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1.
Schnurbusch T Paillard S Schori A Messmer M Schachermayr G Winzeler M Keller B 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2004,108(3):477-484
The Swiss winter bread wheat cv. Forno has a highly effective, durable and quantitative leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) resistance which is associated with leaf tip necrosis (LTN). We studied 240 single seed descent lines of an Arina×Forno F5:7 population to identify and map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for leaf rust resistance and LTN. Percentage of infected leaf area (%) and the response to infection (RI) were evaluated in seven field trials and were transformed to the area under the disease progress curves (AUDPC). Using composite interval mapping and LOD >4.4, we identified eight chromosomal regions specifically associated with resistance. The largest and most consistent leaf rust resistance locus was identified on the short arm of chromosome 7D (32.6% of variance explained for AUDPC_% and 42.6% for AUDPC_RI) together with the major QTL for LTN (R
2=55.6%) in the same chromosomal region as Lr34 (Xgwm295). A second major leaf rust resistance QTL (R
2=28% and 31.5%, respectively) was located on chromosome arm 1BS close to Xgwm604 and was not associated with LTN. Additional minor QTLs for LTN (2DL, 3DL, 4BS and 5AL) and leaf rust resistance were identified. These latter QTLs might correspond to the leaf rust resistance genes Lr2 or Lr22 (2DS) and Lr14a (7BL).Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material ist available in the online version ot this article at
Communicated by H.C. Becker 相似文献
2.
Naz AA Kunert A Lind V Pillen K Léon J 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2008,116(8):1095-1104
The present study aimed to localize exotic quantitative trait locus (QTL) alleles for the improvement of leaf rust (P.
triticina) resistance in an advanced backcross (AB) population, B22, which is derived from a cross between the winter wheat cultivar
Batis (Triticum
aestivum) and the synthetic wheat accession Syn022L. The latter was developed from hybridization of T.
turgidum ssp. dicoccoides and T.
tauschii. Altogether, 250 BC2F3 lines of B22 were assessed for seedling resistance against the leaf rust isolate 77WxR under controlled conditions. In addition,
field resistance against leaf rust was evaluated by assessing symptom severity under natural infestation across multiple environments.
Simultaneously, population B22 was genotyped with a total of 97 SSR markers, distributed over the wheat A, B and D genomes.
The phenotype and genotype data were subjected to QTL analysis by applying a 3-factorial mixed model analysis of variance
including the marker genotype as a fixed effect and the environments, the lines and the marker by environment interactions
as random effects. The QTL analysis revealed six putative QTLs for seedling resistance and seven for field resistance. For
seedling resistance, the effects of exotic QTL alleles improved resistance at all detected loci. The maximum decrease of disease
symptoms (−46.3%) was associated with marker locus Xbarc149 on chromosome 1D. For field resistance, two loci had stable main
effects across environments and five loci exhibited marker by environment interaction effects. The strongest effects were
detected at marker locus Xbarc149 on chromosome 1D, at which the exotic allele decreased seedling symptoms by 46.3% and field
symptoms by 43.6%, respectively. Some of the detected QTLs co-localized with known resistance genes, while others appear to
be as novel resistance loci. Our findings indicate, that the exotic wheat accession Syn022L may be useful for the improvement
of leaf rust resistance in cultivated wheat. 相似文献
3.
