2型糖尿病患者幽门螺杆菌感染与超敏c反应蛋白、血脂情况的关系

目的：探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者幽门螺杆菌（HP）感染与超敏c反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、血脂水平的关系。方法：以2009年1月1日至2009年12月31日在我院体检的683例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,根据HP感染情况分成HP阳性组（n=306）和HP阴性组（n=377）,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析方法,分析HP感染与hs-CRP、血脂水平的关系。结果：（1）HP阳性组的hs-CRP水平高于HP阴性组（1.14mg/L vs 0.96mg/L）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。（2）HP阳性组的血脂异常率（59.8%vs 50.7%）和hs-CRP异常率（20.9%vs 14.3%）均高于HP阴性组,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。（3）单因素Logistic回归分析显示,血脂异常和hs-CRP异常对HP阳性的OR值及分别为1.449和1.582,均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）,多因素Logistic回归分析显示,hs-CRP异常对HP阳性的OR值为1.509,有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：2型糖尿病患者,HP感染可能通过增高hs-CRP水平,影响脂质代谢,触发一系列生物、生物化学级联反应,可使患者并发心血管病变的风险性增高。     

幽门螺旋杆菌感染与慢性胃炎患者IL-8、IL-10、CRP水平以及血脂指标的关系研究

目的:研究幽门螺旋杆菌(Hp)感染与慢性胃炎患者白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平以及血脂指标的关系。方法:选择从2015年6月到2017年6月在我院接受治疗的慢性胃炎患者150例作为观察组,根据13C-尿素呼吸实验的结果将观察组患者分成HP阳性组71例和Hp阴性组79例,另选同期在我院进行健康体检的志愿者150例作为对照组,对比观察组以及对照组的炎症因子IL-8、IL-10、CRP及血脂指标[低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)]水平,并对比观察组不同HP感染情况的炎症因子及血脂指标水平,分析Hp感染与患者炎症因子及血脂指标水平的相关性。结果:观察组的IL-8、IL-10、CRP、LDL-C及TG水平均分别高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。Hp阳性组患者治疗前的IL-8、IL-10、CRP、LDL-C及TG水平均分别高于HP阴性组,但Hp阳性组患者治疗后的上述指标水平均分别低于HP阴性组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。两组治疗后的IL-10、CRP水平均分别低于治疗前,且Hp阳性组患者的IL-8、LDL-C及TG水平也低于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),Spearman相关性分析结果显示,Hp感染与患者IL-8、IL-10、CRP、LDL-C及TG水平均呈正相关(均P0.05),但Hp感染与HDL-C和TC并无明显的相关性(P0.05)。结论:Hp感染与慢性胃炎患者的炎症指标及血脂指标关系紧密,临床上可考虑将此类指标作为存在Hp感染的慢性胃炎患者的监测指标,从而更好地辅助临床诊治。     

人类巨细胞病毒感染与急性冠脉综合症患者血清炎症介质的相关性研究

目的:分析人类巨细胞病毒(HCMV)感染与急性冠脉综合症(ACS)患者炎症介质的相关性,探讨HCMV感染在ACS发生、发展过程中的作用。方法:选取我院2017年5月~2019年5月收治的冠心病患者118例,根据病情将其分为ACS组(n=81)和稳定型心绞痛(SAP)组(n=37),另选取同时期在我院进行健康检查的健康志愿者40例作为对照组。检测所有受试者血清特异性HCMV-Ig G、HCMV-Ig M,比较所有受试者血清sP-选择素(sP-selectin)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平。分析ACS组患者血清sP-selectin、TNF-α、hs-CRP水平与HCMV-Ig M抗体滴度的相关性。结果:ACS组、SAP组的HCMV-Ig G阳性率分别为81.48%、78.38%,均明显高于对照组的45.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ACS组的HCMV-Ig M阳性率为40.74%,明显高于SAP组的10.81%和对照组的5.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ACS组患者血清sP-selectin、TNF-α及hs-CRP水平均明显高于SAP组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ACS组HCMV-Ig M阳性患者血清sP-selectin、TNF-α及hs-CRP水平均明显高于HCMV-Ig M阴性患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ACS组患者血清sP-selectin、TNF-α、hs-CRP水平与HCMV-Ig M抗体滴度均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:慢性HCMV感染可能在动脉粥样硬化的发生及发展中起着重要作用,而急性HCMV感染可能通过上调机体sP-selectin、TNF-α、hs-CRP等炎症因子水平,进一步促进ACS的发生发展。     

