碱蓬茎段培养再生植株的研究

将碱蓬（ＳｕａｅｄａＦｏｒｓｋ）种子经消毒后分别接种在４种不同ｐＨ值的培养基上,两天后观察发现以ｐＨ７培养基上的种子出苗最快,出苗率最高。６ｄ时观察,在ｐＨ９的培养基上也有较高的出苗率。用上述无菌苗茎段为外植体,分别接种在４种不同生长素的培养基上均能产生愈伤组织,除含有２,４Ｄ的培养基外,其它３组愈伤组织的诱导频率均达到１００％。把愈伤组织移到添加ＢＡＰ与ＩＡＡ的分化培养基上,三个星期后由愈伤组织分化出不定芽,分化频率为１２５％。当不定芽长至１５ｃｍ～２ｃｍ时转入生根培养基,两个星期后长出白色的根,获得完整植株。     

白头翁花茎离体培养及组织分化的研究

对白头翁(Pulsatilla chinensis)花茎不同部位的切段分别进行了培养,在MS+6-BA1ppm+2,4-D0.1ppm的培养基上,诱导愈伤组织频率最高的可达90.4％,分化芽的频率最高的可达23.8％;花茎不同部位切段的反应基本相同。细胞组织学研究表明,由外植体皮层细胞、韧皮部细胞及维管束周围细胞均可脱分化启动产生愈伤组织。在外植体培养一月后,由愈伤组织表层细胞形成不定芽或由愈伤组织形成类似叶状体的圆柱状结构,再由其表层分化出不定芽。     

植物组织培养简报摘编

接种到培养基(1)中,一周左右均长出愈伤组织,续培一周后分别转接到分化培养基中,三周左右出现绿芽点和根,五周长出3～5个叶片,可移栽成活。本方法不需分别诱导芽和根,一次即可成苗。愈伤组织诱导率达100％,从分化再生植株,已得到种子。     

马铃薯器官发生和植株再生研究

虎头、克４和Ｆａｖｏｒｉｔａ３个马铃薯品种的根、茎、叶外植体在附加ＮＡＡ和ＢＡ各１ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ培养基上诱导出愈伤组织。在附加０．２ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ和１ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ的ＭＳ培养荐,愈伤组织上分化产生不定芽。１．５－２．５ｃｍ高的不定芽在ＭＳ＋０．０５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ培养基上生根形成再生完整植株。３个马铃薯品种中,虎头茎的愈伤组织诱导频率最高,达９８％。Ｆａｖｏｒｉｔａ叶愈伤组织的不定芽分化频率和不定芽生     

高效诱导冬瓜再生植株的研究

将台湾冬瓜的种子接种于pH值为7.2的1/2MS培养基上预培养,5d左右种子即可萌发,萌发率为100%,幼苗生长正常。切取预培养15-20d的无菌幼苗的茎尖和带腋芽的茎段接种于MS 1mg/LNAA 4mg/L6-BA培养基上,10d左右在茎尖和茎段（带腋芽）切口处长出愈伤组织,30d左右在愈伤组织处分化出丛生芽,丛生芽的诱导频率接近95%,繁殖系数25.6。将小芽切下转入不加任何生长调节剂MS培养基上,培养几天后芽逐渐长大,并在芽的基部长出白色根系。选取生长健壮的试管苗经过炼苗后移栽到大田中,生长良好。     

亚麻植株的再生及诱导因素的研究

亚麻根、下胚轴、茎和叶外植体在适宜培养基上可产生愈伤组织和不定芽。愈伤组织在分化培养基上产生幼芽。在生根培养基上小苗生根长大。组织细胞学观察表明,下胚轴表皮、皮层和韧皮部细胞都能产生小分生细胞团,后者形成不定芽和愈伤组织。愈伤组织边缘区域分化芽原基,内部产生大量的分生组织结节和维管组织结节。根原基起源于维管组织结节的形成层状细胞。不同器官外植体再生植株的潜力不同,对诱导条件的反应有差别,其中茎和下胚轴切段易兼生不定芽和愈伤组织,再生植株频率高。外源激素、基本培养基和损伤刺激明显影响植株再生。     

梨蒴珠藓愈伤组织诱导和配子体再生研究

以梨蒴珠藓无菌藓株为外植体诱导愈伤组织和配子体再生,接种于含不同激素组合的MS和Knop固体培养基上,分别进行愈伤组织和不定芽的分化,并探讨愈伤组织诱导和配子体再生的适宜培养条件.结果显示,愈伤组织诱导的最佳培养基是MS+0.5 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L 2,4-D,愈伤组织诱导率为33.3%;不定芽诱导的最佳...     