Kuchel H Williams KJ Langridge P Eagles HA Jefferies SP 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(8):1029-1041
Grain yield forms one of the key economic drivers behind a successful wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping enterprise and is consequently a major target for wheat breeding programmes. However, due to its complex nature,
little is known regarding the genetic control of grain yield. A doubled-haploid population, comprising 182 individuals, produced
from a cross between two cultivars ‘Trident’ and ‘Molineux’, was used to construct a linkage map based largely on microsatellite
molecular makers. ‘Trident’ represents a lineage of wheat varieties from southern Australia that has achieved consistently
high relative grain yield across a range of environments. In comparison, ‘Molineux’ would be rated as a variety with low to
moderate grain yield. The doubled-haploid population was grown from 2002 to 2005 in replicated field experiments at a range
of environments across the southern Australian wheat belt. In total, grain yield data were recorded for the population at
18 site-year combinations. Grain yield components were also measured at three of these environments. Many loci previously
found to be involved in the control of plant height, rust resistance and ear-emergence were found to influence grain yield
and grain yield components in this population. An additional nine QTL, apparently unrelated to these traits, were also associated
with grain yield. A QTL associated with grain yield on chromosome 1B, with no significant relationship with plant height,
ear-emergence or rust resistance, was detected (LOD ≥2) at eight of the 18 environments. The mean yield, across 18 environments,
of individuals carrying the ‘Molineux’ allele at the 1B locus was 4.8% higher than the mean grain yield of those lines carrying
the ‘Trident’ allele at this locus. Another QTL identified on chromosome 4D was also associated with overall gain yield at
six of the 18 environments. Of the nine grain yield QTL not shown to be associated with plant height, phenology or rust resistance,
two were located near QTL associated with grain yield components. A third QTL, associated with grain yield components at each
of the environments used for testing, was located on chromosome 7D. However, this QTL was not associated with grain yield
at any of the environments. The implications of these findings on marker-assisted selection for grain yield are discussed. 相似文献
4.
Rosewarne GM Singh RP Huerta-Espino J Herrera-Foessel SA Forrest KL Hayden MJ Rebetzke GJ 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2012,124(7):1283-1294
Leaf rust and stripe rust are important diseases of wheat world-wide and deployment of cultivars with genetic resistance is
an effective and environmentally sound control method. The use of minor, additive genes conferring adult plant resistance
(APR) has been shown to provide resistance that is durable. The wheat cultivar ‘Pastor’ originated from the CIMMYT breeding
program that focuses on minor gene-based APR to both diseases by selecting and advancing generations alternately under leaf
rust and stripe rust pressures. As a consequence, Pastor has good resistance to both rusts and was used as the resistant parent
to develop a mapping population by crossing with the susceptible ‘Avocet’. All 148 F5 recombinant inbred lines were evaluated under artificially inoculated epidemic environments for leaf rust (3 environments)
and stripe rust (4 environments, 2 of which represent two evaluation dates in final year due to the late build-up of a new
race virulent to Yr31) in Mexico. Map construction and QTL analysis were completed with 223 polymorphic markers on 84 randomly selected lines in
the population. Pastor contributed Yr31, a moderately effective race-specific gene for stripe rust resistance, which was overcome during this study, and this was
clearly shown in the statistical analysis. Linked or pleiotropic chromosomal regions contributing to resistance against both
pathogens included Lr46/Yr29 on 1BL, the Yr31 region on 2BS, and additional minor genes on 5A, 6B and 7BL. Other minor genes for leaf rust resistance were located on 1B,
2A and 2D and for stripe rust on 1AL, 1B, 3A, 3B, 4D, 6A, 7AS and 7AL. The 1AL, 1BS and 7AL QTLs are in regions that were
not identified previously as having QTLs for stripe rust resistance. The development of uniform and severe epidemics facilitated
excellent phenotyping, and when combined with multi-environment analysis, resulted in the relatively large number of QTLs
identified in this study. 相似文献
5.
Genetic analysis of adult plant,quantitative resistance to stripe rust in wheat cultivar ‘Stephens’ in multi-environment trials 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dolores Vazquez M James Peterson C Riera-Lizarazu O Chen X Heesacker A Ammar K Crossa J Mundt CC 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2012,124(1):1-11
The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar ‘Stephens’ has been grown commercially in the USA Pacific Northwest for 30 years. The durable resistance of
‘Stephens’ to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) was believed to be due to a combination of seedling and adult plant resistance genes. Multilocation field trials, diversity
array technology (DArT), and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for
resistance. Recombinant inbred lines were assessed for stripe rust response in eight locations/years, five in 2008 and three
in 2009. The data from Mt. Vernon, WA, differed from all other environments, and composite interval mapping (CIM) identified
three QTL, QYrst.orr-1AL, QYrst.orr-4BS, and QYrpl.orr-6AL, which accounted for 12, 11, and 6% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. CIM across the remaining six environments identified
four main QTL. Two QTL, QYrst.orr-2BS.2 and QYrst.orr-7AS, were detected in five of six environments and explained 11 and 15% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. Two other QTL,
QYrst.orr-2AS and QYrpl.orr-4BL, were detected across four and three of six environments, and explained 19 and 9% of the phenotypic variance, respectively.