冠心病患者PCI术后感染病原菌分布特征及支架内再狭窄的影响因素分析

目的:研究冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后感染病原菌分布特征及支架内再狭窄(ISR)的影响因素。方法:纳入从2015年1月～2018年1月于我院接受PCI术治疗的冠心病患者460例作为研究对象。采集PCI术后发生感染患者感染部位的分泌物或血液标本,分析病原菌分布特征。此外,将所有患者按照PCI术后是否存在ISR分成ISR组120例与非ISR组340例。比较两组基线资料、生化指标水平,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响ISR的危险因素。结果:29例患者发生医院感染,共培养分离获得病原菌38株,其中革兰阴性菌13株,占比34.21%,革兰阳性菌22株,占比57.89%,真菌3株,占比7.89%。ISR组男性、糖尿病、吸烟史人数占比均显著高于非ISR组(均P0.05)。ISR组空腹血糖(FPG)、总胆固醇(TC)、血尿酸(UA)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平均显著高于非ISR组(均P0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析可得:糖尿病、吸烟史、TC(较高)、UA(较高)、hs-CRP(较高)均是影响ISR的危险因素(均P0.05)。结论:引起冠心病患者PCI术后感染的病原菌以革兰阳性菌为主,冠心病患者合并糖尿病、吸烟史以及随着TC、UA、hs-CRP水平的升高,PCI术后ISR的发生风险随之增加。     

高血压人群中超敏C反应蛋白、尿酸及同型半胱氨酸水平与臂踝脉搏波传导速度关系的研究

目的:探讨高血压人群中超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、尿酸(UA)及同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与臂踝脉搏波传导速度(bapwv)的关系。方法:选取2018年1月～2019年12月本院收治的78例高血压患者为研究对象,根据bapwv检测结果将患者分为bapwv正常组及bapwv升高组。采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析bapwv异常升高的影响因素。采用Pearson检验对hs-CRP、UA、Hcy与bapwv的相关性进行分析。结果:78例高血压患者中有41例出现bapwv异常升高,发生率为52.56%。经单因素分析显示,bapwv升高组与bapwv正常组患者在性别、年龄、体质指数(BMI)、吸烟史、饮酒史、高血压病程方面对比均无统计学差异(P0.05),bapwv升高组患者的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、hs-CRP、UA、Hcy水平均高于bapwv正常组患者(P0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析显示,SBP、DBP、hs-CRP、UA、Hcy均是bapwv异常升高的独立危险因素(OR=1.309、1.193、1.416、1.309、1.205,P0.05)。经Pearson相关分析显示,高血压人群的hs-CRP、UA、Hcy均与bapwv呈正相关(r=0.488、0.510、0.493,P0.05)。结论:hs-CRP、UA、Hcy均是高血压人群bapwv异常升高的独立危险因素,并均与bapwv呈正相关。     

原发性高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化、新发心脑血管事件与幽门螺旋杆菌感染的关系

目的:研究原发性高血压(PH)患者颈动脉粥样硬化、新发心脑血管事件与幽门螺旋杆菌(HP)感染的关系。方法:选择从2015年6月到2017年6月在我院接受诊治的PH患者150例纳入本次研究。按照13C尿素呼气试验所测定的HP结果将患者分成HP阳性59例(即超基准值4.0,记为观察组)和HP阴性91例(即超基准值≥4.0,记为对照组),检测并对比两组血脂指标、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平以及颈动脉超声检查结果,随访3个月,比较两组新发心脑血管事件。结果:与对照组比较,观察组的低密度脂蛋白型胆固醇(LDL-C)、Hcy及hs-CRP、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)水平明显升高,高密度脂蛋白型胆固醇(HDL-C)水平明显降低(P0.05)。观察组CIMT增厚率为28.82%,形成斑块率为49.15%,均分别高于对照组的15.38%、30.77%,而CIMT正常率为22.03%,明显低于对照组的53.85%,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组新发心脑血管事件的总发生率为13.56%,高于对照组的4.40%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:PH患者的颈动脉粥样硬化、新发心脑血管事件均与HP感染密切相关,临床可考虑清除或预防HP感染,从而科学有效地预防患者的不良预后。     