阳桃胚乳愈伤组织诱导和不定芽发生的研究

首次成功建立阳桃胚乳组织培养并获得胚乳再生植株。胚乳愈伤组织诱导以培养基MS 2,4-D2．0mgL^-1 BA0．2mgL^-1的效果最好,诱导频率可达94．7％,愈伤组织乳白色,结构致密,生长旺盛;将其接种在培养基MS ZT3．0mgL^-1 NAA0．2mgL^-1上,愈伤组织由乳白色致密型转变为淡绿色致密型,进而形成绿色芽点,分化出不定芽,分化频率可达73．3％;胚乳植株在培养基MS ZT2．0-2．5mgL^-1 NAA0．05mgL^-1上进行壮苗和营养繁殖。     

火炬松(Pinus taeda L.)合子胚愈伤组织的器官发生和植株再生

以火炬松(Pinus taeda L.)的成熟合子胚为外植体在附加NAA和BA的TE培养基上诱导产生了淡黄色、疏松、有光泽的颗粒状愈伤组织。经过愈伤组织的保持和增殖培养及不定芽原基的诱导培养后,进行了不同激素、低温处理和蔗糖浓度对不定芽分化的影响实验。结果表明,在附加0.5 mg·L~(-1)IBA和2 mg·L~(-1)BA的TE培养基上,愈伤组织上的不定芽分化频率最高达62.15%。不定芽分化的最佳低温处理时间是5—6周,最佳蔗糖浓度是25—30 g·L~(-1)。不定芽经伸长培养后取高于1cm的小苗用于生根。在附加IBA、BA和GA_3的TE培养基上不定芽的生很频率最高达46%。     

油菜幼苗下胚轴、根和子叶愈伤组织器官分化的初步研究

器官分化是植物生理学上的一个重要问题。油菜幼苗子叶、下胚轴和根外植体,培养在附加适当浓度的一种生长素的培养基上,能诱导产生愈伤组织。愈伤组织转至除去生长素的基本培养基上,能从子叶和下胚轴愈伤组织分化出不定芽(苗),进而从不定芽(苗)形成的茎的基部长根而形成完整小植株,但频率不高。如果在附加一种生长素的诱导愈伤组织培养基中,再加入适当浓度的一种细胞分裂素,不仅能加速下胚轴和根愈伤组织的产生,而     

Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Papaya Suspension Cultures

Compact embryogenetic calli were obtained from explants on P3 medium after 4 weeks of culture and high-frequency somatic embryogenesis occurred after these calli were transferred into suspension culture. Experimental data showed that low level (0.2%W/V) of activated charcoal had beneficial effects on somatic embryogenesis. Abundant calli on P4 medium however, showed no embryogenesis. On the other hand, callus induction and somatic embryogenesis varied with different rarities of exptants. The efficiency of somatic embryogenesis was much higher, if roots were used as explants, whereas stems were more suitable for callus formation Mature somatic embryos with cotyledons were cultured on MS medium containing different plant hormones. The optimum medium for germination and growth of entire plantlet was Mso medium. The somatic embryos on MS2, MS and MS3 media germinated rapidly, but formed excessive callus from the surface of germinating embryos.     

Plant Regeneration from Cell Supension Derived Protoplasts of Heracleum moellendorffii

Heracleum moellendorffiz Hance is a herb belonging to Umbelliferae used in traditional medicine in China. The young stem-nodes were induced for callus formation on MS medium containing 1 mg/L 2,4-D. After subcultured for about five months, the embryogenic calli were used for cell suspension culture. The protoplasts were prepared from this suspension by digestion with enzyme mixture containing 1. 5% cellulase Onozuka R-10 +0. 3% macerozyme R-10 + 0. 5% snailase + 5 mmol CaCl2 + 0. 6 mol/L mannitol, at pH 5.8, and cultured in modified MS and modified N6 media with 0.3 % agarose. They divided after 3 days and developed into small cell colonies after about 2 weeks. From this time on, the glucose concentration in the culture media was decreased to 0. 2 mol/L,which led to futher growth of the colonies to small calf . After a period of proliferation on solid medium with 0. 5 mg/L 2,4-D, the calli were transferred to a medium with 0. 1 mg/L zeatin on which somatic embryos differentiated and developed to plantlets     

新疆天山雪莲体胚诱导与分化研究

以新疆天山雪莲的叶片为外植体,分别用不同配方培养基诱导愈伤组织,后进行体胚诱导和分化培养形成再生雪莲植株.结果表明,诱导愈伤组织的最适培养基为MS 2,4-D 0.5 mg/L BA 1.5 mg/L,诱导率可达到100%;愈伤组织转移至MS 2,4-D 0.5 mg/L BA 1.5 mg/L培养基进行继代培养,增殖后的愈伤组织转移到MS 2,4-D 0.2 mg/L的液体培养基后成功诱导出雪莲体胚,出胚率达40%;将体胚接至MS ABA 0.5 mg/L培养基后,结果分化生长出大量的再生雪莲幼苗.     

