人IL-29的定点突变及抗肿瘤活性初步分析

为探讨人白细胞介素-29(h IL-29)变异体的抗肿瘤活性,根据h IL-29成熟肽的生物信息学分析数据,采用大引物PCR方法对其肽链第33位赖氨酸、35位精氨酸的编码基因进行定点突变,获得的h IL-29变异体基因构建重组真核表达质粒转化毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)GS115进行发酵表达,经纯化得到重组人白细胞介素-29变异体蛋白(rh IL-29mut33,35)。经CCK-8法检测抗肿瘤细胞增殖的数据显示,rh IL-29mut33,35对肝癌细胞BEL7402、结肠癌细胞HCT8和胃癌细胞SGC7901的增殖均具有抑制作用,高剂量组对这3种肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制率分别为(30.99±1.58)%、(22.47±1.37)%和(32.05±2.02)%,而且抗增殖作用比野生型rh IL-29的更强(P0.01),表明变异体rh IL-29mut33,35具有潜在的医药开发价值。     

阪崎克罗诺杆菌中异戊二烯焦磷酸异构酶(IDI)增强类胡萝卜素合成的研究

阪崎克罗诺杆菌(Cronobacter sakazakii)是一种革兰氏阴性菌,能够合成类胡萝卜素。与普遍存在的类胡萝卜素合成基因簇(crtEXYIBZ)不同,C.sakazakii类胡萝卜素合成基因簇(crtE-idiXYIBZ)中含有异戊二烯焦磷酸异构酶编码基因idi,其功能有待进一步研究。本研究构建了C.sakazakii BAA-894/pWSK29-idi、E.coli DH5α/pWSK29-EBI和DH5α/pWSK29-iEBI三株菌。通过分析发现BAA-894/pWSK29-idi的类胡萝卜素产量比BAA-894/pWSK29高出80%;DH5α/pWSK29-iEBI的番茄红素产量比DH5α/pWSK29-EBI高出60%。本研究结果说明C.sakazakii中异戊二烯焦磷酸异构酶(IDI)对于类胡萝卜素的合成起着增强作用。     

miR-29a靶基因预测及其相关生物信息学分析

目的:通过对miR-29a进行靶基因预测及相关生物信息学分析,为miR-29a靶基因的实验验证提供数据支持,以期为深入研究miR-29a的生物学功能和调控机制提供理论指导。方法:利用PubMed检索miR-29a相关文章,通过miRBase在线工具分析miR-29a序列。应用TargetScan及miRNAda两种计算方法预测miR-29a靶基因并取其交集作为分析的基因集合,分别进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)中的分子功能和生物学过程以及KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)生物通路富集分析。结果:(1)miR-29a序列在多物种间具有高度保守性。(2)两种方法预测miR-29a靶基因交集共191个。(3)miR-29a靶基因GO分子功能集中于转录因子活性、DNA结合和钙离子结合等(P0.05);miR-29a靶基因GO生物学过程集中于调控转录、细胞粘附、细胞增殖与凋亡等(P0.05);KEGG生物通路主要富集于PI3K-AKT信号通路、JAK-STAT信号通路、T细胞受体信号通路和胰岛素信号通路等信号转导通路,以及肺小细胞癌和子宫内膜癌等疾病通路(P0.05)。结论:miR-29a可能通过参与多个靶基因信号通路的调控,在机体的多种生理病理过程中发挥重要作用,是一个颇有研究价值的生物学靶标。     

