angina Pectoris

The therapeutic value of prenylamine in angina pectoris was tested in two ways. Fourteen patients received 270 mg. of prenylamine per day for one month. This was preceded and followed by one month of placebo therapy. Assessment was made, first by twice-monthly treadmill exercise tests, and secondly by daily records of anginal attacks and nitroglycerin usage. The occurrence of pain and electrocardiographic changes during treadmill exercise was apparently uninfluenced by the drug. However, there was a reduced incidence of spontaneous angina and nitroglycerin usage during the month on prenylamine by contrast with either month on placebo (p <0.05).     

Psychological Stress in Wives of Patients with Myocardial Infarction

In a study of the psychological consequences of myocardial infarction on 65 wives of husbands admitted to a coronary care unit feelings of loss, depression, and guilt were common at the time of infarction. Many wives (38%) found the period of convalescence after discharge very stressful, attributing this to fears of a recurrent infarct and marital tension owing to their husbands'' increased irritability and dependency. These anxieties and tensions gradually diminished and at one year after the initial illness only eight wives whose husbands had made a good physical recovery still showed considerable psychological disturbance. It is suggested that unnecessary emotional distress, particularly in the initial period after discharge from hospital, can be alleviated by increased help and support from the hospital and family doctor.     

Myocardial Infarction and Carbohydrate Metabolism Relating to Diabetes Mellitus

Fifteen non-obese males with acute myocardial infarction and no diabetic history were evaluated for diabetes. During infarction, results of oral glucose tolerance tests were “diabetic” or “probably diabetic” in 10 of the 15 patients (67 percent). The plasma immuno-reactive insulin response in 12 patients (80 percent) was of a pattern observed in patients with maturity-onset diabetes. Six months after infarction, follow-up glucose tolerance tests in 12 surviving patients were diabetic or probably diabetic in three cases (25 percent). In seven of twelve patients (58 percent) had delay in the peaking of the plasma insulin response to an oral glucose tolerance test, a phenomenon that is observed in patients with maturity-onset diabetes.Glucose tolerance tests were abnormal in one of fourteen control subjects (7 percent). There was a delayed plasma insulin response to an oral glucose test in two of fourteen controls (14 percent).Patients with myocardial infarction have an increased incidence of diabetes mellitus.     

阿托伐他汀治疗不稳定性心绞痛的临床疗效及安全性观察

目的：评价阿托伐他汀治疗不稳定性心绞痛患者的疗效及安全性。方法：将100例患者随机分为两组,对照组50例给予常规治疗;阿托伐他汀治疗组50例,在常规治疗的基础上加用阿托伐他汀,疗程12周。观察其治疗前后主要症状和体征,每博量（sv）、每分博出量（CO）、射血分数（EF）和舒张功能指标（E／A）等心功能指标,以及血清总胆固醇（Tc）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL．C）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL．c）和高敏c-反应蛋白（hs．CRY）等血液生化指标。结果：治疗组缓解心绞痛的显效率为28％,总有效率为96％,改善心电图的的显效率为22％,总有效率为84％,速效扩冠药物停减率为60．62％,经统计学处理均优于对照组（P〈O．05）;治疗组治疗后的心功能各指标均显著优于治疗前（P〈0．01）,且优于对照组（P〈0．05）。治疗组患者治疗后TC、TG、HDL—C、LDL．C及hs—CRP较治疗前降低（P〈0．05）,且优于对照组（P〈0．05）。两组患者治疗前后肝肾功能检查均在正常范围且无明显不良反应。结论：阿托伐他汀治疗不稳定性心绞痛疗效确切且安全可靠。     

Rosiglitazone and Myocardial Infarction in Patients Previously Prescribed Metformin

Objective

Rosiglitazone was found associated with approximately a 43% increase in risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a two meta-analyses of clinical trials. Our objective is to estimate the magnitude of the association in real-world patients previously treated with metformin.

Research Design and Methods

We conducted a nested case control study in British Columbia using health care databases on 4.3 million people. Our cohort consisted of 158,578 patients with Type 2 diabetes who used metformin as first-line drug treatment. We matched 2,244 cases of myocardial infarction (AMI) with up to 4 controls. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate matched odds ratios for AMI associated with treatment with rosiglitazone, pioglitazone and sulfonylureas.

Results

In our cohort of prior metformin users, adding rosiglitazone for up to 6 months was not associated with an increased risk of AMI compared to adding a sulfonylurea (odds ratio [OR] 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91–2.10), or compared to adding pioglitazone (OR for rosi versus pio 1.41; 95% CI, 0.74–2.66). There were also no significant differences between rosiglitazone, pioglitazone and sulfonylureas for longer durations of treatment. Though not significantly different from sulfonylureas, there was a transient increase in AMI risk associated with the first 6 months of treatment with a glitazone compared to not using the treatment (OR 1.53; 95% CI, 1.13–2.07)

Conclusions

In our British Columbia cohort of patients who received metformin as first-line pharmacotherapy for Type 2 diabetes mellitus, further treatment with rosiglitazone did not increase the risk of AMI compared to patients who were treated with pioglitazone or a sulfonylurea. Though not statistically significantly different compared from each other, an increased risk of AMI observed after starting rosiglitazone or sulfonylureas is a matter of concern that requires more research.     

阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷治疗不稳定型心绞痛200例临床疗效分析

目的:探讨阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷治疗不稳定型心绞痛临床效果。方法:选取我院2012年7月-2013年6月不稳定型心绞痛患者200例,其中88例设置为对照组,在常规治疗基础上应用阿司匹林;观察组112例,在对照组基础上联合应用氯吡格雷治疗。结果:观察组效果评分为3.87±0.03,高于对照组3.24±0.05(P0.05);观察组心绞痛持续时间和心绞痛发作频率分别为3.18±0.03 min和1.39±0.02次/d,均低于对照组3.62±0.07 min和2.81±0.03次/d(P0.05);观察组血浆黏度、红细胞压积和红细胞聚积指数分别为0.78±0.02 P a o s,0.33±0.02 L/L和7.13±0.04(P0.05),均低于对照组(P0.05);两组结果比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);两组不良反应结果比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷治疗不稳定型心绞痛疗效确切,可以进一步提高患者血流变学指标。     

活心丸联合尼可地尔对冠心病稳定型心绞痛患者心功能、血脂和血液流变学的影响

摘要 目的：观察活心丸联合尼可地尔对冠心病稳定型心绞痛（SA）患者心功能、血脂和血液流变学的影响。方法：根据随机数字表法将我院2020年8月至2022年2月期间收治的130例冠心病SA患者分为对照组（尼可地尔治疗,n=65）和联合组（尼可地尔联合活心丸治疗,n=65）。对比两组心功能指标、临床症状改善情况、血液流变学指标、血脂指标、疗效以及不良反应。结果：对照组的总有效率低于联合组（P<0.05）。与对照组治疗3个月后相比,联合组的心绞痛发作持续时间更短,每周发作次数更少,每搏输出量（CO）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、左心室射血分数（LVEF）更高,总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、左室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）、三酰甘油（TG）、全血粘度高切/低切、血浆粘度、纤维蛋白原更低（P<0.05）。对照组与联合组不良反应发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。结论：采用活心丸联合尼可地尔治疗冠心病SA,可提高临床疗效,改善心功能,调节血脂和血液流变学水平。