The susceptible parent ‘Platte’ contributed QYrpl.orr-4BL and QYrpl.orr-6AL, with the remaining QTL originating from ‘Stephens’. For each environment, additional minor QTL were detected, each accounting
for 6–10% of the phenotypic variance. Different QTL with moderate effects were identified in both ‘Stephens’ and ‘Platte’.
Significant QTL × environment interactions were evident, suggesting that specificity to plant stage, pathogen genotype, and/or
temperature was important. 相似文献
6.
Bossolini E Krattinger SG Keller B 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,113(6):1049-1062
Hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) originated about 8,000 years ago from the hybridization of tetraploid wheat with diploid Aegilops tauschii Coss. containing the D-genome. Thus, the bread wheat D-genome is evolutionary young and shows a low degree of polymorphism in the bread wheat gene pool. To increase marker density around the durable leaf rust resistance gene Lr34 located on chromosome 7DS, we used molecular information from the orthologous region in rice. Wheat expressed sequence tags (wESTs) were identified by homology with the rice genes in the interval of interest, but were monomorphic in the ‘Arina’ × ‘Forno’ mapping population. To derive new polymorphic markers, bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones representing a total physical size of ∼1 Mb and belonging to four contigs were isolated from Ae. tauschii by hybridization screening with wheat ESTs. Several BAC clones were low-pass sequenced, resulting in a total of ∼560 kb of sequence. Ten microsatellite sequences were found, and three of them were polymorphic in our population and were genetically mapped close to Lr34. Comparative analysis of marker order revealed a large inversion between the rice genome and the wheat D-genome. The SWM10 microsatellite is closely linked to Lr34 and has the same allele in the three independent sources of Lr34: ‘Frontana’, ‘Chinese Spring’, and ‘Forno’, as well in most of the genotypes containing Lr34. Therefore, SWM10 is a highly useful marker to assist selection for Lr34 in breeding programs worldwide. 相似文献
7.
Arron Hyrum Carter X. M. Chen K. Garland-Campbell K. K. Kidwell 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,119(6):1119-1128
Over time, many single, all-stage resistance genes to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are circumvented by race changes in the pathogen. In contrast, high-temperature, adult-plant resistance (HTAP), which
only is expressed during the adult-plant stage and when air temperatures are warm, provides durable protection against stripe
rust. Our objective was to identify major quantitative trait loci (QTL) for HTAP resistance to stripe rust in the spring wheat
cultivar ‘Louise’. The mapping population consisted of 188 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) from a Louise (resistant) by ‘Penawawa’
(susceptible) cross. F5:6 lines were evaluated for stripe rust reaction under natural infection in replicated field trials at five locations in the
US Pacific Northwest in 2007 and 2008. Infection type (IT) and disease severity were recorded for each RIL 2–4 times per location.
In all environments, Penawawa, the susceptible parent, was rated with an IT ranging from 6 to 8 at all growth stages evaluated.
In contrast, Louise, the resistant parent, was rated with an IT of 2 or 3 across growth stages. Distribution of IT values
was bimodal, indicating a single major gene was affecting the trait. The parents and RIL population were evaluated with 295
polymorphic simple sequence repeat and one single nucleotide polymorphism markers. One major QTL, designated QYrlo.wpg-2BS, associated with HTAP resistance in Louise, was detected on chromosome 2BS (LOD scores ranging from 5.5 to 62.3 across locations
and years) within a 16.9 cM region flanked by Xwmc474 and Xgwm148. SSR markers associated with QYrlo.wpg-2BS are currently being used in marker-based forward breeding strategies to transfer the target region into adapted germplasm
to improve the durability of resistance in resulting cultivars. 相似文献
8.
Delourme R Piel N Horvais R Pouilly N Domin C Vallée P Falentin C Manzanares-Dauleux MJ Renard M 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2008,117(7):1055-1067
The most common and effective way to control phoma stem canker (blackleg) caused by Leptosphaeria maculans in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is by breeding resistant cultivars. Specific resistance genes have been identified in B. napus and related species but in some B. napus cultivars resistance is polygenic [mediated by quantitative trait loci (QTL)], postulated to be race non-specific and durable.