miR-29a靶向调控PDGFB促进非小细胞肺癌细胞凋亡

为了探究miR-29a对非小细胞肺癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及分子机制,本研究通过荧光定量PCR检测肺癌组织、癌旁组织、肺癌细胞以及人正常肺支气管上皮细胞BEAS-2B中miR-29a的表达,在肺癌A549转染miR-29a mimics后,使用荧光定量PCR和CCK-8法分别检测miR-29a的表达以及各组细胞的活力,使用流式细胞术检测A549细胞凋亡;通过荧光定量PCR检测肺癌组织、癌旁组织PDGFB m RNA的表达,采用Western blot检测PDGFB蛋白的表达;使用双荧光素酶报告基因检测miR-29a可能的靶基因;在肺癌A549细胞转染miR-29a mimics后继续转染PDGFB过表达质粒,通过qPCR和Western blotting分别检测PDGFB mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果表明,与癌旁组织相比,miR-29a在肺癌组织的表达显著下调(p<0.01),PDGFB在肺癌组织的表达显著增加(p<0.01);转染miR-29a mimics后,肺癌A549细胞中miR-29a表达显著增加(p<0.01);CCK-8法结果显示miR-29a mimics组A549肺癌细胞在24 h和48 h后细胞增值率较miR-NC对照组显著降低(p<0.01);流式细胞术结果显示miR-29a mimics组的细胞凋亡率较miR-NC对照组显著增加(p<0.01);与miR-NC+PDGFB 3’UTR WT组相比,miR-29a mimics+PDGFB 3’UTR WT组的荧光强度显著降低(p<0.01);荧光定量PCR和Western blotting显示miR-29a mimics+PDGFB组PDGFB m RNA和蛋白表达量与miR-29a mimics+vector组相比显著增加(p<0.01)。本研究结果表明miR-29a在肺癌组织和肺癌细胞株中低表达,及抑制PDGFB的表达并且促进肺癌细胞凋亡。     

miR-29家族通过AKT/mTOR信号通路抑制结肠癌MC38细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭

结肠癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,死亡人数仅次于肺癌。有研究发现miR-29家族成员(miR-29a、miR-29b和miR-29c)在结肠癌组织中的表达水平显著低于癌旁组织,但其对结肠癌的影响不明。为探讨miR-29家族对结肠癌的影响及作用机制,该研究在结肠癌细胞系MC38中分别转染miR-29a/b/c-3p mimics,利用qRT-PCR、CCK-8、EdU染色等实验确定miR-29家族成员可以显著降低MC38细胞的增殖能力(P<0.05);通过划痕实验和Transwell侵袭实验,明确miR-29家族成员可显著抑制MC38细胞的迁移和侵袭(P<0.05);最后利用信号通路活性分析、双荧光素酶报告分析等确定miR-29家族成员能够抑制AKT/mTOR信号通路的活性,并且与束蛋白结合蛋白1(Fascin actin-bundling protein 1,FSCN1)存在相互作用。上述结果表明,miR-29家族成员能够抑制AKT/mTOR信号通路活性,进而降低结肠癌细胞MC38增殖、迁移和侵袭的能力。     

UL27、UL29基因shRNA表达载体的构建及对HSV-2的干扰效应研究

探讨Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒(Herpes simplex virus type 2,HSV-2)UL27、UL29基因联合靶向siRNA对HSV-2复制的影响。构建UL27、UL29基因的siRNA的重组表达载体并转染293细胞,通过实时荧光定量PCR技术和蛋白质印迹方法检测UL27、UL29基因的表达,终点滴定法检测细胞上清液中的各组病毒滴度,MTT法检测细胞的存活率。结果显示:(1)成功构建短发夹RNA(shRNA)重组表达载体。(2)转染后48 h,与空白组(空载体)相比,UL27 shRNA75组对UL27基因mRNA的抑制率为75.17%(P0.05),UL29 shRNA1461组对UL29基因mRNA抑制率为66.08%,具有显著性差异(P0.05)。UL27 shRNA75联合UL29 shRNA1461联合干扰组对UL27基因抑制率约为91.28%,UL29基因表达抑制率约为80.40%,与空白组比较具有显著性差异(P0.05)。(3)终点滴定法结果显示单干扰组和联合干扰组可不同程度降低上清液中的病毒感染滴度,与空白组比较差异性显著(P0.01)。(4)Western blot检测目的基因蛋白,单干扰组与联合干扰组可不同程度降低目的基因蛋白的表达,其中UL27shRNA75+UL29 shRNA1461联合干扰组能显著抑制相应的蛋白表达水平,蛋白表达量明显减少,与单干扰组相比具有显著差异(P0.05)。(5)经MTT法检测,UL27 shRNA75、UL29 shRNA1461、UL27 shRNA75+UL29 shRNA1461联合干扰组的细胞存活率明显提高,差异有显著意义(P0.05)。构建的pGPU6/GFP/Neo-UL27、pGPU6/GFP/Neo-UL29重组表达载体,能在体外细胞水平上不同程度的干扰HSV-2 UL27、UL29基因表达,UL27、UL29联合干扰效率更高,抑制HSV-2在HEK293细胞中复制。     