2型糖尿病患者尿微量白蛋白水平与动脉粥样硬化的相关性研究

目的:研究2型糖尿病患者尿微量白蛋白(MAU)水平与动脉粥样硬化的相关性。方法:抽样选取2015年2月至2017年2月我体检中心检测的2型糖尿病患者500例,根据临床数据中MAU水平的不同分为异常组188例和正常组312例。分别对比两组患者的临床资料以及生化指标水平,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析法分析患者MAU异常的危险因素。结果:异常组患者的病程、BMI、空腹血糖、甘油三酯、腰臀比均高于正常组,而高密度脂蛋白水平低于正常组(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示影响2型糖尿病患者MAU异常的危险因素包括病程(较长)、BMI(较大)、收缩压(较高)、糖化血红蛋白(较高)、高密度脂蛋白(较低)(P0.05)。结论:2型糖尿病患者的病程、BMI、收缩压、糖化血红蛋白、高密度脂蛋白均与MAU的发生密切相关,临床上可通过检查以上指标预测评估患者的病情变化以及预后情况。     

结肠腺瘤发生的危险因素及和幽门螺杆菌感染的相关性分析

目的:分析结肠腺瘤发生的危险因素及和幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染的相关性。方法:选择我院2018年6月～2018年12月收治的180例结肠腺瘤患者,同时选择我院接受结肠镜检查无异常者152例作为对照组。收集和比较两组患者的一般资料,采用14C尿氮呼气试验检测Hp的感染情况,多因素Logistic回归分析结肠腺瘤发生的危险因素。结果:多因素Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示男性、年龄、体质指数24 kg/m~2、腹型肥胖、饮酒、吸烟、喜食红肉、喜食果蔬、高脂血症、糖尿病、粪便隐血阳性、肿瘤家族史及Hp阳性是结肠腺瘤发生的危险因素,喜食果蔬为其发生的保护因素。HP阳性率组腺瘤1 cm、腺瘤数目多发、左结肠率高于Hp阴性组(P0.05);Hp阳性组和Hp阴性组肠腺瘤患者腺瘤蒂部分型、腺瘤病理类型比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:结肠腺瘤的发生和多种危险因素有关,其中Hp感染可增加结肠腺瘤发生发展风险,临床应将此类高危人群作为结肠腺瘤的重点筛查对象,以降低结肠癌的潜在发生风险。     

不同基因型幽门螺杆菌感染与消化性溃疡患者血清炎症因子及CD4+T细胞、PINP水平的关系

目的探讨不同基因型H.pylori感染与消化性溃疡(PU)患者血清炎症因子及CD4⁺T细胞、Ⅰ型原胶原N端前肽(PINP)水平的关系,为后续研究提供参考。方法选择2017年8月至2019年3月于我院消化科就诊的122例PU患者为研究对象,其中H.pylori阴性患者50例[HP(-)组],H.pyloriⅠ型感染患者38例[HP(Ⅰ)组],H.pyloriⅡ型感染患者34例[HP(Ⅱ)组],对比各组患者血清炎症因子IL-17、IL-10、TNF-α和PINP及CD4⁺T淋巴细胞水平。采用Logistic回归对不同菌型H.pylori感染患者血清炎症因子及CD4⁺T细胞、PINP水平的相关性进行评估,并结合ROC曲线对其相应诊断价值进行评估。结果HP(-)组患者IL-17、IL-10、TNF-α水平最低,HP(Ⅰ)组患者IL-17、IL-10、TNF-α水平最高,组间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。HP(-)组患者CD4⁺T细胞及PINP水平最低,HP(Ⅰ)组CD4⁺T细胞及PINP水平最高,组间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归显示,血清炎症因子及CD4⁺T细胞、PINP水平与H.pyloriⅠ型、H.pyloriⅡ型感染均有显著正相关性(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,IL-17、IL-10、TNF-α、CD4⁺T细胞和PINP诊断H.pyloriⅠ型感染的AUC分别为0.863(95%CI:0.786~0.941)、0.844(95%CI:0.754~0.935)、0.907(95%CI:0.847~0.967)、0.921(95%CI:0.864~0.977)、0.742(95%CI:0.639~0.845),而诊断H.pyloriⅡ型感染的AUC分别为0.711(95%CI:0.599~0.823)、0.747(95%CI:0.641~0.854)、0.930(95%CI:0.874~0.986)、0.918(95%CI:0.861~0.974)、0.736(95%CI:0.631~0.840)。H.pylori阴性与CD4⁺T细胞和PINP水平无明显相关性(r=0.226,P=0.225),H.pyloriⅠ型、H.pyloriⅡ型感染与CD4⁺T细胞和PINP水平具有显著正相关性(r=0.428、0.367,P=0.007、0.033)。结论血清炎症因子及CD4⁺T细胞和PINP水平与PU患者H.pylori感染具有相关性,可作为临床辅助监测指标。     