The genetic basis of quantitative resistance in the French winter oilseed rape ‘Darmor’, which was derived from ‘Jet Neuf’,
was previously examined in two genetic backgrounds. Stable QTL involved in blackleg resistance across year and genetic backgrounds
were identified. In this study, near isogenic lines (NILs) were produced in the susceptible background ‘Yudal’ for four of
these QTL using marker-assisted selection. Various strategies were used to develop new molecular markers, which were mapped
in these QTL regions. These were used to characterize the length and homozygosity of the ‘Darmor-bzh’ introgressed segment in the NILs. Individuals from each NIL were evaluated in blackleg disease field trials and assessed
for their level of stem canker in comparison to the recurrent line ‘Yudal’. The effect of QTL LmA2 was clearly validated and to a lesser extent, QTL LmA9 also showed an effect on the disease level. This work provides valuable material that can be used to study the mode of action
of genetic factors involved in L. maculans quantitative resistance. 相似文献
9.
QTL mapping of adult-plant resistances to stripe rust and leaf rust in Chinese wheat cultivar Bainong 64 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Y Ren Z Li Z He L Wu B Bai C Lan C Wang G Zhou H Zhu X Xia 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2012,125(6):1253-1262
Stripe rust and leaf rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Erikss. and P. triticina, respectively, are devastating fungal diseases of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Chinese wheat cultivar Bainong 64 has maintained acceptable adult-plant resistance (APR) to stripe rust, leaf rust and powdery mildew for more than 10?years. The aim of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci/locus (QTL) for resistance to the two rusts in a population of 179 doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from Bainong 64?×?Jingshuang 16. The DH lines were planted in randomized complete blocks with three replicates at four locations. Stripe rust tests were conducted using a mixture of currently prevalent P. striiformis races, and leaf rust tests were performed with P. triticina race THTT. Leaf rust severities were scored two or three times, whereas maximum disease severities (MDS) were recorded for stripe rust. Using bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, five independent loci for APR to two rusts were detected. The QTL on chromosomes 1BL and 6BS contributed by Bainong 64 conferred resistance to both diseases. The loci identified on chromosomes 7AS and 4DL had minor effects on stripe rust response, whereas another locus, close to the centromere on chromosome 6BS, had a significant effect only on leaf rust response. The loci located on chromosomes 1BL and 4DL also had significant effects on powdery mildew response. These were located at the same positions as the Yr29/Lr46 and Yr46/Lr67 genes, respectively. The multiple disease resistance locus for APR on chromosome 6BS appears to be new. All three genes and their closely linked molecular markers could be used in breeding wheat cultivars with durable resistance to multiple diseases. 相似文献
10.
Maria Buerstmayr Lydia Matiasch Fabio Mascher Gyula Vida Marianna Ittu Olivier Robert Sarah Holdgate Kerstin Flath Anton Neumayer Hermann Buerstmayr 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2014,127(9):2011-2028
Key message
We detected several, most likely novel QTL for adult plant resistance to rusts. Notably three QTL improved resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust simultaneously indicating broad spectrum resistance QTL.Abstract
The rusts of wheat (Puccinia spp.) are destructive fungal wheat diseases. The deployment of resistant cultivars plays a central role in integrated rust disease management. Durability of resistance would be preferred, but is difficult to analyse. The Austrian winter wheat cultivar Capo was released in the 1989 and grown on a large acreage during more than two decades and maintained a good level of quantitative leaf rust and stripe rust resistance. Two bi-parental mapping populations: Capo × Arina and Capo × Furore were tested in multiple environments for severity of leaf rust and stripe rust at the adult plant stage in replicated field experiments. Quantitative trait loci associated with leaf rust and stripe rust severity were mapped using DArT and SSR markers. Five QTL were detected in multiple environments associated with resistance to leaf rust designated as QLr.ifa-2AL, QLr.ifa-2BL, QLr.ifa-2BS, QLr.ifa-3BS, and QLr.ifa-5BL, and five for resistance to stripe rust QYr.ifa-2AL, QYr.ifa-2BL, QYr.ifa-3AS, QYr.ifa-3BS, and QYr.ifa-5A. For all QTL apart from two (QYr.ifa-3AS, QLr.ifa-5BL) Capo contributed the resistance improving allele. The leaf rust and stripe rust resistance QTL on 2AL, 2BL and 3BS mapped to the same chromosome positions, indicating either closely linked genes or pleiotropic gene action. These three multiple disease resistance QTL (QLr.ifa-2AL/QYr.ifa-2AL, QLr.ifa.2BL/QYr.ifa-2BL, QLr.ifa-3BS/QYr.ifa.3BS) potentially contribute novel resistance sources for stripe rust and leaf rust. The long-lasting resistance of Capo apparently rests upon a combination of several genes. The described germplasm, QTL and markers are applicable for simultaneous resistance improvement against leaf rust and stripe rust. 相似文献11.
