共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
A two-step protocol for the induction of shoots from Alstroemeria leaf explants has been developed. Leaf explants with stem node tissue attached were incubated on shoot induction medium for
10 days, and then transferred to regeneration medium. Shoots from the area adjacent to the region between the leaf base and
node tissue regenerated within 3 weeks after transfer to the regeneration medium, without a callus phase. The best induction
was obtained with Murashige and Skoog medium containing 10 μm thidiazuron and 0.5 μm indole butyric acid. The regeneration medium contained 2.2 μm 6-benzylaminopurine. After several subcultures of the leaf explants with induced shoots, normal plantlets with rhizome were
formed. In Alstroemeria, the percentage of responding leaf explants is more important than the number of shoots regenerated per leaf explant, because
rhizome formation is the most important factor for micropropagation. The effect of other compounds in the induction medium,
including glucose, sucrose, silver nitrate, and ancymidol, on regeneration was also investigated.
Received: 14 June 1996 / Revision received: 27 September 1996 / Accepted: 20 October 1996 相似文献
2.
A procedure for multiple shoot formation from cotyledonary node explants of Eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis L.) cultured on DKW medium containing benzyladenine (BA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) was developed. Explants on medium with TDZ
in combination with BA produced higher numbers of shoots than with either cytokinin alone. The highest number of shoots (7.8
to 9.8 shoots per explant) was obtained when explants from 4 to 10 day-old seedlings were treated with a combination of 10
or 15 μM BA and 0.5 or 1.0 μM TDZ for 20 days before being transferred to the same medium without TDZ. The number of shoots
formed was increased from 5.8 to 7.2 shoots per explant by cutting through the cotyledonary node prior to culture. Histological
studies indicated that the shoots were formed from actively dividing cells located at the axillary bud region. Shoots formed
roots in half strength woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 10 to 200 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) cultured for 15
days prior to transfer to greenhouse medium. 相似文献
3.
A reliable plant regeneration system is described for the production of adventitious shoots from root explants of spinach.
Explants from roots of axenic shoots and roots induced on cultured hypocotyl explants were used for adventitious shoot induction.
Explants from apical, middle and basal root regions were incubated on Nitsch and Nitsch medium supplemented with α-naphthaleneacetic
acid, gibberellic acid and kinetin. Optimum shoot regeneration was from explants of apical and middle root regions on medium
with 20 μm
α-naphthaleneacetic acid and 5.0 μm gibberellic acid. Shoots originated directly from root tissues without an intervening callus phase. Adventitious shoots were
rooted and were grown to maturity in the glasshouse. This plant regeneration procedure has been exploited in preliminary studies
of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.
Received: 27 February 1996 / Revision received: 22 August 1996 / Accepted: 30 September 1996 相似文献
4.
Summary A protocol for clonal propagation of eastern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) was enhanced by optimizing the shoot multiplication stage using unbranched in vitro-produced shoots. This was achieved
by careful selection of different medium components. An optimum range of 10 to 14 axillary shoots was obtained when shoots
were cultured on half-strength Quiorin and LePoivre medium containing 10μM filter-sterilized zeatin for 3 wk. Transfer of the treated shoots to cytokinin-free medium containing 0.05% activated charcoal
improved both the number and quality of the axillary shoots produced. Maximum axillary bud induction was also accomplished
when shoots were pulsed in 1 mM liquid, filter-sterilized zeatin for 3 h, and then transferred to half-strength Quiorin and LePoivre, charcoal-containing
medium. Inclusion of 4% sucrose improved the number of axillary shoots obtained. Half strength of the major salts produced
an optimum response. Shoots obtained from different cultures (1 to 5 yr old) responded similarly to the applied cytokinin;
however, newly induced shoots (4 mo. old) gave a significantly higher response. 相似文献
5.
Maurizio Lambardi Kiran K. Sharma Trevor A. Thorpe 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1993,29(4):189-199
Summary Studies were undertaken to optimize tissue culture conditions for micropropagation of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) from mature embryos and various explants of the embryo. Over 90% of the embryo explants gave rise to adventitious
buds within 4 wk. Intact embryos were the most suitable explants for shoot bud induction. Both isolated cotyledons and hypocotyls
produced adventitious buds, but these developed slowly and failed to elongate. N6-Benzyladenine (BA) alone at 5.0μM was the most effective cytokinin when added to gelled to gelled von Arnold and Eriksson’s (AE) medium containing 3% sucrose.