构建MicroRNA-29a和microRNA-29c腺病毒并探讨其对膀胱癌细胞增殖能力的影响

构建miRNA-29a/c的重组腺病毒并观察其对膀胱癌T24细胞增殖能力的调控。以人全基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增miR-29a、miR-29c,克隆至腺病毒穿梭载体pAdtrace-TO4-CMV。重组穿梭载体经pme I线性化后与腺病毒骨架质粒pAdEasy-1共转化感受态大肠杆菌BJ5183,通过同源重组获得重组腺病毒质粒pAdEasy-1-miR-29a、pAdEasy-1-miR-29c,pac I线性化后转染HEK-293细胞,进行包装和扩增。实时荧光定量PCR检测感染腺病毒的膀胱癌T24细胞中miR-29a、miR-29c的表达水平,并利用CCK-8实验检测细胞增殖能力。经DNA测序和限制性内切酶分析显示,重组腺病毒质粒pAdEasy-1-miR-29a、pAdEasy-1-miR-29c构建成功;感染腺病毒Ad-miR-29a和Ad-miR-29c后,经实时荧光定量PCR检测,膀胱癌细胞中miR-29a、miR-29c表达显著增高(P0.01);过表达miR-29a/c后的CCK-8实验显示,细胞增殖能力明显低于对照组(P0.05)。以上说明已成功构建miR-29a、miR-29c腺病毒,过表达miR-29a/c可抑制膀胱癌细胞的增殖。     

miR-29a通过调控PTEN表达对脂多糖诱导人肺微血管内皮细胞损伤的保护作用研究*

目的:探讨miR-29a在脂多糖(LPS)诱导人肺微血管内皮细胞(HPMVECs)损伤中的作用及机制。方法:构建LPS损伤HPMVECs模型。RT-qPCR检测miR-29a表达变化;试剂盒测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放量;MTT和流式细胞术分别检测细胞存活率及凋亡率;Western blot测蛋白质表达水平;Microcosm、starBase、Pictar、TargetScan软件预测 miR-29a的可能靶基因,双萤光素酶实验验证miR-29a和PTEN的靶向关系。结果:使用LPS处理HPMVECs,显著降低细胞中miR-29a的表达和细胞存活率,诱导LDH释放量和HPMVECs凋亡率增加,上调细胞中PTEN、Bim蛋白表达,下调p-Akt/Akt、p-FOXO3a/FOXO3a表达 (P<0.05);过表达miR-29a逆转LPS对HPMVECs的损伤作用。萤光素酶报告基因实验证实miR-29a 靶向PTEN,转染miR-29a mimics显著下调PTEN蛋白表达,转染miR-29a inhibitors明显上调PTEN蛋白表达 (P<0.05),但PTEN mRNA表达水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:过表达miR-29a可能通过抑制PTEN蛋白的表达水平、激活Akt/FOXO3a/Bim信号通路对LPS致HUVECs的损伤发挥保护作用。     

血浆miR-29b与急性冠脉综合征患者胞外基质蛋白含量的关系及其诊断价值分析

目的:探究血浆微小RNA-29b(miR-29b)与急性冠脉综合征患者细胞外基质(ECM)蛋白含量的关系及其诊断价值。方法:选择2019年2月至2019年7月我院诊治的80例急性冠脉综合征患者作为观察组,另选择同期我院体检的80例健康志愿者作为对照组。检测两组受试者血浆miR-29b、透明质酸(HA)、层黏连蛋白(LN)和Ⅰ型前胶原蛋白(PCⅠ)水平,采用Pearson相关性分析血浆miR-29b与HA、LN和PCⅠ水平的相关性,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血浆miR-29b、HA、LN和PCⅠ对急性冠脉综合征的诊断价值。结果:与对照组相比,观察组的血浆miR-29b水平明显下降(P0.05),而血浆HA、LN和PCⅠ水平明显升高(P0.05)。血浆miR-29b水平与血浆HA、LN和PCⅠ水平均呈负相关关系(P0.05),ROC曲线分析结果显示,血浆miR-29b单独检测的敏感性和特异性分别为79.10%、71.60%,优于ECM三个指标的单独检测,且四项指标联合检测的敏感性和特异性高于单项检测。结论:急性冠脉综合征患者血浆miR-29b水平下调,且与ECM蛋白水平呈负相关,在急性冠脉综合征临床诊断中具有一定的价值。     