运动区脑膜瘤术后迟发性肌力障碍的影响因素分析

目的:探讨运动区脑膜瘤术后迟发性肌力障碍的影响因素。方法:收集2014年6月-2017年6月于我院进行显微镜下脑膜瘤切除术患者82例并将其分为肌力异常组和肌力正常组。比较两组患者的临床资料,筛选与患者术后发生肌力异常相关的因素,进一步采用Logistic回归分析对迟发性运动障碍的影响因素。结果:本研究中,肌力下降者48例,迟发天数为(3.83±2.98)天;肌力异常组和肌力正常组患者年龄、肿瘤大小、水肿指数、水肿最大径及静脉处理比较差异均存在统计学意义(P0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示年龄(OR=5.055)、EI指数(OR=2.418)、肿瘤大小(OR=3.432)及静脉处理(OR=8.569)等因素对肌力异常问题存在影响(P0.05)。结论:年龄、肿瘤大小、EI指数及静脉处理是运动区脑膜瘤术后发生迟发性肌力障碍的影响因素。     

白蚁与动物及微生物的共生类型及其机制

综述了白蚁螱客的主要种类、共生关系及相关机制的研究进展。白蚁螱客中,已报道的动物种类达170种。在与动物的共生关系中存在偏利共生（宾主共栖和异种共栖）、互利共生和无关共生三种;在与微生物的共生关系中,存在与内生菌（原生动物、细菌、真菌和放线菌）和外生菌（蚁巢伞菌等）间的互利关系。指出了白蚁与螱客研究中存在的问题,给出了解决方案,并提出了今后可能的研究热点或方向,为白蚁的综合利用（如纤维素酶）及今后研究物种间的协同进化提供了基础资料。     

New amino-dithiaphospholanes and phosphoramidodithioites and their rhodium and iridium complexes

New sulfur derivatives of phosphoramidite ligands were synthesized and the impact of the sulfur unit on the spectroscopic properties of their rhodium and iridium complexes was investigated. The new ligands Bn₂NPSCH₂CH₂S^a(P-S^a) (Bn = benzyl, 4), Bn₂NPSCHCHS^a(CH₂)₃C^aH₂(P-S^a)(C^a-S^a) (6) and Bn₂NP(4-XC₆H₄OMe)₂ (X = S, 7a; X = O, 7b) were converted to the rhodium and iridium complexes trans-[Rh(CO)Cl(L)₂] (L = 4, 6, 7), [RhCl(COD)(L)] (L = 4, 6, 7), [IrCl(COD)(7a)] and [IrCl₂Cp∗(6)]. For comparison, some phosphoramidite complexes of these formulations also were synthesized. The new metal complexes were spectroscopically analyzed. For the carbonyl complexes, the ν_CO IR stretching frequencies were lower than for the corresponding phosphite and phosphoramidite ligands. The ¹J_PRh coupling constants for the rhodium complexes with the new ligands were also smaller than for the respective phosphoramidite and phosphite complexes. Finally, the ¹J_PSe coupling constants of the selenides of the new ligands were lower than those of the phosphoramidite ligands but higher than for PPh₃. The spectroscopic data reveal that the new thio ligands 4, 6 and 7a are more electron donating than phosphites and phosphoramidites but less electron donating than PPh₃.     