Adventitious bud development was achieved on hormone-free AE medium, and shoot elongation was optimum on three quarter-strength
Bornman’s MCM medium, with 0.1% conifer-derived activated charcoal. Shoots were multiplied on three-quarter strength MCM medium,
containing 5μM BA. To induce adventitious roots on the elongated shoots, pulse treatment with 1 mM IBA for 6 h, followed by the transfer of the shoots to sterile peat:vermiculite (1:1) mixture, was beneficial. After acclimatization
for 3 to 4 wk under mist, almost all the rooted shoots could be transplanted successfully to the greenhouse, where the plants
exhibited normal growth habit. Histologic studies on the ontogeny of adventitious shoot formation from mature embryo explants
revealed temporal structural changes in different parts of the explant. Induction of mitotic divisions on the shoot-forming
medium resulted in the formation of meristemoids in the epidermal and subepidermal layers of the explant, located initially
at both the tips of the cotyledons and the axils of adjacent cotyledons. Shoot buds arising in the axils of adjacent cotyledons
were due to new cell division and not to any preexisting meristem. 相似文献
6.
A. Vasudevan N. Selvaraj A. Ganapathi C. W. Choi M. Manickavasagam S. Kasthurirengan 《Biologia Plantarum》2007,51(3):521-524
Embryonal axis explants from 2-d-old in vitro germinated seeds were used to induce multiple shoot production. The combination of 4.44 μM BA and 1.59 μM NAA in MS medium
triggered the initiation of adventitious shoot buds. The explants with shoot buds produced maximum number of shoots (10.6
per explant) in MS medium supplemented with 4.44 μM BA and 0.065 mM L-glutamine in three successive transfers. The elongated
shoots were rooted on MS medium with 4.92 μM IBA. Rooted plants were transferred to soil with a survival rate of 65 %. 相似文献
7.
J. Ponsamuel D. V. Huhman B. G. Cassidy D. Post-Beittenmiller 《Plant cell reports》1998,17(5):373-378
Shoot buds were induced from plumular explants of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L., cv `Okrun') preconditioned on medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and kinetin and then transferred to regeneration
medium containing benzylaminopurine and β-naphthoxyacetic acid. Buds differentiated 25 days following transfer to regeneration medium. Each explant produced 30 to
40 buds, but only 4 shoots. The remaining buds were dormant and did not produce shoots when maintained on regeneration medium.
Shoots were regenerated continuously, however, when explants were subsequently transferred to shoot conversion medium containing
1 μM brassin, benzylaminopurine and β-naphthoxyacetic acid, respectively. Approximately 5 shoots were harvested every 30 days after transfer to shoot conversion
medium for up to 7 months. No further shoot production was observed from explants maintained on regeneration medium without
brassin. Regenerated shoots could be rooted and produced viable seeds. This procedure provides an efficient and reliable system
for regeneration and transformation studies using cv `Okrun'.
Received: 9 April 1997 / Revision received: 27 August 1997 / Accepted: 20 September 1997 相似文献
8.
Lissette Valverde-Cerdas Magaly Dufour Victor M. Villalobos 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1997,33(1):38-42
Summary Plants were obtained via organogenesis from hypocotyl explants of Pithecellobium saman (Jacq.) Benth. (raintree) on Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with N6-benzyladenine (BA). Adventitious bud induction was affected by mineral salts and benzyladenine concentrations, explant age,
position of explant on the medium, and BA exposure time. The best results were obtained with explants cultured on half-strength
MS medium containing 26.6 μM BA, with explants of 5 and 10 d after germination placed horizontally and a 7 d-exposure period to BA. The proximal and intermediate
section of hypocotyls showed the highest organogenic response. Bud development and shoot elongation was promoted by increased
concentrations of activated charcoal in the culture medium. Gibberellic acid had no effect on shoot development. Rooting percentages
decreased when shoots were exposed for more than 24 h to indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Maximum rooting was obtained with 369.0
μM IBA. The aerial and root systems of greenhouse plantlets were similar to those of seedlings. 相似文献
9.
The effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) alone or in combination with naphthaleneacetic acid or indoleacetic acid on the
morphogenetic response of cotyledon explants of Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. was tested. The best results were obtained with a medium containing 25 μm 6-BA, which yielded organogenic calli at a frequency of 81.8%. When these organogenic calli were transferred to elongation
medium (basal medium supplemented with 0.5 μm 6-BA), 80% produced well-developed shoots. These shoots rooted normally when cultured on rooting medium containing indolebutyric
acid at 2.5 or 5.0 μm. Plants grew to maturity under greenhouse conditions and gave normal fruits. Cotyledon explants were transformed by cocultivation
with Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 carrying the binary vector pBI121 which bears the reporter gene β-glucuronidase (gus) and the marker gene neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII). Transformants were selected for growth capacity on medium with 100 mgl–1 of kanamycin. On the basis of β-glucuronidase expression, the transformation frequency was 14.2%. Molecular characterization by polymerase chain reaction
confirmed the presence of the two genes transferred (gus, nptII) in the transgenic plants. Sexual transmission of both genes was also confirmed by studying their expression in progenies
from several transgenic plants.
Received: 9 May 1996 / Revision received: 3 December 1996 / Accepted: 20 January 1997 相似文献
10.
Jing Qin Mao Mohsin Abbas Zaidi John Thor Arnason Illimar Altosaar 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2006,87(2):121-125
An in vitro regeneration system was developed in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] Blackeye. Among several explants studied, shoot initiation response was observed from shoot apices of 3–5-day-old seedlings. The optimal medium for maximum shoot initiation comprised MS salts, B5 vitamins, 8.88 μM N
6-benzylaminopurine, 1 gl-1 casein hydrolysate, 342 μM L-glutamine, 3% sucrose, 0.3% phytagel, adjusted to pH 5.8. A shift in pH from 5.8 to 7.0 had no effect on shoot initiation and on number of shoots per explant. The highest shoot initiation frequency (77%) was obtained using this preferred medium, reaching a maximum of eight shoots per explant. For shoot elongation, 14 μM gibberellic acid was supplemented in the shoot initiation medium. Presence of indolebutyric acid in the rooting medium had no effect on root induction. The regenerated plants were fertile and developed normally. 相似文献
11.
The micropropagation of adult Cleistanthus collinus was accomplished. The nodal segments from terminal twigs of a 15-year-old tree and basal sprouts of a comparable chronological
age were used for initiating shoot bud cultures. Washing explants with sterile mixtures of citric acid (520.5 μM) and PVP 40 (3.75 μM) three to four times controlled the leaching of brown inhibitory substances into the establishment medium. Axillary shoots
proliferated best on MS medium containing citric acid (104.1 μM), and PVP 40 (12.5 or 25 μM) supplemented with 0.44 μM BA. The number of new shoots from nodal segments of explants placed on MS medium supplemented with 0.44 μM BA increased when the remaining lengths of nodal segments were transferred to fresh medium after the longer microshoots were
harvested. The microshoots derived from basal sprouts rooted best (50%) when treated with 11.4 mM IAA for 2 min, whereas only 40% of the microshoots derived from terminal twigs produced roots after a 2-min exposure to 28.5
mM IAA. The placement of BA-soaked agar cubes on the apex-decapitated shoots controlled shoot-tip necrosis considerably. In
general, explants from basal sprouts were more suitable than terminal twig explants for the micropropagation of adult trees
of C. collinus.
Received: 26 February 1997 / Revision received: 13 September 1997 / Accepted: 29 September 1997 相似文献
12.
J. Adelberg 《Plant cell reports》1998,17(3):225-229
Ninety-eight percent of Cucumis metuliferus (PI 482439) cotyledons regenerated shoot buds after 5 weeks on basal Murashige and Skoog medium amended with 10 μm benzyladenine. Regeneration rates of explants maintained only on agar-gelled medium versus explants induced first on a liquid/membrane
system were compared after weekly transfers of tissue from liquid/membrane to agar during the first 5 weeks of regeneration.
The number of regenerant buds increased from six per cotyledon (on agar-gelled medium) to nine per cotyledon when explants
induced on the liquid/membrane system for 3 or 4 weeks were transferred to agar-gelled medium. Shoot development, rooting
and survival in the greenhouse were adequate, regardless of whether regeneration was initiated on the agar or liquid/membrane
system. Tetraploid regenerants accounted for 9% of the 391 regenerants screened. Pollen morphology was a reliable screening
technique to identify tetraploid plants. The frequency of tetraploid plants varied from 13.5% to 6.9% after 5 weeks of induction
on the agar or liquid/membrane system, respectively. This frequency decreased to 1.5% if the explants were transferred from
the liquid/membrane system to agar after the first week of induction. Transfers during this period play a critical role in
eliminating tetraploid variants.
