Parotid abscess due to salmonella enteritidis: A case report

BACKGROUND: Salmonella infection of the parotid gland is rare. CASE: An instance in a 50-year-old man of Salmonella enteritidis parotiditis initially recognized by microbial culture of a fine needle aspiration cytology material is described. The identified predisposing factor was chronic alcoholic abuse. For the infection source, a carrier state of salmonella parotitis was postulated, which progressed to focal abscess and was subsequently complicated by bacteremia and hematogenous spread to the liver, spleen and lungs. CONCLUSION: Salmonella should be included in the differential consideration of head and neck abscesses in immunocompromised individuals and treated aggressively.     

Mammals and long‐distance over‐water colonization: The case for rafting dispersal; the case against phantom causeways

In the absence of evidence suggesting former ice or land bridges, the colonization of remote landmasses by non‐aquatic, non‐flying vertebrates is thought to result from long‐distance over‐water rafting (LDOR). However, Mazza et al. (2019) challenge the notion that mammals can make such journeys citing their perceived physiological inadequacies. They claim that lengthy transits combined with lack of food and water plus the stresses imposed by temperature, humidity and salinity render such passages impossible. We, though, contend that this reasoning is wrong. The few cases where LDOR has been invoked for mammal colonization have all involved small‐bodied animals, several of which are able to drastically reduce their metabolic rates through torpor/hibernation when food and water are scarce. Furthermore, there may be sustenance. Crucially, LDOR obviates the need for miraculous short‐lived causeways and the attendant issue of unrecognized large‐scale bidirectional invasions being made by other organisms that had access to the conduits.     

Monoclonal antibodies against tumor associated antigens

By the use of xeno-immunization, syngeneic immunization, or human lymphocytes, we prepared monoclonal antibodies against human epithelial tumors, especially against bladder tumors. Here, we describe results of antigen analyses and application to the tumor diagnosis.     

Parotid sialography; roentgenologico-surgical correlation in a series of 70 cases

A study was made of the correlation of sialographic, clinical and surgical observations in a series of 70 cases. Sialography is a useful tool in the differentiation between extrinsic and intrinsic space-occupying masses in the parotid region. It permits differentiation between inflammatory lesions and neoplasms, thus eliminating needless surgical explorations. It alerts the surgeon to masses involving the deep lobe. It can be easily performed and causes little discomfort. Bearing in mind its limitations, sialography is an important diagnostic and preoperative aid in the management of parotid lesions.     

化学辅助去核法对绵羊卵母细胞去核率和重构胚发育率的影响

为提高绵羊体细胞核移植的效率,本研究采用一种新的去核方法—化学辅助去核法,对绵羊体外成熟的卵母细胞进行去核,研究了化学诱导剂秋水仙素的处理浓度、作用时间、卵母细胞的成熟时间对去核效果及重构胚发育的影响。结果表明:1)卵母细胞在0.4μg/mL的秋水仙素溶液中分别孵育0.5h和1h,胞质突起率和去核率没有显著的差异,突起率可高达85.4%,去核率达到100%;2)0.2μg/mL或0.4μg/mL秋水仙素溶液将卵母细胞处理0.5h,对去核效果没有显著影响;3)对于体外成熟18～23h的卵母细胞,随着成熟时间的延长,盲吸法的去核率降低,但没有影响秋水仙素诱导胞质突起的比率和去核率;4)两种去核方法对重构胚的发育没有产生显著影响,但成熟21～23h卵母细胞重构胚囊胚的发育率显著高于成熟18～20h卵母细胞重构胚囊胚的发育率。综上所述,本试验优化了绵羊卵母细胞化学辅助的去核程序,利用化学辅助去核法对高卵龄的绵羊卵母细胞进行去核,提高了去核率和重构胚的体外发育率。