Astrocytes and Synaptosomes Transport and Metabolize Lactate and Acetate Differently

Astrocytes transport the monocarboxylate acetate, but synaptosomes do not. The reason for this is unknown, because both preparations express monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). The transport and metabolism of lactate, another monocarboxylate, was examined in these two preparations, and the results were compared to those for acetate. Lactate transport is more rapid in astrocytes than in synaptosomes, but of lower affinity (Kms of 17 and 4 mM, respectively). Lactate (0.2 mM) is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in synaptosomes than in astrocytes (rates of 0.37 and 0.07 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). The reason for this is unclear, but cellular differences in lactate dehydrogenase isotype expression may be involved. Acetate is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in astrocytes than in synaptosomes (rates of 0.43 and 0.02 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). This is likely due to cellular differences in the expression of monocarboxylate transporter subtypes.     

Rapporteur report: Basics and technology and metrology and standards

The first and second sessions of the Workshop focussed on the basics of ultrasound and infrasound, their applications in both industry and medicine, and metrology and protection standards for ultrasound applications.     

Relative and combined effects of ethanol and protein deficiency on strontium and barium bone content and fecal and urinary excretion

To elucidate accumulation of minerals in human iliac arteries with aging, the content of minerals was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Bilateral common, internal, and external iliac arteries of 16 men and 8 women, ranging ages from 65 to 93 yr, were examined. It was found that an extremely high accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred in the common iliac artery at old age, being higher than that of the internal and external iliac arteries. It should be noted that the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus is the highest in the common iliac artery among the human arteries examined to date. Regarding sexual differences, the content of calcium and phosphorus in the common and internal iliac arteries was higher in women than in men, whereas their content in the external iliac artery was lower in women than in men.     

Prostaglandin and thromboxane production by human and guinea-pig macrophages and leucocytes

The ability of partially purified human and guinea-pig haematogenous cell populations, when cultured in vitro, to metabolise arachidonic acid (AA) has been studied. Supernatants from 24 hour cell culture have been subjected to analysis for products of AA metabolism by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection.The cell types studied were human peripheral blood monocytes (both glass adherent and non-adherent), neutrophils, eosinophils and leukemic leucocytes; thoracic duct lymphocytes and lung alveolar macrophages. From the guinea-pig, induced and non-induced macrophage or neutrophil enriched peritoneal exudate populations, lymph node cells, peritoneal eosinophils and peripheral blood platelets were examined. Supernatants were assayed for the presence of PGE₂, PGD₂, PGF_2α, TXB₂ and 6-keto-PGF_1α. In all types studied PGE₂ and TXB₂ were the major products formed. The identification of PGE₂ and TXB₂ was confirmed by GC/MS with multiple ion monitoring.The results have been compared with other reports and their possible significance discussed in relation to the proposed role of prostaglandins as mediators and modulators in immunopathology.     

Chemokines and cytokines: axis and allies in asthma and allergy

Allergic asthma can be precipitated by many factors. For the atopic person, fungus, pollen, dust mites, cockroach antigens, and diesel exhaust are all agents that may trigger an allergic attack. Cytokines and chemokines are integral mediators of fungal asthma. From the earliest time points, they recruit and activate the cells required for the clearance of fungus as well as being critical factors involved in the immunopathology of this disease. In the final analysis, it is clear that these mediators can act to the benefit or the detriment of the host.     

Oxidation and nitration of ribonuclease and lysozyme by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase

In spite of the many studies on protein modifications by reactive species, knowledge about the products resulting from the oxidation of protein-aromatic residues, including protein-derived radicals and their stable products, remains limited. Here, we compared the oxidative modifications promoted by peroxynitrite and myeloperoxidase/hydrogen peroxide/nitrite in two model proteins, ribonuclease (6Tyr) and lysozyme (3Tyr/6Trp). The formation of protein-derived radicals and products was higher at pH 5.4 and 7.4 for myeloperoxidase and peroxynitrite, respectively. The main product was 3-nitro-Tyr for both proteins and oxidants. Lysozyme rendered similar yields of nitro-Trp, particularly when oxidized by peroxynitrite. Hydroxylated and dimerized products of Trp and Tyr were also produced, but in lower yields. Localization of the main modified residues indicates that peroxynitrite decomposes to radicals within the proteins behaving less specifically than myeloperoxidase. Nitrogen dioxide is emphasized as an important protein modifier.