cry1A基因在转基因玉米中的遗传与表达(英文)

通过Southern杂交、ELISA分析等方法 ,研究了cry1A基因在转基因玉米中的遗传与表达。结果表明 ,cry1A基因在转基因玉米中呈单位点显性基因遗传。cry1A杀虫蛋白在转基因玉米不同株系中的表达量存在显著差异 ;在转基因玉米同一植株不同组织中的表达量也明显不同 ,在叶片、苞叶等绿色组织中的表达量显著高于在髓、花丝等非绿色组织中的表达量 ;在玉米叶片中的表达量随着发育期的推进有上升的趋势 ;在研究的 3个转基因玉米株系中 ,cry1A杀虫蛋白的表达量在R2 、R3 、R4代之间无显著差异。     

crylA基因在转基因玉米中的遗传与表达

通过Southern杂交、ELISA分析等方法,研究了crylA基因在转基因玉米中的遗传与表达。结果表明,crylA基因在转基因玉米中呈单位点显性基因遗传。crylA杀虫基因在转基因玉米不同株系中的表达量存在显著差异;在转基因玉米同一植株不同组织中的表达量也明显不同,在叶片,苞叶等绿色组织中的表达量显著高于在髓、花粉等非绿色组织中的表达量;在玉米叶片中的表达量随着发育期的推进有上升的趋势,在研究的3个转基因工程株系中,crylA杀虫蛋白的表达量在R2、R3、R4代之间无显著差异。     

农杆菌介导Bt基因遗传转化高粱

高粱是全球仅次于小麦、水稻、玉米、大豆和马铃薯等的重要作物之一。以高粱幼穗愈伤组织为转化受体,通过农杆菌介导法和含有抗潮霉素和gus基因的双元载体将杀虫晶体蛋白基因cry1Ab导入高粱品种115、ICS21B和5-27,经Hyg筛选共获得21个独立的转基因株系,52株转基因植株,平均转化率为1.9%。经PCR、Southern杂交和RT-PCR分析表明cry1Ab基因已整合入高粱基因组中并得到正确转录。Bt蛋白Westernblotting分析和ELISA定量测定显示,cry1Ab基因在转基因高粱植株中表达,但不同转基因植株表达量有差异。饲虫试验表明,转基因高粱对大螟(Sesamiainferens)具有一定抗性。     

染色体重组对转基因大麦中gfp基因表达的作用

利用5种转绿色荧光蛋白基因(gfp)大麦不同株系及野生型大麦为材料,对不同转基因株系间以及转基因株系与野生型植株间进行杂交,分别对不同世代植株的根尖、花粉中gfp基因的表达量进行测定.结果表明,不同转基因株系间的根尖、花粉的gfp基因在表达量上存在差异,同一转基因材料的gfp基因表达存在组织差异;gfp基因在杂交后代中作为一个显性基因以孟德尔方式稳定遗传,不同染色体上的gfp基因重组有利于提高持基因表达.     

转Bt基因抗虫玉米HGK60的农艺性状分析

为了确定转Bt cry1Ah抗虫玉米HGK60的自交系及其杂交后代外源基因的遗传表达稳定性和农艺性状,通过实时荧光定量PCR和ELISA分析外源基因的遗传表达稳定性,通过室内外生测和田间性状考量分析农艺性状。荧光定量PCR结果表明Bt cry1Ah基因在玉米的不同组织中可以正常转录,但RNA表达水平存在一定的差异;ELISA结果表明在转基因植株的不同发育时期、不同器官中Cry1Ah的蛋白表达量顺序:雄穗叶片苞叶籽粒花丝穗轴。两地连续三代的田间及室内抗虫性检测结果表明HGK60抗虫玉米对亚洲玉米螟均表现出很好的抗性。性状考量结果表明HGK60抗虫玉米与受体材料对照比较,种子发芽率、生育期、穗行数、穗长、千粒重等农艺性状均无显著差异。通过多年多点田间试验和分子检测结果证明HGK60转基因抗虫玉米中外源基因稳定的遗传和表达,对亚洲玉米螟有很好的抗性,农艺性状与对照材料无显著差异。HGK60转基因抗虫玉米对亚洲玉米螟的良好抗性使其具有很好的产业化应用前景。     

转gfp基因大麦中gfp基因表达的半定量RT-PCR方法分析

本研究以5种转绿色荧光蛋白基因(gfp)大麦的不同株系(A,B,C,D,F)及野生型Igri为材料,对供试材料的叶片中gfp基因的荧光表达量利用荧光显微镜测定,并对各株系进行半定量RT-PCR分析。研究结果表明:5种转基因大麦叶片的gfp基因荧光表达量不同,检测结果为FA≈B≈CD;同一转基因材料(C、F)的gfp基因表达存在组织差异,其花粉、叶片及根尖等不同器官中的gfp表达强度不同;转gfp基因D系的gfp基因沉默是gfp基因在转录水平失活。     