Rosewarne GM Singh RP Huerta-Espino J William HM Bouchet S Cloutier S McFadden H Lagudah ES 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,112(3):500-508
Resistance based on slow-rusting genes has proven to be a useful strategy to develop wheat cultivars with durable resistance
to rust diseases in wheat. However this type of resistance is often difficult to incorporate into a single genetic background
due to the polygenic and additive nature of the genes involved. Therefore, markers, both molecular and phenotypic, are useful
tools to facilitate the use of this type of resistance in wheat breeding programs. We have used field assays to score for
both leaf and yellow rust in an Avocet-YrA × Attila population that segregates for several slow-rusting leaf and yellow rust resistance genes. This population was analyzed
with the AFLP technique and the slow-rusting resistance locus Lr46/Yr29 was identified. A common set of AFLP and SSR markers linked to the Lr46/Yr29 locus was identified and validated in other recombinant inbred families developed from single chromosome recombinant populations
that segregated for Lr46. These populations segregated for leaf tip necrosis (LTN) in the field, a trait that had previously been associated with
Lr34/Yr18. We show that LTN is also pleiotropic or closely linked to the Lr46/Yr29 locus and suggest that a new Ltn gene designation should be given to this locus, in addition to the one that already exists for Lr34/Yr18. Coincidentally, members of a small gene family encoding β-1 proteasome subunits located on group 1L and 7S chromosomes implicated
in plant defense were linked to the Lr34/Yr18 and Lr46/Yr29 loci. 相似文献
12.
A. Singh R. E. Knox R. M. DePauw A. K. Singh R. D. Cuthbert H. L. Campbell S. Shorter S. Bhavani 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2014,127(11):2465-2477
Key message
In wheat, advantageous gene-rich or pleiotropic regions for stripe, leaf, and stem rust and epistatic interactions between rust resistance loci should be accounted for in plant breeding strategies.Abstract
Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. tritici Eriks) contribute to major production losses in many regions worldwide. The objectives of this research were to identify and study epistatic interactions of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for stripe and leaf rust resistance in a doubled haploid (DH) population derived from the cross of Canadian wheat cultivars, AC Cadillac and Carberry. The relationship of leaf and stripe rust resistance QTL that co-located with stem rust resistance QTL previously mapped in this population was also investigated. The Carberry/AC Cadillac population was genotyped with DArT® and simple sequence repeat markers. The parents and population were phenotyped for stripe rust severity and infection response in field rust nurseries in Kenya (Njoro), Canada (Swift Current), and New Zealand (Lincoln); and for leaf rust severity and infection response in field nurseries in Canada (Swift Current) and New Zealand (Lincoln). AC Cadillac was a source of stripe rust resistance QTL on chromosomes 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 5B, and 7B; and Carberry was a source of resistance on chromosomes 2B, 4B, and 7A. AC Cadillac contributed QTL for resistance to leaf rust on chromosome 2A and Carberry contributed QTL on chromosomes 2B and 4B. Stripe rust resistance QTL co-localized with previously reported stem rust resistance QTL on 2B, 3B, and 7B, while leaf rust resistance QTL co-localized with 4B stem rust resistance QTL. Several epistatic interactions were identified both for stripe and leaf rust resistance QTL. We have identified useful combinations of genetic loci with main and epistatic effects. Multiple disease resistance regions identified on chromosomes 2A, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, and 7B are prime candidates for further investigation and validation of their broad resistance. 相似文献13.
