共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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云南省沼气及其综合利用发展预测与分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
云南省气候适宜,农村有机废弃物丰富,是以展沼气的理想区域.沼气综合利用前景广阔,沼气发酵系统与农业相结合,能使农业的发展容能源、经济、社会和生态效益为一体,有力地促进农村经济的发展,是我国农业奔小康的理想途径之一.针对云南省沼气发展现状,在对沼气及其综合利用发展预测与分析的基础上,对云南省发展沼气提出一些看法 相似文献
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猪羊粪及其配比发酵沼气试验初报 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
提高农村户用沼气的产气速率和畜禽粪便等农业废弃物的利用率,是当前循环农业领域面临的主要问题。本实验利用自行设计的恒温厌氧发酵装置,模拟农村户用沼气发酵过程,研究不同畜禽粪便混合配比(干物质比)对沼气发酵的影响。厌氧发酵试验表明,单纯发酵原料难以满足产甲烷菌对C:N的需求,分别存在产气启动慢,产气量低等缺点。而通过合理的富氮和富碳的发酵原料配比可以有效地加快发酵产气并提高产气量和沼气中CH4含量。 相似文献
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近年来,为了解决居民吃奶难的问题,星火农场奶牛饲养量不断扩大,最近又利用澳大利亚政府贷款办起了申星现代化奶牛场,使奶牛饲养量已增至2200余头。然而,随着奶牛的增加,大量的粪便成为严重的污染问题。为了使日排放80余吨的牛粪尿得到妥善处理,保护生态环境,星火农场在市、局各级领导的关心支持下,投资446万元于一九 相似文献
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以C:N分别为11:1,16:1,24:1,38:1和71:l的猪粪玉米秸混合原料,在TS为10%和5%的条件下观察了30℃时沼气发酵的情况。试验表明低浓度、C:N较低时易正常发酵; TS为10%和C:N为71:1 时很难起动。进而试验了鲜人尿、硫酸铵、尿素、碳酸氢铵,磷酸氢二铵等降低原料C:N促进沼气发酵正常化的效果。结果表明,鲜人尿、尿素及碳酸氢铵可促进高C:N和高TS%的原料正常沼气发酵;用无氮缓冲液控制发酵醪的pH值,高C:N高TS%的原料亦可正常进行沼气发酵,说明pH值对沼气发酵的影响可能比C:N值更重要。还试验了用“微生物菌群”控制发酵:将原料TS为5%、C:N为49:1的发酵液,在其pH开始回升时取出注入原料TS为10%,C:N为49:1、pH降至5.0的发酵液中。5天后沼气发酵正常起动,而注水作对照的则完全未起动。 相似文献
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如何提高产气量一直以来都是沼气发酵过程中需要解决的主要问题.本研究是在实验室条件下组建模拟沼气发酵罐,并用于研究发酵罐中添加尿素对沼气发酵的影响.结果表明:与不添加尿素的对照组相比,处理组中添加浓度为1 000 mg/L的尿素可以有效提高沼气发酵基质的利用率,并提高沼气中甲烷含量,该系统中发酵原料总固体(total solid,TS)消耗率提高1.79%,挥发性固体(volatile solid,VS)消耗率提高4.36%,甲烷产量提高8.4%;添加3 000 mg/L尿素使发酵原料TS消耗率降低1.59%,但是VS消耗率提高2.28%,产甲烷量提高5.4%;添加5 000 mg/L尿素则会对发酵原料的利用产生抑制作用,TS、VS消耗率分别降低3.04%、3.72%,甲烷产量降低4.2%.本研究结果将为提高沼气发酵效率提供初步的理论基础. 相似文献
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现代农业中的激光技术和激光育种 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
现代农业中的激光技术是一项新技术。激光农用的开拓领域相当广泛。激光育种在我国始于70年代初,据不完全统计到1986年为止,已育成粮、油、棉、蔬菜、果树、桑、蚕等新品种(系)36个,对农业生产起到了良好作用。为了在现代农业中发挥激光技术的应用优势,从育种的角度来说,应该在加强激光生物学多学科之间合作的前提下,大力开展激光生物工程的研究,这也是激光应用于农业发展的希望所在。 相似文献
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Treatment of Biogas Produced in Anaerobic Reactors for Domestic Wastewater: Odor Control and Energy/Resource Recovery 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Adalberto Noyola Juan Manuel Morgan-Sagastume Jorge E. López-Hernández 《Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology》2006,5(1):93-114
Anaerobic municipal wastewater treatment in developing countries has important potential applications considering their huge
lack of sanitation infrastructure and their advantageous climatic conditions. At present, among the obstacles that this technology
encounters, odor control and biogas utilization or disposal should be properly addressed. In fact, in most of small and medium
size anaerobic municipal treatment plants, biogas is just vented, transferring pollution from water to the atmosphere, contributing
to the greenhouse gas inventory. Anaerobic municipal sewage treatment should not be considered as an energy producer, unless
a significant wastewater flow is treated. In these cases, more than half of the methane produced is dissolved and lost in
the effluent so yield values will be between 0.08 and 0.18 N m3 CH4/kg COD removed. Diverse technologies for odor control and biogas cleaning are currently available. High pollutant concentrations
may be treated with physical-chemical methods, while biological processes are used mainly for odor control to prevent negative
impacts on the treatment facilities or nearby areas. In general terms, biogas treatment is accomplished by physico-chemical
methods, scrubbing being extensively used for H2S and CO2 removal. However, dilution (venting) has been an extensive disposal method in some small- and medium-size anaerobic plants
treating municipal wastewaters. Simple technologies, such as biofilters, should be developed in order to avoid this practice,
matching with the simplicity of anaerobic wastewater treatment processes. In any case, design and specification of biogas
handling system should consider safety standards. Resource recovery can be added to anaerobic sewage treatment if methane
is used as electron donor for denitrification and nitrogen control purposes. This would result in a reduction of operational
cost and in an additional advantage for the application of anaerobic sewage treatment. In developing countries, biogas conversion
to energy may apply for the clean development mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol. This would increase the economic feasibility
of the project through the marketing of certified emission reductions (CERs). 相似文献
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本文介绍了花生及其营养成分和经济价值,提出了花生综合利用及深度加工的方案,研究了用水溶法提取花生油和花生蛋白,进而用花生蛋白加工蛋白酥、蛋白糊、蛋白乳精等高蛋白食品,用花生红衣加工宁血可乐、软糖等保健食品的工艺路线和方法,并对所得产品进行了质量检测。 相似文献
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概述了燃料乙醇生产的生物质及其特点,重点阐述了小麦、玉米等原料生产乙醇的综合开发技术,并对甘蔗和木薯为原料生产燃料乙醇进行了经济性评价。 相似文献