转基因玉米HGK60在不同遗传背景下抗虫性鉴定及农艺性状分析

为研究转基因玉米HGK60在不同遗传背景下遗传稳定性和抗虫效果,利用转Bt cry1Ah基因的转基因玉米HGK60为供体,通过回交转育的方式将cry1Ah基因分别导入玉米自交系郑58、昌7-2、lx05-4、lx03-2,获得转基因玉米自交系HGK60-郑58、HGK60-昌7-2、HGK60-lx03-2、HGK60-lx05-4,并杂交获得HGK60-郑单958（HGK60-郑58 × HGK60-昌7-2）和HGK60-鲁单9066（HGK60-lx05-4 × HGK60-lx03-2）,转化体特异性PCR证明cry1Ah基因已转入不同遗传背景玉米中,ELISA检测不同遗传背景转基因玉米叶片中Cry1Ah蛋白表达情况,结果表明在不同遗传背景玉米自交系和杂交种中Cry1Ah蛋白表达没有显著差异;田间人工接虫和室内玉米螟抗虫性鉴定结果表明,不同遗传背景的转基因玉米高抗玉米螟,室内接虫后4 d幼虫死亡率达到100%;对不同遗传背景转基因玉米HGK60进行农艺性状分析,结果显示与受体对照玉米相比,两者之间农艺性状没有显著差异,转基因玉米HGK60可用于抗虫玉米品种的选育。     

转cry1Ab/cry1Ac基因玉米Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac融合蛋白表达及对亚洲玉米螟的室内杀虫效果

【目的】室内抗螟性评价是转Bt基因抗虫玉米研发和安全性评价的重要环节。【方法】采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)测定了转cry1Ab/cry1Ac基因玉米ZZM030心叶中Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac融合杀虫蛋白的表达量;采用室内生测法测定了分别取食转基因玉米ZZM030和非转基因玉米X249心叶后亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis敏感品系ACB-BtS、Cry1Ab抗性品系ACB-AbR和Cry1Ac抗性品系ACB-AcR初孵幼虫的存活率。【结果】转基因抗虫玉米ZZM030 4叶期和8叶期心叶中Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac融合杀虫蛋白的表达量分别是10.62和2.94 μg/g FW。敏感品系亚洲玉米螟初孵幼虫取食转基因玉米ZZM030心叶2 d的存活率仅为23.6%,4 d后存活率为0,而取食非转基因对照玉米X249心叶4 d的存活率高达93.1%。Cry1Ab抗性品系和Cry1Ac抗性品系初孵幼虫取食转基因玉米ZZM030心叶6 d后的存活率分别为11.1%和12.5%,而取食非转基因玉米X249心叶6 d后的存活率分别为81.9%和77.8%。【结论】转cry1Ab/cry1Ac基因玉米ZZM030心叶中高表达的Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac融合蛋白对亚洲玉米螟初孵幼虫具有极高的杀虫效果。     

马铃薯叶特异性启动子驱动的hIL-12在转基因马铃薯中表达

[目的]检测人白细胞介素-12(h IL-12)蛋白在转基因马铃薯叶片中的表达量、遗传稳定性以及组织特异性。[方法]利用RT-PCR检测基因马铃薯叶片中h IL-12基因在RNA水平的表达;利用Western Blot和ELISA检测转基因马铃薯叶片与块茎中h IL-12在蛋白水平的表达。[结果]在7个转基因马铃薯株系的叶片中检测到了h IL-12的表达,而在相应的块茎组织中未检测到明显表达。在经过2代无性繁殖后,外源蛋白的表达量稳定。[结论]获得了稳定表达h IL-12蛋白的转基因马铃薯植株,表达量最高达到2.84μg/g总蛋白。     

转Bt-cry1Ah基因玉米花粉对意大利蜜蜂幼虫的影响

新型杀虫蛋白基因crylAh基因是中国农业科学院植物保护研究所从Bt菌株BT8中鉴定克隆的,其编码蛋白对鳞翅目害虫具有强毒力,尤其对亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis(Guenée)的毒力强于目前使用的cry1A类基因.转cry1Ah基因抗虫玉米具有很好的应用前景.花粉是蜜蜂重要的食物来源,蜜蜂是转基因植物安全性评价的关键测试生物.因此,开展转crylAh基因玉米对蜜蜂的安全性研究很有必要.给意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola蜂群中4～6日龄幼虫饲喂转基因玉米花粉、常规玉米花粉、杂花粉,哺育蜂饲喂为对照.转基因玉米花粉对意大利蜜蜂封盖率、出房率和发育历期没有显著影响.表明转cry1Ah基因玉米花粉对意大利蜜蜂幼虫的存活和发育没有不良影响.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.