Plant Regeneration from Protoplasts of Savoy Cabbage(Brassica oleracea L. var. subauda)

Protoplasts of savoy cabbage (Brassica olleracea L. var. subauda), "SA61" (SV), were isolated from leaves and hypocotyls of seedlings grown in vitro, in enzyme mixture containing 2% cellulase (Onozuka R-10) and 0.8% macerozyme RI0. Good results of protoplast collection were obtained by using 18% and 17% sucrose solution floating leaf protoplasts and hypocotyl protoplasts respectively, and centrifugalizing with the rate of 500 r/min. All the collected protoplasts were cultured in 5 different liquid media from which the best results were observed on DPD1 medium for leaf protoplasts and on MS1 medium for hypocotyl protoplasts, with the highest cell division rate and planting efficiency. About 2 weeks of cultures, many cell clusters and a few embryo-like structures were visualized. The cell clusters developed into visible microcalli in 20-30 days and grew up to 1 mm or so in dimeter about 40 days of culture. For growth, the calli were transferred to 7 different agar media and from which two suitable media, MB2 and MB3, were selected. Cultured for 40-50 days, the calli grew up, and were transferred to 4 solid media for organ differentiation. Ideal results of shoot regeneration were obtained on MS, medium. About 2 weeks after rooted on the MS medium without any auxin, intact plants were regenerated.     

洋桔梗体细胞胚性愈伤组织诱导过程中超氧化物歧化酶和酯酶变化

通过转移洋桔梗非胚性愈伤组织到含有1.0mg/L2,4-D的MS培养基(ecIM)上诱导了洋桔梗胚性愈伤组织形成,而非胚性愈伤组织在含1.0mg/L2,4-D和0.5mg/LKT的MS培养基(necSM)上继代培养。本研究比较分析了洋桔梗愈伤组织在ecIM和necSM上的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及其同工酶酶谱、酯酶同工酶酶谱随着培养天数的变化。实验结果表明在ecIM和necSM上培养的洋桔梗愈伤组织的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性在培养早期较低,然后随着培养天数增加而升高,维持在较高水平上,但SOD活性变化无明显规律性;另一方面,SOD同工酶在第4天后出现一新的同工酶谱带;此外,在ecIM和necSM上培养洋桔梗愈伤组织的酯酶(EST)同工酶在培养至第16~20天期间呈现显著缺失。     

油樟悬浮培养及次生代谢产物的诱导

以油樟(Cinnamomum longepaniculatum)叶片为外植体在附加6-BA和NAA不同激素浓度组合的MS培养基上筛选质地疏松、生长旺盛的愈伤组织, 分别接种在MS、B5、WPM三种液体培养基中进行细胞悬浮培养, 并检测诱导产生的次生代谢产物。结果表明: 2 mg.L-1 6-BA+ 0.5 mg.L-1 NAA能诱导质地疏松、生长旺盛的愈伤组织, B5基本培养基中细胞长势最好; 愈伤组织在B5+2 mg.L-1 6-BA+ 0.5 mg.L-1 NAA中悬浮培养, 继代2次后形成均一的单细胞; 从油樟悬浮培养物中检测出50%以上的成分是苯甲醇。     

埃斯基红豆草下胚轴愈伤组织原生质体的培养与植株再生

埃斯基红豆幼苗的下胚轴切段在附加２,４－Ｄ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＫＴ１ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ中形成胚性愈伤组织。来自１１－１３个月龄、继代６－１５天的愈伤组织的原生质体,在改良的Ｖ－ＫＭ液体培养基中可持续分裂形成细胞团,培养１０天时的分裂率和克隆率分别为６５．８８％和５３．３８％周后就可将将原生质体形成的小愈伤组织转于培养基上。原生质体在改良的Ｂ５液体培养基也可以分裂形成小愈伤组织,但分裂率低于Ｖ－ＫＭ。来自原     

Plant Regeneration from Protoplasts of Coriandrum sativum

Calli produced from stem segments of seedling of Coriandrum satwum which were cultured on MS agar medium containing NAA 1.0mg/L. The embryogenic cell colony suspension was estabilished on MS liquid medium containing NAA 1.0mg/L%2,4-D 0.2mg/L+BA 0.5 mg/L. The cell suspension culture was used for protoplast preparation. Protoplasts were obtained in the enzyme mixture containing 2.0% Onozuka R-10, 1.0% pectinase, 0.5% snailase, 0.5% dextran sulfate potassium Salt, 0.6mol/L mannital CPW solution at pH 5.8 and 25℃. Cultured in a KM8P liquid medium containing NAA 1.0mg/L+2,4-D 0.2mg/L+6-BA 0.5 mg/L, glucose 0.4mol/L and CM 20mi/L; the protoplasts entered the stage of derision after three days, cell clusters formed in 10 days and calli formed after about 50 days. When the calli were transferred to MS agar medium containing many growth substances, they differentiated into embryoids, and then developed into plantlet with many green leaves and roots on the 1/2 MS agar medium.     

Tissue culture and plant regeneration of Helianthemum songaricum Schrenk]

The cotyledonary segments of sterile seedlings of Helianthemum Songaricum Schrenk were cultured on different media containing different phytohormons. It was found that the calli could be induced efficiently on MS basal medium supplemented with 10.0 mg/L NAA and 0.2 mg/L 6-BA. When calli were transferred on MS medium with 2.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.2 mg/L NAA, shoots were produced. The frequency of shoot differentiation reached about 85%. The regenerated shoots were rooted on 1/2MS medium added with 0.5 mg/L NAA. The rooting rate was about 76%. Regenerated plantlets were successfully transplanted in soil, with a success rate of 67%.