The deubiquitinating gene Usp29 is dispensable for fertility in male mice

The balanced actions between ubiquitination and deubiquitination precisely control the levels of various proteins vital for spermatogenesis. Ubiquitin-specific processing proteases(USPs) are the largest family of deubiquitinatingenzymes(DUBs),containing more than 50 members. So far, the functions of only a few USPs in male fertility have been studied, the roles of the majority are yet unknown. The present study aimed to explore the function of Usp29(ubiquitin-specific protease 29) in male fertility. We found that Usp29 showed predominant expression in mouse testis, and its m RNA expression started to increase at 14 days postpartum(dpp), with a peak at 28 and 35 dpp. Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generated Usp29 knockout mice(Usp29~(–/–)). Usp29~(–/–)mice exhibited no overt developmental anomalies. Further examination revealed that Usp29~(–/–)mice had normal fertility and showed no detectable difference in the testis/body weight ratio, testicular and epididymal histology as well as epididymal sperm count from the wild-type littermates. Moreover, Usp29 is not a pseudogene in mice. Taken together, our study first reported that though Usp29 is predominantly expressed in the testis, it is not essential for male fertility in mice.     

我国葫芦科植物离体培养研究进展

葫芦科植物包括多种瓜类蔬菜,对其进行离体培养研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。综述了国内在葫芦科植物器官培养、体细胞胚胎发生、花药培养、原生质体培养和体细胞杂交及离体遗传转化等方面取得的研究进展,并对葫芦科植物离体培养、遗传转化与育种的前景作了展望。     

我国葫芦科植物离体培养研究进展

葫芦科植物包括多种瓜类蔬菜,对其进行离体培养研究具有重要的理论和实践意义.综述了国内在葫芦科植物器官培养、体细胞胚胎发生、花药培养、原生质体培养和体细胞杂交及离体遗传转化等方面取得的研究进展,并对葫芦科植物离体培养、遗传转化与育种的前景作了展望.     

国内双歧杆菌制剂预防小儿继发性腹泻临床疗效的Meta分析

目的系统评价国内双歧杆菌制剂临床预防小儿继发性腹泻的效果。方法按照系统评价的要求检索CBMd isc、VIP、CNK I以及万方数据库等,获得18篇符合纳入标准的文献,共计患儿4050例,对其进行M eta分析,并评价M eta分析结果的稳定性和发表偏倚。结果异质性检验χ^2=34.60,P=0.007〈0.05,采用随机效应模型进行M eta分析,合并RR=0.41,95%C I为0.35～0.49,总体效应检验,Z=10.39,P〈0.00001,差异具有非常显著性,固定效应模型RR值和95%C I与随机效应模型完全一致,剔除小样本报道后的合并RR=0.42,95%C I为0.35～0.50,与剔除前的结果基本一致,且本研究的发表偏倚得到了很好地控制。结论从现有的临床证据来看,双歧杆菌制剂能降低小儿继发性腹泻的发生率,对预防小儿继发性腹泻起到了满意的效果。     

右美托咪啶用于SICU镇静时血流动力学效应与年龄的关系

目的：以心率（HR）、心指数（CI）、体循环阻力（SVR）作为效应指标,明确右美托咪啶（Dex）用于SICU 镇静时年龄和血流动 力学效应的关系。方法：选择2014 年3 月~7 月间在我院SICU 接受普胸或者普外科手术后需要短期镇静患者38 例,各年龄段分 布相对均匀。在病人术后Ramsay评分≤ 3 分时给予右旋美托咪啶6.0 ug/kg/h,连续静脉输注10 min 后停药,应用脉搏指示连续 心输出量监测技术(PICCO)记录用药前及用药后3 min、5 min、8 min、10 min、15 min、20 min、30 min、45 min、60 min、90 min、120 min 的11 个时间点的HR、CI 和SVR。结果：HR、CI 和SVR 的EMAX 随着年龄的增加而增大,可以通过数学模型表示：E= （P<0.05）。结论：右美托咪啶用于SICU 镇静时,患者HR、CI和SVR的EMAX 呈 年龄依赖性变化。     