Received: 17 June 1996 / Revision received: 27 August 1996 / Accepted: 10 March 1997 相似文献
13.
Genotypic response of cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) to in vitro regeneration from cotyledon explants
M. S. Brar J. M. Al-Khayri T. E. Morelock E. J. Anderson 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1999,35(1):8-12
Summary A plant regeneration system applicable to 17 cowpea genotypes was developed. Cotyledons were initiated on 1/3 MS medium containing
15 to 35 mg N6-benzyladenine (BA) per 1 (66.6 to 155.3 μM) for 5 to 15 d. For shoot regeneration, the explants were transferred to a medium containing 1 mg BA per 1 (4.4 μM). Within 1 wk, shoot formation was visible at the proximal end of the cotyledons. Regeneration percentages (1% to 11%) and
the numbers of shoots (4 to 12 per explant) were significantly influenced by genotype. Culture duration and BA concentration
in the initiation stage significantly affected regeneration capacity. Explants initiated on media containing 15 mg BA per
1 for 5 d resulted in the highest percentage of explants capable of regeneration. Conversely, the highest number of shoots
was obtained from explants initiated on media supplemented with 35 mg BA per 1. Whole plants were obtained on a plant growth
regulator-free medium. To our knowledge, this is the first report of plant regeneration from U.S. commercial cowpea cultivars
and breeding lines. This system is adaptable to diverse cowpea genotypes and will facilitate cowpea genetic transformation.
Published with the approval of the Director of the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. 相似文献
14.
M.R. Rady 《Biologia Plantarum》1997,39(4):515-522
Friable calli were induced from mature excised shoots of Bambusa vulgaris on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 2.2 μM6-benzylamino-purine (BAP), 9.04 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid and 14.76 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) with 3 % (m/v) saccharose. Adventitious shoots with root hairs were achieved
from calli on MS medium supplemented with 13.33 μM BAP and 1.23 - 2.46 μM IBA within 4 weeks of subculture. The frequency
of shoot bud regeneration was better in the light incubated cultures than in the dark incubated cultures. Isolated shoots
were rooted on liquid half-strength MS basal medium supplemented with 0.49 μM IBA and 2 % (m/v) saccharose. Histological observations
confirmed the regeneration of shoot buds from calli. The rooted plantlets were successfully transferred to greenhouse.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
Direct shoot formation and plant regeneration from cotyledon explants of rapid-cycling Brassica rapa
Winnie Teo Prakash Lakshmanan Prakash Kumar Chong-Jin Goh Sanjay Swarup 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1997,33(4):288-292
Summary An in vitro culture system for direct shoot regeneration from cotyledon explants of rapid-cycling Brassica rapa was developed. Cotyledons from 3-d-old seedlings, when cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 20 μM N6-benzyladenine (BA) and 2 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), regenerated shoots directly at a frequency of 20%. The addition of 2 μM aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) to this medium increased shoot regeneration to 33%, but silver nitrate drastically inhibited
shoot regeneration. Shoot regeneration occurred directly, at the petiolar cut ends of cotyledonary explants, between 10 to
17 d in culture. The highest percentage of regeneration (33%) was obtained from 3-d-old seedlings. NAA was the most effective
auxin for root induction and development, with 49% of shoots producing roots after 2 wk on medium containing 1.0 μM NAA. Regenerated plantlets were grown to maturity in pots containing peat moss and vermiculite (1:1). These plants were morphologically
normal and fertile. With this protocol, over 100 independently derived, flowering R0 plants were obtained from 40 regenerating cotyledonary explants within 40 d after culture initiation. 相似文献
16.
Shoot apices of Pinus roxburghii Sarg were cultured on Murashige and Skoog’s medium (MS) supplemented with cytokinins [6-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin and N-benzyl-9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl)
adenine (BPA)] alone and in combination with auxin, α-napthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Of the three cytokinins tested at varying
concentrations, medium supplemented with 10 μM BA was found optimal in respect of explant responsiveness (97.22 %) and average
number of buds induced per explant (7.42). The concentration of cytokinins in the induction medium had a profound effect on
rate of elongation of induced buds on MS basal medium containing 0.5 % activated charcoal. Further, shoots induced on lower
concentrations of BA increased up to 2.4 times in length in 4 weeks. Decapitation of the explant enhanced the rate of axillary
bud elongation. Proliferating shoot cultures were established by sub-culturing the axillary shoots on MS supplemented with
10 μM BA. Shoots 2–3 cm in length were suitable for culturing as more buds were induced on them compared to longer or shorter
shoots. Root primordia were induced on 70.83 % shoots when transferred to 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 5.0 μM NAA. Elongation
of root primordia (60 %) was achieved in liquid 1/2 MS basal medium. The plantlets were successfully transferred to soil after
hardening; the time period from initiation of shoot buds to transplantation being 20–22 weeks. 相似文献
17.