Candidate gene analysis of quantitative disease resistance in wheat 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
J. D. Faris W. L. Li D. J. Liu P. D. Chen B. S. Gill 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,98(2):219-225
Knowledge of the biological significance underlying quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for disease resistance is generally limited.
In recent years, advances in plant-microbe interactions and genome mapping have lead to an increased understanding of the
genes involved in plant defense and quantitative disease resistance. Here, we report on the application of the candidate-gene
approach to the mapping of QTLs for disease resistance in a population of wheat recombinant inbreds. Over 50 loci, representing
several classes of defense response (DR) genes, were placed on an existing linkage map and the genome was surveyed for QTLs
associated with resistance to several diseases including tan spot, leaf rust, Karnal bunt, and stem rust. Analysis revealed
QTLs with large effects in regions of putative resistance (R) genes, as previously reported. Several candidate genes, including
oxalate oxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, chitinase and thaumatin, mapped within previously identified resistance
QTLs and explained a greater amount of the phenotypic variation. A cluster of closely linked DR genes on the long arm of chromosome
7B, which included genes for catalase, chitinase, thaumatins and an ion channel regulator, had major effects for resistance
to leaf rust of adult plants under conditions of natural infestation. The results of this study indicate that many minor resistance
QTLs may be from the action of DR genes, and that the candidate-gene approach can be an efficient method of QTL identification.
Received: 12 June 1998 / Accepted: 24 July 1998 相似文献
14.
C.-G. Chu T. L. Friesen S. S. Xu J. D. Faris J. A. Kolmer 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,119(2):263-269
Pyramiding of genes that confer partial resistance is a method for developing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with durable resistance to leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina. In this research, a doubled haploid population derived from the cross between the synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) (×Aegilotriticum spp.) line TA4152-60 and the North Dakota breeding line ND495 was used for identifying genes conferring partial resistance
to leaf rust in both the adult plant and seedling stages. Five QTLs located on chromosome arms 3AL, 3BL, 4DL, 5BL and 6BL
were associated with adult plant resistance with the latter four representing novel leaf rust resistance QTLs. Resistance
effects of the 4DL QTL were contributed by ND495 and the effects of the other QTLs were contributed by the SHW line. The QTL
on chromosome arm 3AL had large effects and also conferred seedling resistance to leaf rust races MJBJ, TDBG and MFPS. The
other major QTL, which was on chromosome arm 3BL, conferred seedling resistance to race MFPS and was involved in a significant
interaction with a locus on chromosome arm 5DS. The QTLs and the associated molecular markers identified in this research
can be used to develop wheat cultivars with potentially durable leaf rust resistance. 相似文献
15.
Morten Lillemo Arun K. Joshi Ravindra Prasad Ramesh Chand Ravi P. Singh 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2013,126(3):711-719
Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a major disease of wheat in warm and humid wheat growing regions of the world including south Asian countries such as India, Nepal and Bangladesh. The CIMMYT bread wheat line Saar which carries the leaf tip necrosis (LTN)-associated rust resistance genes Lr34 and Lr46 has exhibited a low level of spot blotch disease in field trials conducted in Asia and South America. One hundred and fourteen recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of Avocet (Susceptible) × Saar, were evaluated along with parents in two dates of sowing in India for 3 years (2007–2008 to 2009–2010) to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with spot blotch resistance, and to determine the potential association of Lr34 and Lr46 with resistance to this disease. Lr34 was found to constitute the main locus for spot blotch resistance, and explained as much as 55 % of the phenotypic variation in the mean disease data across the six environments. Based on the large effect, the spot blotch resistance at this locus has been given the gene designation Sb1. Two further, minor QTL were detected in the sub-population of RILs not containing Lr34. The first of these was located about 40 cM distal to Lr34 on 7DS, and the other corresponded to Lr46 on 1BL. A major implication for wheat breeding is that Lr34 and Lr46, which are widely used in wheat breeding to improve resistance to rust diseases and powdery mildew, also have a beneficial effect on spot blotch. 相似文献
16.
17.