我国蝴蝶产业发展中亟待解决的几个问题

本文简略介绍了我国目前蝴蝶产业的背景情况和发展现状,着重阐述了该产业发展中亟待解决的目标与思路、政策与法律、科研与技术、人才与培养等一系列问题,并针地性提出了相应解决意见。     

Studies of in vivo mutations in rpsL transgene in UVB-irradiated epidermis of XPA-deficient mice

We have established xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA) gene-knockout mice with nucleotide excision repair (NER) deficiency, which rapidly developed skin tumors when exposed to a low dose of chronic UV like XP-A patients, confirming that the NER process plays an important role in preventing UVB-induced skin cancer. To examine the in vivo mutation in the UVB-irradiated epidermis, we established XPA (−/−), (+/−) and (+/+) mice carrying the Escherichia coli rpsL transgene with which the mutation frequencies and spectra in the UVB-irradiated epidermal tissue can be examined conveniently. The XPA (−/−) mice showed a higher frequency of UVB-induced mutation in the rpsL transgene with a low dose (150 J/m²) of UVB-irradiation than the XPA (+/−) and (+/+) mice, while, at a high dose (900 J/m²) they showed almost the same frequency of mutation as the XPA (+/−) and (+/+) mice, probably because of cell death in the epidermis of the XPA (−/−) mice. However, CC→TT tandem transition, a hallmark of UV-induced mutation, was detected at higher frequency in the XPA (−/−) mice than the XPA (+/−) and (+/+) mice at both doses of UVB. This rpsL/XPA mouse system will be useful for further analyzing the role of NER in the mutagenesis and carcinogenesis induced by various carcinogens.     

细胞分裂素对植物衰老的延缓作用

细胞分裂素是一类重要的植物激素,它可在一定程度上延缓植物的衰老。主要从3个方面综述了细胞分裂素与植物衰老之间的关系,即:(1)植物衰老过程中内源细胞分裂素含量变化;(2)外源细胞分裂素的影响;(3)转入与细胞分裂素的合成、降解相关的基因对植物衰老产生的影响。此外,还从细胞分裂素与糖、与脂质氧化反应以及与其它植物激素的关系方面探讨了细胞分裂素在延缓植物衰老中的作用机理。     

Application of in vitro techniques in mutation breeding of chrysanthemum

Rooted cuttings of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Maghi, a small flowered, late blooming cultivar, were treated with different doses of gamma rays. Somatic mutations in flower colour (light mauve, white, light yellow and dark yellow) and chlorophyll variegation in leaves were detected as chimeras in treated populations. Attempts were made to standardize a microtechnique for plant regeneration from mutated tissues of stem node, stem internode, shoot tip and ray floret. All these explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium with 3% sucrose, 0.8% agar and different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators. Plant regeneration was successful from all of the mutated tissues. Plants with chlorophyll variegation in leaves and two new flower colours (light mauve and white) were isolated in pure form with 64% and 100% efficiency of mutant recovery, respectively. Attempts are being made to use this technique to establish new varieties from chimeric tissues to meet the increasing demand of the floriculture trade.     

Role of Telomerase in Reactivation of Macrophage Nuclei in Heterokaryons

It was shown that the duration of stay of macrophages in the peritoneal cavity of mice and method of their isolation did not affect markedly their capacity for resumption of DNA synthesis in heterokaryons. This means that mouse macrophage undergo such changes during differentiation that reactivation of DNA synthesis in their nuclei is only possible after interaction of telomeres with telomerase, since it was already shown that telomerase was involved in reactivation of DNA synthesis in the macrophage nuclei. The results of experiments did not reveal differences in the length of telomeres in mouse macrophages and other somatic cells. This could depend on the significant length of mouse telomeres and, as a result, their shortening, sufficient for the inhibition of proliferation, is beyond the limits of sensitivity of the current methods. It is also possible that changes in DNA properties in the macrophages occurring during their differentiation depend on changes in the conformation of the telomere complex in these cells. Testing of this suggestion is relevant with respect to recent data that cell hybridization, specifically in the form of heterokaryons, may be essential in realization of the therapeutic effect caused by the introduction of cells during cell therapy.