Shamsudeen Varisai Mohamed Jih-Min Sung Toong-Long Jeng Chang-Sheng Wang 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2006,86(2):187-199
A step-wise procedure for the regeneration of fertile plants by organogenesis from cultures of the economically important Phaseolus angularis L., cultivars: KS-6, KS-7 and KS-8 using etiolated seedlings was established. Pre-culture of 5-day old seedling explants with MS (Murashige and Skoog (1962) Physiol Plant 15:473–493) + B5-vitamins (Gamborg et al. (1968) Exp Cell Res 50:151–158) liquid medium containing either 5.0 μM TDZ or 5.0 μM BAP under dark condition was essential for organogenesis. Bud growth and shoot multiplication were stimulated by reducing the BAP concentrations from 5.0 to 2.5 μM after 3 weeks. The maximum frequency of shoot induction was 65.2% (33.8 ± 2.54 shoots/explant) in cultivar KS-8 followed by KS-7 34.6% (23.4 ± 1.91 shoots/explant) and KS-6 30.6% (21.2 ± 2.28 shoots/explant). The multiplied buds elongated after transferring to solid MSB5 medium supplemented with 4.0 μM GA3, 12.5 μM AgNO3 and 0.4 μM IBA. Up to 98% rooting efficiency of was obtained when the shoots were pulse-treated with liquid medium containing 4.5 μM IBA for 10 min. The rooted plantlets were transferred to pots in the greenhouse, where they grew, mature, flowered and bared pod normally. The efficient shoot bud induction capability was found to be cultivar dependent. All the three cultivars tested formed multiple shoots. This efficient and rapid regeneration system may also be helpful for Agrobacterium- or particle gun-mediated transformation for this important legume crop. 相似文献
18.
C. Dimps Rao Chong-Jin Goh Prakash P. Kumar 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1993,29(2):72-76
Summary Rapid regeneration of multiple shoots ofPaulownia fortunei was obtained from the petiolar ends of leaf explants from in vitro grown shoots. The optimal shoot-inducing treatment was
Murashige-Skoog medium supplemented with 4μM naphthaleneacetic acid and 20μM N6-benzyladenine. Shoot buds were visible in more than 80% of the explants, mainly from the petiolar cut ends, by 7 days in
culture. Shoot growth was promoted by transferring explants to fresh medium once every 2 wk. As many as 43 shoots per explant
were obtained in 13 wk. Regenerated shoots could be easily rooted and successfully transplanted to a peat-based potting mixture. 相似文献
19.
Manfred Jusaitis 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1995,31(3):140-143
Summary The endangeredPhebalium equestre D. A. Cooke and the rarePhebalium hillebrandii J. H. Willis were propagated in vitro using shoot tips and nodal segments as explants. For each species, shoot proliferation
was initiated on de Fossard MZZM (Medium levels of minerals, Zero auxins, Zero cytokinins and Medium levels of sucrose, growth
factors, and amino acids) medium supplemented with 1 μM benzyladenine. ExcisedP. equestre shoots initiated roots when cultured on MZZM medium containing 60 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, whileP. hillebrandii shoots required LZZL (Low levels of minerals, Zero auxins, Zero cytokinins and Low levels of sucrose, growth factors, and
amino acids) medium containing 10 μM 2,4-D for maximal root initiation. Both species required transfer to MZZM medium without growth regulators after 2 wk to
allow root initials to develop and grow. Plantlets were successfully transferred to soil with 80% survival after 2 mo. 相似文献
20.
Somatic embryogenesis was observed in callus initiated from tendril explants of Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Thompson, Sonaka and Tas-e-Ganesh on Emershad and Ramming medium supplemented with 1 μm 6-benzylaminopurine. Low-frequency conversion to shoots was obtained in the third and fourth subculture on the same medium.
Emerging shoots subsequently formed complete plantlets on liquid rooting medium containing 1 μm indole-3-acetic acid. The possible use of tendrils as a novel explant for somatic embryogenesis in grape is discussed.
Received: 3 March 1997 / Revision received: 21 May 1997 / Accepted: 25 June 1997 相似文献