Lowe I Jankuloski L Chao S Chen X See D Dubcovsky J 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,123(1):143-157
A mapping population of 186 recombinant inbred lines developed from a cross between UC1110, an adapted California spring wheat,
and PI610750, a synthetic derivative from CIMMYT’s Wide Cross Program, was evaluated for its response to current California
races of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in replicated field trials over four seasons (2007–2010) in the northern Sacramento Valley. A genetic map was constructed
consisting of 1,494 polymorphic probes (SSRs, DArTs, and ESTs) mapped to 558 unique loci, and QTL analysis revealed the presence
of four stripe rust resistance QTL segregating in this population, two from UC1110 (on chromosomes 3BS and 2BS) and two from
PI610750 (5AL and 2AS). The two QTL of largest effects (on 3BS and 5AL) were validated in independent populations and their
intervals narrowed to 2.5 and 5.3 cM, respectively. The 3BS QTL was shown, by allelism test and genotype, to carry a gene
different from the Yr30/Sr2 complex. Mapped position also suggests that the 3BS QTL is associated with a gene different from either Yrns-B1 or YrRub, two stripe rust resistance genes mapped to this region in other studies. The 5AL QTL carries a previously unreported partial
stripe rust resistance gene, designated here as Yr48. This paper discusses the individual contributions to resistance of these four QTL, their epistatic interactions, and their
potential in durable resistance breeding strategies based on combinations of partial resistance genes. 相似文献
18.
A. Singh M. P. Pandey A. K. Singh R. E. Knox K. Ammar J. M. Clarke F. R. Clarke R. P. Singh C. J. Pozniak R. M. DePauw B. D. McCallum R. D. Cuthbert H. S. Randhawa T. G. Fetch Jr. 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2013,31(2):405-418
Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.), stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. tritici Eriks.) and stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) cause major production losses in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum). The objective of this research was to identify and map leaf, stripe and stem rust resistance loci from the French cultivar Sachem and Canadian cultivar Strongfield. A doubled haploid population from Sachem/Strongfield and parents were phenotyped for seedling reaction to leaf rust races BBG/BN and BBG/BP and adult plant response was determined in three field rust nurseries near El Batan, Obregon and Toluca, Mexico. Stripe rust response was recorded in 2009 and 2011 nurseries near Toluca and near Njoro, Kenya in 2010. Response to stem rust was recorded in field nurseries near Njoro, Kenya, in 2010 and 2011. Sachem was resistant to leaf, stripe and stem rust. A major leaf rust quantitative trait locus (QTL) was identified on chromosome 7B at Xgwm146 in Sachem. In the same region on 7B, a stripe rust QTL was identified in Strongfield. Leaf and stripe rust QTL around DArT marker wPt3451 were identified on chromosome 1B. On chromosome 2B, a significant leaf rust QTL was detected conferred by Strongfield, and at the same QTL, a Yr gene derived from Sachem conferred resistance. Significant stem rust resistance QTL were detected on chromosome 4B. Consistent interactions among loci for resistance to each rust type across nurseries were detected, especially for leaf rust QTL on 7B. Sachem and Strongfield offer useful sources of rust resistance genes for durum rust breeding. 相似文献
19.
Berit Samils Ann-Christin R?nnberg-W?stljung Jan Stenlid 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2011,7(6):1219-1235
Genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to Melampsora leaf rust was performed in two willow families: the progeny from a backcross between Salix viminalis and a hybrid S. viminalis × Salix schwerinii (population S1), and the F1 progeny of a cross between two S. viminalis (population S3). Disease levels were scored in the field for three consecutive years. In the laboratory, five different rust strains were
sprayed onto leaf disks and the following resistance components were scored: latent period, diameter and number of uredinia,
and flecking. One major QTL and 14 smaller were identified in the S1 host population. One rust strain, that represents a Melampsora form with limited incidence on S. viminalis, showed lower aggressiveness to the S1 host population together with a different pattern in QTLs. In the S3 host population, we detected 13 QTLs for rust resistance, of which two were located to the same genomic regions as those
found for the S1 population. We showed that the strongest QTL co-segregated with a gene homologous to a known Toll/interleukin receptor-nucleotide
binding site-leucine-rich repeat resistance gene in poplar. The importance of the identified QTLs is discussed in relation
to breeding for durable resistance. 相似文献
20.
Matthew N. Rouse Luther E. Talbert Davinder Singh Jamie D. Sherman 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2014,127(7):1549-1559